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    3 - Crystal Structure From X-Ray Diffraction

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    4syxvgksn4
    Crystal structure comprehensive notes

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    3 - Crystal Structure From X-Ray Diffraction

    Uploaded by

    4syxvgksn4
    9 views9 pages
    Crystal structure comprehensive notes

    Original Title

    3_ Crystal structure from X-ray diffraction

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Crystal structure comprehensive notes

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views9 pages

    3 - Crystal Structure From X-Ray Diffraction

    Uploaded by

    4syxvgksn4
    Crystal structure comprehensive notes

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    21 2

    summary

    Any continuous point in our crystal coordinate


    system
    R U G t
    4292 4393 4123 E R
    E rig rata treas Az ER

    wave phenomena have homme fam

    int
    X n eik f

    Icw solution for propagation of waves

    k k b t

    kzbatkzbakizzE deoose
    i.b 2k8g be have physical meaning

    what are
    by

    If KEZ I
    G h bi t hate the b 3 423 E Z
    the crystal
    plans of
    2
    important for x
    ray diffrac
    have units of related to k
    by em

    equivalent to spatial
    Fourier transform co ord
    ie bi are momenta

    I identifies separate solutions ko


    Kai G E Kcal

    simple example find bi

    b EE Id t be 97 Gib a Sig

    G itbe

    y
    o f

    o o o o o

    o o o o o
    C Yto o o o o o

    EM waves in ID crystal
    eike T
    Its
    39 na
    D a za

    It
    Elastic scattering to ICI El IKI ZE
    I kn t Ikoutt k elastic collision photon's E w 1kt the same

    directions
    scattered lightexitsthe sample in different
    corresponding to different wavevectors Ikoatl

    Path difference soon 2nd

    Phase On Rosen zkna


    constructive interference
    zuma hat he k
    in back scattering

    f
    Let h mn me z k mat

    wavevector bout hem


    scattering q
    2k
    ZIM
    G for constructive interference

    Lattice vectors tell us


    when interference will

    happen
    in scattering system

    Elastic Xnay diffraction in 3D

    conserve momentum
    q bout him
    conserve
    energy I hate them12 1 hint912
    Ikin Rt 2 kin t
    91
    2km qt 1412 0

    constructive G Lane condition


    interference
    q
    2 kin G 1912 02 applies only
    allows us to find
    to Braves
    qq.EEEEattere lattice

    T Ewald sphere q defined as


    the change in the waneveetor of
    Lott a photon due to scattering

    R
    Total signal I fie
    d Lane
    Bragg
    2km G t 1612 0

    21km1 sind t 191 0

    0
    2
    3 since
    mat
    2 dance s i m X

    X diffraction methods
    ray

    Fixed varied method


    0 X Lane
    Rotating
    X O crystal
    Powder
    X O G method

    Ewald method
    Bragg planes
    G B 2AM ME z

    choosing m stuns a lattice plane


    whose normal is in the
    direction
    of G and distance from the origin

    2AM
    GI

    in returns a
    f
    stack
    of Bragg planes

    a become redundant
    may
    e.g
    G be Eli 0107

    9 2b 2862,0 07

    This is contained in G bi and

    is just the planes corresponding


    to even values g m

    9 1232 would also be encapsulated


    G k and so on
    by
    To remove this redundancy we
    define Miller indices A set
    of indices ha ha ha that
    have no denominators
    common

    completely specify the mend


    direction of the atomic planes

    h bath bath be
    g
    the Bragg planes er
    separated
    by a distance
    d
    Eg

    Reciprocal lattice vector G


    NG Z
    Ng
    for

    The elastic condition kin 9 92 0

    can be written as 214in Sino E Ng


    substituting for d d f we
    get
    Bragg's law
    2d since N X

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