Learner's Activity Sheet: Science (Quarter IV - Week 3)

Learner’s Activity Sheet
Science (Quarter IV – Week 3)

Name: _____________________________________ Grade and Section: ________________
Teacher: ___________________________________ Date: ______________________________
School:__________________________________________________________________________
Dear Learner,
Good day!
In this week, you are expected to predict phenotypic expressions of traits
following simple patterns of inheritance. (S8LT-IVf-18)
Learners are expected to:

1. Define dominant trait, recessive trait, homozygous, heterozygous, punett
square.
2. Differentiate genotype from phenotype.
3. Solve for the phenotypic and genotypic ratios using a punett square.
In this lesson, appreciating the uniqueness of individual characteristics

is being integrated.
Your Teacher
Cellular Reproduction and Genetics

Activity 1 Instructions: Match column A with Column B write only the
letter of the correct answer on the space provided. (10points)
Column A. Column B
_____1. punett square a. Signified by capital letter, there is
one trait that dominates the other.
_____2. homogygous b. Has different letters Eg Tt(different
allele for trait)
_____3. dominant trait c. Has same letters E.g. TT or tt(same
alleles for trait)
_____4.recessive trait d. Helps us to predict the outcome of a
given cross.
_____5. Heterozygous e. There are more than two choices for
the allele.
f. Signified by small case letter –e.g.t.
its appearance was either prevented or
hidden by the dominant trait.
1 8
Activity 2 Instructions: Differentiate Phenotype from Genotype.
(10points)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Activity 3
(Please practice your writing skills by copying this on your notebook)
Gregor Mendel was an Augustinian monk in a monastery in Brun. He

was interested in investigating how individual traits were inherited. He
wanted to find out whether both parents contributed equally to the traits of
the offspring. Based on the results of his experiments, Mendel hypothesized
that there was a factor in the plants which controlled the appearance of a
trait. These factors are what we call genes today. Mendel noted that for each
trait he studied there is one trait dominates the other. Based on the results
for the F1 generation the trait for round seeds is the dominant trait.
Following Mendel’s reasoning, a pure breed, round seeded parent plant has
an allelic combination or genotype of RR while a pure breed, wrinkled
seeded parent plant has genotype of rr. These individuals have a
homozygous genotype. A Genotype is an individual’s collection of genes. The
term also can refer to the two alleles inherited for a particular gene. At
fertilization, when the gametes formed gametogenesis by RR and rr plats
unite, all the zygotes will have the genotype Rr. Thus, all F1 plants will have
a genotype of Rr. An individual with contrasting alleles (a dominant and
recessive allele) for a particular character is to have a heterozygous
genotype. The expression of the genotype of an individual for a particular
character is referred to as its phenotype. A phenotype is an individual’s
observable traits observable traits, such as height, eye color and blood type
the genetic contribution to the phenotype is called genotype. Some traits are
largely determined by the genotype while other traits are largely determined
by environmental factors. Mendel’s crosses can be recorded in a chart called
a punnett square. The punnett square help us to predict the outcome of a
given cross it allows us to determine the possible combinations of genes in a
cross. The use of the punnett square can be best illustrated by solving an
actual problem like determining the expected result when two hybrid round-
seeded are cross. You know the expected the phenotypic ratio from this
cross 3:1. This time we will determined the expected genotype of an
offspring.
2
Example:
Round Round
Rr
x Rr
(Male parent) (Female parent)

Gametes
R r
RR Rr R
r Rr rr 1:2:1
Genotypic ratio: 25% RR: 50% Rr: 25% rr
3:1
Phenotypic raio: 75% round: 25% wrinkled
Blood Type
Phenotype Genotype
Type A AA and AO
Type B BB and BO
Multiple Alleles
Type AB AB
Cross: AB X AO
Type O OO
A B
A
AA AB
AO BO O
Genotypic ratio: AA =25% AB=25% AO=25% BO=25

Phenotypic ratio: type A=50% type AB=25% type B=25%
3
Word bank:
1. Genotype: the letters that make up the individual. E.g. TT or Tt.
2. Phenotype: the physical characteristic of particular trait. E.g. tall or short.
3. Dominant trait: Signified by capital letter, there is one trait that

dominates the other.
4. Recessive trait: Signified by small case letter –e.g.t. its appearance was
either prevented or hidden by the dominant trait.
5.Homozygous: Has same letters E.g. TT or tt(same alleles for trait)
6.Heterozygous: Has different letters Eg Tt (different allele for trait)
7. Punnett square: Helps us to predict the outcome of a given cross.
Activity 4 Instructions: Determine the Phenotypic and Genotypic ratios

using a punnett square. (10points)
Co dominance
(BB= Black & Bw = tan & WW=white
Cross: BWX BW
B W
Dominant and Recessive

(T=Tall & t= short Cross: Tt x Tt
T t
Activity 5.1
T
4
Instructions: Match the column A with column B, write only the letter of
the correct answer. (10points)
Column A Column B
______1. Gregor Mendel A. Study of genes.
______2. Genetics B. Chart that recorded crosses.
______3. Genotype C. Father of genetics
______4. Phenotype D. It is an individual observable trait.
______5. Punnett square E. It is an individual collection of genes.
Activity 5.2 Instructions: Write True if the statement is correct and

False if the statement is incorrect. (10 points)
_________1. Phenotype is a group observable trait of an organism.

_________2. Gregor Mendel was an Agustinian Monk.
_________3. Dominant trait, there in one trait that dominates the other.
_________4. Heterozygotes has same allele for trait.
_________5. Punnett square it helps us up to predict the outcome of a given
crosses.
References:
1. K to 12 Most Essential Learning Competencies
2. Grade 8 Science Learner’s Module
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that my child has successfully done all the
activities included in this Learning Activity Sheet.
_________________________________________ ____________________
Name and Signature of the Parent Date

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Learner’s Activity Sheet

Science (Quarter IV – Week 3)

Learners are expected to:

In this lesson, appreciating the uniqueness of individual characteristics

Cellular Reproduction and Genetics

(Please practice your writing skills by copying this on your notebook)

Gregor Mendel was an Augustinian monk in a monastery in Brun. He

(Male parent) (Female parent)

Genotypic ratio: AA =25% AB=25% AO=25% BO=25

1. Genotype: the letters that make up the individual. E.g. TT or Tt.

2. Phenotype: the physical characteristic of particular trait. E.g. tall or short.

3. Dominant trait: Signified by capital letter, there is one trait that

5.Homozygous: Has same letters E.g. TT or tt(same alleles for trait)

6.Heterozygous: Has different letters Eg Tt (different allele for trait)

7. Punnett square: Helps us to predict the outcome of a given cross.

Activity 4 Instructions: Determine the Phenotypic and Genotypic ratios

Dominant and Recessive

Activity 5.2 Instructions: Write True if the statement is correct and

_________1. Phenotype is a group observable trait of an organism.

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