Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Schools Division of Negros Oriental

WEEKLY LESSON PLAN

School Grade Level

Teacher Quarter
Learning Area Teaching Dates & Duration
I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
The learner demonstrates understanding on the practice of occupational health and
A. Content Standards
safety procedures in caregiving.
The learner independently practices occupational health and safety procedures in
B. Performance Standards
caregiving.
LO 1. Identify hazards and risks
C. Learning Competencies/Code
TLE_HECGOS7/8- 0h-5
D. Objectives
 Knowledge Identify workplace hazards and risks
 Skills Determine the corresponding indicators of hazards and risks
 Attitude/Values Display determination in identifying the effects of hazards
II. CONTENT
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Materials pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional Materials from Module
Learning Resource (LR) portal
B. Other Learning Resources
C. Supplies, Equipment, Tools, etc.
IV. PROCEDURES
A. Introductory Activity Review of Previous Lesson
(3 minutes)
There are several potential health and safety hazards associated with
B. Activity caregiving and housekeeping duties, including risk of illness or infection due to blood
(10 minutes) or bodily fluids when changing diapers, performing first aid and others, risk of pain
or injury from lifting or carrying heavy loads. Slips, trips, and falls.
Determine the type of hazard a worker is exposed to base on the
description given in each item. Unscramble the letter by placing the correct letter
sequence.
1. repetitive and forceful movement
ROGIMCENO
2. spillages of toxic materials
C. Analysis
HALECMCI
(5 minutes)
3. bacteria and viruses
LOBGIIOCLA
4. twisted extension chords
HIYSCAPL
5. stress from night shifts
PCOSYHOLAGICL
D. Abstraction HAZARDS AND RISKS
Hazard is anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals,
electricity, open drawers, and inadequate ventilation.
Risk is the possibility that somebody could be harmed by these and other hazards
and the indication of how serious the harm can be.

Occupational Health and Safety

Occupational Health and Safety is the campaign and maintenance of the wellbeing of
workers in every occupation. It talks about providing a safe working environment to
achieve an injury-free workplace and a healthy atmosphere that protects every worker
against illness. As an effect, it may also protect co-workers, family members, clients,
and other members of the community who are affected by the workplace environment.

Types of Hazards
Physical hazards are the most normal occurrences in workplaces. They are usually
easy to detect, however, very often are neglected because people are too
accustomed to them. Another reason may be due to lack of knowledge or people do
not see situations as hazards.
Examples of physical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Schools Division of Negros Oriental
• Electrical hazards: Even in day care institutions or nursing homes where care
should be of utmost concern, improper wiring and frayed cords may still go
unnoticed. Misuse of electrical equipment also happens in any type of work
environment.
• Endless loud noise: If one is going to work in a nursing home, frequent noise
from patients who are suffering from depression is definitely a hazard.
• Spills on floors or tripping hazards: There are times when even the
caregivers themselves do not mind spills on floors.
This, definitely, poses hazard to everyone.
Some of the Effects of Physical Hazards
• Fire
• Decreased efficiency
• Annoyance
• Falls

Biological hazards come from working with animals, people or infectious materials.
This is, therefore, one of the most common hazards that a caregiver faces. If one is
working in a day care, hospital, hotel laundry,nursing home, laboratories, he/she may
be exposed to biological hazards.
Examples of physical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:
• blood or other body fluids
• fungi
• bacteria and viruses
• contaminated wastes
Some of the Effects of Biological Hazards
• infections
• skin irritations
• allergy
• Tuberculosis
• AIDS

Ergonomic hazards occur when a caregiver’s nature of work, body position and
working conditions put pressure on his/her body. It is difficult to spot this type of
hazard, because caregivers do not immediately notice the effect to their bodies. At
first, sore muscles may be experienced. But long term exposure to this type of hazard
can cause musculoskeletal problems.
Examples of ergonomic hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:
• performing tasks that require lifting heavy loads
• too much bending and reaching
• standing for long periods of time
• holding body parts for long period of time
• awkward movements, especially if they are repetitive
• repeating the same movements over and over
Some of the Effects of Ergonomic Hazards
• pain in the shoulder
• back injury
• too much impact on wrist and hands
• numbness in some parts of the body
• muscle cramps

Chemical hazards are present when a worker is exposed to any chemical preparation
in the workplace in any form (solid, liquid or gas). There may be chemicals which are
safe, but some caregivers who are sensitive to solutions may cause skin irritation,
illness or breathing problems.
Examples of chemical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:
• liquids like cleaning products
• disinfecting solutions
Effects of Chemical Hazards
• Lung diseases
• Difficulty in breathing
• Allergy
Psychological Hazards take place when a caregiver’s work environment becomes
stressful or demanding.
Examples of psychological hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:
• Burn out, fatigue and on call duty
• Unreasonable expectations from patients or clients
• Verbal abuse form dissatisfied clients
• Unreasonable expectations from supervisors and management.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Schools Division of Negros Oriental
• Some of the Effects of Psychological Hazards
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Loss of confidence
• Loss of concentration at work
• Deterioration of performance at work

• Recognizing Hazards and Risks in the Workplace

Hazards and risks vary from one workplace to another. Even in day care or nursing
homes where work routines may be the same, hazards will differ depending on the
type of building the establishment is situated, and the attitudes of caregivers, clients,
or employers. The good news is hazards and risks can be prevented! However,
before thinking about what control measures are needed, first a caregiver has to know
whether there are health and safety problems in his/her workplace. So, how can
someone identify the hazards in the workplace? The following are some ways for a
caregiver to determine health and safety problems:
1. A caregiver should observe the workplace.
2. A caregiver may examine complaints from his/her co-workers.
3. A caregiver should check accident records.
4. A caregiver should examine chart on results of inspections done by the employers
or private organizations.
5. A caregiver may use checklists and inspect the workplace.
6. A caregiver may study reports or any other vital information about the nursing
home.
What are the hazard and risk indicators in the workplace?
We are proactive when we use and promote leading indicators like the ones
mentioned below. Doing this puts safety in our control. As these safety activities go
up, you can count on incident rates going down.
*Leading indicators of safety include (but are in no way limited to):
• Having a safety policy and safety management system,
• Following and enforcing safety rules (putting visible warning signs or notices to
prompt people of the hazard),
• Actively searching out unsafe conditions and behavior,
• Safety walks,
• Safety talks,
• Hazard assessments,
• Use of lockout-tagout and other safety programs,
• Safety observations,
• Safety training and certifications,
• Safety projects and initiatives,
• Pre-work safety inspections.
Leading indicators can improve organizational performance in a variety of ways.
Employers may find that leading indicators can:
• Prevent workplace injuries and illnesses,
• Reduce costs associated with incidents,
• Improve productivity and overall organizational performance,
• Optimize safety and health performance,
• Raise worker participation.

What are the adverse health effects of hazards?

A general definition of adverse health effect is "any change in body function or
the structures of cells that can lead to disease or health problems".
Adverse health effects include:
• bodily injury,
• disease,
• change in the way the body functions, grows, or develops,
• effects on a developing fetus (teratogenic effects, fetotoxic effects),
• effects on children, grandchildren, etc. (inheritable genetic effects),
• decrease in life span,
• change in mental condition resulting from stress, traumatic experiences, exposure to
solvents, and so on, and
• effects on the ability to accommodate additional stress

What are the ways to reduce or eliminate hazards?

The following are suggested ways to reduce or eliminate hazards:
1. Create awareness of hazards and risk.
2. Identify who may be at risk (e.g., employees, cleaners, visitors, contractors, the
public, etc.).
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Schools Division of Negros Oriental
3. Determine if existing control measures are adequate or if more should be done.
4. Reduce slip and fall hazards.
5. Replace safety signage.
6. Update personal protection equipment.
7. Label hazardous liquid containers.
8. Add safety tape to indoor driving lanes.
9. Post updated notice to prompt people of hazards.
10.Timely risk assessment in the workplace to identify areas that need development
or replacement.
11.Report and address areas of concern right away.
12.Refrain from using substandard equipment and machinery.
13.Frequent training of employees to keep them updated and informed of the new
safety standards and protocols.
14.Monitor to make sure the control continues to be effective.
15.Evaluate to confirm if the hazard has been eliminated or if the risk is appropriately
controlled.

Direction: After learning about hazard and risk, classify the different scenarios
using the grid below. Write your answers in your notebook.

SCENARIOUS:
E. Application 1. Improperly stored harmful chemicals, e.g., muriatic acid, rat poison.
2. Exposure to someone with pneumonia, tuberculosis, or COVID-19.
3. Frequent bending and moving around in the workplace.
4. Sharp objects are within children’s reach.
5. Use of unfamiliar equipment, e.g., hand driller.
6. Student who cuts class climbs the gate.
7. Crossing a busy street, especially if not in the pedestrian lane.
8. Hot water being poured in a cup.
9. Broken glass not disposed properly.
10.Chemicals used during Science experiment.
F. Assessment Direction: Match the word in Column A with that of the description in Column B.
Write the letter of your choice in your notebook.

II. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer in your notebook.
1. The following are examples of biological hazards that a caregiver may be
exposed to, EXCEPT:
a. blood or other body fluids c. contaminated wastes
b. fungi, bacteria, and viruses d. spilled chemicals
2. Examples of this hazard are twisted extension cords and broken glass windows.
a. Ergonomic c. Physical
b. Work Environment d. Biological
3. Examples of this hazard are bacteria and viruses.
a. Chemical c. Ergonomic
b. Psychological d. Biological
4. Examples of this hazard are repetitive and forceful movements.
a. Ergonomic c. Chemical
b. Psychological d. Physical
5. High noise levels, extreme temperatures, or radiation fall into this type of hazard.
a. Physical c. Chemical
b. Psychological d. Biological
6. The following are examples of hazard and risk indicators in the workplace,
EXCEPT:
a. Hazard assessments
b. Pre-work safety inspections
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Schools Division of Negros Oriental
c. Absence of signage and notices
d. Safety training and certifications
7. This term is used to refer to the chance of something happening, whether defined,
measured, or determined objectively or subjectively, qualitatively or quantitatively, and
described using general terms or mathematically.
a. Probability c. Possibility
b. Occurrence d. Likelihood
8. It is any change in body function or the structures of cells that can lead to disease
or health problems.
a. Adverse health effect c. Abnormal health
b. Decline in Health d. Untoward incident
9. These are used or worn to protect oneself from hazards.
a. Personal protective equipment c. Working costume
b. Work accessories d. Gears
10. Is the process of comparing an estimated risk against given risk criteria to
determine the significance of the risk
a. Risk evaluation c. Prevention
b. Risk assessment d. Risk identification
G. Concluding Activity “Spending a little bit of money up front on prevention can save you money on the back
(2 minutes) end”
V. REMARKS
VI. REFLECTIONS
A. No. of learners who earned 80% on the
formative assessment
B. No. of learners who require additional
activities for remediation.
C. Did the remedial lessons work? No.
of learners who have caught up with
the lesson.
D. No. of learners who continue to require
remediation
E. Which of my teaching strategies
worked well? Why did these work?
F. What difficulties did I encounter which
my principal or supervisor can help me
solve?
G. What innovation or localized materials
did I use/discover which I wish to share
with other teachers?

Checked by:

_______________________________