CO-ORDINATION COMPOUNDS

(3) Effective Atomic Number (EAN) and Synergic Bonding

(4) Isomerism
 (3) Effective Atomic Number (EAN) and Synergic Bonding

EXAMPLE
The oxidation states of iron atoms in compounds (A), (B) and (C), respectively,
are x, y and z. The sum of x,y and z is ____.
[JEE Mains–2020]
Na4[Fe(CN)5 NOS)] Na4[FeO4] [Fe2(CO)9]
(A) (B) (C)

Solution

Ans. (6)
 EXAMPLE
Low oxidation state of metals in their complexes are common when ligands:
(1) have good  -accepting character [JEE Mains–2022]
(2) have good  -donor character
(3) are having good  -donating ability
(4) are having poor  -donating ability

Solution

Ans. (1)
 EXAMPLE
Given below are two statements : one is labelled as “Assertion A” and the
other is labelled as “Reason R”.
Assertion A : In the complex Ni(CO)4 and Fe(CO)5, the metals have zero
oxidation state.
Reason R : Low oxidation states are found when a complex has ligands
capable of -donor character in addition to the -bonding.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer
from the option given below.
(1) A is correct but R is not correct [JEE Mains–2023]
(2) A is not correct but R is correct
(3) Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(4) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

Solution
Solution

Ans. (1)
 (4) Isomerism

EXAMPLE
The total number of isomers for a square planar complex [M(F)(Cl)(SCN)(NO2)] is:
(1) 12 (2) 8 (3) 16 (4) 4
[JEE Mains–2019]
Solution

Ans. (1)
 EXAMPLE
A reaction of cobalt(III) chloride and ethylenediamine in a 1 : 2 mole ratio
generates two isomeric products A (violet coloured) B (green coloured). A can
show optial actively, B is optically inactive. What type of isomers does A and
B represent ? [JEE Mains–2019]
(1) Geometrical isomers (2) Ionisation isomers]
(3) Coordination isomers (4) Linkage isomers

Solution

Ans. (1)
 EXAMPLE
The species that can have a trans-isomer is :
(en = ethane-1, 2-diamine, ox = oxalate)
(1) [Pt(en)Cl2] (2) [Cr(en)2(ox)]+
(3) [Zn(en)Cl2] (4) [Pt(en)2Cl2]2+ [JEE Mains–2019]

Solution

Ans. (4)
 EXAMPLE
Complex X of composition Cr(H2O)6Cln has a spin only magnetic moment of
3.83 BM. It reacts with AgNO3 and shows geometrical isomerism. The IUPAC
nomenclature of X is : [JEE Mains–2020]
(1) Tetraaquadichlorido chromium (III) chloride dihydrate
(2) Hexaaqua chromium (III) chloride
(3) Dichloridotetraaqua chromium (IV) chloride dihydrate
(4) Tetraaquadichlorido chromium(IV) chloride dihydrate

Solution

Ans. (1)
 EXAMPLE
[JEE Mains–2020]
Consider the complex ions,
trans-[Co(en)2Cl2]+ (A) and
cis-[Co(en)2Cl2]+ (B). The correct statement regarding them is :
(1) both (A) and (B) can be optically active
(2) both (A) and (B) cannot be optically active
(3) (A) can be optically active, but (B) cannot be optically active
(4) (A) cannot be optically active, but (B) can be optically active

Solution

Ans. (4)
 EXAMPLE
The number of stereoisomers possible for [Co(ox)2(Br)(NH3)]2– is _______.
[ox = oxalate] [JEE Mains–2021]

Solution

Ans. (3)
 EXAMPLE
Match List-I with List-II :
List-I List-II
(a) [Co(NH3)6] [Cr(CN)6] (i) Linkage isomerism
(b) [Co(NH3)3 (NO2)3] (ii) Solvate isomerism
(c) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 (iii) Co-ordination isomerism
(d) cis-[CrCl2(ox)2]3– (iv) Optical isomerism
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
(1) (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iv)
(2) (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)
(3) (a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv) [JEE Mains–2021]
(4) (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv)

Solution
Solution

Ans. (1)
 EXAMPLE
The correct structures of trans-[NiBr2(PPh3)2] and meridonial-[Co(NH3)3(NO2)3],
respectively, are
NO2
NO Ph3P Br O2N NH3
Ph3P Br H3N NO
Ni and Co
(1) Ni and Co (2) O2N NH3
NO PPh3 Br NH3
Br PPh3 H3N NH
NO2
NH3 Ph3P Br H3N NO2
Ph3P Br O2N NH3 and
Ni Co
(3) Ni and Co (4) Br O2N NH3
O2N NO2 PPh3
Ph3P Br NH3
NH3

[JEE Mains–2021]
Solution

Ans. (4)
 EXAMPLE
The number of geometrical isomers found in the metal complexes [PtCl2(NH3)2],
[Ni(CO)4], [Ru(H2O)3Cl3] and [CoCl2(NH3)4]+ respectively, are :
(1) 1, 1, 1, 1 (2) 2, 1, 2, 2 (3) 2, 0, 2, 2 (4) 2, 1, 2, 1
[JEE Mains–2021]
Solution

Ans. (3)
 EXAMPLE
Indicate the complex / complex ion which did not show any geometrical
isomerism : [JEE Mains–2021]
(1) [CoCl2(en)2] (2) [Co(CN)5(NC)]3–
(3) [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3] (4) [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+

Solution

Ans. (2)
 EXAMPLE
The number of optical isomers possible for [Cr(C2O4)3]3– is ______.
[JEE Mains–2021]
Solution

Ans. (2)
 EXAMPLE
(1) CoCl3·4NH3 (2) CoCl3·5NH3 [JEE Mains–2022]

(3) CoCl3·.6NH3 and (4) CoCl(NO3)2·5NH3

Solution

Ans. (1)
 EXAMPLE
The Cl – Co – Cl bond angle values in a fac-[Co(NH3)3Cl3] complex is/are:
(1) 90° & 180° (2) 90° [JEE Mains–2023]
(3) 180° (4) 90° & 120°

Solution

Ans. (2)
 EXAMPLE
The complex cation which has two isomers is : [JEE Mains–2023]
(1) [Co(H2O)6]3+ (2) [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+
(3) [Co(NH3)5NO2]2+ (4) [Co(NH3)5Cl]+

Solution

Ans. (3)
 EXAMPLE
Which of the following complex has a possibility to exist as meridional isomer?
(1) [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3] (2) [Co (en)3]
[JEE Mains–2023]
(2) [Co (en)2 Cl2] (4) [Pt (NH3)2 Cl2]

Solution

Ans. (1)
 EXAMPLE
The total number of stereoisomers for the complex [Cr(ox)2 ClBr]3– (where ox =
oxalate) is:
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 1 (4) 4
[JEE Mains–2023]
Solution

Ans. (2)
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