Final Research Delta

VINCENTIAN CATHOLIC ACADEMY, INC.
– SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS STRAND
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Introduction
In recent years, the global community came to
understand the importance of sustainable practices in a
number of domains, including daily living. Drying clothes
was one sector that was ready for sustainable advances. It
was a process that was demanding and common in homes all
around the world. There were some environmental drawbacks to
traditional clothes drying methods, such as electric dryers
and gas-powered dryers. As stated by Welles (2023), to dry a
load of clothes, electric dryers needed more electricity.
Power plants required more power generation to make up for
the increased electricity consumed. Eventually, this ended
up resulting in them using more fossil fuels, emitting more
greenhouse gases, and causing climate change.
In addition to that, Kapp et al. (2020) stated that
electric clothes dryers brought a potentially large number
of synthetic and non-synthetic microfibers from garments and
household textiles to our environment. These microfibers,
which were often too small to be filtered out by wastewater
treatment plants, might contribute to environmental
contamination and potentially damage ecosystems and animals.
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VINCENTIAN CATHOLIC ACADEMY, INC. – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
They endangered aquatic life when consumed because they
could build up in marine animals' digestive systems, causing
blockages, starvation, and other health problems.
Furthermore, microfibers could adsorb hazardous compounds
from their surroundings, magnifying their impact as they
passed down the food chain. Their widespread presence in the
environment raised concerns about human health as these
fibers might infiltrate the food chain and accumulate in
human tissues over time. This implied that the widespread
use of microfibers from electric clothes dryers showed the
critical need for sustainable practices and technological
solutions to reduce their discharge and environmental
impact.
As a sustainable response to these difficulties, the
search for alternative drying methods was conducted, and
portable drying machines came into existence. This study
examined the way portable clothes dryers promoted
environmentally friendly drying methods. In comparison to
traditional drying techniques, this study looked at how well
portable dryers reduced energy use and environmental impact
in an effort to gain insight into the potential of these
devices as a sustainable household alternative. This study
aimed to clarify the advantages and difficulties of portable
clothes dryers by synthesizing the findings of existing
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studies, gathering data, and doing a thorough analysis. This
study attempted to provide helpful recommendations for both
homes and manufacturers by looking at user satisfaction,
energy efficiency factors, and environmental factors. The
main objective was to encourage widespread adoption of
portable clothes dryers in order to lessen the impact that
drying clothes had on the environment and to help create a
more sustainable future.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Foreign Literature
The Concept and Advantages of Portable Dryer
The advancement of convenience as well as
sustainability had been the focus of an increasing number of
advancements in home appliances. The portable dryer stood
out among these innovations as a portable and effective
laundry care option. As stated by Clark (2021), a portable
dryer could be described as an improved version of a
standard dryer. This implied that a portable dryer was a
more compact version of the standard dryer. A portable dryer
was more adaptable and smaller than its larger counterpart,
which made it ideal for a variety of situations where spaces
were small. It was smaller in size, but it still had all the
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features of a standard dryer, so also demonstrated how
versatile and useful portable dryers were in meeting the
drying needs of modern customers.
Furthermore, in the midst of an ongoing flow of
developments in home appliance innovation aimed at enhancing
sustainability and convenience, portable dryers stood out as
an important option for successful laundry care. According
to Morus Innovation (2023), portable clothes dryers were
perfect for travel because they were small and light. This
suggested that portable dryers were easy to carry and
lightweight, which made them ideal for travelers who needed
to dry their clothes on their travels. They were
particularly appropriate for small living areas or
circumstances where typical dryer solutions would not have
been practical due to their compact size.
Moreover, in accordance with the growing trend of
sustainability and convenience in home appliances, portable
dryers had emerged as a significant solution for effective
laundry care. A portable dryer came in quite handy, making
it incredibly convenient to dry headwear accessories,
gloves, etc., in tight spaces, especially when on the go, as
stated by Harpit (2022). This indicated how useful portable
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dryers were for people who traveled frequently or led active
lifestyles. They solved the problems of space limits and
provided rapid and efficient drying due to their tiny size
and portability, which made them a convenient alternative
for drying small objects on road trips.
In addition to that, portable dryers had developed as
an important alternative for optimal laundry care, aligning
with the current emphasis on sustainability and convenience
in household equipment. According to Esteem Research (2023),
a lightweight, portable, and compact electric clothes dryer
was ideal for travel, camping, and limited spaces. These
characteristics made them perfect for a variety of uses,
such as travel and camping excursions, as well as compact
living spaces where conventional dryers could not fit. In
essence, portable electric clothes dryers met the needs of
people who wanted efficiency and flexibility in their
laundry care routines by providing a handy way to dry
laundry in a variety of locations.
Added to that, in line with the growing trend toward
sustainability and convenience in household appliances,
Kelsey (2023) stated that having a portable dryer allowed
you to conveniently dry clothing from the comfort of your
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home. This proved that those who would have rather dried
their clothing at home without the inconvenience of a usual,
permanent dryer setup could find a suitable option in
portable dryers. It highlighted the ease of use and
practicality of incorporating portable dryer technology into
regular laundry routines, improving user comfort and
convenience.
Apart from that, in keeping with the discussion of
practical and environmentally friendly home appliances,
Morus Innovation (2023) stated that portable dryers could
also have been used in dorms, apartments, or any other
living space without a standard dryer. This emphasized the
usefulness of portable dryers as diverse solutions for
people looking for effective laundry options in limited
living spaces. Portable dryers met the needs of modern
households looking for both convenience and sustainability
in their appliance selection by providing a viable
alternative to standard dryers.
Furthermore, according to Cherem (2024), small dryer
machines led the way with superior energy-saving
capabilities. This meant that these machines were designed
to use less energy while still providing efficient laundry
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solutions. With their small size and environmentally
friendly construction, they were a practical and sustainable
solution for modern households looking for efficient drying
options, especially in areas where traditional appliances
might not have been possible.
In addition to that, portable clothes dryers used less
energy than standard dryers, as stated by Morus Innovation
(2023). This decreased energy consumption could have been
due to their smaller size, which usually resulted in lower
power requirements. Furthermore, technological and design
developments might have contributed to their energy
efficiency, allowing portable dryers to dry clothing
effectively while using less electricity. As a result, using
a portable clothes dryer instead of a standard one could not
only have saved energy, but it might also have saved on
utility expenses and contributed to environmental
sustainability.
Compact appliances not only offered growing demand for
sustainable and practical laundry options, particularly in
environments where traditional appliances posed challenges
to quick drying solutions. Furthermore, Marie (2023) stated
that although portable dryers were small, they were designed
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to dry your clothing quickly. This indicated that, despite
the compact size of portable dryers, they were designed to
dry garments efficiently and quickly. This economy was most
likely accomplished by unique design features and modern
technology that enhanced drying performance while leaving a
small footprint. It also emphasized the practicality and
efficacy of portable dryers by emphasizing their rapid
drying capabilities, making them an appealing option for
anyone looking for efficient washing solutions, especially
in situations where space was restricted.
One of the issues with using a standard dryer was that
the clothing was frequently damaged, resulting in rippling.
Furthermore, according to Marie (2023), portable dryers
ensured that your clothing was properly dried without
causing damage or shrinkage. This meant that portable dryers
included features that not only dried clothes thoroughly but
also secured them from damage or shrinkage. This dedication
to maintaining the integrity of garments reflected the
careful engineering and attention to detail that went into
the building of portable dryers. Portable dryers provided
users with peace of mind by focusing on both effectiveness
and garment care, ensuring that their clothes came from the
drying cycle in great condition.
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Local Literature
The Features and Impacts of Portable Dryer
In today's fast-paced world, convenience and efficiency
were paramount, especially when it came to household chores.
Enter the portable mini dryer, a compact and lightweight
appliance that revolutionized the way we dry our clothes. As
stated by Pangan (2023), a lightweight, portable mini dryer
was a device that could dry clothes quickly and effectively.
This implied that portable mini dryers offered several
advantages over traditional drying methods. Firstly, they
were compact and lightweight, suggesting easy storage and
portability, making them suitable for small living spaces or
on-the-go use. Secondly, the emphasis on drying clothes
quickly and efficiently suggested that these appliances were
efficient in their performance, saving time and effort for
users. Lastly, highlighting their energy efficiency implied
that portable mini dryers were environmentally friendly and
cost-effective, as they consumed less electricity compared
to larger, conventional dryers.
Added to that, in the realm of modern laundry
appliances, the portable dryer stood out as a marvel of
convenience and efficiency. According to Doydora (2021),
when the portable dryer was turned on, the heating element
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warmed up, creating heat in the dryer. When the dryer got
hot, a fan inside the portable dryer blew heat further into
the dryer, tumble-drying the clothes. It indicated that this
combination of heat and airflow facilitated the tumble-
drying process, effectively removing moisture from the
clothes placed inside the dryer. It outlined the process by
which the dryer functioned.
On top of that, an increasing number of advances in
home appliances had focused on improving convenience and
sustainability. In the realm of modern convenience, the
clothes dryer stood as a humble yet indispensable marvel of
household technology. Furthermore, Gula (2022) stated that a
clothes dryer was a very simple appliance that used a
combination of air, motion, and heat to evaporate the
moisture from wet, laundered fabrics to make them dry. This
indicated that the process of drying clothes with a clothes
dryer was straightforward and relied on three main
components: air, motion, and heat. Firstly, air was
circulated within the dryer to facilitate the evaporation of
moisture from the wet fabrics. Secondly, the motion of the
dryer drum helped to disperse moisture evenly and prevented
clothes from clumping together, ensuring thorough drying.
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Finally, heat was applied to raise the temperature within
the dryer, aiding in the evaporation process.
Furthermore, in the world of current laundry solutions,
the portable clothes dryer stood out as a multipurpose and
essential appliance that provided a convenient and efficient
laundry care solution. According to Alimondo (2018), a
portable clothes dryer had conventional clothing care
functions such as moisture, mildew, moth, sterilization, and
removal of lightweight clothing. Right after the washing
function, this product adopted the P.T.C. (positive
temperature coefficient), including the advantages of gentle
heating technology, low power, high thermal efficiency,
safety, and reliability. This implied that the portable
clothes dryer combined traditional garment care
functionalities with modern heating technology to provide
users with effective and convenient solutions for drying and
caring for their clothes.
Apart from that, drying was an essential process in
many industries, but it was important to be aware of the
environmental impact and take steps to improve efficiency.
According to Gutierrez (2023), drying contributed to several
environmental impacts mainly associated with its heat or
electricity requirements. This implied that drying, whether
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done with heat or electricity, could have had a significant
impact on the environment. This was due to the fact that
energy needed for drying frequently originated from non-
renewable sources, increasing carbon emissions and other
environmental impacts.
In addition, Tabag (2018) stated that drying
technologies generally relied on drying processes driven by
using hot air, where these processes had significantly high
energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. It implied
that the majority of drying methods relied on hot air-driven
procedures, which unfavorably required a significant amount
of energy and produced greenhouse gas emissions. As a result
of the high energy use and emissions involved in these
procedures, the use of hot air for drying raised
environmental concerns. Therefore, it was important that
more environmentally friendly drying technologies be
developed and implemented in order to lessen these negative
effects on the environment.
Additionally, compact appliances were a useful option
for drying clothing in a variety of environments because of
their simplicity of use and energy-saving features.
According to Retamal (2017), portable dryers’ modest size
and lack of installation or venting requirements made them
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ideal for any environment. This pointed out the unique
benefits of portable dryers, highlighting their small size
and low installation and venting requirements, which made
them appropriate for a variety of settings. Because of their
more compact size and easier setup, portable dryers provided
unmatched flexibility in comparison to standard dryers,
which frequently required large amounts of space and complex
ventilation systems. Because of their compact size, they
were especially desirable for smaller living areas like dorm
rooms, apartments, or recreational vehicles (RVs), where
installing traditional dryers might not have been possible
or useful. Furthermore, because of their adaptability, they
could have been used in transitory or mobile environments,
making laundry chores easier in places where permanent
fixtures were not available or practical. This review
highlighted the portability and flexibility of portable
dryers, presenting them as an affordable and effective
answer for a range of drying requirements.
Moreover, Pabillian (2023) stated that by increasing
the energy efficiency of your house, you could reduce your
dependency on carbon-intensive power plants by using less
electricity. Generally, your home used less electricity when
it was more energy-efficient. Power facilities that produced
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energy using carbon-heavy fuels like coal or natural gas
were therefore in less demand. The attempts to promote
environmental sustainability were helped by this decrease in
demand, which lowered carbon emissions related to the
production of power.
Furthermore, Castillo (2023) stated that a household
energy-consumption survey in three Philippine cities found
that modern fuels dominated energy consumption, with
traditional fuels still a significant portion. The shift
towards more efficient fuels had occurred gradually, but
high costs hindered the transition. Energy use in urban
households was expected to rise over the next decade due to
population increases, economic growth, and global appliance
acquisition trends.
Along with that, according to a study by Sumalde (2016),
improving energy efficiency in clothes dryers could have
been achieved by analyzing a commercial Frigidaire dryer.
Through an analysis of the functioning processes and energy
consumption trends of this particular dryer model, the study
aimed at identifying potential areas for enhancement. The
research suggested ways to maximize energy use without
sacrificing drying performance by identifying inefficiencies
and comprehending how energy was used throughout the drying
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process. This study emphasized the value of focused analysis
and creativity in increasing the energy efficiency of
domestic appliances such as laundry dryers.
Relevance of the Related Studies to Present Studies
The study on the environmental effects of sustainable
textile product care emphasized the limited data consumers
had access to when making decisions about sustainable
consumption and product care. It sought to create methods
for evaluating the financial and environmental effects of
caring for textile products, with an emphasis on carbon
dioxide emissions and energy costs associated with drying
and ironing processes. The study assessed how durable press
finishes and quick-drying qualities affected product
maintenance, with a focus on how these attributes influenced
carbon dioxide emissions and utility costs.
The findings showed that because these fabrics had less
water in them after being spun to remove moisture, they used
less electricity when tumble-dried. Furthermore, because
they left less water in wet clothing, greater spin speeds
had been shown to be advantageous for energy conservation
during tumble drying. Moreover, blends of polyester and
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cotton with durable-press finishes kept their smoothness
even after several washing cycles, which eliminated the need
for ironing. In particular, compared to cotton fabric, a
polyester/cotton mix with a 65/35 ratio and a durable-press
finish was found to require ironing just once every two
laundry cycles, saving a substantial amount of energy and
greenhouse gas emissions. The potential for consumer
decision-making in sustainable consumption practices was
highlighted by this research.
Building on these findings, the current study,
"Portable Dryer: Exploring its Efficiency to Promote
Sustainable Drying," aimed to look further into the
effectiveness of portable dryers in supporting sustainable
drying practices. The current study intended to give more
insights into sustainable consumption behaviors and
encourage more eco-friendly drying methods by expanding on
previous research on textile product care and its
environmental impact.
Conceptual Framework
In this part, the conceptual framework revolves around
investigating the impact of the independent variable, the
portable dryer, on the dependent variable, drying
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efficiency, with a focus on understanding the mediating role
of the fabric's characteristics, moderating role of energy
efficiency, and the control variable, which is drying time.
Energy
Efficiency
Portable Dryer
Drying
Efficiency
Fabric's
Drying Time
Characteristics
Figure 1: Conceptual Framework
The primary goal of this study was to investigate how
the portable dryer, which served as the independent
variable, affected the drying effectiveness of different
materials. Our dependent variable, the drying efficacy of
the drying process, was important in determining how
effectively the moisture content of the material being dried
was minimized.
Researchers took the properties of the fabric into
consideration as a mediating element in order to further
investigate this relationship. Characteristics of the
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fabric, such as composition, thickness, and absorbency, were
important in influencing how the drying process interacted
with the cloth. We could improve the performance of the
portable dryer for a variety of materials by investigating
how these characteristics influenced drying efficiency.
The characteristics of the fabric, such as composition,
thickness, and absorbency, were important in influencing how
the drying process interacted with the cloth. We could
improve the performance of the portable dryer for a variety
of materials by investigating how these characteristics
influenced drying efficiency.
Furthermore, in this case, energy efficiency was
indicated as a moderating variable. It influenced drying
efficiency in general as well as how the portable dryer and
drying efficiency related to one another. Individuals were
able to acquire a better understanding of the relationship
between energy efficiency and drying results by evaluating
the effectiveness of energy-saving features.
Drying time served as a control variable that provided
detail and ability between experimental factors. Researchers
could isolate the impact of other variables, including
fabric qualities and energy efficiency, on drying efficiency
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by keeping the drying process duration consistent. This
research's capacity to make significant findings on the
impact of the portable dryer on sustainable drying methods
was made possible by this control mechanism, which also
improved the reliability and validity of these findings.
Paradigm of the Study
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Identify the Gather the Use for daily

materials materials and drying in a
needed in experiment way that
building how it will consumes less
portable be used in energy,
dryer. building affordable,
portable and saves.
dryer.
The paradigm
Figure of the study
2: Paradigm focused
of the Study on the input,
process, and product of building a portable dryer through a
systematic methodology. The first step was to determine
which materials were necessary for building the portable
dryer. The next step in the procedure was to collect the
materials and conduct experiments to figure out the most
effective way to use them to build the portable dryer. This
experimental stage was essential since it enabled the
investigation of several approaches and setups to attain the
intended result. The findings of the research aimed to build
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a portable dryer that was effectively used for everyday
drying needs. In order to ensure its usefulness and efficacy
for end-users, this dryer needed to have qualities like
energy efficiency, affordability, and space-saving features.
Operational Definition of Terms
Airflow - The movement of heated air inside the dryer drum
during the drying process was studied.
Dryer - An appliance that was used to remove moisture from
clothes after they had been washed. Dryers used heat and air
circulation to evaporate the water from the clothes.
Electric dryer – A dryer that was powered by electricity.
These were the most common type of dryer in the United
States.
Microfibers - Made from materials such as polyester or nylon
with a diameter of less than 10 micrometers, they were
commonly used in textiles and fabrics due to their softness,
durability, and moisture-wicking qualities.
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Portable dryer - A small, self-contained appliance that was
used to dry clothes. Portable dryers were typically vented.
They were a good option for people who lived in apartments
or who did not have a lot of space for a full-size dryer.
Tumble Drying – A method of using a household dryer to dry
wet textiles by spinning them in a rotating drum while
heated air circulated to evaporate moisture.
Statement of the Problem
This study sought to answer the following questions:
1. How well could clothes be dried with a portable dryer?
2. How did the portable dryer affect the quality of the
clothes after undergoing drying?
3. How long did the portable dryer take to dry fabrics?
Significance of the Study
The findings of this study were beneficial to the
following groups or individuals:
Economy. This study contributed to financial savings on
operating costs and energy bills by giving consumers and
producers an idea of how to build portable dryers.
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Future Researchers. This study served as the basis or source
of ideas for their future research.
Industrial Machinery Company. This study was used by welders
under the industrial machinery company to get an idea of how
to build a portable dryer that they could use for energy-
efficient and space-saving daily drying, or they could use
it to make a portable dryer that they could market.
Rural Community. By investigating the efficiency of portable
dryers, the study provided insights into their
effectiveness, affordability, and suitability for rural
locations, ultimately helping to improve living conditions
and reduce energy usage in these areas.
STEM Students. Similar to the aforementioned future
researchers, this study served as a stepping stone and
source of ideas for future STEM students for research
purposes.
Hypotheses
A hypothesis was a speculative explanation or statement
proposed to explain a phenomenon or a series of
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observations. It acted as the beginning point for subsequent
scientific research or testing. Prior knowledge,
observations, and logical reasoning were used to develop
hypotheses, which could then be tested using empirical data.
They assisted researchers in making predictions about the
results of experiments or observations, which guided their
efforts to comprehend and explain natural processes.
Hypotheses were essentially educated predictions that drove
scientific research and knowledge discovery.
Null Hypothesis (H0): The portable dryer did not
significantly improve drying efficiency as compared to
traditional drying techniques.
Alternative Hypothesis (H1): The portable dryer was much
more efficient than traditional drying techniques.
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CHAPTER II
METHODOLOGY
The research techniques and procedures employed in the
study were described in this chapter. The research methods,
sample processes, and instruments utilized by the
researchers to carry out and produce this study were
described in detail in this part.
Research Design
The effectiveness of portable dryers in encouraging
sustainable drying practices was examined by the researchers
using a hybrid research approach that combined elements of
qualitative and quantitative methods. The task involved
building a portable dryer and developing it using machine
learning techniques. For this machine learning study, a
standard experimental design was used, which ensured
thorough testing and assessment. To validate the performance
of the portable dryer, specifically its drying capabilities,
real experiments were carried out with real data.
The experimental design was necessary for a variety of
reasons. First, it enabled controlled testing conditions,
allowing any observed effects to be confidently attributed
to the portable dryer's performance rather than external
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variables. Second, by using a standardized approach, the
researchers were able to replicate the experiments and
validate the results, improving the study's reliability and
credibility.
Furthermore, experimentation contributed to the
collection of quantitative data on drying time and moisture
removal. The qualitative assessments, such as fabric safety
evaluations, were incorporated into the experimental design
to provide a comprehensive understanding of the portable
dryer’s performance.
In summary, the experimental design was chosen to allow
for systematic investigation and validation of the portable
dryer's efficacy in sustainable drying practices. By
following rigorous experimentation, the researchers aimed to
generate strong evidence to support their findings and
contribute to the advancement of portable dryer technology.
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Materials and Instruments
Building a portable dryer was a challenging task that
required technical knowledge and approachable materials.
These compatible materials and instruments were shown in the
table below.
Table 1: Materials
IMAGE NAME FUNCTION
The cladding
material served as
the exterior
Stainless covering of the
Cladding dryer. It shielded
Sheet the internal
components from
environmental
factors such as
moisture and
physical damage
while also
contributing to the
overall visual
appeal of the
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dryer.
The aluminum
tubular material
formed the
foundational frame
structure of the
dryer. Its inherent
Aluminum strength and
tubular lightweight
properties made it
an ideal choice for
providing
structural support
and stability to
the dryer.
The 24V battery
acted as the
primary power
source for the
dryer, supplying
the necessary
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electricity for
its operation.
24V electric Its portable and
motor rechargeable
nature made it
convenient for
use in diverse
settings,
providing
consistent power
output for
efficient drying
performance.
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The bucket served as a
receptacle for collecting
water that was expelled
during the drying
process. By efficiently
containing and managing
Bucket the water runoff, the
bucket facilitated easy
drainage and maintenance
of the dryer.
The basket served as the
primary container for
holding clothes during
the drying process. Its
Basket design features
facilitated proper air
circulation and heat
distribution, ensuring
thorough and uniform
drying of the laundry
items.
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Vulcaseal is a sealing compound
used to close any openings or
gaps in the dryer's structure
where water could potentially
Vulcaseal leak out. By creating a
watertight seal, Vulcaseal
prevented moisture ingress and
maintained the dryer's
integrity, ensuring long-
lasting durability and
effectiveness.
Wires served as essential
conduits for transmitting
electricity from the battery to
the electric motor and other
American electrical components of the
Wire dryer. Their conductive
Gauge properties enabled the flow of
Wire electrical current, powering
the various functions and
operations of the dryer with
precision and reliability.
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The hose
functioned as a
conduit for
directing water
leakage away from
the dryer's
components. By
channeling water
Hose to designated
areas for disposal
or recycling, the
hose helped
prevent water
damage and ensured
the efficiency and
safety of the
drying process.
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Screws played a
pivotal role in
the assembly of
the dryer, as they
were used to
fasten various
components
together securely.
By providing
8 x 1 Metal Screw strong and
reliable
connections,
screws ensured the
structural
integrity of the
dryer, allowing it
to withstand the
stresses and
strains
encountered during
operation.
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The drill chuck
was a component
that securely
connected the
Drill Chuck electric motor to
the basket,
allowing for
rotational
movement during
operation.
Hinges are
mechanical
bearings that
connect two
swinging objects
or points,
Hinge allowing them to
move easily
relative to one
another. It served
to connect the
dryer's body and
lid.
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The 12V
maintenance-free
battery in a
portable dryer
serves as a power
source, delivering
the voltage
required to
12 Volts operate the device
maintenance free without the need
battery for constant
maintenance. It
allows the dryer
to be utilized in
a variety of
settings without
having a direct
electrical
connection.
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Table 2: Instrument
The cut off saw’s sharp blade
and adjustable settings enabled
Cut off saw precise cuts, ensuring the
proper fitting and alignment of
components in the dryer
assembly.
The Philips screwdriver was a
specialized tool designed for
tightening screws with Philips
head configurations. Its
Screw ergonomic handle and durable
Driver shaft provided the torque and
control necessary for securely
fastening screws, ensuring
reliable connections and
preventing loosening over time.
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The drill’s rotary motion
and interchangeable drill
bits allowed for precise
Drill hole placement and sizing,
ensuring optimal structural
integrity and stability.
The timer switch was an
electrical component used
to measure the drying time
Timer and control the activation
switch and deactivation of the
dryer's motor. Its
programmable settings
allowed for customizable
drying cycles, optimizing
energy efficiency and
ensuring thorough drying of
laundry item.
Rivet gun is a tool to
fasten the pieces of metal
together. The operator
Rivet gun inserts the rivets into the
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barrel by hand. The rivet
gun is ready to use once a
rivet is fed into the
barrel.
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Data Gathering Procedure
Figure 3: Data Gathering
A comprehensive data-gathering methodology was employed
by the researchers in the research, "Portable Dryer:
Exploring its Efficiency to Promote Sustainable Drying," to
assess a range of performance aspects of the dryer. In
controlled experiments, set loads of wet fabrics were put
through the dryer, and the drying time was carefully noted,
in order to evaluate drying time by mass. The researchers
were able to determine the correlation between the mass of
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the material being dried and the drying time due to their
methodical approach.
The residual moisture content of various fabric samples
was measured by the researchers both before and after drying
cycles, allowing them to conduct a thorough evaluation of
the portable dryer's drying efficacy. This made it possible
to quantitatively analyze how well the device removed
moisture from a variety of fabric types and thicknesses,
offering detailed insights into how it functioned in various
instances.
The researchers used an extensive data collection
approach to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the
portable dryer's performance in terms of drying time by
mass, drying time, and the quality of fabrics after
undergoing in portable dryer. This contribution broadened
understanding in the search for sustainable drying
solutions.
Data Analysis
After gathering data on drying time by mass, drying
effectiveness, and portability, the researchers proceeded
with a detailed analysis to draw meaningful conclusions. The
Page | 39
drying times were experimented with the use of a timer. The
timer was set and waited until it ended. The researchers
made a comparison before and after the clothes were dried in
the portable dryer to identify how long the portable dryer
could dry clothes. While fabric weight was experimented with
the use of a weighing scale. Wet clothes were put on a
weighing scale before and after being dried in a portable
dryer to identify how much moisture was removed from the
clothes. Researchers subtracted the final mass from the
initial mass, then divided the answer by the initial mass,
and multiplied it by 100(%), or simply m1 – m2
Lastly, the fabric weight was determined by thorough
observation. Researchers observed the appearance of fabric
before and after going into the portable dryer multiple
times. In general, the data analysis highlighted the
portable dryer's potential as a sustainable drying solution,
especially in situations where space or resource constraints
required efficient and versatile drying options. By
explaining its performance across important variables and
comparing it to established alternatives, the study added to
the ongoing search for sustainable and user-friendly drying
technologies.
Page | 40
CHAPTER III
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presented the data that the researchers
collected and discussed the findings of the study. The
study's conclusions were relevant to the research that
served as the researchers’ guidance. To evaluate the
product's quality and functionality, the data were studied.
The following findings were reached by the researchers
through experimenting.
Results
The researchers conducted experiments to ensure the
machine was constructed correctly and to identify any parts
needing adjustment for optimal functionality. Starting by
placing a piece of cloth in the portable dryer, the
researcher ensured it was properly positioned in the basket.
Activating the dryer using the switch, the researcher
observed as it began spinning slowly, gradually increasing
in speed, causing the cloth to rotate outward. After four
minutes, the researcher turned off the dryer to inspect the
result, and the cloth dried as expected.
Page | 41
As stated by Colgrove D. (2017), clothes could be dried
in an ordinary mechanical dryer in 10 minutes on average.
However, the real drying time could take up to 3 hours. The
kind of fabric being dried, the volume of the dryer load,
and the degree of moisture in the clothing at first all had
an impact on the variance.
Using a portable dryer, fabrics like shirts could
reduce moisture within one to four minutes. While ordinary
mechanical dryers could theoretically dry clothes in 10
minutes, the actual drying time varied based on factors such
as fabric type, dryer load, and initial moisture,
potentially taking 2–3 hours. This indicated that portable
dryers had a faster drying time than ordinary mechanical
dryers.
1. Drying Time
Fabrics such as shirts have lowered the moisture
content within 1 – 4 minutes.
2.Clothes’ Weight
The table below showed the weight of the clothes before
(initial weight) and after (final weight) undergoes a

x 100 (%).
m1
portable dryer and the amount of water removed from the
clothes. The amount of water removed is calculated by
Page | 42
subtracting the final mass from the initial mass, then
divided the answer by the initial mass, and multiplied it by
100, or simply m1 – m2
Table 3: Clothes’ Observation Before and After Undergoing in

a Portable Dryer
Initial Weight Final Weight Amount of
(grams) (grams) Water
Removed (%)
250 grams 100 grams 60%
Page | 43
m
1
Table 4: Computation of the Amount of Water Removed from

Clothes
Initial Final Computation Amount of

Weight Weight (g = grams) Moisture
(grams) (grams) Removed
(%)
m1 – m2
× 100 (%)
250g – 100g = 150g

150g ÷ 250g = 0.6g
0.6g × 100(%) = 60%

m1 – m2
× 100 (%)
500g – 200g = 300g

300g ÷ 500g = 0.6g
0.6g × 100(%) = 60%

m1 – m2
× 100 (%)
750g – 250g = 500g

500g ÷ 750g = 0.67g
0.67g × 100(%) = 67%

m1 – m2
× 100 (%)
1000g – 400g = 600g

600g ÷ 1000g = 0.6g
0.6g × 100(%) = 60%
Page | 44
m
1
m1 – m2
1250g – 600g = 650g

650g ÷ 1250g = 0.52
0.52g × 100(%) = 52%

m1 – m2
× 100 (%)
1500g – 700g = 800g

800g ÷ 1500g = 0.53g
0.53g × 100(%) = 53%

m1 – m2
× 100 (%)
1750g – 750g = 1000g

1000g ÷ 1750g = 0.57g
0.57g × 100(%) = 57%

m1 – m2
× 100 (%)
2000g – 800g = 1200g

1200g ÷ 2000g = 0.6g
0.6g × 100(%) = 60%

m1 – m2
× 100 (%)
2250g – 1000g = 1250g

2250 grams 1000 56%
1250g ÷ 2250g = 0.56g
grams
0.56g × 100(%) = 56%
Page | 45
m
1
m1 – m2
× 100 (%)
2500g – 900g = 1600g

1600g ÷ 2500g = 0.64g
0.64g × 100(%) = 64%
3. Fabric Quality
The fabric quality did not change after undergoing in
portable dryer. The procedure results in the fabric
undamaged, ensuring intact stitches, and preventing fabric
breakage.
Thematic Analysis
1. Time Spent Drying
Within just four minutes of using the portable dryer, the
moisture content of wet shirts significantly decreased. This
observation emphasized how quickly the portable dryer could
dry materials.
2. Weight of Fabric
As the portable dryer decreased the level of moisture,
the weights of the shirts changed. The analysis showed that
the portable dryer had a high water-extraction performance,
successfully removing 52% to 67% of the water from the
shirts.
Page | 46
3. Quality of Fabric
Following portable drying, the fabric's quality did not
change. The analysis indicated that the portable dryer's
gentle handling and preservation of fabric integrity
guaranteed that no harm would come to the fabrics. The
portable dryer was praised for preserving the fabric's
original quality, suggesting that delicate items were a good
fit for it.
Discussion
The thoroughly conducted studies provided a deep
understanding of the portable dryer's performance, showing
its efficacy in numerous aspects of fabric care. Beginning
with a significant drop in moisture content within 1 to 4
minutes for materials such as shirts, the findings
highlighted the machine's ability to dry quickly. This
accelerated drying time differed significantly from the
lengthy durations commonly associated with traditional
drying processes, implying a potential change in fabric care
practices. Furthermore, the significant reduction in fabric
weight, 52% to 66.67%. Following just 4 minutes of drying
not only confirmed the machine's moisture extraction
Page | 47
effectiveness but also suggested its potential for energy
and resource conservation. Perhaps most importantly, fabric
quality was maintained throughout the centrifugal drying
process. The rigorous preservation of fabric integrity, as
evidenced by undamaged stitches and the absence of breakage,
demonstrated the machine's gentleness and skill in handling
delicate materials. Such preservation was not only necessary
to retain the visual appeal of shirts, but it also extended
their lifespan, in line with sustainability ideals. When
combined, these data provided a convincing image of the
portable dryer as a holistic solution that effortlessly
blended efficiency, effectiveness, and fabric care into the
fabric drying process. In doing so, it not only served
customers' practical demands but also tackled broader
environmental and ecological concerns, establishing itself
as a possible game changer in the world of household fabric
care equipment.
Page | 48
Chapter IV
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
The research explored the efficiency and effectiveness
of portable dryers in promoting sustainable drying
practices. It began with an overview of the problem,
highlighting the environmental drawbacks of traditional
drying methods and the need for alternative solutions. The
review of related literature provided insights into the
concept and advantages of portable dryers, emphasizing their
compactness, adaptability, and energy-saving capabilities.
Additionally, local literature discussed the environmental
effects of sustainable textile product care, providing a
basis for understanding the significance of the study. The
conceptual framework outlined the variables and their
relationships, including the mediating role of fabric
characteristics, the moderating role of energy efficiency,
and the control variable of drying time. The paradigm of the
study focused on the input, process, and output of building
a portable dryer, highlighting its significance for various
stakeholders. The methodology section described the research
design, data gathering procedures, and analysis techniques
employed. A hybrid approach combining qualitative and
Page | 49
quantitative methods was utilized to assess the performance
of the portable dryer. Real experiments were conducted to
evaluate drying time, moisture removal, and portability,
providing comprehensive insights into its effectiveness.
Results indicated that the portable dryer achieved
significant reductions in drying time and moisture content
within one minute of operation. Fabric quality remained
intact, demonstrating the gentle treatment provided by the
dryer. Thematic analysis further highlighted the quick
drying, weight transformation, and preservation of fabric
integrity achieved by the portable dryer. Discussion of the
research findings identified challenges such as leaks and
vibrations during operation. Strategies for addressing these
challenges, including proper sealing and balancing of
clothes, were proposed to optimize the performance and
safety of the portable dryer. In general, the research
contributed to the advancement of sustainable drying
technologies by demonstrating the efficiency and
effectiveness of portable dryers. It provided valuable
insights for consumers, producers, and future researchers
interested in promoting eco-friendly drying practices.
Page | 50
Conclusion
Based on the research conducted on portable dryers and
their effectiveness in promoting sustainable drying
practices, several key findings emerged. Portable dryers
were shown to offer significant advantages over traditional
mechanical dryers in terms of efficiency, speed, and fabric
safety. These findings had important implications for both
consumers and manufacturers, as they suggested that portable
dryers could play a crucial role in reducing energy
consumption, promoting sustainability, and enhancing user
convenience in terms of laundry care.
Firstly, the experimental results demonstrated that
portable dryers were highly efficient in removing moisture
from fabrics, with notable reductions in drying time
compared to conventional mechanical dryers. Fabrics such as
shirts experienced substantial moisture removal within just
one minute of using the portable dryer, highlighting its
rapid drying capabilities. This suggested that portable
dryers not only saved time but also consumed less energy,
making them a more sustainable option for households seeking
to minimize their environmental footprint.
Page | 51
Furthermore, the research indicated that portable
dryers were gentle on fabrics, preserving their integrity
and preventing damage or shrinkage. This was a crucial
consideration for consumers who prioritized garment care and
longevity. By maintaining fabric quality while effectively
removing moisture, portable dryers offered a practical and
sustainable solution for everyday laundry needs.
Additionally, the study identified practical challenges
associated with portable dryer design and operation, such as
leaks and vibrations. However, these challenges could be
addressed through strategic modifications and improvements,
ensuring the optimal performance and safety of portable
dryer systems. By addressing these issues, manufacturers
could enhance the usability and reliability of portable
dryers, further encouraging their widespread adoption.
In conclusion, the research underscored the potential
of portable dryers as a sustainable alternative to
traditional mechanical dryers. Their efficiency, speed, and
fabric safety made them a valuable asset for households
seeking to reduce energy consumption and promote
environmentally friendly drying practices. By addressing
design challenges and optimizing performance, portable
Page | 52
dryers had the opportunity to revolutionize the way we
approached laundry care, contributing to a more sustainable
future.
Recommendations
Based on the research conducted on the portable dryer and
its effectiveness in sustainable drying practices, several
detailed recommendations can be made:
1. Explore Sustainable Alternatives
One sustainable energy alternative for a portable dryer
is wind power. Harnessing the power of wind through small
turbines can provide the energy needed to run the dryer.
Wind energy is renewable, abundant, and can be
particularly effective in locations with consistent wind
patterns. By utilizing wind power, portable dryers can
reduce reliance on non-renewable energy sources and
contribute to a more sustainable future.
2. Adding Electric Plug to Portable Dryer
By adding a plug, the dryer can be powered electrically,
increasing its versatility and making it usable in a variety
of settings where an electrical outlet is present.
Page | 53
3. Protecting Electric Motor from Water Damage
Given the risk of water exposure weakening the electric
motor, it is crucial to implement measures to safeguard
the motor during operation. Raising the electric motor
and installing a protective device, such as a cup
positioned to cover the motor, can help prevent water
infiltration and potential damage.
4. Optimizing Drying Efficiency
Continuously explore ways to optimize the drying efficiency
of the portable dryer. This may involve fine-tuning the
machine's settings, improving airflow systems, or
incorporating innovative technologies to enhance moisture
removal capabilities while maintaining fabric integrity.
5. To ensure the validity of fabric quality, the fabric
needs to undergo multiple times in the dryer
Multiple cycles in the dryer are required to validate
fabric quality. This procedure reflects practical use,
identifying defects such as shrinkage and colorfastness. It
also reveals any hidden problems that help in determining
fabric durability under repeated force.
Page | 54
6. Testing and Quality Assurance
Prioritize rigorous testing and quality assurance
processes to ensure the reliability, durability, and safety
of the portable dryer. Conduct thorough testing under
various conditions to identify any potential issues and
address them proactively before the product reaches
consumers.
7. User-Friendly Design
Focus on designing the portable dryer to be user-
friendly, convenient, and easy to operate. Consider aspects
such as size, weight, setup time, and compatibility with
various power sources to ensure practicality and convenience
for users in different settings.
8. Environmental Impact Consideration
While promoting the use of portable dryers as a
sustainable alternative, continue to evaluate and minimize
the environmental impact of the dryer's manufacturing,
operation, and disposal processes. Incorporate eco-friendly
materials, energy-efficient technologies, and recyclable
components wherever possible.
Page | 55
9. Education and Awareness
Raise awareness among consumers about the benefits of
using portable dryers for sustainable drying practices.
Provide education on proper usage, maintenance, and safety
precautions to maximize the effectiveness and lifespan of
the dryer while minimizing environmental footprint.
By implementing these recommendations, manufacturers
can further enhance the efficiency, reliability, and
sustainability of portable dryers, contributing to the
promotion of eco-friendly drying methods and a more
sustainable future.
Plan of Action
1. Develop a detailed budget for the acquisition,
installation, and maintenance of the portable dryer, ensure
that the budget aligns with the overall financial plan.
2. Develop comprehensive documentation, including user
manuals and maintenance procedures, to serve as a reference.
3. Conducting necessary tests and inspections to ensure it
operates efficiently.
Page | 56
4. Regularly inspect and service the portable dryer to
prevent breakdowns and prolong its operational life.
5. Foster a continuous improvement by seeking feedback from
operators and regularly reviewing the efficiency of the
portable dryer. Explore opportunities for upgrades or
enhancements to keep up with evolving technologies.
6. Create backup plans and protocols in case of emergencies
or equipment failures.
Page | 57
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VINCENTIAN CATHOLIC ACADEMY, INC.

– SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

In recent years, the global community came to

understand the importance of sustainable practices in a

number of domains, including daily living. Drying clothes

was one sector that was ready for sustainable advances. It

was a process that was demanding and common in homes all

around the world. There were some environmental drawbacks to

traditional clothes drying methods, such as electric dryers

and gas-powered dryers. As stated by Welles (2023), to dry a

load of clothes, electric dryers needed more electricity.

Power plants required more power generation to make up for

the increased electricity consumed. Eventually, this ended

up resulting in them using more fossil fuels, emitting more

greenhouse gases, and causing climate change.

In addition to that, Kapp et al. (2020) stated that

electric clothes dryers brought a potentially large number

of synthetic and non-synthetic microfibers from garments and

household textiles to our environment. These microfibers,

which were often too small to be filtered out by wastewater

treatment plants, might contribute to environmental

contamination and potentially damage ecosystems and animals.

They endangered aquatic life when consumed because they

could build up in marine animals' digestive systems, causing

blockages, starvation, and other health problems.

Furthermore, microfibers could adsorb hazardous compounds

from their surroundings, magnifying their impact as they

passed down the food chain. Their widespread presence in the

environment raised concerns about human health as these

fibers might infiltrate the food chain and accumulate in

human tissues over time. This implied that the widespread

use of microfibers from electric clothes dryers showed the

critical need for sustainable practices and technological

solutions to reduce their discharge and environmental

As a sustainable response to these difficulties, the

search for alternative drying methods was conducted, and

portable drying machines came into existence. This study

examined the way portable clothes dryers promoted

environmentally friendly drying methods. In comparison to

traditional drying techniques, this study looked at how well

portable dryers reduced energy use and environmental impact

in an effort to gain insight into the potential of these

devices as a sustainable household alternative. This study

aimed to clarify the advantages and difficulties of portable

clothes dryers by synthesizing the findings of existing

studies, gathering data, and doing a thorough analysis. This

study attempted to provide helpful recommendations for both

homes and manufacturers by looking at user satisfaction,

energy efficiency factors, and environmental factors. The

main objective was to encourage widespread adoption of

portable clothes dryers in order to lessen the impact that

drying clothes had on the environment and to help create a

more sustainable future.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The Concept and Advantages of Portable Dryer

The advancement of convenience as well as

sustainability had been the focus of an increasing number of

advancements in home appliances. The portable dryer stood

out among these innovations as a portable and effective

laundry care option. As stated by Clark (2021), a portable