Project title: Calculated by: Contact:

Eng. Kisasati +254 790 075 143

Beam name & Position: Checked by: Contact:
Company infor/Logo
L Beam on Grid line A-1
Job Reference: Sheet No. Sheet Number/Review: Approved by: Contact:
0001/0004
MATERIALS AND DESIGN DATA
Rebar yield Strength Fy 460 N/mm2 Hbeam 450 mm Effective tension depth d 409 mm
Shear yield Strength Fyv 250 N/mm2 Bbeam 200 mm Effective Compression depth d' 41 mm
Cube Strength Fcu 25 N/mm2 beff 956 mm Assume a columns of width: bcolumn 200 mm
Nominal Cover Cnom 25 mm hagg 20 mm Design Beam 15 - Span Method MDM
REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
BS 8110-1 T DESIGN OF SPAN 1; Span length = 5.4 m Moment = 113.75 Main bars & Links.
M 113.75 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0285
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0285 /0.9)} = 395.63

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 395.63 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 395.63 )
X = = = 29.70
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0285-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
113.75 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 670
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 3T16 + 1T12 Asteel provided = 716
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 5400 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 5400 / 409 = 13.20
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 286.85

Modification factor = = 1.53

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 1.53 = 31.90

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 3T16 + 1T12
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
100.04 kN V max = 140.39
1 UDL = 43.99
5.40 Col w = 200.0

-140.39 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 140.39
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 118.00
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 1.4425
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

(1/3)
= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) but ≤ 3 = 0.9567

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.6046
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; FALSE TRUE
2
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.6046 N/mm = 0.3023
V C + 0.4 = 0.6046 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 1.0046
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 0.4000 =
Shear rebars required are bv x (V - Vc)
N/mm 2 = 0.7056
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the calculated design shear links N/mm 2 = 0.7056
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 594
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 150 c/c mm2/m = 670
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 37 - R - 8 at 150 c/c 37 - R - 8 @ 150
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 2 Moment = 116.74
M 116.74 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.1396
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.1396 /0.9)} = 330.51

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 330.51 , 388.55 ) = 330.51

(d - Z) ( 409 - 330.51 )
X = = = 174.43
0.45 0.45
3T16 and 2T12
( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.1396-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²
AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
116.74 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 809
0.95 x 460 x 330.51
Provide 3T16 and 2T12 Asteel provided = 829
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 2; Span length = 4.2 m Moment = 30.73

M 30.73 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0077
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0077 /0.9)} = 405.48

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 405.48 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 405.48 )
X = = = 7.83
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0077-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
30.73 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 181
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4200 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4200 / 409 = 10.27
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 138.03

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
97.89 V max = 97.89
2 UDL = 39.24
4.20 Col w = 200.0

-72.82 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = -72.82
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 77.91
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.9524
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; FALSE TRUE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are bv x (V - Vc)
N/mm 2 = 0.3820
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 22 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 22 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 3 Moment = 51.71
M 51.71 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0618
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0618 /0.9)} = 378.65

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 378.65 , 388.55 ) = 378.65

(d - Z) ( 409 - 378.65 )
X = = = 67.44
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0618-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
51.71 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 313
0.95 x 460 x 378.65
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 3; Span length = 4.8 m Moment = 62.82

M 62.82 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0157
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0157 /0.9)} = 401.73

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 401.73 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 401.73 )
X = = = 16.16
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0157-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
62.82 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 370
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4800 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4800 / 409 = 11.74
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 282.17

Modification factor = = 1.81

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 1.81 = 37.56

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
94. kN V max = 109.86
3 UDL = 41.88
4.80 Col w = 200.0

-109.86 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 109.86
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 88.54
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 1.0824
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; FALSE TRUE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min= Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are bv x (V - Vc)
N/mm 2 = 0.4915
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the calculated design shear links N/mm 2 = 0.4915
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 414
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 25 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 25 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 4 Moment = 96.58
M 96.58 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.1155
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.1155 /0.9)} = 347.18

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 347.18 , 388.55 ) = 347.18

(d - Z) ( 409 - 347.18 )
X = = = 137.37
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.1155-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 3T16 and 1T12

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
96.58 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 637
0.95 x 460 x 347.18
Provide 3T16 and 1T12 Asteel provided = 716
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 4; Span length = 5 m Moment = 63.80

M 63.80 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = 2 = = 0.0160
fcubd 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0160 /0.9)} = 401.61

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 401.61 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 401.61 )
X = = = 16.41
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0160-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
63.80 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 376
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 5000 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 5000 / 409 = 12.22
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 286.74

Modification factor = = 1.77

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 1.77 = 36.83

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
111.95 kN V max = 111.95
4 UDL = 42.64
5.00 Col w = 200.0

-105. kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 111.95
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 90.25
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 1.1033
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; FALSE TRUE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are bv x (V - Vc)
N/mm 2 = 0.5091
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the calculated design shear links N/mm 2 = 0.5091
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 429
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 26 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 26 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 5 Moment = 69.83
M 69.83 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0835
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0835 /0.9)} = 366.68

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 366.68 , 388.55 ) = 366.68

(d - Z) ( 409 - 366.68 )
X = = = 94.04
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0835-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 3T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
69.83 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 436
0.95 x 460 x 366.68
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 5; Span length = 3.8 m Moment = 31.51

M 31.51 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0079
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0079 /0.9)} = 405.39

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 405.39 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 405.39 )
X = = = 8.03
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0079-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
31.51 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 186
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 3T20 Asteel provided = 942
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3800 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3800 / 409 = 9.29
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 60.52

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 3T20
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
80.07 kN V max = 80.07
5 UDL = 37.28
3.80 Col w = 200.0

-67.92 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 80.07
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 61.09
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.7468
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 1.0483

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.6626
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.6626 N/mm 2 = 0.3313
V C + 0.4 = 0.6626 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 1.0626
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 20 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 20 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 6 Moment = 34.73
M 34.73 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0415
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0415 /0.9)} = 389.17

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 389.17 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 389.17 )
X = = = 44.07
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0415-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
34.73 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 205
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
DESIGN OF SPAN 6; Span length = 3.6 m Moment = 32.61
M 32.61 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0082
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0082 /0.9)} = 405.26

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 405.26 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 405.26 )
X = = = 8.31
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0082-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
32.61 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 193
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3600 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3600 / 409 = 8.80
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 147.19

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
63.74 kN V max = 67.50
6 UDL = 36.23
3.60 Col w = 200.0

-67.5 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 67.50
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 49.05
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.5996
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 19 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 19 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 7 Moment = 42.94
M 42.94 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0513
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0513 /0.9)} = 384.16

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 384.16 , 388.55 ) = 384.16

(d - Z) ( 409 - 384.16 )
X = = = 55.20
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0513-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1

AS-req = 42.94 x 10⁶ = 256

0.95 x 460 x 384.16
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
DESIGN OF SPAN 7; Span length = 4.1 m Moment = 37.05
M 37.05 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0093
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0093 /0.9)} = 404.74

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 404.74 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 404.74 )
X = = = 9.46
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0093-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
37.05 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 219
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4100 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4100 / 409 = 10.02
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 167.01

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
76.02 kN V max = 87.08
7 UDL = 38.76
4.10 Col w = 200.0

-87.08 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 87.08
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
= 67.35
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + )
Design shear Stress; kN
𝑉
𝑣=
𝑏 𝑑 N/mm 2 = 0.8233

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑 N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝑉 =
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm 2 = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv 2
N/mm = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv
Area of shear required = mm 2/ m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 22 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 22 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 8 Moment = 74.19
M 74.19 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0887
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0887 /0.9)} = 363.67

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 363.67 , 388.55 ) = 363.67

(d - Z) ( 409 - 363.67 )
X = = = 100.74
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0887-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 3T16 and 2T12

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1

AS-req = 74.19 x 10⁶ = 467

0.95 x 460 x 363.67
Provide 3T16 and 2T12 Asteel provided = 829
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 8; Span length = 4.8 m Moment = 58.84

M 58.84 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0147
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0147 /0.9)} = 402.20

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 402.20 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 402.20 )
X = = = 15.11
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0147-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
58.84 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 347
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4800 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4800 / 409 = 11.74
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 176.42

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 3T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
101.68 kN V max = 101.68
8 UDL = 41.88
4.80 Col w = 200.0

-100.45 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 101.68
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 80.37
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.9825
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.9034

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.5710
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; FALSE TRUE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.5710 N/mm 2 = 0.2855
V C + 0.4 = 0.5710 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.9710
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are bv x (V - Vc)
N/mm 2 = 0.3466
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 150 c/c mm2/m = 670
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 33 - R - 8 at 150 c/c 33 - R - 8 @ 150
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 9 Moment = 68.57
M 68.57 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0820
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0820 /0.9)} = 367.54

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 367.54 , 388.55 ) = 367.54

(d - Z) ( 409 - 367.54 )
X = = = 92.13
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0820-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 3T16 and 2T12

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
68.57 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 427
0.95 x 460 x 367.54
Provide 3T16 and 2T12 Asteel provided = 829
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
DESIGN OF SPAN 9; Span length = 3.7 m Moment = 29.02
M 29.02 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0073
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0073 /0.9)} = 405.67

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 405.67 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 405.67 )
X = = = 7.39
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0073-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
29.02 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 171
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3700 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3700 / 409 = 9.05
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 130.41

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
79.13 kN V max = 79.13
9 UDL = 36.76
3.70 Col w = 200.0

-63.05 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 79.13
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 60.41
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.7385
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 20 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 20 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 10 Moment = 27.44
M 27.44 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0328
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0328 /0.9)} = 393.50

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 393.50 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 393.50 )
X = = = 34.44
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0328-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1

AS-req = 27.44 x 10⁶ = 162

0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 10; Span length = 3.2 m Moment = 25.36

M 25.36 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0063
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0063 /0.9)} = 406.10

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 406.10 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 406.10 )
X = = = 6.45
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0063-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
25.36 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 150
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3200 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3200 / 409 = 7.82
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 114.39

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
54.07 kN V max = 56.68
10 UDL = 33.98
3.20 Col w = 200.0

-56.68 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 56.68
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 39.38
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.4814
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 17 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 17 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 11 Moment = 35.31
M 35.31 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0422
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0422 /0.9)} = 388.82

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 388.82 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 388.82 )
X = = = 44.85
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0422-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
35.31 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 208
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 11; Span length = 4 m Moment = 36.74

M 36.74 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = 2 = = 0.0092
fcubd 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0092 /0.9)} = 404.78

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 404.78 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 404.78 )
X = = = 9.38
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0092-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
36.74 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 217
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4000 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4000 / 409 = 9.78
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 165.49

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
74.28 kN V max = 86.70
11 UDL = 38.28
4.00 Col w = 200.0

-86.7 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 86.70
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 67.21
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.8216
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 21 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 21 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 12 Moment = 75.38
M 75.38 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0901
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0901 /0.9)} = 362.83

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 362.83 , 388.55 ) = 362.83

(d - Z) ( 409 - 362.83 )
X = = = 102.59
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0901-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 3T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
75.38 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 476
0.95 x 460 x 362.83
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 12; Span length = 5.1 m Moment = 66.06

M 66.06 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0165
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0165 /0.9)} = 401.35

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 401.35 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 401.35 )
X = = = 17.00
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0165-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
66.06 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 390
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 5100 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 5100 / 409 = 12.47
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 297.42

Modification factor = = 1.69

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 1.69 = 35.15

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
108.53 kN V max = 115.14
12 UDL = 43.00
5.10 Col w = 200.0

-115.14 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 115.14
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 93.26
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 1.1401
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; FALSE TRUE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are bv x (V - Vc)
N/mm 2 = 0.5400
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the calculated design shear links N/mm 2 = 0.5400
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 455
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 27 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 27 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 13 Moment = 103.39
M 103.39 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.1236
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.1236 /0.9)} = 341.78

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 341.78 , 388.55 ) = 341.78

(d - Z) ( 409 - 341.78 )
X = = = 149.39
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.1236-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 3T16 and 1T12

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
103.39 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 693
0.95 x 460 x 341.78
Provide 3T16 and 1T12 Asteel provided = 716
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
DESIGN OF SPAN 13; Span length = 5.2 m Moment = 69.64
M 69.64 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0174
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0174 /0.9)} = 400.92

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 400.92 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 400.92 )
X = = = 17.94
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0174-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
69.64 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 411
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 5200 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 5200 / 409 = 12.71
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 208.96

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 3T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
116.47 kN V max = 116.47
13 UDL = 43.34
5.20 Col w = 200.0

-111.09 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 116.47
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 94.41
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 1.1542
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.9034

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.5710
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; FALSE TRUE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.5710 N/mm 2 = 0.2855
V C + 0.4 = 0.5710 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.9710
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are bv x (V - Vc)
N/mm 2 = 0.4911
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the calculated design shear links N/mm 2 = 0.4911
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 414
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 27 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 27 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 14 Moment = 83.70
M 83.70 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.1001
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.1001 /0.9)} = 356.88

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 356.88 , 388.55 ) = 356.88

(d - Z) ( 409 - 356.88 )
X = = = 115.82
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.1001-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 3T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
83.70 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 537
0.95 x 460 x 356.88
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 14; Span length = 4.5 m Moment = 46.54

M 46.54 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = 2 = = 0.0116
fcubd 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0116 /0.9)} = 403.64

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 403.64 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 403.64 )
X = = = 11.91
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0116-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
46.54 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 275
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4500 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4500 / 409 = 11.00
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 209.72

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
95.81 kN V max = 95.81
14 UDL = 40.62
4.50 Col w = 200.0

-91.93 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 95.81
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 75.13
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.9185
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; FALSE TRUE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are bv x (V - Vc)
N/mm 2 = 0.3534
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 24 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 24 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 15 Moment = 63.86
M 63.86 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0764
fcubd2 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0764 /0.9)} = 370.72

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 370.72 , 388.55 ) = 370.72

(d - Z) ( 409 - 370.72 )
X = = = 85.07
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0764-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
63.86 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 395
0.95 x 460 x 370.72
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 15; Span length = 3.8 m Moment = 48.47

M 48.47 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = 2 = = 0.0121
fcubd 25 x 956 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0121 /0.9)} = 403.41

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 403.41 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 403.41 )
X = = = 12.41
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0121-0.156) x 25 x 956 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
48.47 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 286
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf < 0. 4 As min = 0.18 0.209 0.0018
AS-min = 0.0018 x bw x h = 0.0018 x 200 x 450 = 162
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3800 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3800 / 409 = 9.29
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 20.8
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 218.11

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 20.8 x 2.00 = 41.60

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
87.64 V max = 87.64
15 UDL = 37.28
3.80 Col w = 200.0

-60.11 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 87.64
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 68.66
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.8394
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 20 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 20 - R - 8 @ 200
 Project title: Calculated by: Contact:
Eng. Kisasati +254 790 075 143
Beam name & Position: Checked by: Contact:
Company infor/Logo
L Beam on Grid line A-1
Job Reference: Sheet No. Sheet Number/Review: Approved by: Contact:
0001/0004
MATERIALS AND DESIGN DATA
Rebar yield Strength Fy 460 N/mm2 Hbeam 450 mm Effective tension depth d 409 mm
Shear yield Strength Fyv 250 N/mm2 Bbeam 200 mm Effective Compression depth d' 41 mm
Cube Strength Fcu 25 N/mm2 beff 200 mm Assume a columns of width: bcolumn 200 mm
Nominal Cover Cnom 25 mm hagg 20 mm Design Beam 15 - Span Method MDM
REF. CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
BS 8110-1 L DESIGN OF SPAN 1; Span length = 5.4 m Moment = 79.70 Main bars & Links.
M 79.70 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0953
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0953 /0.9)} = 359.77

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 359.77 , 388.55 ) = 359.77

(d - Z) ( 409 - 359.77 )
X = = = 109.40
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0953-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
79.70 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 507
0.95 x 460 x 359.77
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 5400 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 5400 / 409 = 13.20
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 257.76

Modification factor = = 1.11

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 1.11 = 28.77

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 3T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
70.28 kN V max = 98.88
1 UDL = 30.99
5.40 Col w = 200.0

-98.88 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 98.88
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 83.11
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 1.0160
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

(1/3)
= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) but ≤ 3 = 0.9034

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.5710
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; FALSE TRUE
2
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.5710 N/mm = 0.2855
V C + 0.4 = 0.5710 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.9710
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 0.4000=
Shear rebars required are bv x (V - Vc)
N/mm 2 = 0.3748
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 150 c/c mm2/m = 670
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 37 - R - 8 at 150 c/c 37 - R - 8 @ 150
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 2 Moment = 82.13
M 82.13 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0982
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0982 /0.9)} = 358.02

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 358.02 , 388.55 ) = 358.02

(d - Z) ( 409 - 358.02 )
X = = = 113.28
0.45 0.45
3T16 and 2T12
( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0982-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²
AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
82.13 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 525
0.95 x 460 x 358.02
Provide 3T16 and 2T12 Asteel provided = 829
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 2; Span length = 4.2 m Moment = 19.77

M 19.77 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0236
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0236 /0.9)} = 397.96

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 397.96 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 397.96 )
X = = = 24.53
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0236-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
19.77 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 117
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4200 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4200 / 409 = 10.27
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 89.23

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 2.00 = 52.00

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
68.57 V max = 68.57
2 UDL = 27.41
4.20 Col w = 200.0

-50.45 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = -50.45
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 54.61
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.6676
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 22 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 22 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 3 Moment = 35.91
M 35.91 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0429
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0429 /0.9)} = 388.46

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 388.46 , 388.55 ) = 388.46

(d - Z) ( 409 - 388.46 )
X = = = 45.65
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0429-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
35.91 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 212
0.95 x 460 x 388.46
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 3; Span length = 4.8 m Moment = 42.85

M 42.85 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0512
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0512 /0.9)} = 384.22

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 384.22 , 388.55 ) = 384.22

(d - Z) ( 409 - 384.22 )
X = = = 55.07
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0512-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
42.85 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 256
0.95 x 460 x 384.22
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4800 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4800 / 409 = 11.74
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 195.23

Modification factor = = 1.63

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 1.63 = 42.29

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
65.35 kN V max = 76.65
3 UDL = 29.20
4.80 Col w = 200.0

-76.65 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 76.65
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 61.79
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.7554
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 25 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 25 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 4 Moment = 67.44
M 67.44 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0806
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0806 /0.9)} = 368.31

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 368.31 , 388.55 ) = 368.31

(d - Z) ( 409 - 368.31 )
X = = = 90.42
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0806-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 3T16 and 1T12

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
67.44 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 420
0.95 x 460 x 368.31
Provide 3T16 and 1T12 Asteel provided = 716
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 4; Span length = 5 m Moment = 43.64

M 43.64 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = 2 = = 0.0522
fcubd 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0522 /0.9)} = 383.73

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 383.73 , 388.55 ) = 383.73

(d - Z) ( 409 - 383.73 )
X = = = 56.16
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0522-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
43.64 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 261
0.95 x 460 x 383.73
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 5000 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 5000 / 409 = 12.22
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 199.04

Modification factor = = 1.60

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 1.60 = 41.62

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
78.21 kN V max = 78.21
4 UDL = 29.80
5.00 Col w = 200.0

-73.17 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 78.21
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 63.04
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.7707
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 26 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 26 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 5 Moment = 48.88
M 48.88 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0584
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0584 /0.9)} = 380.45

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 380.45 , 388.55 ) = 380.45

(d - Z) ( 409 - 380.45 )
X = = = 63.45
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0584-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 3T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
48.88 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 295
0.95 x 460 x 380.45
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 5; Span length = 3.8 m Moment = 21.08

M 21.08 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0252
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0252 /0.9)} = 397.21

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 397.21 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 397.21 )
X = = = 26.21
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0252-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
21.08 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 125
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3800 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3800 / 409 = 9.29
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 95.33

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 2.00 = 52.00

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
56.21 kN V max = 56.21
5 UDL = 26.22
3.80 Col w = 200.0

-47.46 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 56.21
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 42.86
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.5240
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 20 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 20 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 6 Moment = 24.59
M 24.59 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0294
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0294 /0.9)} = 395.17

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 395.17 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 395.17 )
X = = = 30.73
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0294-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
24.59 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 145
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
DESIGN OF SPAN 6; Span length = 3.6 m Moment = 22.12
M 22.12 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0264
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0264 /0.9)} = 396.61

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 396.61 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 396.61 )
X = = = 27.54
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0264-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
22.12 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 131
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3600 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3600 / 409 = 8.80
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 99.90

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 2.00 = 52.00

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
45.05 kN V max = 47.68
6 UDL = 25.62
3.60 Col w = 200.0

-47.68 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 47.68
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 34.64
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.4235
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 19 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 19 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 7 Moment = 30.22
M 30.22 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0361
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0361 /0.9)} = 391.86

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 391.86 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 391.86 )
X = = = 38.08
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0361-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1

AS-req = 30.22 x 10⁶ = 178

0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
DESIGN OF SPAN 7; Span length = 4.1 m Moment = 24.99
M 24.99 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0299
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0299 /0.9)} = 394.94

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 394.94 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 394.94 )
X = = = 31.25
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0299-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
24.99 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 148
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4100 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4100 / 409 = 10.02
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 112.87

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 2.00 = 52.00

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
52.97 kN V max = 60.82
7 UDL = 27.11
4.10 Col w = 200.0

-60.82 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 60.82
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
= 47.02
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + )
Design shear Stress; kN
𝑉
𝑣=
𝑏 𝑑 N/mm 2 = 0.5748

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑 N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝑉 =
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm 2 = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv 2
N/mm = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv
Area of shear required = mm 2/ m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 22 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 22 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 8 Moment = 51.72
M 51.72 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0618
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0618 /0.9)} = 378.65

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 378.65 , 388.55 ) = 378.65

(d - Z) ( 409 - 378.65 )
X = = = 67.45
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0618-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 3T16 and 2T12

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1

AS-req = 51.72 x 10⁶ = 313

0.95 x 460 x 378.65
Provide 3T16 and 2T12 Asteel provided = 829
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 8; Span length = 4.8 m Moment = 40.32

M 40.32 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0482
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0482 /0.9)} = 385.77

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 385.77 , 388.55 ) = 385.77

(d - Z) ( 409 - 385.77 )
X = = = 51.61
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0482-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
40.32 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 240
0.95 x 460 x 385.77
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4800 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4800 / 409 = 11.74
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 122.02

Modification factor = = 1.96

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 1.96 = 50.84

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 3T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
70.88 kN V max = 70.88
8 UDL = 29.20
4.80 Col w = 200.0

-69.97 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 70.88
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 56.01
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.6847
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.9034

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.5710
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.5710 N/mm 2 = 0.2855
V C + 0.4 = 0.5710 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.9710
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 150 c/c mm2/m = 670
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 33 - R - 8 at 150 c/c 33 - R - 8 @ 150
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 9 Moment = 47.90
M 47.90 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0573
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0573 /0.9)} = 381.07

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 381.07 , 388.55 ) = 381.07

(d - Z) ( 409 - 381.07 )
X = = = 62.07
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0573-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 3T16 and 2T12

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
47.90 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 288
0.95 x 460 x 381.07
Provide 3T16 and 2T12 Asteel provided = 829
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
DESIGN OF SPAN 9; Span length = 3.7 m Moment = 19.57
M 19.57 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0234
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0234 /0.9)} = 398.08

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 398.08 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 398.08 )
X = = = 24.28
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0234-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
19.57 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 116
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3700 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3700 / 409 = 9.05
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 88.46

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 2.00 = 52.00

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
55.57 kN V max = 55.57
9 UDL = 25.92
3.70 Col w = 200.0

-44.2 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 55.57
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 42.37
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.5180
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 20 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 20 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 10 Moment = 19.72
M 19.72 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0236
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0236 /0.9)} = 397.99

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 397.99 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 397.99 )
X = = = 24.47
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0236-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1

AS-req = 19.72 x 10⁶ = 117

0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 10; Span length = 3.2 m Moment = 17.25

M 17.25 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0206
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0206 /0.9)} = 399.40

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 399.40 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 399.40 )
X = = = 21.33
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0206-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
17.25 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 102
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3200 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3200 / 409 = 7.82
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 77.79

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 2.00 = 52.00

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
38.78 kN V max = 40.62
10 UDL = 24.42
3.20 Col w = 200.0

-40.62 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 40.62
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 28.19
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.3446
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 17 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 17 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 11 Moment = 24.96
M 24.96 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0298
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0298 /0.9)} = 394.96

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 394.96 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 394.96 )
X = = = 31.21
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0298-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
24.96 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 147
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 11; Span length = 4 m Moment = 24.72

M 24.72 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = 2 = = 0.0296
fcubd 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0296 /0.9)} = 395.10

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 395.10 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 395.10 )
X = = = 30.90
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0296-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
24.72 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 146
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4000 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4000 / 409 = 9.78
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 111.34

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 2.00 = 52.00

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
51.62 kN V max = 60.62
11 UDL = 26.81
4.00 Col w = 200.0

-60.62 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 60.62
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 46.98
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.5743
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 21 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 21 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 12 Moment = 52.68
M 52.68 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0630
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0630 /0.9)} = 378.03

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 378.03 , 388.55 ) = 378.03

(d - Z) ( 409 - 378.03 )
X = = = 68.82
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0630-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 3T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
52.68 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 319
0.95 x 460 x 378.03
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 12; Span length = 5.1 m Moment = 45.22

M 45.22 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0541
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0541 /0.9)} = 382.75

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 382.75 , 388.55 ) = 382.75

(d - Z) ( 409 - 382.75 )
X = = = 58.34
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0541-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
45.22 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 271
0.95 x 460 x 382.75
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 5100 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 5100 / 409 = 12.47
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 206.67

Modification factor = = 1.55

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 1.55 = 40.31

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
75.7 kN V max = 80.64
12 UDL = 30.10
5.10 Col w = 200.0

-80.64 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 80.64
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 65.32
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.7985
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 27 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 27 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 13 Moment = 72.50
M 72.50 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0867
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0867 /0.9)} = 364.84

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 364.84 , 388.55 ) = 364.84

(d - Z) ( 409 - 364.84 )
X = = = 98.13
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0867-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 3T16 and 1T12

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
72.50 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 455
0.95 x 460 x 364.84
Provide 3T16 and 1T12 Asteel provided = 716
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
DESIGN OF SPAN 13; Span length = 5.2 m Moment = 47.78
M 47.78 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0571
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0571 /0.9)} = 381.14

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 381.14 , 388.55 ) = 381.14

(d - Z) ( 409 - 381.14 )
X = = = 61.91
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0571-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
47.78 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 287
0.95 x 460 x 381.14
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 5200 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 5200 / 409 = 12.71
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 145.91

Modification factor = = 1.74

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 1.74 = 45.11

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 3T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
81.7 kN V max = 81.70
13 UDL = 30.39
5.20 Col w = 200.0

-77.76 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 81.70
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 66.23
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.8097
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.9034

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.5710
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.5710 N/mm 2 = 0.2855
V C + 0.4 = 0.5710 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.9710
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 27 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 27 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 14 Moment = 58.52
M 58.52 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0700
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0700 /0.9)} = 374.25

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 374.25 , 388.55 ) = 374.25

(d - Z) ( 409 - 374.25 )
X = = = 77.22
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0700-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 3T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
58.52 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 358
0.95 x 460 x 374.25
Provide 3T16 Asteel provided = 603
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 14; Span length = 4.5 m Moment = 31.20

M 31.20 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = 2 = = 0.0373
fcubd 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0373 /0.9)} = 391.28

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 391.28 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 391.28 )
X = = = 39.38
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0373-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
31.20 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 184
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 4500 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 4500 / 409 = 11.00
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 140.32

Modification factor = = 2.00

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 2.00 = 52.00

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
66.78 kN V max = 66.78
14 UDL = 28.31
4.50 Col w = 200.0

-63.81 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 66.78
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 52.37
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.6402
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 24 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 24 - R - 8 @ 200
 DESIGN OF SUPPORT 15 Moment = 44.65
M 44.65 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = = = 0.0534
fcubd2 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0534 /0.9)} = 383.10

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 383.10 , 388.55 ) = 383.10

(d - Z) ( 409 - 383.10 )
X = = = 57.56
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0534-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409² 2T16

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
44.65 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 267
0.95 x 460 x 383.10
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required

DESIGN OF SPAN 15; Span length = 3.8 m Moment = 33.47

M 33.47 x 10⁶
3.4.4.4 K = 2 = = 0.0400
fcubd 25 x 200 x 409²
K ≤ K', No conpression reinforcements required 1
Z = = 409 {0.5 + √(0.25 - 0.0400 /0.9)} = 389.93

Zlimit = ( 0.95 x d ) 0.95 x 409 = 388.55

Zuse = Min(Z , Zlimit) = Min ( 389.93 , 388.55 ) = 388.55

(d - Z) ( 409 - 389.93 )
X = = = 42.39
0.45 0.45

( K - K' )fcubd2 (0.0400-0.156) x 25 x 200 x 409²

AS'-req = = = 0.0
0.95fy(d-d') 0.95 x 460 x (409 - 41)
n 1
33.47 x 10⁶
AS-req = = 198
0.95 x 460 x 388.55
Provide 2T16 Asteel provided = 402
TB 3.25 Area of steel provided for, bw/bf > 0.4 As min = 0.13 1 0.0013
AS-min = 0.0013 x bw x h = 0.0013 x 200 x 450 = 117
3.12.6.1 AS-max = 0.04 x b x h = 0.04 x 200 x 450 = 3600
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than area of reinforcement required
TB 3.9 Deflection Check:
Beam Span length; = 3800 mm
Actual span to depth ratio = 3800 / 409 = 9.29
Basic span to depth ratio; = (Table 3.9); = 26
TB 3.10
Design service stress (fs); = = 151.00

Modification factor = = 1.98

TB 3.9 Limiting span to depth ratio; = 26 x 1.98 = 51.47

PASS - Actual span to depth ratio is within the allowable limit 2T16
 DESIGN OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS;
61.57 V max = 61.57
15 UDL = 26.22
3.80 Col w = 200.0

-41.89 kN
3.4.5.2 Design of Shear Stress, V
Maximum Shear force at the column centre: ( Vmax ) kN = 61.57
Shear force at distance d from the column centre: ( Vd )
𝑉 = 𝑉 − 𝑈𝐷𝐿( + ) kN = 48.23
Design shear Stress;
𝑉
𝑣= N/mm 2 = 0.5896
𝑏 𝑑

TB 3.8 Design concrete shear stress, V c 1

= ((100 x A sp )/(b v d)) (1/3) but ≤ 3 = 0.7892

= ((400)/(d)) (1/4) but ≥ 1 = 1.0000

100𝐴 400
0.79 𝑥( )
𝑏 𝑑 𝑑
𝑉 = N/mm 2 = 0.4988
𝛾
TB 3.7 Design checks and provision of links; TRUE FALSE
0.5V C = 0.5 x 0.4988 N/mm 2 = 0.2494
V C + 0.4 = 0.4988 + 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.8988
2
3.4.5.2 V max = 0.8 √fcu or 5 N/mm2 N/mm = 4.0000
V min = Note 2: TB 3.7 Minimum links 0.4 N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Shear rebars required are 0.4 x bv
N/mm 2 = 0.3368
obtained using = 0.95 x Fyv
Provide design shear, Vs = Using the Minimum design links N/mm 2 = 0.4000
Vs x bv 2/
Area of shear required = mm m = 337
0.95 x Fyv
PASS - Area of shear reinforcement provided exceeds minimum required
Shear links provided = 2 x 8 legs at 200 c/c mm2/m = 503
3.4.5.5 Maximum Shear spacing Svl,max = 0.75 x d mm = 307
PASS - Longitudinal spacing of shear reinforcement provided is less than maximum
Shear links provided = 20 - R - 8 at 200 c/c 20 - R - 8 @ 200