Onshore Structural & Civil Engineering Effective Date: 23 Oct 08

Design Manual - Section: 2.1.2 DeiYuan Chuang

Splice and Development Lengths for Reinforcement GDLT Approved

1.0 The splice and development lengths as shown on the following tables are in accordance with
Chapter 12 of ACI 318-05.
2.0 Minimum Thickness T of Footing
2.1 Tables 1.1-A/B and 1.2-A/B "Minimum Footing Thickness" are developed with the following
prerequisites:
2.1.1 For a soil supported footing: Rebars with 50 mm (2") top clear concrete cover and 75 mm (3")
bottom clear concrete cover. Please refer to Footing Thickness Section below.
2.1.2 For a piled footing: Rebars with 50 mm (2") clear top and bottom cover and 100 mm (4") pile
embedment.
2.1.3 Side cover (normal to plane of hook) is not less than 65 mm (2½") and cover on the bar
extension beyond hook is not less than 50 mm (2").
2.1.4 The hook is not enclosed with ties or stirrups.
2.1.5 Normal weight aggregate concrete and uncoated reinforcement is assumed.
2.1.6 T is rounded up to the nearest 50 mm (2") increment to conform to KBR standard formwork
sizes.
2.1.7 Type B dowel bar as detailed on C15-1TS
 2.2 ldh may be reduced in accordance with Section 12.5.3 of ACI 318 by the ratio of the area of
steel required by analysis to the area of steel provided. T may be decreased accordingly. l dh shall not
be less than 8db or 200 mm (8").
2.3 Compression embedment lengths are per Section 12.3 of ACI 318. ldc may be reduced in
accordance with Section 12.3.3 of ACI 318 by the ratio of area of steel required by analysis to the
area of steel provided. ldc shall not be less than 200 mm (8").
TABLE 1.1 - A
Minimum Thickness of Footing (T)
(SI Units, mm)

fy = 400 Mpa
f'c = 20 MPa
D12 D16 D20 D22 D25 D30 D32 D35
SIZES
ion Development Length:
180 240 300 330 375 450 480 530
pression Development Length:
260 345 430 475 535 645 685 750
T (Footing on Soil) = 450 500 600 650 700 800 850 950
50
T (Footing on Pile) =
500 600 700 750 800 900 950 1000
30
TABLE 1.1 - B
Minimum Thickness of Footing (T)
(SI Units, mm)

fy = 400 Mpa
f'c = 30 MPa
D12 D16 D20 D22 D25 D30 D32 D35
SIZES
ion Development Length:
150 195 245 270 305 370 395 430
pression Development Length:
210 280 350 385 440 525 560 615
T (Footing on Soil) =
400 450 550 550 600 700 750 800
50
T (Footing on Pile) =
450 550 600 650 700 800 800 850
30
TABLE 1.2 - A
Minimum Thickness of Footing (T)
(US Customary Units, inch)

fy = 60 ksi
f'c = 3 ksi
#4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11
SIZES
ion Development Length:
8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
pression Development Length:
11 14 17 20 22 25 28 31
T (Footing on Soil) =
18 20 24 26 28 32 34 38
T (Footing on Pile) =
20 24 26 30 32 34 38 40
TABLE 1.2 - B
Minimum Thickness of Footing (T)
(US Customary Units, inch)

fy = 60 ksi
f'c = 4 ksi
#4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11
SIZES
ion Development Length:
7 9 10 12 14 15 17 19
pression Development Length:
10 12 15 17 19 22 25 27
T (Footing on Soil) =
16 18 22 24 26 28 32 34
T (Footing on Pile) =
20 22 24 26 28 32 34 36
3. Splice and Development Lengths
3.1 Basic development length for tension, ld, is per Section 12.2.2 or 12.2.3 of ACI 318 with the
following criteria. For criteria other than those defined below reference Sections 12.2 and 12.3 of ACI
318.
3.1.1 Side clear cover of reinforcement is a minimum of 2db for bar sizes 12 mm dia. through 25
mm dia. (# 4 through #8) and 50 mm (2") for bar sizes 30, 32, 35 mm dia. (#9, #10 and #11).
3.1.2 Center to center spacing of the reinforcement is a minimum of 5db for bar sizes 12 mm dia.
through 25 mm dia. (#4 through #8) and 100 mm (4") + db for bar sizes 30, 32, 35 mm dia. (#9, #10
and #11).
3.1.3 The aggregate is normal weight and the reinforcement is uncoated.
3.2 Top bars are horizontal reinforcement placed so that more than 300 mm (12") of fresh concrete
is cast below the development length or splice.
3.3 Development lengths may be reduced in accordance with Section 12.2.5 of ACI 318 by the
ratio of the area of steel required by analysis to the area of steel provided if the bars are not fully
stressed but ld shall not be less than 300 mm (12"). Reduction is not allowed for reinforcement in high
seismic zones.
3.4 All lap splices of deformed bars shall be Class B. Class A splices are allowed when both the
following conditions are met.
3.4.1 The area of reinforcement provided is at least twice that required by analysis over the entire
length of the splice.
3.4.2 One-half or less of the total reinforcement is spliced with the required lap length.
3.5 Compression lap splices are per Section 12.16 of ACI 318, but shall not be less than
300 mm (12").
TABLE 2.1 - A
Splice and Development Lengths
(SI Units, mm)

fy = 400 MPa
f'c = 20 MPa
BAR SIZE D12 D16 D20 D22 D25 D30 D32 D35
Min. Bar Spacing (C-C) 60 80 100 110 125 130 135 135
Basic Development Length ld;
315 420 525 720 815 980 1045 1140
Class A Splice
Class A Splice (Top Bar) /
410 550 685 940 1060 1275 1360 1485
Class B Splice
Class B Splice (Top Bar) 535 715 895 1225 1380 1660 1770 1935
Compression Lap Splice 345 455 570 625 710 855 910 995
TABLE 2.1 - B
Splice and Development Lengths
(SI Units, mm)

fy = 400 MPa
f'c = 30 MPa
BAR SIZE D12 D16 D20 D22 D25 D30 D32 D35
Min. Bar Spacing (C-C) 60 80 100 110 125 130 130 135
Basic Development Length ld;
255 340 425 585 665 800 850 930
Class A Splice
Class A Splice (Top Bar) /
335 445 555 765 865 1040 1105 1210
Class B Splice
Class B Splice (Top Bar) 440 580 725 995 1125 1355 1440 1575
Compression Lap Splice 345 455 570 625 710 855 910 995
TABLE 2.2 - A
Splice and Development Lengths
(US Customary Units, inch)

fy = 60 ksi
f'c = 3 ksi
BAR SIZE #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11
Min. Bar Spacing (C-C) 2-1/2 3-1/8 3-3/4 4-3/8 5 5-1/8 5-1/4 5-3/8
Basic Development Length ld;
14 17 20 29 33 41 51 61
Class A Splice
Class A Splice (Top Bar) /
18 22 26 38 43 53 66 79
Class B Splice
Class B Splice (Top Bar) 24 29 34 49 56 69 86 103
Compression Lap Splice 15 19 23 26 30 34 38 42
TABLE 2.2 - B
Splice and Development Lengths
(US Customary Units, inch)

fy = 60 ksi
f'c = 4 ksi
BAR SIZE #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11
Min. Bar Spacing (C-C) 2-1/2 3-1/8 3-3/4 4-3/8 5 5-1/8 5-1/4 5-3/8
Basic Development Length ld;
12 15 18 25 29 36 44 53
Class A Splice
Class A Splice (Top Bar) /
16 20 23 33 38 47 57 69
Class B Splice
Class B Splice (Top Bar) 20 25 30 42 49 61 74 90
Compression Lap Splice 15 19 23 26 30 34 38 42