CARBOCATION AND FREE RADICAL (Organic Chemistry)

EXERCISE – I 6. For the reactions

1. Which of the following carbocation is most stable?
(I)

(II)
(A) (B)

(III)

(C) (D) (IV)

2. Which carbocation is least likely to be formed as an The correct decreasing order of enthalpies of reaction
intermediate? for producing carbocation is
+ (A) ΔH10 > ΔH20 > ΔH30 > ΔH40
(A) ( C6 H5 ) 3 C (B) (B)ΔH40 > ΔH10 > ΔH20 > ΔH30
(C) ΔH30 > ΔH20 > ΔH10 > ΔH40
(D) ΔH20 > ΔH10 > ΔH40 > ΔH30
+ 7. Which is not the correct statement for given
(C) (D) CH3 − CH2
compound:

3. Which one of the following carbocation would you

expect to rearrange:
(A) I is more soluble than bromocyclopropane
(B) I gives pale yellow ppt. on addition with AgNO3
(C) I has lower dipole moment than bromocyclopropane
(A) (B) (D) On reaction with AlBr3 , I will produce aromatic
compound having 3 equivalent resonating structures
8. A solution of (−) − 1-chloro-1-phenylethane in
toluene racemises slowly in the presence of a small
amount of SbCl 5 , due to the formation of:
(C) (D) (A) carbanion (B) carbene
(C) carbocation (D) free radical

4. How many 1, 2-shifts are involved during the course 9. How many 1, 2-Shifts are involved during the course
of following reaction: of following reaction:

(A) 1 (B) 0
(C) 3 (D) 4
(A) 1 (B) 2
10. Major product of following reaction is:
(C) 3 (D) 4
5. How many following carbocation undergo re-
arrangement?
(a) CH3 CH2 CH2+ (b) (CH3 )2 CHCH + CH3
(c) (CH3 ) 3 CCH CH3
+
(d) (CH3 CH2 )3 CCH2+ (A) (B)
(e) (f)

(C) (D)
(g) (h)
11. Major product of following reaction is:
(A) 5 (B) 8
(C) 6 (D) 7

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16. Major product of following reaction is:

(A) (B)

(C) (D) (A) (B)

12. Among the given compounds, the correct dehydrati on (C) (D)
order is:
(I) (II) 17. Major product of following reaction is:

(III) (IV)

(A) I < II < III < IV (B) II < III < IV < I
(C) I < III < IV < II (D) I < II < III = IV (A)
13. Major product of following reaction is:

(B)

(A) (B)

(C) (D) (C)

14. Rate of dehydration when given compounds are

treated with conc. H2 SO4 :
(D)

(A) (B)

18. What is the decreasing order of rate of reaction with

(C) (D) HBr for the following benzyl alcohol and its derivative :

15. One of the major product of following reaction is:

(A) A > C > D > B (B) A > B > D > C

(C) D > C > B > A (D) A > B > C > D
19. Which will dehydrate at fastest rate by H3 PO4 :
(A) (B)
(A) 2-methyl butan-2-ol (B) 3-methyl butan-2-ol
(C) Butan-1-ol (D) 2-methyl butan-1-ol

20. The double bond which is most reactive

(C) (D)

towards electrophile:
(A) a (B) b
(C) c (D) None

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21. The major product formed in the following reaction is: 26. In the given reaction, (X) cannot be:

(A) (B)

(C) (D)
(A) (B)

27. Major product of the reaction is:

(C) (D)
(A) (B)
22. How many products are obtained in the given
reaction: (C) (D)

28. Major product of following reaction is:

(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4
(A) (B)
23. Compare rate of reaction towards pinacol to
pinacolone rearrangement.
(C) (D)

29. Arrange the following compounds in decreasing order

(A) II > III > I (B) III > II > I of electrophilic addition:
(C) II > I > III (D) I > II > III
24. Major product of following reaction is:
(A) P > Q > R (B) P > R > Q
(C) R > P > Q (D) R > Q > P
30. Major product mixture (without rearrangement of
carbocation) of following reaction is:
(A) (B)

(C) (D)
(A) Racemic mixture (B) Optically inactive
(C) Mixture of diastereomers (D) Meso product
31. Correct statement regarding products P, Q & R is:
25. What is the order of reactivity with HBr :

(A) a > b > c (B) b > a > c

(C) c > b > a (D) b > c > a

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(A) Product P & R are same 37. Consider the following groups, the order of leaving
(B) Product Q & R are same group nature is:
(C) P & Q are functional isomers (I) −OAc (II) −OMe
(D) Product P, Q & R all are different (III) −OSO 2 Me (IV) −OSO 2 CF3
(A) I > II > III > IV (B) IV > III > I > II
32. Select the incorrect statement about the product
(C) III > II > I > IV (D) II > III > IV > I
mixture in the following reaction:
38. The correct order of rate of following Wurtz recations :
(I)
(A) It is optically active
(B) It is racemic mixture (II)
(C) It is a resolvable mixture
(D) It is a mixture of erythro compounds
(III)
33. Which of the following is not correct about P2 :

(IV)

(A) It is a spiro compound (A) I > II > III > IV

(B) It is a Ketone (B) II > I > III > IV
(C) It can show tautomerism (C) IV > III > II > I
(D) Its double bond equivalent is 4 (D) In all rate of Wurtz reaction is same
34. Major product of following reaction is: 39. Major product of following reaction is:

(A)

(A) (B)

(B)
(C) (D)

35. Select incorrect statements about the product (P) of

the reaction: (C)

(D) None of these

40. Find out the correct order of rate of reaction towards
(A) P is optically inactive due to internal free radical allylic substitution:
compensation
(B) P is optically inactive due to the presence of plane
of symmetry in the molecule
(C) The structure of P can have three optical isomers
possible.
(D) P can have four possible optical isomers.
36. Which of the following will produce vicinal (A) I > II > III (B) II > I > III
dibromide on reaction with Conc. HBr ? (C) III > II > I (D) III > I > II
(A) Alkyne (B) Allene
(C) Vinyl bromide (D) Allyl bromide

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EXERCISE – II (B) Dihaloalkanes having the same type of halogen

1. Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula atoms on adjacent atoms are named as alkylene
" C5 H12 ", which of the following yields four structures dihalides
of monochlorides on photochemical chlorination. (C) In common name system gem-dihalides are
named as alkylidene halide
(A) (B) (D) In common name system vic-dihalides are named
as alkylene halide

(C) (D) 8. Which of the following is(are) correct order of

nucleophilicity?

2. Products which can be obtained during the reaction (A)

in good yield:
(B) HOO − > HO − in DMSO
(C) H2 S > H2 O

(A) (B) (D)

9. Which of following reaction products are

diastereomer of each other:
(C) (D)

(A)

3. Correct statement(s) for the monochlorinated

products of following reaction.
CH2 = CH − CH2CH3 ⎯⎯⎯⎯
Cl2 /500ºC
→
(A) Four different products are formed (B)
(B) Two optically active products are formed
(C) The optically active compound formed here can
also be made by the reaction of HCl (C)
(D) The reaction path is free radical substitution.
4. In the given reaction, find out the correct statement(s) (D)

(A) It gives total 9 allylic brominated products

(B) 6 fractions are obtained on fractional distillation 10. Which of following reaction products are
of product mixture diastereomer of each other:
(C) Substrate has 7 allylic hydrogens
(D) NBS is a brominating agent for allylic positions
5. Which of the following can be produced by Wurtz
reaction in good yield: (A)

(A) (B)
(B)
(C) (D)

(C)
6. Products formed when HCl adds to 2,4 -hexadiene is:
(A) 4-chloro-2-hexene (B) 2-chloro-3-hexene
(C) 2-chloro-4-hexene (D) 1-chloro-2-hexene (D)
7. Correct statements among the following is/are:
(A) Dihaloalkanes having the same type of halogen
atoms on same atom are named as alkylidene
dihalides

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11. Correct statements for given reaction is (are): 15. Select True statement(s):
(A) Cyclopropane decolorizes bromine water
(B) In general, bromination is more selective than
chlorination.
(A) Product mixture is resolvable (C) The 2,4,6-tri-tert, butylphenoxy radical is
(B) Product can be separated by fractional resistant to dimerization.
distillation of mixture (D) The radical-catalysed chlorination, ArCH3 →
(C) Two products possible & both are optically active ArCH2 Cl , occurs faster when Ar = phenyl than when
(D) Products are diastereomer Ar = p-nitrophenyl.
12. Which of the following can be formed during this 16. Number of following reactions which produces
reaction? hydrocarbon as major product?

(A) (B)
(A) 2 (B) 4
(C) 5 (D) 6
(C) (D)
17. Correct statement regarding major product is/are:

13. Major product of following reaction is:

(A) odd no. of double bond equivalent in product

(B) product is bicyclic compound
(C) product can show geometrical isomerism
(D) reaction involve carbocation as intermediate
18. Major product of following reaction is:
(A) (B)

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(C) (D)

14. Major product (Q) of following reaction is:

19. Statement-1: HBr shows antimarkownikoff's
addition on propene but not HCl.
Statement-2: H − Br is stronger acid than H − Cl.
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and
statement-2 is correct explanation for statement 1 .
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and
statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for
(A) (B)
statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
(C) (D)

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20. Each of the compounds in column A is subjected to further chlorination. Match the following for them:
Column-A Column-B
(A) CHCl 2 − CH2 − CH3 (P) Optically active original compound
(B) CH2 Cl − CHCl − CH3 (Q) Only one trichloro product
(C) CH2 Cl − CH2 − CH2 − Cl (R) Three trichloro product.
(D) CH3 − CCl 2 − CH3 (S) Four trichloro product

(E) (T) Atleast one of the trichloro product is optically active

(U) Two trichloro products.

21. Column-I (Intermediate) Column-II
(A) Carbocation (P) Kolbey Electrolysis
(B) Carbanion (Q) Wurtz reaction
(C) Free radical (R) Dehydration of alcohol
(D) Octet complete in one of the intermediate sodalime (S) Monocarboxylic acid with
22. Match the Column.
Column-I (Reaction) Column-II (Potential Energy Curve)

(A) (P)

(B) (Q)

(C) (R)

(D) (S)

23. RCl is treated with Li in ether to form R − Li, R − Li reacts with water to form isopentane.
R − Cl also reacts with sodium to form 2, 7-dimethyloctane. What is the structure of R − Cl.

24. A chloroderivative ' X ' on reduction gave a hydrocarbon with five carbon atoms in the molecule. When X is dissolved in
ether and treated with sodium, 2, 2, 5, 5-tetramethyl hexane is obtained. What is compound X.

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25. With the help of following data show HBr exhibits the peroxide effect.
ΔH10 /kJmol −1 ΔH20 /kJmol −1
H−X Ẋ + CH2 = CH2 → XCH2 − ĊH2 XCH2 − ĊH2 + H − X → XCH2 CH3 + Ẋ

HCl –67 +12.6
HBr –25.1 –50.2
HI +46 –117.1
26. Write all the monochlorinated products (including stereo) of isohexane.
27. What are the products of the following reactions?

(A) PhCH = CHCH 3 + HBr ⟶ A (B)

(C) (D)

28. It required 0.7 g of a hydrocarbon (A) to react completely with Br2 (2.0 g) and form a non resolvable product. On
treatment of (A) with HBr it yielded monobromo alkane (B). The same compound (B) was obtained when (A) was
treated with HBr in presence of peroxide. Write down the structure formula of (A) and (B) and explain the reactions
involved.
29. Complete following reaction:

30. CH ≡ C − CH2 − CH = CH2 , adds up HBr to give CH ≡ C − CH2 − CHBr − CH3 while
CH ≡ C − CH = CH2 adds up HBr to give CH2 = C. Br. CH = CH2 .
31. In study of chlorination of propane four products (A, B, C, D) of molecular formula C3 H6 Cl 2 were obtained. On further
chlorination of the above products A gave one trichloro product, B gave two whereas C and D gave three each. When
optically active C was chlorinated one of trichloro propanes was optically active and remaining two were optically
inactive. Identify the structures of A, B, C and D, and explain formation of products.

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EXERCISE – III (JEE-MAIN) (A) CH3 CD(I)CHD(Cl) (B) CH3 CD (Cl)CHD(I)

1. The reaction of propene with HOCl (Cl 2 + H2 O) (C) CH3 CD2 CH(Cl)(I) (D) CH3 C(I)(Cl)CHD 2
proceeds through the intermediate:
8. The major products A and B in the following
[JEE MAIN 2016]
reactions are: [JEE MAIN-2020]
(A) CH3 − CHCl − CH2+
(B) CH3 − CH + − CH2 − OH
(C) CH3 − CH + − CH2 − Cl
(D) CH3 − CH(OH) − CH2+
2. 3-Methyl-pent-2-ene on reaction with HBr in
presence of peroxide forms an addition product. The (A)
number of possible stereoisomers for the product is:
[JEE MAIN 2017]
(B)
(A) Six (B) Zero
(C) Two (D) Four
3. The increasing order of nucleophilicity of the (C)
following nucleophiles is: [JEE MAIN 2019]
(a) CH3 CO2Θ (b) H2 O
⊖
(c) CH3 SO 3Θ (d) O H (D)
(A) (b) < (c) < (d) < (a) (B) (b) < (c) < (a) < (d)
(C) (a) < (d) < (c) < (b) (C) (d) < (a) < (c) < (b)
4. The major product of the following addition reaction 9. The major product of the following reaction is:
is: [JEE MAIN 2019] [JEE MAIN 2020]
(A) (B)

(C) (D)
(A) (B)

5. An 'Assertion' and a 'Reason' are given below. Choose

the correct answer form the following options:
[JEE MAIN 2019]
Assertion (A): Vinyl halides do not undergo (C) (D)
nucleophilic substitution easily.
Reason (R): Even though the intermediate
carbocation is stabilized by loosely held π electrons,
the cleavage is difficult because of strong bonding. 10. The major product in the following reaction is:
(A) (A) is a correct statement but (R) is a wrong [JEE MAIN 2020]
statement.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct statements but (R) is
not the correct explanations of (A).
(C) Both (A) and (R) are wrong statements
(D) Both (A) and (r) are correct statements and (R) is
the correct explanation of (A).
(A) (B)
6. Which one of the following alkenes when treated
with HCl yields majorly an anti Markovnikov
product? [JEE MAIN 2019]
(A) F3 C − CH = CH2 (B) H2 N − CH = CH2
(C) CH3 O − CH = CH2 (D) Cl − CH = CH2 (C) (D)
7. The major product of the following reaction is:
[JEE MAIN 2019]
CH3C  CH ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
(i)DCl(1equic)
(ii)DI
→

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11. The major product [B] in the following sequence of

reactions is: [JEE MAIN 2020] 15.

Consider the above reaction, the major product "P"

(A)
formed is: [JEE MAIN 2021]

(B)

(A)
(C)

(D) (B)

12. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as

Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). (C)
Assertion (A) : Treatment of bromine water with
propene yields 1-bromopropan-2-ol.
Reason (R) : Attack of water on bromonium ion
follows Markovnikov rule and results in 1-
bromopropan −2 − ol. (C)
In the light of the above statements, choose the most
appropriate answer from the options given below :
[JEE MAIN 2021] 16.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the
correct explanation of (A).
(B) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct consider the above reaction, and choose the correct
explanation of (A) statement: [JEE MAIN 2021]
(D) (A) is true but (R) is false. (A) The reaction is not possible in acidic medium
(B) Both compounds A and B are formed equally
13. In the given reaction 3 -Bromo-2, 2 -dimethyl butane (C) Compound A will be the major product
C 2 H3OH ′A′ (D) Compound B will be the major product
⟶ Product A is:
(Major Product)
hv
[JEE MAIN 2021] 17. (C7 H5 O2 )2 ⟶ [X] + 2Ċ 6 H5 + 2CO2
(A) 2-Ethoxy-3, 3-dimethyl butane Consider the above reaction and identify the
(B) 1-Ethoxy-3, 3-dimethyl butane intermediate 'X' [JEE MAIN 2022]
(C) 2 -Ethoxy-2, 3 -dimethyl butane
(D) 2-Hydroxy-3, 3-dimethyl butane
(A) (B)

14.
(C) (D)
18. The major product (P) of the given reaction is (where,
Consider the above reaction, the major product ' P′ is:
Me is −CH3 ) [JEE MAIN 2022]
[JEE MAIN 2021]

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

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23. In the following given reaction 'A' is [JEE MAIN 2023]

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

19. The major product 'A' of the following given reaction (A) (B)
has ____ sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. 2,7 – Dimethyl
H+ A
1 - 2,6-octadiene ⟶
Major product
[JEE MAIN 2022] (C) (D)
20. The products formed in the following reaction.
[JEE MAIN 2022] 24. The compound which will have the lowest rate
towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution on treatment
with OH − is [JEE MAIN 2023]

(A) (A) (B)

(B)

(C) (D)
(C)

25. Find out the major product for the following reaction.
(D) [JEE MAIN 2023]

21. Arrange the following in increasing order of reactivity

towards nitration [JEE MAIN 2022]
A. p-xylene B. bromobenzene
C. mesitylene D. nitrobenzene (A) (B)
E. benzene
Choose the correct answer from the options given
below
(A) C < D < E < A < B (B) D < B < E < A < C (C) (D)
(C) D < C < E < A < B (D) C < D < E < B < A
22. Choose the correct option for the following reactions. 26. The major products 'A' and 'B', respectively, are
[JEE MAIN 2022] [JEE MAIN 2023]

(A) 'A' and 'B' are both Markovnikov addition products. (A)
(B) 'A' is Markovnikov product and 'B' is anti
Markovnikov product.
(C) 'A' and 'B' are both anti-Markovnikov products.
(D) 'B' is Markovnikov and 'A' is antiMarkovnikov (B)
product.

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C2H5Br ⎯⎯⎯⎯ →A ⎯⎯⎯ →B ⎯⎯⎯ →C ⎯⎯⎯ →D

+
(C) 29. alc.KOH Br2 KCN H3O
CCl4 Excess Excess
Acid D formed in above reaction is:
[JEE MAIN 2024]
(D) (A) Gluconic acid (B) Succinic acid
(C) Oxalic acid (D) Malonic acid
30. Identify B formed in the reaction.
27. [JEE MAIN 2024]
excess NH3 NaOH
Cl − (CH2 ) 4 − Cl → A→ B + H2 O + NaCl
(A) (B) H2 N − (CH2 )4 − NH2
[JEE MAIN 2023]

+ +
(A) (B) (C) ClN H3 − (CH2 )4 − NH3 Cl − (D)

31. Alkyl halide is converted into alkyl isocyanide by

reaction with [JEE MAIN 2024]
(C) (D) (A) NaCN (B) NH4 CN
(C) KCN (D) AgCN
32. 2-chlorobutane +Cl 2 → C4 H8 Cl 2 (isomers)
28. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as [JEE MAIN 2024]
Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Total number of optically active isomers shown by
[JEE MAIN 2024] C4 H8 Cl 2 , obtained in the above reaction is.
Assertion (A) : Haloalkanes react with KCN to form
alkyl cyanides as a main product while with AgCN
33.
form isocyanide as the main product.
Reason (R): KCN and AgCN both are highly ionic
[JEE MAIN 2024]
compounds.
The total number of hydrogen atoms in product A and
In the light of the above statement, choose the most
product B is _____.
appropriate answer from the options given below:
(A) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A)
(C) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct
(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A)

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EXERCISE – IV (JEE ADVANCED)

1. Benzyl chloride ( C6 H5 CH2 Cl ) can be prepared from toluene by chlorination with: [IIT 1998]
(A) SO 2 Cl 2 (B) SOCl 2 (C) Cl 2 , (hv) (D) NaOCl
2. Which of the following has the highest nucleophilicity? [IIT 2000]
(A) F − (B) OH − (C) CH3− (D) NH2−
3. In the following reaction, the major product is [JEE ADVANCED 2015]

(A) (B) (C) (D)

4. The correct statement(s) for the following addition reactions is (are) [JEE ADVANCED 2017]

(A) (M and O) and ( N and P) are two pairs of diastereomers

(B) Bromination proceeds through trans-addition in both the reactions
(C) O and P are identical molecules
(D) (M and O) and ( N and P) are two pairs of enantiomers
5. Choose the correction option for the following reaction [JEE ADVANCED 2019]

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

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6. Consider the following transformations of a compound P. [JEE ADVANCED 2020]

Choose the correct option(s).

7. Match the reactions in List-I with the features of their products in List-II and choose the correct option.
List-I List-II [JEE ADVANCED 2023]
(P) ( − ) − 1 − Bromo − 2 − ethylepentane ⎯⎯⎯⎯→ aq.NaOH
(1) Inversion of configuration
SN 2reaction
 
 singleenantiomer 
 

(Q) ( − ) − 2 − Bromopentane ⎯⎯⎯⎯

aq.NaOH
→ (2) Retention of configuration
S 2reaction
N
 
 singleenantiomer 
 

(R) ( − ) − 3 − Bromo − 3 − methylhexane ⎯⎯⎯⎯

aq.NaOH
→ (3) Mixture of enantiomers
S 1reaction
N
 
 singleenantiomer 
 

(S) (4) Mixture of structural isomers

(5) Mixture of diastereomers

(A) P → 1; Q → 2; R → 5; S → 3 (B) P → 2; Q → 1; R → 3; S → 5
(C) P → 1; Q → 2; R → 5; S → 4 (D) P → 2; Q → 4; R → 3; S → 5

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ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE - I
1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (D) 5. (B) 6. (B) 7. (C)
8. (C) 9. (A) 10. (A) 11. (D) 12. (A) 13. (D) 14. (C)
15. (D) 16. (D) 17. (A) 18. (D) 19. (A) 20. (B) 21. (C)
22. (B) 23. (C) 24. (D) 25. (B) 26. (D) 27. (D) 28. (B)
29. (B) 30. (C) 31. (A) 32. (A) 33. (D) 34. (D) 35. (D)
36. (D) 37. (B) 38. (C) 39. (C) 40. (C) 41. (B) 42. (C)
43. (B) 44. (A) 45. (A) 46. (C) 47. (A) 48. (BD) 49. (C)
50. (B) 51. (B) 52. (A) 53. (B)
EXERCISE – II
1. C 2. AB 3. ABD 4. ACD 5. BD 6. AB 7. ABCD
8. BCD 9. AD 10. AB 11. AC 12. ABD 13. B 14. C
15. ABCD 16. B 17. ABC 18. AC 19. B
20. (A) → S, T; (B) → P, S, T; (C) → U; (D) → Q; (E) → T, U
21. (A) → R; (B) → Q, S; (C) → P, Q; (D) → Q, S 22 (A) → P; (B) → P; (C) → Q; (D) → R;

23. 1-chloro-3-methylbutane 24.

25.

26.

27. Not available.

28. (a)

(b)

29. Not available. 30. Not available. 31. Not available.

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EXERCISE – III (JEE MAIN)

1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (4) 4. (2) 5. (1) 6. (1) 7. (4)
8. (3) 9. (1) 10. (3) 11. (3) 12. (C) 13. (C) 14. (C)
15. (B) 16. (C) 17. (D) 18. (C) 19. (B) 20. (B) 21. (B)
22. (B) 23. (D) 24. (D) 25. (B) 26. (A) 27. (A) 28. (A)
29. (B) 30. (B) 31. (D) 32. (6) 33. (10)
EXERCISE – IV (JEE ADVANCED)
1. (A,C) 2. (C) 3. (D) 4. (A,B) 5. (A,D) 6. (B,C) 7. (B)

5.

6.

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SOLUTION
EXERCISE – III (JEE - MAIN)

12.

Its IUPAC name 1-bromopropan-2-ol

A and R are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

13.

14.

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15.

16.

17.

18.

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19.

20.

21.

−NO2 is strongly deactivating

−Br − deactivating
−CH3 − activating group
D<B<E< A<C

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22.

23.

24. Electron withdrawing groups are highly ineffective at meta position in nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

Hence compound will have lowest

rate in nucleophilic aromatic substitution.

25.

26.

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27.

28.

AgCN is mainly covalent in nature and nitrogen is available for attack, so alkyl isocyanide is formed as main product.

29.

 
30. Cl − (CH 2 ) 4 − Cl ⎯⎯⎯
excess
→ Cl − NH 3 − (CH 2 ) 4 − NH 3Cl −
NH3

(A)

 NaOH
2NaCl + H 2O + NH 2 − (CH 2 ) 4 − NH 2
31. Covalent character of AgCN.

32.

33.

Total number of hydrogen atom in A and B is 10

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