Program

International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]
Design And Analysis Of G+5 Residential Building

Ms.Sd. Farhana Tabasum1, Mr.K.Giridhar Reddy2,
Mr.V.Karthik Reddy3, Mr.K.Ganesh4, Mr.Y.Hemanth Kumar5
1
Assistant professor, Department of civil Engineering, Sree venkateswara college of Engineering,
Kodavaluru(V&M) SPSR Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2,3,4,5
Students, Department of civil Engineering, Sree venkateswara college of Engineering,
Kodavaluru(V&M) SPSR Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Abstract:
Structural analysis is a subject which involves designing, planning to build a perfect building.
Basically, each project is different with their design criteria such as incoming load, soil properties,
dynamic load, built up area etc. In the present days of improving science and technology, analyzing and
designing of a building has been made easy by using ETABS and Auto cad software. Design of
residential building by Auto CAD (COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN) and analysis of the building by
using ETABS (EXTENDED THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF BUILDING SYSTEM) which
includes- generating a structural framing plan, getting model analysis of structure and design of structure.
TABS software helps civil engineers to make their work easy and decreases time necessary for planning.
The project going to be done is the design of a multi-storey residential building. The building plan has
been drafted using the Auto Cad software by the requirements and available area. The super structure i.e.
The building frame has been analyzed and designed using the ETABS software. In the present project
G+5 Residential building is going to be analyzed and designed for gravity and lateral (wind and earth
quake) loads as per Indian standards.
Keywords: AUTOCAD, ETABS, Building, Wind and Earthquake loads, design, analysis.
1. Introduction
1.1. Background
Structural design is the primary aspect of civil engineering. Structural analysis means
determination of the general shape and all the specific dimensions of a particular structure so that it will
perform the function for which it is created and will safely withstand the influences which will act on it
throughout its useful life. The foremost basic in structure is the design of simple basic component sand
members of a building like slabs, beams,columns, and footings. In order to design them it is important to
first obtain the plan of the particular building.Thereby depending on the suitability plan layout of
beams and the position of columns are fixed. Thereafter, the vertical loads are calculated namely the
dead load and live load. Once the loads are obtained, the component takes the load first i.e.the slabs can
be designed.
For a G+5 building, Auto CAD can be used to create the initial design drawings and detailed
construction plans, while ETABS can be used to analyze the structure and optimize the design. The two
software programs work together to provide a comprehensive design and analysis package that can
IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 1

ensure the safety and efficiency of the building.

1.2. Theme of the Project Work
The theme of the project is to structurally analyze and design an multi- storeyed building. During
the execution of the project, we have acquired knowledge and skill to emphasis on practical application
besides the utilization of analytical methods and design approaches, exposure and application of various
available codes of practices.
1.3. Objective
The specific objectives are:
i. Preliminary design of the structural elements.
ii. Detailed structural analysis of the building using ETABS
iii. Applying gravity loads and different load combinations as per Indian codal provision.
iv. Design of various structural components.
v. Preparation of detailed structural drawings.
vi. Better acquaintance with the code provisions related to RCC design.
vii. using Auto Cad and ETABS software for building design and analysis provides accurate and
efficient workflows, ensures safety and compliance, optimizes energy efficiency.
viii.
1.4. Scope
This project work provides us the information about how to analyse and design the multi-
storeyed building. It further deals with
1.4.1. Work Scope

• Study architectural drawing and fixing structural system of the building to carry all the live load,
dead load and lateral load.
• Calculation of loads including lateral loads.
• Preliminary design of structural elements.
• Identification of loads and load cases.
• Calculation of shear force, bending moment to determine size of the building components.
• To be familiar with structural analysis software i.e. ETABS for different load cases.
• Design of beam, columns and slab by following different codes.
2. Methodology
Each building has its own purposes and importance. Basically, buildings were constructed based on
client requirement, geographical condition of the site, safety, privacy, available facilities, etc. and
designed as:
Modeling and Analysis of structure

A brief explanation of software used are
1. Auto CAD
2. ETABS

Auto CAD
Auto CAD is a computer-aided design (CAD) software that is widely used in various industries
such as architecture, engineering, construction, and manufacturing. Auto CAD was first introduced in
1982 by Autodesk Inc. and has since become one of the most popular CAD software in the world. The
software is used for creating and editing 2D and 3D designs and drawings. The software includes
libraries of pre-made objects, as well as the ability to create custom objects, dimensions, and
annotations. AutoCAD also offers the ability to import and export files in various formats, making it
easy to collaborate with others who may use different software.
ETABS:
ETABS (Extended Three-dimensional Analysis of Building Systems) is a widely used software program
for structural analysis and design of building systems. The following is a brief methodology for using
ETABS:
Model Creation: The step in using ETABS is to create a structural model of the building. This can be
done using the software's graphical user interface, where you can input the building geometry, material
properties, and loads.

5. DESIGN AND DETAILING

5.1 DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLAB
Concrete, fck = 25N/mm²
Steel, fy = 415 N/mm²
DIMENSIONING
Clear span distance in shorter direction,lx= 3.69 m
Clear span distance in longer direction,ly = 4.38 m
As per IS 456:2000, Clause 24.1
Thickness of slab =longer span / 26 = 170mm
Assume 40mm cover and 8mm diameter bars Eff:depth, d = 170 – 40 – 8/2 = 126 mm
Load calculation
Dead Load on Slab =3.150 kN/m²
Live Load on Slab = 2kN/m²
Floor Finish = 1kN/m²
Total load = 6.15 kN/m²
Factored load = 1.5×6.150= 9.22 kN/m
ULTIMATE DESIGN MOMENTCOEFFICIENTS

As per IS 456:2000 table 26, take the moment coefficients for
Ley/Lex = 1.18 one short edge discontinuous,
Lex = Centre to Centre of

1 support = 3.69 m
Lex = clear span + eff. Depth
2 = 3.69 + 0.81= 4.5m

Lex1 = centre to centre of support

= 4.38 m
= clear span + eff. Depth
Lex2 = 4.38 + 0.81 = 5.19 m
Eff: span Lex = 4.5 m
along short
span,
Eff: span Ley = 5.19 m
along long
span,
Ley/Lex= 4.50/3.81 = 1.18< 2.

Hence, design as two-way slab.
Short span moment coefficients:

Negative moment coefficient, αx = 0.047
Positive moment coefficient, αx = 0.035
Long span moment coefficients:
Negative moment coefficient, αy = 0.037
Positive moment coefficient, αy = 0.028
DESIGN MOMENTS
Mx(-ve) = αxW lx2 = 6.29 kNm
Mx(+ve) = αx W lx2 =4.68kNm
My(-ve) = αyW lx2 =4.95 kNm
My (+ve) = αyW lx2 = 3.74 kNm
CHECK FOR DEPTH

Mu = 0.133fckbd²
Hence, the effective depth selected is sufficient to resist the design ultimate moment.
REINFORCEMENTS ALONG SHORT AND LONG SPAN DIRECTIONS

As per IS: 456 Annex G Clause. G.1
The area of reinforcement is calculated using the relation:

Area (mm2)
Short span +ve moment 6.325 272.840

(kNm)
-ve moment 8.371 367.297

(kNm)
Long span +ve moment 5.209 222.704
(kNm)
-ve moment 6.883 298.266

(kNm)
Calculation of Ast
CHECK FOR AREA OF STEEL
As per IS 456 clause 26.5.2.1
CHECK FOR SPACING

As per IS 456:2000 Clause. 26.3.3(b)
Maximum spacing = 3d or 300mm,whichever is less = 3×81 = 243mm (or) 300mm
=300 mm
Reinforcement provided
Short span: Provide 8mm diameter bars @ 275mm c/c(Ast prov = 367.297 mm²)
Long span: Provide 8mm diameter bars @ 275mm c/c (Ast prov = 367.297 mm²)
Spacing prov < spacing max
CHECK FOR SHEAR

As per IS 456:2000, Table13 Shear force,Vu= WL/2 =20.666 KN
As per IS 456:2000 Clause 40.1
Nominal shear stress, Tu = Vu =0.255 N/mm²
Bd
Percentage of steel, pt = 100 Ast / bd = 0.45
Permissible shear stress, = 0.464 N/mm² (IS 456:2000,Table 19)
Design shear strength of concrete = k = 1.3 0.464 = 0.60 N/mm²
S 456:2000 Clause 40.2)
Maximum shear stress,
Tcmax= 3.1 N /mm² (IS 456:2000 Table 20)
TV< kTc<Tcmax , so shear is safe.

Check for deflections

Ast provided = 367.297 mm2
Ast required = 150 mm²
Pt = 100 As/ bd= (100 ×367.297) / (1000 ×81)

= 0.45
Modification factor = 2
Permissible l/d ratio = 35 × 2 = 70
Actual l/d= (5190/81) =64˂70
Hence, deflection for provided length is safe.
DESIGN OF A BEAM :
Fck = 25 mm2
Fy = 415 mm2
PRELIMINARY DIMENSIONING OF BEAM

Width of beam, b = 300 mm
Depth of beam, D = 500 mm
Assume 20mm cover and 20 mm Φ bars
Effective depth, d = 500– 20 – 10 = 470 mm
ULTIMATE BENDING MOMENT

Maximum +ve bending moment, Mu = 434kNm
Maximum -ve bending moment, Mu = 434 kNm
LIMITING MOMENT OF RESISTANCE

= 0.134 × 25×300 ×4702 = 222 kNm

Mu > Mu lim, Hence doubly reinforced section.
Design for positive and negative moments:
Mu - Mu lim = (434 – 222) = 212 kNm
Stress in compression steel,
Xu max = limiting value of neutral axis depth
= 0.48 d = 0.48 ×470= 225.6 mm
d’ = 20+10 = 30mm
d-d’ = 470-30 = 440 mm
fsc = 606.91 N/mm2
But, fsc should not be greater than 0.87 fy
= 0.87 × 415 = 361.05 N/mm2
Provide 4 bars of 20 mm pi (Asc = 1334.49 mm2)

Total tension reinforcement= Ast =Ast1 +Ast2
= 1334.49 + 1687.07 = 3021.56 mm2
Provide 6 bars of 22mm pi in two layers (3021.56 mm2).
Check for shear reinforcements
Vu = 216.3 kN
τ = Vu/bd = 1.5 N/mm2
Pt = 2.14
As per IS 456-2000, table 19
Tc= 0.83 N/mm2
Tv > Tc, So shear reinforcement is required Strength of shear reinforcement,
Vus = (vu - Tc bd)
= 216.3 10³ - (0.83 470)
= 100 kN
(From Clause.40.4 (a) of IS 456:2000)Spacing of stirrups,

= 266.55 mm
Provide 10 mm diameter 3-L stirrups
According to IS 456:2000, Clause 26.5.1.5, the spacing of stirrups in beams should not exceed the least
of:
• 0.75d = 0.75 470 = 352.5mm or
• 300mm
Hence, provide 10 mm diameter 3 legged stirrups @225 mm c/c
DESIGN OF COLUMN
Concrete, fck = 25 N/mm²
Steel, fy= 415 N/mm²
Depth of column, D = 400 mm
Breadth of column, b = 400 mm
Unsupported length of column,l = 2600 mm
Support condition: - two ends Fixed As per Table 28 of IS 456:2000
Multiplication factor for effective length = 0.5
Effective length of column,
leff = 0.5 × l = 0.5 × 2.6 = 1.3 m
Factored axial Load, Pu = 1920 Kn.
Factored Moment in X-dir., Mux= 27.44kNm
Factored Moment in Y-dir., Muy= 37.91kNm
EQUIVALENT MOMENT FOR AXIAL COMPRESSIVE LOAD Mu is

MU = 1.15√MUX2 +MUY2 =53.81 KNm
LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT
𝑃𝑢 1920𝑋1000
= =0.48
𝑓𝑐𝑘𝑏𝑑2 3025𝑋400𝑋400
𝑀𝑢
=0.03
𝐹𝑐𝑘𝑏𝑑2
𝑃𝑢
=0.03
𝐹𝑐𝑘
P =0.03X25=0.75
𝑃𝑏𝑑
Area of steel As = = 1200 mm2
100
Use 12 bars of 20mm dia bars.

𝑀𝑢𝑥1
= 0.033
𝐹𝑐𝑘𝑏𝑑2

Mux1 = 0.03xFckxbxd2
Mux1 = 52.8 KN
𝑃𝑢
αn = 𝑃𝑢𝑧
Puz = 0.45 fck Ac+0.75 fy Asc

Puz = 2173.5 KN αn =0.88
From IS:456-2000
𝑀𝑢𝑥 αn 𝑀𝑢𝑦 αn
{ } + {𝑀𝑢𝑦1} ≤ 1.0
𝑀𝑢𝑥1
=0.78 ≤ 1.0
So the section is under given loading.
Earthquake loads by etabs

IS1893 2002 Auto Seismic Load Calculation
This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern EQX
according to IS1893 2002, as calculated by ETABS.
Direction and Eccentricity
Direction = X
Structural Period
Period Calculation Method = Program Calculated
Factors and Coefficients
Seismic Zone Factor, Z [IS Table 2] Z = 0.16
Response Reduction Factor, R [IS

R=5
Table 7]
Importance Factor, I [IS Table 6] I=1
Site Type [IS Table 1] = III

Seismic Response
Sa Sa
Spectral Acceleration Coefficient, Sa /g [IS 6.4.5] = 2.5 = 2.5
g g
Equivalent Lateral Forces
S
ZI ga
Seismic Coefficient, Ah [IS 6.4.2]
Ah =
2R
Period
Directio W Vb
Used
n (kN) (kN)
(sec)
X 0.419 13928.04 557.12

Calculated Base Shear Period

Directio W Vb
Used
n (kN) (kN)
(sec)
61 18
Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir
m kN kN
Story7 21 0 0
Story6 18 239.9186 0
Story5 15 169.1751 0
Story4 12 95.161 0
Story3 9 42.2938 0
Story2 6 10.5734 0
Story1 3 0 0
Base 0 0 0
IS1893 2002 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

Direction and Eccentricity
Direction = Y
Calculated Base Shear
Period Used W Vb
Direction
(sec) (kN) (kN)
Y 0.512 14096.5776 563.8631
Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir
m kN kN
Story7 21 0 21.9853
Story6 18 0 233.3539
Story5 15 0 164.5461
Story4 12 0 92.5572
Story3 9 0 41.1365
Story2 6 0 10.2841
Story1 3 0 0
Base 0 0 0

Auto CAD drawings

TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
CONCRETE COLUMN LAYOUT
Etabs structure drawing

SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM

Conclusion
In conclusion, the design and analysis of a G+5 residential building involves various aspects such
as site selection, structural analysis, architectural design, building materials selection. A thorough
analysis of the project is necessary to ensure the building's safety, stability, and durability.The selection
of appropriate building materials, such as reinforced concrete and steel, is crucial to ensure the building's
structural integrity. The design and construction of a G+5 building requires compliance with local
building codes and regulations to ensure the safety of the occupants.Moreover, the architectural design
of the building should prioritize functionality and aesthetics while providing comfortable living spaces.
Proper ventilation, lighting, and thermal insulation are essential factors that need to be considered.
REFERENCES
1. Assistant Prof.SD.FARHANA TABASUM,M.tech.
2. Bureau of Indian Standards: IS 456:2000, Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code of practice(Fourth
Revision ), NEW DELHI.
3. Bureau of Indian Standards: IS-875 (part 1)-1987, Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other Than
Earthquake) for Buildings And Structures, (Part 1)Dead Loads unit weights of building materials and
stored materials (second revision ), NEW DELHI.
4. Bureau of Indian Standards: IS-875 (part 2)-1987, Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other Than
Earthquake) for Buildings And Structures, (Part 2) Imposed Loads (second revision), NEW DELHI.

5. Bureau of Indian Standards: IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
(General Provision and Building),NEW DELHI.
6. https://www.jetir.org/view?paper=JETIR2105097
7. https://acadpubl.eu/hub/2018-119-17/3/256.pdf

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International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)

E-ISSN: 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

Design And Analysis Of G+5 Residential Building

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 1

ensure the safety and efficiency of the building.

1.4.1. Work Scope

Modeling and Analysis of structure

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 2

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 3

5. DESIGN AND DETAILING

ULTIMATE DESIGN MOMENTCOEFFICIENTS

Lex = Centre to Centre of

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 4

Lex1 = centre to centre of support

Ley/Lex= 4.50/3.81 = 1.18< 2.

Short span moment coefficients:

CHECK FOR DEPTH

REINFORCEMENTS ALONG SHORT AND LONG SPAN DIRECTIONS

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 5

Short span +ve moment 6.325 272.840

-ve moment 8.371 367.297

-ve moment 6.883 298.266

CHECK FOR SPACING

CHECK FOR SHEAR

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 6

Check for deflections

Pt = 100 As/ bd= (100 ×367.297) / (1000 ×81)

PRELIMINARY DIMENSIONING OF BEAM

ULTIMATE BENDING MOMENT

LIMITING MOMENT OF RESISTANCE

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 7

= 0.134 × 25×300 ×4702 = 222 kNm

Provide 4 bars of 20 mm pi (Asc = 1334.49 mm2)

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 8

EQUIVALENT MOMENT FOR AXIAL COMPRESSIVE LOAD Mu is

Use 12 bars of 20mm dia bars.

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 9

Puz = 0.45 fck Ac+0.75 fy Asc

Earthquake loads by etabs

Seismic Zone Factor, Z [IS Table 2] Z = 0.16

Response Reduction Factor, R [IS

Importance Factor, I [IS Table 6] I=1

Site Type [IS Table 1] = III

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 10

Calculated Base Shear Period

IS1893 2002 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 11

Auto CAD drawings

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 12

TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN

CONCRETE COLUMN LAYOUT

Etabs structure drawing

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 13

SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM

BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 14

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 15

IJFMR23022423 Volume 5, Issue 2, March-April 2023 16

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