THE EFFECT OF MOTIVATION OF LABOUR, COST AND

PRODUCTIVITY ON NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

(A CASE STUDY OF MARLUM CONSTRUCTION COMPANY,

LAGOS)

BY

IBRAHIM YAKUBU

HNDQS/022/0078

DEPARTMENT OF QUANTITY SURVEYING SCHOOL OF

ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY, NIGER STATE

POLYTECHNIC ZUNGERU, NIGER STATE. NIGERIA

AUGUST, 2024
 DEDICATION

I dedicate this project to the Almighty Allah. The beneficent and

merciful.
 DECLARATION

IBRAHIM YAKUBU (HNDQS/022/0078) of the Department of

Quantity Surveying, School of Environmental Studies, Niger State

Polytechnic Zungeru, hereby declare that this project titled ‘The Effect of

Motivation of Labour, cost and Productivity on Nigerian Construction

Industry (A Case Study of Marlum Construction Company, Lagos),

Nigeria is an authentic work undertaken by me and has not been

presented either wholly or partially elsewhere. All references are duly

acknowledged.

…………………………. …….…………………
HUSSAINI BABARAGA Date
 APPROVAL PAGE

The project titled ‘The Effect of Motivation of Labour, cost and

Productivity on Nigerian Construction Industry (A Case Study of Marlum

Construction Company, Lagos) by Ibrahim Yakubu with the

matriculation number HNDQS/022/0078 meet the regulation governing

the award of the Higher National Diploma (HND) of the Niger State

Polytechnic, Zungeru and it is approved for its presentation.

Mallam Yussuf Lukman Gambo _______________

Project Supervisor Signature and Date

QS. Yandalu Mohammed Manko _______________

Project Coordinator Signature and Date

QS. Sani Musa ________________

Head of Department Signature and Date

External Examiner ________________

Signature and Date
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Allah the Beneficent and merciful. To him all praises and

beautiful adorations. I beseech Him for His mercy, protection and

forgiveness. My unreserved gratitude goes to Almighty Allah for seeing

me through the successful completion of this very challenge. May peace

and benediction of God be upon the noblest of all man kind. The standard

bearer of truth, opener of what has closed, the seal of what has passed, I

thank him for being the pillar of guidance in my life.

My profound appreciation goes to my project supervisor in person of

Mallam Yussuf Lukeman Gambo, who painstakingly and carefully read

through my manuscript, offering useful corrections where necessary as

well as valuable suggestions and contributions towards the success of the

project, you have been more than a project supervisor to me, you are a

mentor, a confidant, an adviser and above all a brother in the trust sense

of brotherhood.

Special thanks goes to my Head of Department, QS. Sani Musa and the

entire lecturers and staff in the department of Quantity Surveying in

Niger State Polytechnic Zungeru; you all in your various ways touched

my life positively.

My utmost appreciation goes to my parents, Mr. Mohammadu Babaruga

and Mrs. Amina Babaruga for their love, affection with words of advice
and their support towards achieving this goal, may Almighty Allah make

them laugh over their children (Ameen).

My appreciation also goes to my brothers and sisters, for their advice and

financial support, may Allah reward you all abundantly.

My special thanks also goes to my friends for their effort and

encouragement to achieve this goal, and also my course mates for their

love and underlying support.

 ABSTRACT

Motivation is considered as an important tool for enhancing worker’

productivity. Construction sector is not an exception. It has been

empirically established that motivation has positive impact on

construction worker’s productivity. Moreover, empirical studies have

shown that productivity in the sector has been decreasing globally. This

study therefore aims at examining the relationship between motivation,

resistance and productivity and develops a model of this relationship as a

way of addressing this challenge. Quantitative research design was

employed with same questionnaire to the population covered.

Productivity level was measured by work study with the use of five

minutes field rating. Stratified and random sampling techniques were

used to administer questionnaire to the supervisors, craftsmen and

contractors sampled from a selected number of medium and large size

firms in Lagos, Nigeria. Stratified sampling was used to divide

supervisors into strata of builder, architect and engineer. The findings

also reveal that the influence of resistance among workers is not

sufficient to impair on the level of productivity in construction firms in

Lagos, Nigeria. The study concludes that productivity decrease being

experienced in Nigeria construction industry may continue if motivation

strategy is not re-designed to meet workers need.

 Table of content
Cover page i

Title page i

Declaration iii

Certification iv

Dedication v

Acknowledgment vi

Abstract viii

Table of contents ix

Chapter one

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Background of study 1

1.2 Statement of problem 3

1.3 Aim and objectives of the study 3

1.4 Research questions 4

1.5 Significance of the study 5

1.6 Scope of the study 5

1.7 Definition of Term 6

Chapter two

2.0 Literature review 7

2.1 Introduction 7

2.2 Concept of Motivation 7

2.3 Theoretical Development of Motivation Notion 8

2.4 Theories of Motivation 10

2.4.1 Introduction 10

2.4.2 Traditional Theory of Motivation 10

2.4.3 Human Relations Concept of Motivation 13

2.4.4 Contemporary Concept of Motivation 14

2.5 Productivity 19

2.5.1 Introduction 19

2.6 Construction Productivity 19

2.6.1 Productivity Measurement 22

2.6.2 Motivation and Productivity Relationship 22

2.6.3 Theory of Organisational Change 24

2.7 Empirical Studies on Motivation 25

2.7.1 Empirical Studies on Motivation and Productivity 26

Chapter Three

3.0 Research methodology 28

3.1 Introduction 28

3.2 Research Design 28

3.3 Study Population 28

3.4 Sampling Technique 29

3.5 Data Collection Techniques 30

3.5.1 Primary Sources of Data Collection 31

3.5.2 Secondary Sources of Data Collection 31

3.6 Data Collection Procedures 31

3.6.1 Validity Test 32

3.7 Data Analysis and Presentation 32

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Results, Analysis and Discussions 33

4.1 Introduction 33

4.2 Motivating Factors that Enhance Productivity of Workers 33

4.2.1 Motivating Factors on Workers 33

4.2.2 Influence of Motivating Factors on Various Professionals

(Supervisors) 36

4.2.3 Motivating Factors Application in the Industry 39

4.3 Impact of Motivation on Workers’ Productivity 41

4.3.1 Productivity Level of Workers 41

4.4 Discussions of Results 43

4.4.1 Impact of Motivation on Construction Workers Productivity 43

4.4.2 Impact of Motivation on Company Performance 44

4.4.3 Influence of Motivation on Workers 44

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 SUMMARY OF FINDING, RECOMMENDATIONS

AND CONCLUSION 51

5.1 Summary of finding 51

5.1.1 Motivating Factors that Enhances Workers Productivity 51

5.1.2 Impact of Motivation on Workers’ Productivity 53

5.2 Conclusion 54

5.3 Recommendation 55

Reference

Appendix