ABM– EXPANSION PROJECT

31 23 00 EXCAVATION AND FILLING

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. 4

1.2 RELATED SECTIONS ................................................................................................................ 4

1.3 RELATED DOCUMENTS .......................................................................................................... 4

1.4 LANGUAGE ............................................................................................................................. 4

1.5 ABREVIATIONS, INTERPRETATION AND DEFINITIONS ........................................................... 4

1.6 SUBSTITUTIONS ..................................................................................................................... 4

1.7 PRECEDENCE .......................................................................................................................... 5

1.8 CLIMATE CONDITIONS ........................................................................................................... 5

1.9 QUALIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................... 5

1.10 STANDARDS ........................................................................................................................... 5

1.10.1 Local Standards ......................................................................................................... 5

1.10.2 International Standards/Guidelines ......................................................................... 6

1.11 SUBMITTALS .......................................................................................................................... 6

1.11.1 Product Data ............................................................................................................. 6

1.11.2 Shop Drawings .......................................................................................................... 6

1.11.3 Method Statement ................................................................................................... 6

1.11.4 Samples ..................................................................................................................... 6

1.11.5 Field Construction Mock-Up ..................................................................................... 7

1.12 WARRANTY ............................................................................................................................ 7

1.13 PRE-INSTALLATION MEETING ................................................................................................ 7

1.14 CLOSE OUT SUBMITTALS ....................................................................................................... 7

1.14.1 Product Data ............................................................................................................. 7

1.14.2 Operation and Maintenance Manual ....................................................................... 7

1.14.3 Testing Results .......................................................................................................... 7

1.14.4 Warranty certificates ................................................................................................ 7

1.14.5 As Built Drawing and specifications .......................................................................... 8

1.14.6 Spares and Extra Materials ....................................................................................... 8

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2 PRODUCT OR MATERIALS ................................................................................................................ 8

2.1 AGGREGATE FOR BACKFILL.................................................................................................... 8

2.2 AGGREGATE FOR BASE COURSE ............................................................................................ 8

3 EXECUTION....................................................................................................................................... 9

3.1 DESIGN AND ENGINERING ..................................................................................................... 9

3.2 PROCUREMENT...................................................................................................................... 9

3.3 FACTORY MANUFACTURING ................................................................................................. 9

3.4 FACTORY FINISHING .............................................................................................................. 9

3.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING.................................................................................... 9

3.5.1 Aggregates .............................................................................................................. 10

3.5.2 Other Materials....................................................................................................... 10

3.5.3 Rejected Materials .................................................................................................. 10

3.6 PREPARATION ...................................................................................................................... 10

3.6.1 Clearing ................................................................................................................... 10

3.6.2 Site Clearance ......................................................................................................... 10

3.6.3 Stripping .................................................................................................................. 10

3.6.4 Demolition .............................................................................................................. 10

3.6.5 Disposal ................................................................................................................... 11

3.6.6 Contaminated soils and Contaminants................................................................... 11

3.6.7 Haul Road Maintenance and Reinstatement ......................................................... 11

3.6.8 Protection ............................................................................................................... 11

3.6.9 Ground water control ............................................................................................. 11

3.7 APPLICATION AND EXECUTION ........................................................................................... 12

3.7.1 Excavation for structure ......................................................................................... 12

3.7.2 General backfill for structure .................................................................................. 12

3.7.3 Stockpiling and Borrow Fill ..................................................................................... 13

3.7.4 Base course layer construction............................................................................... 13

3.8 FIELDS QUALITY CONTROL................................................................................................... 14

3.8.1 Base course aggregate testing ................................................................................ 14

3.8.2 Platform testing ...................................................................................................... 15

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3.8.3 Base course layer testing ........................................................................................ 15

3.8.4 Further Testing........................................................................................................ 16

3.9 TOLERANCES ........................................................................................................................ 16

3.9.1 Excavation level ...................................................................................................... 16

3.9.2 Platform level for base course ................................................................................ 16

3.9.3 Based course level .................................................................................................. 16

3.10 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING.......................................................................................... 17

3.10.1 Inspection ............................................................................................................... 17

3.10.2 Acceptance of Base course ..................................................................................... 17

4 DEMONSTRATION AND TRAINING ................................................................................................. 17

5 OUTLINE SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................................................. 17

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1 GENERAL

The sections shall be read in coordination with General Conditions of contract and Master
Specification General Requirements.

1.1 SUMMARY

This specification includes the minimum requirements for the Engineering, Procurement,
Delivery, Installation, Testing of all excavation, filling and back filling for footings, filling
under slab for all Building structures.

This specification covers all the earthwork required in the relevant facilities.

In particular this section covers:

- Localised excavation for foundations, tanks, pits, sumps, services channels,

perimeter fence and other fittings,

- Compacted backfilling to above in a controlled manner,

- The supply and compaction of hardfill material under the ground floor slab,

- Ground water control during excavation and filling.

1.2 RELATED SECTIONS

Section 033100 – Specification of Cast-in-place Concrete

1.3 RELATED DOCUMENTS

The following documents approved by Client are to be considered:

- Qualified Manufacturer List

- Design Drawings

- Geotechnical investigation report

1.4 LANGUAGE

All documentations from Contractor shall be provided in English and Vietnamese.

1.5 ABREVIATIONS, INTERPRETATION AND DEFINITIONS

Excavation & Filling: are called also Earthwork.

1.6 SUBSTITUTIONS

Alternative products which are of equal quality and required characteristics for the
purpose intended may be proposed for use by properly executed Change Order and Field
Instruction approved by the Design Director, Project Manager Director and the Client. The
Designer will determine the acceptability of proposed substitutions, and will notify
Contractor in writing of acceptance rejection. The substitute shall be chosen for functional
performance and quality from Manufacturer’s list.

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1.7 PRECEDENCE

Figured dimensions take precedence over scaled dimensions; drawings to a larger scale
take precedence over drawings to a smaller scale; and drawings take precedence over
specification.

1.8 CLIMATE CONDITIONS

Site Climate conditions shall be considered when supplying any product.

The project is located in Lot A, My Phuoc 2 Industrial park, My Phuoc ward, Ben Cat
district, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam, the average annual temperature is 26,5°C and the
average annual relative humidity is 80%. The average rainfall intensity each year is 1800 ->
2000mm.

1.9 QUALIFICATIONS

- Manufacturer:

Company specialized in manufacturing products specified in this section shall have

minimum of five years documented experience.

- Product:

Products shall be in satisfactory use for similar applications for not less than 5 years.

- Installer:

Company specialized in performing the Works of this section shall a have minimum
three years of documented experience

Company performing the works shall have official accreditation from the
Manufacturer.

Company shall engage a factory-authorized service representative to inspect, test,

and adjust components, assemblies, and equipment installations, including
connections.

- Workmanship:

Building works shall be carried out with adequate skills to match the expected
quality and safety. Specific qualification if required may be listed here under.

1.10 STANDARDS

1.10.1 Local Standards

All works shall be executed according to local standards.

TCVN 4447:2012 Earthworks – Construction, check and acceptance

TCVN 9361:2012 Foundation works – Check and acceptance

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1.10.2 International Standards/Guidelines

In case the local standards are missing or unclear, unless otherwise specified, all
works shall be executed in accordance with the requirements and
recommendations of the appropriate International Standards with all amendments
that are current at the date of the tenders. In case of conflict with local standard,
local standard shall prevail.

o The following standards/guidelines are to be referred to in this Section :

BS 6031 Code of practice for earthworks

BS 812 Testing aggregates

1.11 SUBMITTALS

Information Submittals are all documentation relative to the Product and that are required
prior to the installation on site and that need to be approved by the Client/Consultant.

1.11.1 Product Data

Product Data includes performance data, operating characteristics, furnished

specialties and accessories

o Product Data shall be submitted in paper print form to be endorsed by the

Client/Consultant.

o Apply for each type of manufactured material and product indicated in the
Section “2 – Product or Material”;

1.11.2 Shop Drawings

Shop Drawings shall be submitted in paper print form to be endorsed by the

Client/Consultant.

Shop drawing shall show both existing ground level and the level of
excavation/backfill following design drawings.

1.11.3 Method Statement

Method Statement is a document detailing how a particular task or activity will be

carried out. It should detail the possible risks associated.

Method Statement shall be submitted to the Client/Consultant prior to start of

Installation or erection.

1.11.4 Samples

A sample is a unit or limited quantity of the product or the material that will be
proposed by the Contractor as demonstration or trial use, to the Client/Consultant
for validation. Refer also to Section “3.8 - Field Quality Control”.

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1.11.5 Field Construction Mock-Up

The mock-up is a scale or full-size model of the building elements, used for
demonstration by the Contractor and for validation by the Client/Consultant.

This shall be done prior to construct the building elements.

o Apply for excavation and backfill under building slab on grade

1.12 WARRANTY

Unless specified differently in the Project Manufacturer’s List approved by the Owner and
included in the Contract. Contractor shall provide a Warranty for a period of not less than
2 years starting from the substantial completion of the project.

This shall warrant that the entire system including materials, installation, workmanship
and performance will be in proper and normal function in accordance with the Contract
requirements.

1.13 PRE-INSTALLATION MEETING

The contractor shall require to schedule or attend pre-installation and construction

meetings in order to coordinate his work with the work of other contractors and the
owner. Such meeting shall be scheduled in advance of planned activities, 3 days before
installation.

1.14 CLOSE OUT SUBMITTALS

Close Out Submittals are all the technical documents that are to be submitted by the
Contractors and his supplier as are requisite for issuing the taking over certificate.

1.14.1 Product Data

Product Data includes performance data, operating characteristics, furnished

specialties and accessories.

o It shall be provided to the Client/Consultant within the As-Build

Documentation

1.14.2 Operation and Maintenance Manual

Not Applicable

1.14.3 Testing Results

Results of all performed testing shall be recorded and properly filed by system.

o The document should be provided for the Owner as part of the handover
procedure prior to certifying Practical Completion.

o Refer also to Section “3.8 - Field Quality Control”.

1.14.4 Warranty certificates

All warranty certificates shall be part of the As-Build Dossier prior to issue the

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taking over certificate

o It shall be in line with the warranty in the relevant chapter in this

specification.

1.14.5 As Built Drawing and specifications

As-Built Drawings reflect all changes made in the specifications and working
drawings during the construction process, and show the exact dimensions,
geometry, and location of all elements of the work completed under the contract.

o Revised set of drawing submitted by a contractor upon completion the works.

1.14.6 Spares and Extra Materials

Not Applicable

2 PRODUCT OR MATERIALS

All fill material shall be either suitable excavated material or suitable imported material. It is
expected that material from excavations can be used as fill material, subject to screening (as
confirmed by the geo-technical investigations). If not suitable, the material shall be taken from a
borrow pit approved by owner and the local Authorities.

2.1 AGGREGATE FOR BACKFILL

Filling materials shall be tested and approved by the Client/Consultant. The table below
indicates the materials suitable for backfill works.

Sand fraction
Plasticity Suitability
Soil type (2-0.05mm) per
index
% of weight
Light clayed sand, coarse grain >50% 1-7 Extremely suitable
Light clayed sand >50% 1-7 suitable
Light clayed loan >40% 7-12 suitable
Heavy clayed loan >40% 12-17 suitable
Light clay >40% 17-27 suitable

The 30cm-thick uncompacted material layer on the filling shall meet the following
requirements:

Liquid limit: max. 55

Plasticity index: max. 18

CBR (04 days soaking): min. 8%

2.2 AGGREGATE FOR BASE COURSE

Base course material shall be crushed Basalt aggregate or an approved Andesite and is to
conform to the following grading limits:

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Grading Limits Table

Test Sieve Percentage by Weight Passing
19 mm 100 %
9.5 mm 65-85 %
4.75 mm 50-65 %
2.36 mm 40-52 %
1.18 mm 29-43 %
600 micron 20-32 %
300 micron 13-23 %
150 micron 8-16 %
75 micron 4-10 %
Crushing Resistance - (10% fines) not less than 11 ton.
Weathering Resistance - CB or better
Sand Equivalent - Not less than 25

3 EXECUTION

3.1 DESIGN AND ENGINERING

Not Applicable

3.2 PROCUREMENT

Not Applicable

3.3 FACTORY MANUFACTURING

Not Applicable

3.4 FACTORY FINISHING

Not Applicable

3.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

In general, all materials should be delivered, stored and handled in a manner that protects
them from damage, moisture, dirt and intrusion of foreign materials. Ordering and
delivery of materials should be planned according to the work progress to minimise
storage on site, where there are higher possibilities of damages and deterioration of
materials.

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3.5.1 Aggregates

The Contractor shall ensure that adequate supplies of the approved aggregates are
available prior to commencing work and shall at all times maintain on site
quantities of each type of aggregate to be sufficient to ensure continuity of work.

Each type of aggregate shall be separately transported and stored, and shall not be
contaminated with any other type of aggregate or any other material. Where two
types of aggregate are stored next to each other, they shall be separated by a wall
or plate. The floor of storage areas shall be of concrete or other approved material
having sufficient slope to ensure drainage of surplus water. Regular cleaning of
aggregate bins shall be carried out to remove accumulated dust. Wet aggregate
shall be kept on site for at least 24 hours to ensure adequate drainage before
being used.

3.5.2 Other Materials

All other materials shall be stored in such a manner as to protect them from
deterioration and contamination from whatever source.

3.5.3 Rejected Materials

All materials which are unidentified, or do not comply with this Specification shall
be removed from the site immediately.

3.6 PREPARATION

3.6.1 Clearing

The area within a plant boundary shall be cleared of all material above and at the
natural ground surface. Material to be cleared shall include trees, brush, rubbish,
vegetation and obstruction. However, in certain areas to be specified by Owner,
tree and brush may be retained and preserved. Removal of filled timber requires
owner permission.

3.6.2 Site Clearance

The entire area within the limits of clearing shall be grubbed of all stumps and
roots, and cleared of filled timber in accordance with all local regulatory
requirements.

3.6.3 Stripping

Topsoil shall be stripped from the areas shown on the drawings, or as directed by
owner. The average depth of stripping shall be 400 mm below the existing ground
level or as determined on the site. The top soil shall be stored in stockpiles
separate from other excavated material. The top 250 mm of stripped topsoil (rich)
shall be stockpiled separately from lower-level subsoil. Care shall be taken not to
mix topsoil with subsoil.

3.6.4 Demolition

When specified on project drawings and/or in contract documents, redundant

buildings and structures shall be demolished with all debris removed from site. All

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underground structure and chambers shall be removed, and the resulting

excavation filled with compacted acceptable material.

3.6.5 Disposal

Debris from demolition, clearing and grubbing operations shall be removed to

disposal areas designated by contractor.

3.6.6 Contaminated soils and Contaminants

If contaminated soil or contaminated areas are encountered, the contaminated

material shall be removed to a safe and secure place designated by owner.

3.6.7 Haul Road Maintenance and Reinstatement

Contractor shall maintain the haul roads to/from the project site throughout his
project duration. Existing roads or surfaces shall be protected from heavy vehicles
and shall be repaired immediately if damaged.

Contractor shall reinstate the existing services and facilities to their original
condition if they are temporary removed or relocated for new constructions.

3.6.8 Protection

 Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities from

damage caused by settlement, lateral movement, undermining, washout, and
other hazards created by excavation/backfill operations.

 Prepare subgrade for excavation/backfill operations including removal of

vegetation, topsoil, debris, obstructions, and deleterious materials from
ground surface.

 Protect and maintain erosion and sedimentation controls during earthwork

operations.

 Prevent surface water and ground water from entering excavations, from
ponding on prepared subgrades, and from flooding Project site and
surrounding area.

 Protect subgrades from softening, undermining, washout, and damage by rain

or water accumulation.

3.6.9 Ground water control

Where bulk or local excavation will extend below the ground water table,
measures shall be taken to lower the ground water table to at least 0.5 m below
the excavation level. Lowering of the water table shall be carried out from a level
of not less than 0.5 m above the water table, so that at no time shall there be a
positive hydraulic gradient into the excavation. The ground water table shall be
continuously maintained at least 0.5 m below the formation grade until the
foundations are constructed and backfilled.

The lowering of ground water shall be accomplished by such measures as

perimeter and internal ditches, sump pumps extending sufficiently below the

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bottom of the excavation, or by other suitable measures, which is necessary to

maintain the ground water level at least 0.5 m below the bottom of excavation.

Lowering the ground water level by pumping from the bottom of the excavation
shall not be allowed. Where pounding of water occurs at the bottom of
excavation, the water shall be removed by gravity drainage to the perimeter,
internal ditches or by sump pumped. Contractor shall develop a detailed ground
water control plan, and submit it to owner for approval prior to the
commencement of bulk or local excavation.

During the site preparation phase, contractor shall provide adequate temporary
drainage facilities to prevent flooding or pond forming inside the project site.
Made or silt shall be thoroughly removed at sediment control basin before
discharging to the public water.

Non-contaminated water may be directly soaked away to the sub-ground.

The surface waters protection System, relative to the outside of the plant and
consisting of a flood control system (anti-flood channels), is not part of the scope
of works.

3.7 APPLICATION AND EXECUTION

3.7.1 Excavation for structure

Common excavation shall mean any excavated material. All common excavations
shall be classified as suitable or unsuitable material for use as fills.

Excavate to indicated elevations and dimensions within a tolerance indicated in

the Section “3.8 – Fields qualify control”. If applicable, extend excavations a
sufficient distance from structures for placing and removing concrete formwork,
for installing services and other construction, and for inspections.

Bottom of excavation for footing, foundation, underground water tank, M&E

trenches shall not be disturbed by the work of Contractor.

3.7.2 General backfill for structure

Place and compact backfill in excavations promptly, but not before completing the
following:

 Construction below finish grade including, where applicable, sub-drainage,

damp-proofing, waterproofing, and perimeter insulation.

 Surveying locations of underground utilities for Record Documents.

 Testing and inspecting underground utilities.

 Removing concrete formwork.

 Removing trash and debris.

Place backfill on subgrades free of mud.

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Materials shall be complied with Section “2.1 – Aggregate for backfill”.

3.7.3 Stockpiling and Borrow Fill

Stockpiling

Excavated materials, which are to be used as fill or backfill at a later stage, shall be
selected, transported and stockpiled at locations and in a manner agreed by
owner.

All permits required by owner and local Authorities and all charges involved in
working the stockpiling site (such as stripping, removal fee and taxes, maintenance
of access tracks, signing and cleaning of road crossings), are part of the work.

Borrow Fill

Suitable fill material can be imported from borrow sites. All permits required by
local Authorities and owner, all charges involved in working the borrow sites (such
as stripping, removal fee and taxes, maintenance of access tracks, signing and
cleaning of road crossings), are part of the work. It is contractor's responsibility to
identify all required borrow sources.

3.7.4 Base course layer construction

General

Base course layer shall be constructed under concrete slab in accordance with the
details shown on the Drawings.

Materials shall be complied with Section “2.2 – Aggregate for Base course”.

Platform

Contractor shall prepare a platform before executing the base course. This
platform could be the existing ground or sub-base course with the approved sand
layer by Client/Consultant.

The Contractor shall allow to adjust the prepared level and roll the surface with 12
passes from a 8 tonne vibrating roller approved by the Client/Consultant.

Compaction of platform refer to Drawings.

Thickness of base course

Where the base course layer is detailed as having an overall compacted thickness
of 150mm or less, the sub-base course aggregate shall be placed as a single layer.

Where the overall compacted thickness is detailed as being greater than 150mm,
then the sub-base course aggregate shall be placed in layers of equal thickness
with each layer being not more than 150mm or less than 100 mm in thickness.

Spreading and Compaction

Field compaction trials shall be conducted to determine the most suitable

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compaction equipment (including vibrator rollers) for the conditions that are likely
to pertain during the construction period, taking into account each material type:

 Soil-moisture content

 Thickness of layer

 Number of passes

 Variability in the grading of the material

Base course aggregate shall be placed in tailing out from trucks to form layers of
uniform thickness that when compacted, will be true to the grades or levels
required.

Trucks, whether laden or unladen shall not be permitted to traverse the bare
upgrade.

Spreading by graders will not be permitted.

The least surface disturbance possible shall be made during the shaping and
compacting process.

The laying procedures shall be carried out in a manner to minimize segregation

and the use of graders shall be restricted to essential shaping and final trimming.

Maintenance

The finished base course surface shall, at all times prior to sealing, be maintained
true to grade and cross-section by watering as required, trimming, planning, rolling
and by taking appropriate measures to ensure the even distribution of traffic.

Every precaution shall be taken to ensure that the surface of the base course does
not pothole, ravel, rut or become uneven, but should any of these conditions
become apparent, the surface shall be patched with suitable aggregate or
completely scarified and re-compacted to the entire satisfaction of the Client.

Any defects or damage of any nature caused by the operation of the Contractor
during the construction or maintenance of the base course shall be made good
immediately by the Contractor.

3.8 FIELDS QUALITY CONTROL

Site Inspections are measures aimed at checking, measuring or testing one or more
products characteristics to confirm its compliance with the specifications and drawings
such inspections are described within an Inspection and Test Plan.

o Inspection and test Plan is to be submitted by the Contractor. Approval by

Client/Consultant is to be obtained prior to Execution.

3.8.1 Base course aggregate testing

Prior to Delivery

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Prior to the delivery of aggregate for base course, the Contractor shall deliver to
the Client the results of quality control tests carried out by a registered testing
laboratory in accordance with Standards to confirm compliance with the
requirements specified in Section “2.2 – Aggregate for Base course”.

During Construction

During the construction, the Contractor shall arrange for quality control testing of
the aggregates delivered to the site to be carried out by a registered testing
laboratory in accordance Standards to confirm compliance with the requirements
specified in Section “2.2 – Aggregate for Base course”.

Frequency of test

Aggregate testing shall be carried out at a minimum frequency of one complete

set of tests for every 1000 cubic metres of aggregate delivered to the site of the
Works.

Sampling

Any time during the base course layer construction the Client reserves the right to
sample aggregate materials at the site of the Works and have tests carried out to
verify compliance of the aggregate with the requirements specified in this
specified in Section “2.2 – Aggregate for Base course”.

Failure of any aggregate material to meet the specified requirements may result in
the Client ordering the removal of such material from the site of the Works.

3.8.2 Platform testing

3.8.3 Base course layer testing

Compaction

• Test rolling of the sub-grade with an 8-10 tonne steel-wheeled roller.

 Testing proof that the platform has reached the compaction factor specified
in the Drawings but not less than 0.90.

• Testing proof that the base course has reached the compaction factor
specified in the Drawings but not less than 0.95.

Surface Finish

The finished base course surface shall conform to the levels, gradients and
crossfalls indicated in the Drawings.

The surface shall be smooth and tight and, when broomed, shall present a
mosaic pattern of large and small aggregate particles well bonded with fines.

Tolerance of base course surface refers to Section “3.9 – Tolerance”.

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3.8.4 Further Testing

Should any section of the under slab construction fail to meet the above specified
criteria, additional Benkelman beam tests shall be carried out at closer intervals as
directed by the Client to define areas of excessive deflection.

The Client may then direct that the Contractor arrange for further testing to be
carried out on the under slab construction in the defined area of excessive
deflection to verify that:

 The actual thickness of the base course layers complies with the design
thickness shown on the typical cross section drawings.

 The base course material complies with the specified requirements for
grading and plasticity given in Section “2.2 – Aggregate for Base course”.

 The in-situ dry density of the base course is not less than 102% of the
maximum dry density as determined by test on representative samples of the
materials.

Testing Results

Should the results of the above tests prove satisfactory, the Client may authorize
that surfacing proceeds, or he may direct that an additional thickness of base
course overlay be placed and compacted on specified sections of pavement.

Should the results of the above tests not prove satisfactory the Client may define a
section of the underslab construction which he requires the base course layers to
be completely excavated and reconstructed in accordance with this Specification.

3.9 TOLERANCES

The tolerance of excavation and backfill needs to follow the relevant Standards specified in
Section “1.10 – Standards” but not less than the following requirements.

3.9.1 Excavation level

Shall not less than 25mm from the (excavation) executed level to the (excavation)
designed level.

3.9.2 Platform level for base course

Shall not less than 100mm from the (platform) executed level to the (platform)
designed level.

3.9.3 Based course level

Finished level of the base course shall be within a tolerance of 10mm low to 5mm
high when compared to the design level, provided that the average level shall not
be higher than the average design level.

In addition, the base course surface shall not show any irregularity greater than
5mm when tested with a 3 meter straight edge.

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3.10 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING

Testing and Commissioning is the process of assuring that all systems and components of a
building or industrial plant are design, installed and tested according to the operational
requirements of the owner.

3.10.1 Inspection

Should the finished surface be loose or “bony”, the Client in his absolute discretion
will either require the whole of the base course in a particular area to be taken up,
replaced and recompacted or he may permit any small areas to be tightened up
with the addition of a small amount of approved binder fraction followed by just
sufficient watering to ensure optimum compaction.

3.10.2 Acceptance of Base course

The base course area will be considered acceptable for surfacing if the results of at
least 20 deflection measurements meet the following criteria:

 Not more than 5% of the deflection exceeds 1.0mm,

 No single deflection exceeds 1.5mm.

In addition, the compaction test refer to Section “3.8 – Fields qualify control”
will be archived.

4 DEMONSTRATION AND TRAINING

Not applicable

5 OUTLINE SPECIFICATIONS

No outline specification is available for this specification

END OF SECTION

Copyright @archetype-group

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