Department of Mathematics

Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi

MA103 Mathematics-I, Session: (MO-20)
Assignment - 3 (Module III)

1. Using  − δ approach, show that

x2 + 2y = 5


a) lim
(x,y)→(1,2)

xy(x2 − y 2 )
b) lim =0
(x,y)→(0,0) (x2 + y 2 )

2. Show that the limit does not exist in each case

xy 3
a) lim
(x,y)→(0,0) (x2 + y 6 )

x3 + y 3
b) lim
(x,y)→(0,0) (x − y)
xy
c) lim
(x,y)→(0,0) (x + y 2 )
2

2xy 2
d) lim
(x,y)→(0,0) (x2 + y 4 )

3. Investigate the continuity at (0, 0) of

 2 2
 x − y , (x, y) 6= (0, 0)
a) f (x, y) = x2 + y 2
0, (x, y) = (0, 0)

 4 4
 2x + 3y , (x, y) 6= (0, 0)
b) f (x, y) = x2 + y 2
0, (x, y) = (0, 0)

2 2
 2x(x − y ) , (x, y) 6= (0, 0)


c) f (x, y) = x2 + y 2
0, (x, y) = (0, 0)

 3 3
 x + y , (x, y) 6= (0, 0)
4. Show that the function f (x, y) = x−y is discontinuous at origin but possesses
0, (x, y) = (0, 0)

partial derivatives fx and fy at every point, including origin.

 xy , x 6= y


5. Let f (x, y) = x2 + y 2
0, x=y
(i) show that fx (0, 0) and fy (0, 0) exist (ii) but the function f is not continuous at (0, 0).
 2 2
 x + y , x 6= y
6. Let f (x, y) = |x| + |y|
0, x=y

(i) show that fx (0, 0) and fy (0, 0) do not exist (ii) but the function f is continuous at (0, 0).
2 2
 xy(x − y , x 6= y


7. Let f (x, y) = x2 + y 2 , show that fxy (0, 0) 6= fyx (0, 0).

0, x=y

 8. Verify that uxy = uyx when

a) u(x, y) = ex + x ln y + y ln x
3
b) u(x, y) = (x2 + y 2 ) 2
c) u(x, y) = x sin y + y sin x + xy

xyz ∂ 3u
9. If u = e find .
∂x∂y∂z
∂z ∂z xz
10. If z = yf (x2 − y 2 ), show that y +x =
∂x ∂y y
∂u ∂u ∂u
11. If u = f (y − z, x − y, z − x), show that + + =0
∂x ∂y ∂z
 2
∂2 ∂2 1

2 2 2 2 ∂
12. If r = x + y + z , prove that + + =0
∂x2 ∂y 2 ∂z 2 r
√ √ 
−1 x− y ∂u ∂u
13. If u = sin √ √ , show that x +y =0
x+ y ∂x ∂y
 3
x + y3 + z3

−1 ∂u ∂u ∂u
14. If u = sin , show that x +y +z = 2 tan u
ax + by + cz ∂x ∂y ∂z
 2
x + y2

∂u ∂u
15. If u = log , show that x +y =1
x+y ∂x ∂y
 1/3
x + y 1/3 2
∂ 2u 2
tan u 13 tan2 u
  
−1 2∂ u 2∂ u
16. If u = sin , show that x + 2xy +y = +
x1/2 + y 1/2 ∂x2 ∂x∂y ∂y 2 12 12 12
∂ 2u ∂ 2u 00 1 0
17. If u = f (r), where r2 = x2 + y 2 , show that 2
+ 2 = f (r) + f (r).
∂x ∂y r
1
18. If u = f (x, y), where x = r cos(θ), y = r sin(θ), then show that (fx )2 + (fy )2 = (ur )2 + (uθ )2
r2
2 2 2 2 ∂ 2v ∂ 2v ∂ 2v d2 v 2 dv
19. If v is a function of r alone, where r = x + y + z , show that + + = 2+
∂x2 ∂y 2 ∂z 2 dr r dr
∂ 2v ∂ 2v
20. Transform + into polar coordinate system.
∂x2 ∂y 2
21. Show that the following functions satisfy the Laplace equation fxx + fyy = 0

− 12
a) f (x, y, z) = x2 + y 2 + z 2
b) f (x, y) = e−2y cos(2x)
c) f (x, y, z) = e3x+4y cos(5z)
d) f (x, y, z) = 2z 3 − 3(x2 + y 2 )z
∂ 2u ∂ 2u ∂ 2u ∂ 2u
 
∂u
22. x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ. Prove that r − = xy − − (x2 − y 2 ) =0
∂r∂θ ∂θ ∂x2 ∂y 2 ∂x∂y
∂w
23. Find , when t = 1, s = −1, where w = (x + y + z)2 and x = t − s, y = cos(t + s), z = sin(t + s)
∂t
∂w ∂w
24. Find and at the given point (u, v)
∂u ∂v
  
1
a) w = (xy + yz + zx), x = u + v, y = u − v, z = uv; (u, v) = ,1
2
b) w = ln(x2 + y 2 + z 2 ), x = uev sin u, y = uev cos u, z = uev ; (u, v) = (−2, 0)
∂(φ, ψ)
25. If φ = x2 − 2y 2 , ψ = 2x2 − y 2 and x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ then = 6r2 sin(2θ)
∂(r, θ)
∂(F, G, H)
26. If F = x + 3y 2 − z 3 , G = 2x2 yz and H = 2z 2 − xy evaluate at (1, −1, 0).
∂(x, y, z)
x2 + y 2 + z 2 x2 + y 2 + z 2 x2 + y 2 + z 2 ∂(x, y, z)
27. If u = , v= and w = find .
x y z ∂(u, v, w)

28. Show that the functions u = x + y + z, v = xy + yz + zx and w = x3 + y 3 + z 3 − 3xyz are not

independent, but they are related by the equation u3 = 3uv + w.

29. Expand the following function in powers of x and y upto the terms containing third degree

a) f (x, y) = ex cos y
b) f (x, y) = ex sin y

30. Expand the following functions by Taylor’s Theorem

 π
a) f (x, y) = sin(xy) in power of (x − 1) and y − up to the terms containing third degree.
2
b) f (x, y) = x2 y + ex + sin(y) in power of (x − 1) and (y − π) up to the terms containing second
degree.

31. Examine the following functions for extreme values

a) f = x3 + y 3 − 63(x + y) + 12xy
b) f = x3 + y 3 + 3xy
c) f = x3 − y 3 − 2xy + 6
1 1
d) f = + xy +
x y
e) f = y 2 + x2 y + x4 at (0, 0)

32. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of f (x, y) = 2x2 + y 2 − 4x − 4y + 1 on the closed
triangular plate bounded by the lines x = 0, y = 2, y = 2x in the first quadrant.

33. Find the maximum and minimum of x2 + y 2 + z 2 subject to the condition xyz = a3 .

34. Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x, y, z) = x − 2y + 5z on the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 30.

35. Find the maximum value of f (x, y) = xyz subject to the condition xy + 2yz + 2zx = 108

36. Find the maximum and minimum values of f (x, y) = x2 +y 2 subject to the condition 3x2 +4xy +6y 2 =
140

37. Find the extreme values of f = x2 + y 2 + z 2 subject to the condition lx + my + nz = p