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    Module 2 Solid Mensuration Part 2

    Uploaded by

    Shaena Villaluz

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Module 2 Solid Mensuration Part 2

    Uploaded by

    Shaena Villaluz
    1 views41 pages

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    1 views41 pages

    Module 2 Solid Mensuration Part 2

    Uploaded by

    Shaena Villaluz

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    SOLID MENSURATION

    MODULE 2: POINTS, PARALLEL,


    PERPENDICULAR, INTERSECTING LINES AND
    PLANES Part 2
    ENGR. MELANNIE B. MENDOZA
    ANGLE
    • An angle is the figure formed by two rays
    or line segments that share a common
    endpoint, known as the vertex of the
    angle.
    • The rays or segments are called the sides
    of the angle.
    ANGLE MEASUREMENT
    1. Degrees (°): The most common unit of angular
    measurement, a circle is divided into 360 degrees.
    Each degree is further divided into minutes (') and
    seconds (").
    • 1 degree = 60 minutes
    • 1 minute = 60 seconds
    2. Radians (rad): Radians are another unit of angular
    measurement frequently used, especially in
    trigonometry and calculus. One radian is the angle
    subtended when the arc length is equal to the radius
    of the circle.
    • 1 revolution = 2πrad
    ANGLE MEASUREMENT
    3. Gradient or Gon: This is a less common unit where 1
    revolution is divided into 400 gradians (equal parts).
    • 1 gradian = 0.9 degrees

    4. Revolutions or Turns: An angle can also be


    measured in terms of the number of complete
    revolutions or turns it makes. One complete revolution
    is equal to 360 degrees.

    5. mil: 6400 mils in one revolution , a "mil" is short for


    milliradian. A milliradian is an angular measurement
    equal to 1/1000th of a radian. Used in military science.
    ANGLE MEASUREMENT
    10 grad= 10º
    Πrad = 180º
    0.0563mil=1º

    1mil= 0.001 rad


    1rad= 360º/2 Π~57º 17’ 8” (57.3º)
    ANGLE MEASUREMENT
    Convert the following:

    Degree Radian Gradient mil


    π
    rad
    5
    250
    2,000mil
    10 grad= 10º
    Πrad = 180º
    0.0563mil=1º

    1mil= 0.001 rad


    1rad= 360º/2 Π~57º 17’ 8” (57.3º)
    FORMS OF ANGLE
    • Acute Angle: An angle that measures less than 90
    degrees.
    • Right Angle: An angle that measures exactly 90
    degrees. It forms an "L" shape.
    • Obtuse Angle: An angle that measures more than 90
    degrees but less than 180 degrees.
    • Straight Angle: An angle that measures exactly 180
    degrees. It forms a straight line.
    • Reflex Angle: An angle that measures more than 180
    degrees but less than 360 degrees.
    FORMS OF ANGLE
    • Full Angle(CIRCULAR): An angle that measures
    exactly 360 degrees. It represents one complete
    revolution.
    • Vertical Angles: A pair of non-adjacent angles
    formed by the intersection of two lines. They are
    always equal.
    FORMS OF ANGLE
    • Complementary Angles: Two angles whose measures
    add up to 90 degrees. Each angle is called the
    complement of the other.
    • Supplementary Angles: Two angles whose measures
    add up to 180 degrees. Each angle is called the
    supplement of the other.
    EXERCISE
    1. Find the measure of the complement and the
    supplement of the following angles:
    a. 85° b.45 ° 25’ c. 20 ° 4’25”
    POLYGON
    • A polygon is a two-dimensional geometric figure
    that is defined by a finite set of straight line
    segments connected to form a closed figure.
    • A polygon has three or more sides and angles, and it
    lies in a single plane.

    • sides or edges are segments that makes the


    polygon,
    • vertices are the points where two segments meet.
    PARTS OF THE POLYGON
    PARTS OF THE POLYGON

    Diagonal line: connecting 2 adjacent vertices


    Interior angle: angle formed by 2 adjacent sides inside
    the polygon
    Exterior angle: angle formed by 2 adjacent sides
    outside the polygon
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    POINT
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    LINE
    A line is a straight, one-dimensional
    geometric figure that extends infinitely in
    both directions and has no width.
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    LINE

    ray segment
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    Ray
    A ray is a part of a line that has one
    endpoint and goes on infinitely in only one
    direction. You cannot measure the length of
    a ray.

    Line segment
    A line segment has two endpoints. It
    contains these endpoints and all the points
    of the line between them. You can measure
    the length of a segment, but not of a line.
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    PARALLEL LINES are lines that lie in the same
    plane and cannot meet however far they
    are produced. They have no common
    point, otherwise they are INTERSECTING
    LINES.
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    TRANSVERSAL LINE is a line that crosses at
    least two other lines.
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    BROKEN LINE line segment connected at
    endpoints
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    TRANSVERSAL LINE is a line that crosses at
    least two other lines.
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    COLLINEAR POINTS points lying on the same
    line.
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    MIDPOINT point exactly halfway between
    two endpoints of a line segment.

    M
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    PLANE
    • Flat surface that has length and width but no
    thickness.
    • Surface such that a straight line joining any
    two points in it lies wholly in the surface.
    IMPORTANT FACTS
    • Two planes which do not intersect however
    far produced are said to be parallel.
    • A straight line and a plane are parallel if
    they cannot meet, however far both are
    produced.
    • A straight line and a plane are
    perpendicular if the line is perpendicular to
    every straight line drawn through its foot in
    the plane.
    IMPORTANT FACTS
    • The projection of a point on a plane is the
    foot of the perpendicular let fall from the
    point to the plane.
    • The projection of a line on a plane is the
    locus of the projections of all its points.
    • The angle which a line makes with a plane
    is the angle which it makes with its
    projections on the plane.
    IMPORTANT FACTS
    • If two planes intersect, their intersection is a
    straight line.
    • The intersections of 2 parallel planes by a
    third plane are parallel lines.
    IMPORTANT FACTS
    • If two planes intersect, their intersection is a
    straight line.
    • The intersections of 2 parallel planes by a
    third plane are parallel lines.
    THEOREMS
    THEOREMS
    THEOREMS
    THEOREMS
    THEOREMS
    THEOREMS
    THEOREMS
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    COPLANAR POINTS/ LINES
    • Points or lines are said to be coplanar if they
    all lie in the same plane.
    • A plane is a flat, two-dimensional surface that
    extends infinitely in all directions.
    • If points A, B, C, and D are coplanar, then the
    plane containing these points can be
    extended infinitely to include all the points
    and lines within it.
    BASIC CONCEPTS
    COPLANAR POINTS/ LINES
    • Points or lines are said to be coplanar if they
    all lie in the same plane.
    • A plane is a flat, two-dimensional surface that
    extends infinitely in all directions.
    • If points A, B, C, and D are coplanar, then the
    plane containing these points can be
    extended infinitely to include all the points
    and lines within it.
    STUDENT EXERCISES
    STUDENT EXERCISES
    STUDENT EXERCISES
    STUDENT EXERCISES

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