LONG RANGE IDENTIFICATION & TRACKING [LRIT]

• THE LRIT SYSTEM PROVIDES FOR GLOBAL IDENTIFICATION AND TRACKING OF SHIPS UTILIZING THE
INMARSAT SATELLITE SYSTEM.
• THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANISATION (IMO) HAS ADOPTED AN AMENDMENT TO CHAPTER V
OF THE 1974 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA (SOLAS) THAT INTRODUCES
MANDATORY POSITION REPORTING OBLIGATIONS FOR SOLAS SHIPS.
• SOLAS CHAPTER V, REGULATION 19-1, ON LRIT REQUIRES THAT VESSELS AUTOMATICALLY TRANSMIT
THEIR IDENTITY, POSITION AND DATE/TIME OF THE POSITION AT 6-HOURLY INTERVALS. THE LRIT SYSTEM
IS DESIGNED IN SUCH A WAY AS TO LIMIT DIRECT COST TO SHIPPING OR SEARCH AND RESCUE SERVICES
WITH MEMBER STATES BEARING THE COST OF THE SYSTEM.
• THE SOLAS AMENDMENT CAME INTO EFFECT ON 01JAN08 WITH COMPLIANCE MANDATED FROM
31DEC08, FURTHER EXTENDED TO 01JUL09. (FIRST RADIO SURVEY AFTER THE 31DEC08 [A1,2,3] /
01JUL09 [A4]).
• THE REGULATION APPLIES TO SHIPS ENGAGED ON
INTERNATIONAL VOYAGES, INCLUDING ALL
PASSENGER SHIPS, CARGO SHIPS OF 300 GROSS
TONNES AND ABOVE AND MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILL
UNITS.
• COMPLIANCE WITH THE LRIT REQUIREMENT IS
IMPORTANT. SOME GOVERNMENTS HAVE INDICATED
THAT THEY MAY NOT GRANT ENTRY TO THEIR WATERS
OR PORTS, FOR VESSELS THAT DO NOT COMPLY WITH
LRIT.

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 1

 LRIT – WHAT IS LRIT – OPERATIONAL CONCEPT
LRIT IS A MARITIME DOMAIN AWARENESS (MDA) INITIATIVE WHICH ALLOWS MEMBER STATES TO RECEIVE
POSITION REPORTS FROM VESSELS OPERATING UNDER THEIR FLAG, VESSELS SEEKING ENTRY TO A PORT
WITHIN THEIR TERRITORY, OR VESSELS OPERATING IN PROXIMITY TO THE STATE’S COASTLINE.
THERE ARE TWO ASPECTS TO LRIT:
• THE ‘REPORTING’ ASPECT WHERE VESSELS OF 300 GROSS TONNAGE AND ABOVE ENGAGED ON
INTERNATIONAL VOYAGES REPORT THEIR IDENTITY AND POSITION, WITH A DATE/TIME STAMP, EVERY SIX
HOURS (FOUR TIMES PER DAY).
• THE ‘RECEIVING’ ASPECT WHERE COASTAL STATES CAN PURCHASE REPORTS WHEN VESSELS ARE WITHIN
1,000 NAUTICAL MILES, OR PORT STATES CAN PURCHASE REPORTS WHEN VESSELS SEEKING ENTRY TO A
PORT AT A PRE-DETERMINED DISTANCE OR TIME FROM THAT PORT (USUALLY UP TO 96 HOUR PRE-
ENTRY).
IN SHORT, THE LRIT SYSTEM PROVIDES FOR THE GLOBAL IDENTIFICATION AND TRACKING OF SHIPS WHICH
ARE REQUIRED TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SOLAS REGULATION V/19-1 AND APPLIES TO THE
FOLLOWING SHIPS ENGAGED ON INTERNATIONAL VOYAGES:
• ALL PASSENGER SHIPS INCLUDING HIGH SPEED CRAFT
• CARGO SHIPS, INCLUDING HIGH SPEED CRAFT OF 300 GROSS TONNAGE AND ABOVE
• MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS.
➢ SHIPS OPERATING EXCLUSIVELY IN SEA AREA A1 AND FITTED WITH AN AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION
SYSTEM (AIS) ARE EXEMPT FROM LRIT REQUIREMENTS. COASTAL TRADE VESSELS ARE ALSO EXEMPT BUT
IF THEY PROCEED TO AN INTERNATIONAL PORT FOR ANY REASON [E.G. DRYDOCK] THEY MUST FULLY
COMPLY OR RECEIVE EXEMPTION FOR THAT VOYAGE.
➢ SHIPS OPERATING IN SEA AREAS A2, A3 AND A4 ARE REQUIRED TO BE FITTED WITH LRIT.

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 2

 LRIT – HOW DOES IT WORK – A REQUEST /RESPONSE SYSTEM
THE LRIT SYSTEM OPERATES IN TWO MODES.
APR MODE : SHIP LRIT EQUIPMENT MUST BE CAPABLE OF TRANSMITTING AT 6H INTERVALS, INFORMATION
SET IN AN AUTOMATIC POSITION REPORT (APR), WHICH INCLUDES :
• IDENTITY OF THE SHIP
• POSITION OF THE SHIP
• DATE AND TIME OF THE POSITION REPORT
POLLED MODE : THIS INVOLVES A REQUEST AND RESPONSE PROCESSES. THE EQUIPMENT MUST BE ABLE TO
RESPOND TO POLL REQUESTS FOR AN ON-DEMAND POSITION REPORT AND BE ABLE TO IMMEDIATELY
RESPOND TO INSTRUCTIONS TO MODIFY THE APR INTERVAL TO A FREQUENCY OF A MAXIMUM OF ONE
EVERY 15 MINUTES.

THE EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENT MAY BE MET THROUGH EXISTING GMDSS EQUIPMENT, OR OTHER
COMPLIANT EQUIPMENT. THE SYSTEM MUST BE TESTED AND A CONFORMANCE CERTIFICATE ISSUED AND
HELD ON BOARD. THE SYSTEM MUST HAVE AN EMERGENCY POWER SOURCE.
THE LRIT CONFORMANCE TEST CERTIFICATE HAS NO EXPIRATION DATE AS LONG AS THE EQUIPMENT
REMAINS THE SAME. HOWEVER IF THE STATUS IS CHANGED A RETEST MAY BE REQUIRED DUE TO THE
FOLLOWING REASONS:
• A VESSEL CHANGES OR UPGRADES THE LRIT EQUIPMENT (ANTENNA, MOTHERBOARD, ETC.)
• THE VESSELS CHANGES FLAG.

IMO HAS APPOINTED THE INTERNATIONAL MOBILE SATELLITE ORGANISATION (IMSO) AS LRIT
COORDINATOR, WHO WILL UNDERTAKE THE AUDIT AND OVERSIGHT FUNCTIONS.

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 3

LRIT – CONFORMANCE TEST
LONG RANGE IDENTIFICATION AND TRACKING OF SHIPS (LRIT)
Conformance test report (id#719749)
Issued under the provisions of MSC.1/Circ.1307 on the survey and certification of
compliance of ships with the requirements to transmit LRIT information.
Issued by: Thrane & Thrane on behalf of
the Government of: Norway
Name of ship: FAR SOLITAIRE

Port of registry: Aalesund

Distinctive number or letters: LDYF

IMO Number: 9616175

Maritime Mobile Service Identity: 257867000

Gross tonnage: 5700

Sea areas in which the ship is certified to operate 1: A1+A2+A3

Sea areas for which this report is valid 2: A1+A2+A3

Application Service Provider conducting the test: Thrane & Thrane

THIS IS TO CERTIFY that the shipborne equipment designated to transmit LRIT information and specified below:
.1 has been found to meet the requirement of the provision of regulations V/19-1.6 and V/19-1.7 and of the Revised
performance standards and functional requirements for the long-range identification and tracking of ships adopted by
resolution MSC.263(84) and :3
.1 is of a type approved by the Administration in accordance with the provisions of regulation V/19-1; No
.2 is of a type approved by the Administration in accordance with the provisions of regulation IV/14; No
.3 has been certified by the Administration as meeting the requirements of IEC 60945 (2002-08) and Yes
IEC 60945 Corr.1 (2008-04) on Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems
- General requirements - Methods of testing and required test results;

.4 is the ship security alert system of the ship and has been found to comply with the provisions of No
regulation XI-2/6; and of resolution MSC.136(76) on Performance standards for a ship security alert
system4 /resolution MSC.147(77) on Adoption of the Revised performance standards for a ship
security alert system ;5

.2 has undergone conformance testing in accordance with the procedures and provisions set out in MSC.1/Circ.1307, and
has shown that it can operate within the tolerances of the acceptance criteria stated in the aforesaid circular.

The conformance test was satisfactorily completed: January 10th 2017

Details of the shipborne equipment used to transmit LRIT information
IMN: 425786713 (Shipborne equipment identifier)
Manufacturer: Thrane & Thrane
Model name: SAILOR 6130 (LRIT)
ISN (Type ID & Forward ID): 4TT096 91334B
Serial Number: 11116966
Issued in Lyngby, Denmark on January 11th 2017

Niels Peter Agdal

Thrane & Thrane A/S
1 Insert sea areas specified in Radio related certificate (refer to paragraph 3.1.6 and to section 11 of this circular).
2 Refer to paragraphs 5.2 and 5.2.22 Insert the sea areas for which the conformance testing is valid. For example, if the sea areas indicated on the Radio related certificate are A1, A2, A3
and A4 and the conformance test has been conducted using a communication system which provides coverage only for sea areas A1, A2 and A3, insert A1, A2 and A3.
3 Indicate "Yes" against the option(s) which is/are applicable and "No" against the rest of the option(s).
4 Delete as appropriate.
5 Delete as appropriate.

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 4

 LRIT – WHAT DOES THE SYSTEM CONSIST OF
THE LRIT SYSTEM CONSISTS OF :
• SHIP-BORNE LRIT EQUIPMENT – SENDS APR’S, RECEIVES POLL REQUESTS AND UPDATES THE APR
ACCORDINGLY.
o IT CAN BE ANY COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM CAPABLE OF AUTOMATICALLY TRANSMITTING THE LRIT
INFORMATION, AT 6-HOURLY INTERVALS.
o IT MUST BE CAPABLE OF BEING CONFIGURED REMOTELY TO TRANSMIT LRIT INFORMATION AT
VARIABLE INTERVALS;
o TRANSMITTING LRIT INFORMATION ON RECEIPT OF A SPECIFIC REQUEST FROM THE SHORE (IE
WHEN POLLED); AND
o BEING INTERFACED WITH AN EXTERNAL GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE RECEIVER (EG GPS), OR
HAVE AN INTERNAL POSITIONING CAPABILITY
o TRANSMITTED MESSAGE – IDENTITY, POSITION [LAT/LONG], DATE/TIME. IDENTITY IS THE
EQUIPMENT ID, I.E. IF SAT-C THE ID WOULD BE THE SAT-C 9-DIGIT TELEX ID NUMBER [ALWAYS
STARTS WITH 4, EG 435607810]
• COMMUNICATION SERVICE PROVIDER(S) [CSP] – RELAYS THE APR TO THE APPLICATION SERVICE
PROVIDER.
o THE CSP PROVIDES THE COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES WHICH TRANSFER LRIT DATA SECURELY
FROM SHIP TO AN APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER [ASP] ON SHORE. CMMUNICATION WILL
OFTEN BE VIA SATELLITE, BUT ANY METHOD CAN BE USED, AS LONG AS THE CORRECT PACKET OF
DATA ARRIVES ON SHORE AT THE RIGHT INTERVALS OR WHEN DEMANDED. CSP’S MAY ALSO CARRY
OUT THE DUTIES OF AN ASP. WHEN FORWARDING THE LRIT DATA, THE CSP ADDS THE LRIT ID
NUMBER OF THE ASP TO WHOM THE DATA IS BEING FORWARDED AND ALSO THE MESSAGE
RECEIVED AND RELAYED [SENT] TIMESTAMPS.
PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 5
 LRIT – WHAT DOES THE SYSTEM CONSIST OF
• APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER(S) [ASP] – IS APPOINTED BY A FLAG STATE. THEY CONVERT THE DATA TO
A COMMON DATA FORMAT/QOS [QUALITY OF SERVICE] STANDARD, ADDS CERTAIN SHIP INFORMATION
AND SENDS IT TO THE LRIT DATA CENTRE.
o THE ASP RECEIVES THE LRIT REPORTS FROM THE CSP, ADDS CERTAIN INFORMATION TO EACH
REPORT, AND FORWARDS THE REPORTS TO AN LRIT DATA CENTRE NOMINATED BY THE SHIP’S FLAG
STATE. THE INFORMATION ADDED BY THE ASP IS: SHIPS IMO AND MMSI NUMBERS, SHIPS NAME,
LRIT ID NUMBER OF THE DATA CENTRE TO WHOM THE DATA IS BEING FORWARDED AND ALSO THE
MESSAGE RECEIVED AND SENT TIMESTAMPS.
o THE ASP IS ALSO RESPONSIBLE FOR TESTING AND CONFIGURING THE SHIP’S COMMUNICATIONS
TERMINAL, BOTH WHEN THE TERMINAL IS NEW AND DURING CONTINUED LRIT REPORTING,
INCLUDING EXECUTING “ON DEMAND” TRANSMISSIONS OF LRIT DATA.
o SOMETIMES SHIP TERMINALS MAY STOP REPORTING AUTOMATICALLY. IN THESE CASES THE ASP IS
RESPONSIBLE FOR IDENTIFYING AND RESETTING THE AUTO-REPORT FUNCTION ON SHIP.
• LRIT DATA CENTRE(S) [DC] – STORES AND PROCESSES THE DATA AND DETERMINES WHICH REPORTS ARE
TO BE SENT TO OTHER COASTAL/PORT STATES VIA THE INTERNATIONAL DATA EXCHANGE BASED ON THE
DATA DISTRIBUTION PLAN.
o THE DC MUST ENSURE THAT LRIT DATA USERS ARE ONLY PROVIDED WITH THE INFORMATION THEY
ARE ENTITLED TO RECEIVE UNDER THE TERMS OF SOLAS REGULATION V/19.1.
o DC’S ARE REQUIRED TO ARCHIVE THEIR DATA SO THAT THE REPORTS CAN BE RECOVERED, IF
REQUIRED, AT A LATER DATE.

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 6

 LRIT – WHAT DOES THE SYSTEM CONSIST OF
o DC’S MAY BE NATIONAL (SERVING ONLY ONE GOVERNMENT); COOPERATIVE OR REGIONAL
(SERVINIG A NUMBER OF GOVERNMENTS), OR AN INTERNATIONAL DATA CENTRE (IDC) PROVIDING
LRIT SERVICES ON AN INTERNATIONAL BASIS TO MANY COUNTRIES.
• VESSEL MONITORING SYSTEM(S) [VMS] – PROVIDING TRACKING AND DATA CENTRE SERVICES.
o SOME VMS’ PROVIDE DATE CENTRE SERVICES AND ACT AS REGIONAL/CO-OPERATIVE DC’S.
• LRIT DATA DISTRIBUTION PLAN [DDP] – SPECIFIES WHICH ARE THE PARTIES AUTHORISED TO RECEIVE LRIT
DATA.
o THE DDP IS A DATABASE THAT HOLDS INFORMATION NEEDED TO ALLOW THE LRIT SYSTEM TO
OPERATE CORRECTLY. THE DDP IS CONSULTED BY THE DC’S IN ORDER TO DETERMINE WHETHER A
REQUEST FOR LRIT INFORMATION SHOULD BE ALLOWED UNDER THE RULES FOR THE
DISTRIBUTION OF LRIT DATA.
• INTERNATIONAL LRIT DATA EXCHANGE [DE OR IDE] – ROUTES DATA TO THE AUTHORISED RECEIVING
PARTIES.
o THE IDC FUNCTIONS AS AN EXCHANGE CENTER, PASSING MESSAGES TO AND FRO. THE IDC CANNOT
AND DOES NOT SEE OR KNOW THE CONTENTS OF THE LRIT MESSAGES PASSING THROUGH. THEY
ONLY MAINTAIN A JOURNAL OF WHEN A MESSAGE WAS RECEIVED AND WHEN IT WAS RELAYED TO
A USER.
• LRIT DATA USERS – AUTHORISED USERS OF THE LRIT SERVICE.
o THESE ARE THE FLAG STATES, COASTAL AND PORT STATES, SAR SERVICES THAT ARE ENTITLED TO
RECEIVE OR REQUEST FOR LRIT INFORMATION.

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 7

 LRIT – WHO CAN RECEIVE LRIT DATA
• LRIT INFORMATION IS PROVIDED TO CONTRACTING GOVERNMENTS TO THE 1974 SOLAS CONVENTION
AND SEARCH AND RESCUE SERVICES ENTITLED TO RECEIVE THE INFORMATION, UPON REQUEST,
THROUGH A SYSTEM OF NATIONAL, REGIONAL AND COOPERATIVE LRIT DATA CENTRES USING THE
INTERNATIONAL LRIT DATA EXCHANGE.
• EACH ADMINISTRATION SHOULD PROVIDE TO THE LRIT DATA CENTRE IT HAS SELECTED, A LIST OF THE
SHIPS ENTITLED TO FLY ITS FLAG, WHICH ARE REQUIRED TO TRANSMIT LRIT INFORMATION, TOGETHER
WITH OTHER SALIENT DETAILS AND SHOULD UPDATE, WITHOUT UNDUE DELAY, SUCH LISTS AS AND
WHEN CHANGES OCCUR.
• SHIPS SHOULD ONLY TRANSMIT THE LRIT INFORMATION TO THE LRIT DATA CENTRE SELECTED BY THEIR
ADMINISTRATION.

WHO HAS ACCESS TO LRIT DATA – AUTHORISED RECEIVERS :

• FLAG – FULL ACCESS TO ALL SHIPS UNDER THEIR FLAG.
• COASTAL/PORT STATE – ENHANCED LRIT INFORMATION & REPORTS. COASTAL STATE CAN POLL AND
TRACK SHIPS UPTO 1000NM FROM THEIR COAST. PORT STATE CAN POLL AND TRACK SHIPS AT ANY
DISTANCE FOLLOWING A NOTICE-OF-PORT-CALL [USUALLY UPTO 96H PRE-ENTRY].
• PIRACY PREVENTION TASK FORCES – AUTOMATED OTH-GOLD [OVER THE HORIZON-GOLD] TACTICAL
FEED [SPECIAL FORMAT].
• SEARCH & RESCUE SERVICES – AUTHORISED SAR SERVICES MAY REQUEST AND RECEIVE LRIT DATA FOR
VESSELS WITHIN THEIR SAR AREA.
ADDITIONALLY, SOME FLAGS HAVE PROVIDED ACCESS TO THE FOLLOWING:
• SHIPOWNER – ACCESS RESTRICTED TO OWN SHIPS.
• SURVEYORS – RESTRICTED ACCESS TO VERIFY LRIT CONFORMANCE TESTS.
• AGENTS AND CHARTERERS – SELECTIVE ACCESS IF GRANTED BY SHIPOWNER.
8
PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV
 LRIT – SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

AUTH.
USERS

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 9

 LRIT – HOW INFORMATION FLOWS
SAT SAT – Satellite
CSP – Communication Service Provider
[may be combined with ASP]
ASP – Application Service Provider [Flag
CSP – adds ASP ID & timestamps. appointed]
DC – Data Centre [data storage – Flag
appointed]. May be a National Data
Centre [serving Flag State], a Regional
Data Centre [serving several Flags in a
ASP – adds DC ID, timestamps, ship ID, name and MMSI. region] or an International Data Centre
S [serving several Flags globally]
Other duties - Monitors the ships LRIT, re-programs the LRIT transmission
H DDP – Data Distribution Plan
I
times, re-starts the LRIT system if it hangs up, tests the LRIT.
IDE – International Data Exchange
P

Timestamps – message received and

sent times.
DC – adds timestamps, forwards to Flag.
Checks the DDP and forwards the LRIT
Flag
message to other authorised receivers
through the IDE.

DDP – Lists the parties

IDE – acts as an exchange and forwards LRIT
authorised to receive
messages to authorised receivers. When an
LRIT messages.
incoming request is received from a party, checks
the DDP and forwards the request through the DC,
ASP, CSP to the ship.

Authorised receivers.

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 10

 LRIT – HOW INFORMATION FLOWS
• THE SHIP SENDS AN APR VIA SAT-C THROUGH THE CSP [COMMUNICATIONS SERVICE PROVIDER] WHO
THEN FORWARDS IT THROUGH THE ASP [APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER] TO THE DC [DATA CENTRE].
• THE DC FORWARDS THE APR TO THE FLAG STATE AND QUERIES THE DDP [DATA DISTRIBUTION PLAN] TO
TO CLARIFY THAT OTHER REQUESTING PARTIES HAVE THE RIGHT TO THE LRIT DATA.
• FOR ANOTHER FLAG STATE TO ACCESS THE INFORMATION, THEY MUST SEND A REQUEST TO THE IDE.
LINKED TO IDE IS THE DATA DISTRIBUTION DLAN (DDP) THAT WILL HAVE THE ‘ROUTEING RULES’ AND THIS
WILL VERIFY THAT THE ‘REQUESTOR’ CAN ACCESS THE INFORMATION.
• EACH CONTRACTING GOVERNMENT WILL PROVIDE THESE ROUTEING RULES TO THE IMO, WHO HAS
DEVELOPED THE DDP.
• THE DDP ENSURES THAT LRIT DATA FLOWS ACCORDING TO THE WISHES OF A CONTRACTING
GOVERNMENT – I.E. PROVIDING THE INFORMATION ON VESSELS WITHIN 1,000 NAUTICAL MILES, OR 96
HOURS OUT FROM PORT.
• IF THE DDP VERIFIES THAT THE INFORMATION REQUEST IS VALID, THE IDE WILL THEN ACT AS A LINK
BETWEEN THE REQUESTING PARTY AND THE PROVIDING DATA CENTRE.

• COMMUNICATIONS SERVICE PROVIDER [CSP] - FOR INDIA IT IS TATA COMMUNICATIONS

• APPLICATIONS SERVICE PROVIDER [ASP] - FOR INDIA IT IS AT THE NATIONAL DATA CENTRE [NDC] AT DG
SHIPPING [DEVELOPED BY ANTRIX/SAC]
• LRIT DATA CENTRE [LDC OR DC] - FOR INDIA IT IS THE NATIONAL DATA CENTRE [NDC] AT DG SHIPPING
[DEVELOPED BY ANTRIX/SAC]
• VESSEL MONITORING SYSTEMS [VMS]
• LRIT DATA DISTRIBUTION PLAN [LDDP OR DDP]
• LRIT DATA EXCHANGE [LDE OR DE]
PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 11
 LRIT – DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LRIT AND AIS
1] AIS OPERATES IN THE VHF BAND WITH LINE OF SIGHT TRANSMISSION AND HAS THEREFORE "LOCAL”
COVERAGE ONLY.
LRIT IS A SATELLITE BASED SYSTEM AND HAS "GLOBAL" COVERAGE.
2] IN THE CASE OF LONG RANGE AIS [SATELLITE BASED], THE SATELLITE SYSTEM CAN RECEIVE DATA, AND IF
PROGRAMMED, SHORE STATIONS CAN POLL THE AIS.
LRIT PERMITS BI-DIRECTIONAL COMMUNICATION AND AUTHORISED REQUESTING AUTHORITY CAN
POLL/INSTRUCT THE SHIPS SYSTEM TO CHANGE ITS APR [AUTO-POSITION REPORT] FREQUENCY, INCREASING
IT TO UPTO EVERY 15 MINUTES.
3] AIS IS A CONTINUOUSLY ON SYSTEM, UPDATING ITS STATIC, DYNAMIC, VOYAGE DATA AT INTERVALS OF A
FEW SECONDS.
LRIT IS A CONTINUOUSLY ON SYSTEM, NORMALLY BROADCASTING AN APR [AUTO-POSITION REPORT] ONLY
ONCE EVERY 6 HOURS.
4] AIS IS A BROADCAST SYSTEM, I.E. PUBLIC, AVAILABLE TO ALL SHIPS, NEARBY VTS OR COAST AIS STATIONS.
NO CHARGE FOR INFORMATION.
LRIT DATA IS ONLY AVAILABLE TO PARTIES THAT ARE ENTITLED TO THE INFORMATION AS PER THE DDP [DATA
DISTRIBUTION PLAN] AND INFORMATION MUST BE PURCHASED.
5] AIS IS PRIMARILY A COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM MANDATED BY THE IMO AND IS OF GREAT USE TO
NEARBY VESSELS AND VTS SYSTEMS.
LRIT IS A REPORTING SYSTEM THAT ASSISTS CONCERNED PARTIES LIKE FLAG STATE, COASTAL STATE, PORT
STATE AND SAR AUTHORITIES IN IDENTIFYING AND TRACKING THEIR OWN VESSELS AS WELL AS VESSELS
ENTERING OR PLYING WITHIN THEIR WATERS.

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 12

 LRIT – DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LRIT AND AIS
6] AIS PROVIDES NAVIGATIONAL INFORMATION OF A VESSEL INCLUDING ID, POSITION, COURSE, SPEED,
HEADING ROT ETC, AS WELL AS DATA REGARDING THE TYPE OF VESSEL, HER DIMENSIONS, DRAFT, CARGO,
VOYAGE DATA INCLUDING DESTINATION ETC IN FOUR MSG FORMS - STATIC, DYNAMIC, VOYAGE-RELATED AND
SAFETY RELATED MESSAGES.
LRIT PROVIDES ONLY ID, POSITION AND DATE/TIME INFORMATION.
7] IN AIS, OTHER THAN STATIC DATA, THE USER MUST MANUALLY UPDATE DYNAMIC, VOYAGE AND SAFETY
RELATED DATA.
IN LRIT THERE IS NO USER INTERVENTION.
8] AIS DATA IS READABLE ON A DISPLAY.
LRIT HAS NO DISPLAY.

PREP.BY. CAPT.S.F. GOMEZ DATE: 10APR17 REV. 2 OF 02APR20 PH2-SM-NCV 13