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    Review Module Hydraulics 5 May 2022 Part 2

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    Debbelyn Alonzo

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    Review Module Hydraulics 5 May 2022 Part 2

    Uploaded by

    Debbelyn Alonzo
    14 views1 page

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    14 views1 page

    Review Module Hydraulics 5 May 2022 Part 2

    Uploaded by

    Debbelyn Alonzo

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    MANILA: Room 206, JPD Building CM Recto Avenue, Manila

    CEBU: 4/F J. Martinez Bldg., Osmeña Blvd., Cebu City


    Telephone Number: (02) 516 7559 (Manila) E-Mail: buksmarquez1 @yahoo.com
    (032) 254 9967 (Cebu)

    Review MODULE – Open Channel and Hydrodynamic Force

    MOST EFFICIENT SECTION


    x=y1+y2
    d y11 y2
    b=2d

    Rectangular Trapezoidal
    (half-square)

    90° FORCES ON PRESSURIZED PIPES

    N-sided Channel
    Triangular 8. Water flows steadily through the double elbow shown in figure. Water flows
    (half of a 2N-sided polygon)
    into the elbow from the top at 5 m/s, and from the left at 15 m/s. Determine
    x=2y the resultant of the force needed to hold the elbow in place.
    y y
    y 60°

    Most Efficient of all Most Efficient of all


    Trapezoid Sections Circular Sections
    (semi-hexagon)

    For Minimum Seepage

    d 𝛉
    𝜽 𝐛 = 𝟒𝐝 𝐭𝐚𝐧
    𝟐
    b

    SITUATION. An open channel is to be designed to carry 3 m³/s at a slope of


    0.003. The channel material has an n-value of 0.012.

    1. Find the most efficient cross-section for a rectangular section.


    2. Find the most efficient cross section for a trapezoidal section.

    WATER HAMMER
    SITUATION: A trapezoidal canal form the figure shown carries a discharge of 20 - Also called Hydraulic Shock.
    m3/s. If the mean velocity is 0.75 m/s, - is a pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid (usually a liquid but sometimes
    also a gas) in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly (momentum
    change).

    Celerity
    EB
    For RIGID pipes: c=√
    ρ

    EB
    For NON-RIGID pipes: c=√ E d
    3. What the depth of the most efficient section? ρ(1+ EB t )
    s
    4. What is the critical depth of the most efficient section?

    Time for pressure wave to travel, T


    T = 2L/c
    HYDRODYNAMIC FORCE
    For 𝐭 𝐜 = 𝟎, instantaneous closure
    ∑ 𝐅⃗ = ∑ 𝛒𝐐𝐯
    ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
    𝐨𝐮𝐭 − ∑ 𝛒𝐐𝐯 𝐢𝐧 Ph = ρcv
    For 𝐭 𝐜 < 𝐓, rapid closure
    Ph = ρcv
    SITUATION. A horizontal jet with a cross section 50 mm wide, 30 mm thick and For 𝐭 𝐜 > 𝐓, slow closure
    a velocity of 10 m/s is deflected through an angle of 30 degrees by the vane. 2L
    Neglecting friction, determine the force exerted by the jet on the vane, Ph = ρ [ ]v
    tc
    5. If the vane is moving 3 m/s along the horizontal jet.
    SITUATION. A 500-mm diameter non-rigid pipe of length 3 km with a thickness
    6. If the vane is moving 5 m/s against the horizontal jet.
    of 10 mm is to carry water flowing at 1.2 m³/s. Use Ew = 2.07x109 Pa for water
    and Es = 200,000 MPa for steel.
    7. The figure below shows a smooth curved vane attached to a rigid 9. Determine the celerity in m/s.
    foundation. The jet of water has a diameter of 100 mm, strike the vane with 10. Find the water hammer pressure developed for the following conditions:
    a velocity of 30 m/s. Calculate the magnitude of the hydrodynamic force a. Time of closure = 3 seconds
    acting on the vane. b. Time of closure = 7 seconds
    11. Determine the composite bulk modulus of water.

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