CHAPTER III

Methodology

Research Design

According to Bhandari P. (2021), Correlational research design investigates

between variables without allowing the researcher to control or manipulate any of them.

A correlational is a measurement of the intensity and/or direction of the relationship

between two (or more) variables.

It may involves measuring the strength and direction of the relationship between

poverty and academic performance in a sample of students. This could involve collecting

data on students’ socioeconomic status and comparing their academic achievement

levels. Both of these research design would allow for the analysis of how poverty relates

to academic performance without the need for random assignment or manipulation of

variables which may not be ethically or practically. This research design can help identify

relationship between variables, such as poverty and academic performances among

Grade-10 students at Banquerohan National High School. It allows for examining

whether there’s a statistical association between these variables, indicating whether

increased poverty levels are correlated with lower academic performances.

Research Method

The research aims to investigate the impacts of poverty on the academic

performance of grade 10 students at Banquerohan National High School. This research

will focus on the key variables that are defined with poverty level as the dependent

variable. This suggests that the study aims to examine how change in poverty levels

might influence with variation in academic performance. Employing the purposive

sampling, the study aims to select participants based on specific criteria, such as

socioeconomic background, ensuring a diverse representation within the Grade 10

students. Data collection will encompass both primary and secondary source, primary
data will derive from related literature and studies, providing foundational insights into the

broader impact of poverty on academic performance. Complementing this, secondary

data will be gathered through survey and questionnaires. Additionally, interviews with

students will be conducted to gather qualitative perspectives on the complex dynamics

between poverty and academic success. The expected outcomes encompass an

analysis of poverty’s direct impact an academic performances, along with actionable

insights into potential interventions mitigating these effects and enhancing academic

outcomes for students facing socioeconomic challenges.

Operational Framework

IDENTIFYING THE EFFECTS OF POVERTY

RESEACH VARIABLES
 INDEPENDENT: POVERTY LEVEL
 DEPENDENT: ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

EDUCATION ANALYSIS GRADE 10

(POVERTY) REPRESENTATIVES

SOURCES OF DATA
PRIMARY: SURVEY AND QUESTIONAIRE
SECONDARY: RELATED LITERATURE AND
STUDIES

PURPOSIVE SAMPLING

SURVEY DATA COLLECTION INTERVIEW

EXPECTED RESULT
 POVERTY’S ACADEMIC IMPACT
 INTERVENTION INSIGHT
Pre-processing of Subsets

The study on The Effects of Poverty on the Academic Performance of Selected

Grade-10 Students of Banquerohan National High School employs a purposive sampling

approach to ensure a focused and representative subset for in-depth investigation.

Purposive sampling involves a deliberately selecting participants based on specific

criteria relevant to the research objectives. Several factors are considered during the

pre-processing of subset for enhancing the study’s validity and applicability.

Key Factors To Consider;

The economic background is one of the key factor that we consider because it

plays an important role in shaping student’s educational journey. It directly impacts

access to resources, such as quality education, learning materials and extracurricular

activities which significantly influence academic performance. Understanding the

economic circumstances of students helps to uncover disparities and challenges they

might face, providing crucial insights into how poverty affects their ability to excel in

school by analyzing these factor, us as the researchers we can offer valuable

recommendations to mitigate the impact of poverty on academic achievement.

Academic performance is also crucial factor to study in research on poverty’s

impact because it serves as a measurable outcomes affected by various socioeconomic

factor. Understanding how poverty influences academic achievements helps to identify

disparities in educational opportunities and outcomes among students of different

economic background. By analyzing academic performance, we the researcher can

asses the extent to which poverty affects students grade, attendance and overall

educational success, providing valuable insights into the challenges students’ face due

to economic constraints. This examination can contribute to developing targeted

interventions aimed at improving outcomes for economically disadvantaged students.

The school environment is also a big factor in examining the poverty’s effect on

students academic achievement as it shapes the context of which students learn and
interact. Factors such as school resources, quality of teaching support system, and the

overall socioeconomic composition of the school community can significantly impact

students’ educational experience. Understanding how poverty interacts with the school

environment helps uncover disparities in educational opportunities and outcomes

shedding light on how these factor affects academic performance.

Access to resources is also a important factor to explore in studying poverty’s

impact on academic performance as it directly influence students’ school supplies,

school uniform, textbooks, technology,and educational support are often limited for

students from economically disadvantaged students. Understanding the disparities in

access to resources, shedding light on the challenges these students faced in achieving

academic success, highlighting the correlation between resources availability and

educational outcomes. By addressing these gaps in resources access interventions can

be devised to create to create a more equitable learning environment for students’

affected by poverty.

Sources Of Data

In this study about The Effects of Poverty on the Academic Performance of

Selected Grade-10 Students of Banquerohan National High School, the primary sources

would consist of firsthand data collected directly from the students at Banquerohan

National High School. These could include conducting surveys or interviews with

students’ to understand their socioeconomic backgrounds studying their academic

records such as grades, attendance, and any available performance metrics. Moreover,

engaging in focus group discussion to the specific factors impacting their education due

to poverty would be essential primary sources as well. These primary sources provide a

direct insight in the experiences and circumstances of the students’, forming the

foundation for understanding the link between poverty and academic performance within

this study.
 The secondary sources would encompass existing scholarly works, such as

research articles, books, or reports relevant to the broader subject of poverty’s impact on

education. These secondary sources might involve studies conducted in similar

socioeconomic contexts analyzing the correlation between poverty and academic

achievements in various educational settings. Additionally, theories proposed by experts

in the field of education that discuss the influence of poverty on academic outcomes

could offer theoretical framework to support and contextualized the findings obtained

from primary sources utilizing secondary sources enriches our research by integrating

established knowledge and providing wider perspectives on the relationship between

poverty and academic performance beyond the specific scope of our primary data

collection.

Population And Samples Of The Study

In this research the population refers to the entire group of Grade-10 Students of

Banquerohan National High School. The sample would be a smaller subset of this

population, possible by a specific number of students selected for the study to represent

the larger group.

To discuss further the effects of poverty on academic performance it might

include examining various factors like access to resources, socioeconomic background,

academic performance and school environment. The samples selection process might

involve identifying students from different socioeconomic within the Grade-10 students to

study how poverty impacts their academic achievements. The finding could highlight the

correlation between poverty and academic performance shedding light on the challenges

these students might face due to their economic circumstances.

Data Gathering Procedures Comprehensive
Data Gathering

Qualitative Approach: Interview Quantitative Approach: Survey

Influence of poverty to the Socio-economics

aademic performances challanges

Impact of
poverty on
academic
achivement

In conducting this research we implemented a comprehensive data gathering

process. Firstly, to identify students’ experiencing poverty, we conducted a quantitative

approach using a survey. This survey was designed to gather specific socioeconomic

information that helped us to pinpoint students facing economic challenges. Secondly,

we employed a qualitative approach by conducting interviews. These interviews aimed to

delve deeper into understanding how poverty influences the academic performances of

the identified students’. Through open-ended questions, we can gather insights, ,poverty

on their academic achievements. Combining both quantitative data from the survey and

qualitative insights from interview can allow us to develop a comprehensive

understanding of how poverty impacts with the academic performances of Grade-10

Students of Banquerohan National High School.

 Instrumentation

In our study about the effects of poverty on the academic performance of

selected grade-10 students at at Banquerohan National High School, we utilize two

primary instruments which is the survey and interview. The survey instrument allowed

us to collect quantitative data by administering a structured set of questions to a

significant number of students. This method facilitated the systematic gathering of

information regarding their socioeconomic background, access to resources, school

environments and academic achievements. Completing the survey, interviews were

conducted to delve deeper into individual experiences and perspective insights,

uncovering personal narratives, and exact details that survey might look. The

combination of these instruments enable us to divide the data, providing a

comprehensive understanding of how poverty influences the academic performances of

the selected Grade-10 students.