International University – Vietnam National University HCMC

CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS

HOMEWORK 2
(Intermolecular forces, Gas, solution and their properties, chemical reactions, reaction
rate, chemical equilibrium)

Group: _______10_______ Date: ___05/06/2024_________

Group members:
No. Full name Student ID % contribution Score
(total = 100%)
1 Phạm Kim Ngân (Leader) IELSIU21215 100%
2 Lê Nguyễn Thanh Trúc ITITDK22131 100%
3 Nguyễn Hoàng Bảo Trân ITITSB22027 100%
4 Thái Thành Công ITITIU19090 100%
5 Nguyễn Chính Nghĩa ITITIU22111 100%
6 Hoàng Xuân Dũng ITITWE22009 100%
7 Nguyễn Công Tuấn Vũ ITITWE22160 100%
Total score: _________
INSTRUCTIONS:
• Write your answer directly to the following questions
• After completion, please submit your answer sheets to Blackboard with FILE NAME:
HW 02_S1_2324_YOUR GROUP NUMBER.
• Due date of this homework: Thursday - 23h59, 04/01/2024.
-------------------GOOD LUCK-------------

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SELECT the BEST answer and write it on the below answer sheet
QUESTION ANSWER QUESTION ANSWER
1 A B C D 21 A B C D
2 A B C D 22 A B C D
3 A B C D 23 A B C D
4 A B C D 24 A B C D
5 A B C D 25 A B C D
6 A B C D 26 A B C D
7 A B C D 27 A B C D
8 A B C D 28 A B C D
9 A B C D 29 A B C D
10 A B C D 30 A B C D
11 A B C D 31 A B C D
12 A B C D 32 A B C D
13 A B C D 33 A B C D
14 A B C D 34 A B C D
15 A B C D 35 A B C D
16 A B C D 36 A B C D
17 A B C D 37 A B C D
18 A B C D 38 A B C D
19 A B C D 39 A B C D
20 A B C D 40 A B C D

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Q. 1. When the volume of a gas sample ..., the same number of gas particles is crowded
into a ... volume, resulting in more collisions with the walls and therefore an ... in
pressure
A. decreases bigger increase
B. decreases smaller increase
C. increases smaller increase
D. increases bigger Decrease

Q. 2. A sample of gas has a mass of 0.311 g. Its volume is 0.225 L at a temperature of

o
14 C and a pressure of 886 mmHg. Find its molar mass.
A. 27.9
B. 31.9
C. 0.04
D. 1.36

Q. 3. One significant difference between gases and liquids is that ________.

A. a gas is made up of molecules

B. a gas expands to fill its container
C. a gas may consist of both elements and compounds
D. All of the above answers are correct.

Q. 4. Which one of the following is most soluble in normal hexane (n-C6H14)?

A. CH3OH B. CH3CH2CH2OH
C. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH D. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH

Q. 5. 15 g of salt in 1L of water. What is concentration in ppm?

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A. 15 ´ 10 ppm B. 19 ´ 103 ppm
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C. 19 ´ 10 ppm D. 15 ´ 106 ppm

Q. 6. Methanol (CH3OH) can be synthesized by the reaction:

CO (g) + 2H2 (g) à CH3OH (g)
What volume of hydrogen gas, at a temperature of 32oC and a pressure of 748 mmHg, is needed
to synthesize 35.7g of methanol?
A. 56.7 L
B. 70 mL
C. 5.95 L
D. 28.35 L

Q. 7. The solubility of O2 in water is 0.590 g/L at an oxygen pressure of around 15.1

atm. What is the Henry’s law constant for O2 (in unit of L-atm/mol)
A. 3.91 ´ 10-2
B. 1.22 ´ 10-3
C. 8.19 ´ 102

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D. 2.78 ´ 10-1

Q. 8. Which of the following gas is predicted to have the highest solubility in water?
A. N2 B. O2 C. NH3 D. CO2
Q. 9. Which of the following is wrong about solution?
A. A solution is a heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances or components.
B. The majority component in a solution is typically called the solvent, and
the minority component is called the solute.
C. If solvent-solute interactions are stronger than solvent-solvent and solute-solute
interactions, solution will form.
D. Dipole-dipole forces do not exist in the solution.

Q.10. In which of the following molecules is hydrogen bonding likely to be the most
significant component of the total intermolecular forces?

A. CH4
B. C5H11OH
C. C6H13NH2
D. CH3OH
Q.11. Based on the equations below, which metal is the most active?
Pb(NO3)2(aq) + Ni(s) à Ni(NO3)2 (aq) + Pb(s)
Pb(NO3)2 + Ag(s) à no reaction
Cu(NO3)2 + Ag(s) à no reaction
A. Ni
B. Ag
C. Cu
D. Pb

Q. 12. The concentration (M) of an aqueous methanol produced when 0.200 L of a 2.00 M
solution was diluted to 0.800 L is __________.
A. 0.800
B. 0.200
C. 0.500
D. 0.400

Q.13. Aqueous solutions of a compound did not form precipitates with Cl-, Br-, I-, SO42-,
CO32-, PO43-, OH-, S2-. This highly water-soluble compound produced the foul-smelling gas
H2S when the solution was acidified. This compound is __________.
A. Pb(NO3)2
B. (NH4)2S
C. KBr
D. Li2CO3

Q.14. The lattice energy of NaI is -685 kJ/mol and its heat of solution is -7.6 kJ/mol. Calculate
the hydration energy of NaI(s)

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A. 692.6
B. -677.4
C. -692.6
D. 677.4

Q.15. The net ionic equation for formation of an aqueous solution of NI2 accompanied by
evolution of CO2 gas via mixing solid NiCO3 and aqueous hydroiodic acid is __________.
A. 2NiCO3(s) + HI(aq) à 2H2O(l) + CO2(g) + 2Ni2+(aq)
B. NiCO3(s) + I-(aq) à 2H2O(l) + CO2(g) + Ni2+(aq) + HI(aq)
C. NiCO3(s) + 2H+(aq) à H2O(l) + CO2(g) + Ni2+(aq)
D. NiCO3(s) + 2 HI(aq)à 2 H2O(l) + CO2(g) + NiI2(aq)

Q.16. Which of the following one are spectator ions of chemical reaction between KI and
Pb(NO3)2?
A. Pb2+ and NO3-
B. K+ and NO3-
C. Pb2+ and I-
D. K+ and I-

Q.17. Na2SO4 dissolution in water is exothermic. Increasing the temperature

A. increases with Na2SO4 solubility
B. decreases with Na2SO4 solubility
C. remains Na2SO4 solubility
D. All of the above answers are incorrect.

Q.18. When the following equation is balanced, the coefficients are __________,
respectively.
Fe2O3(s) + CO(g) à Fe(s) + CO2(g)
A. 1, 2, 2, 2
B. 1, 1, 2, 1
C. 1, 3, 2, 3
D. 1, 2, 2, 1

Q.19. Which of the following substances is a strong electrolyte?

A. Sucrose
B. Sodium carbonate
C. Methyl alcohol
D. NH3(aq)

Q.20. Which of the following reactions is the net ionic equation: H+ + OH- à H2O ?
A. CH3COOH + NaOH à
B. H3PO4 + Ba(OH)2 à
C. HCl + KOH à
D. H2CO3 + LiOH à

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Q.21. The thermal decomposition of nitryl chloride (NO2Cl) 2NO2Cl (g) à 2NO2 (g) + Cl2
(g), is thought to occur by the mechanism shown in the following equations. What rate law
is predicted by this mechanism?
NO2Cl→ NO2 + Cl (slow step)
NO2Cl + Cl → NO2 + Cl2 (fast step)
A. Rate = k[NO2Cl]
B. Rate = k[NO2Cl]2
C. Rate = k[NO2Cl][Cl]
D. Rate = k[NO2Cl]2[Cl]

Q.22. Write a balance reaction for which the following rate relationships are true:
Rate = −1/2 (∆[SO2])/Δt = −(∆[O2])/Δt = 1/2 (∆[SO3])/Δt

A. 2SO2 + O2 à 2SO3
B. 2SO3 à 2SO2 + O2
C. 2SO3 à SO2 + 2O2
D. SO2 + 2O2 à 2SO3
Q.23. The rate constant for a first-order reaction is 0.54 s-1. What is the half-life of this
reaction if the initial concentration is 0.33 M?
A. 0.089 s
B. 0.31 s
C. 1.28 s
D. 5.6 s

Q.24. The gas phase reaction A + B à C has a reaction rate which is experimentally observed
to follow the relationship Rate = k[A]2[B]. If the concentration of A is tripled and the
concentration of B is doubled, the reaction rate would be increased by a factor of _____.
A. 11
B. 9
C. 12
D. 18

Q.25. What is the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction below?
CoO(s) + CO(g) ⇄ Co(s) + CO2(g)
A. Kc = [Co]/[CoO]
B. Kc = [Co][CO2]/[CoO][CO]
C. Kc = [CO2]/[CO]
D. Kc = 1/[CO2][CO]

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Q.26.The graph below shows a plot of

[NH3] versus t for the decomposition of
ammonia on a hot tungsten wire and for the
decomposition of ammonia on hot quartz
(SiO2). What is the order of the
decomposition of NH3 on hot tungsten?

A. Zero order
B. First order
C. Second order
D. None of them

Q.27. Experimental data for the reaction: A à 2B + C have been plotted in the following
three different ways (with concentration units in mol/L):

What is the order of the reaction with respect to A?

A. Zero order
B. First order
C. Second order
D. None of them
Q.28. The catalytic converter in an automobile uses NiO and Pt metal to speed the combustion
of CO to CO2. This is an example of:
A. Homogeneous catalysis
B. Heterogeneous catalysis
C. Acid hydrolysis
D. Enzyme catalysis
Q.29. Which energy difference in the energy profile below corresponds to the activation energy
for the forward reaction?

A. x

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B. y
C. x + y
D. x - y
Q.30. What is the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction below? Assuming the reaction
is an elementary reaction: 2 CaSO4 « 2CaO(s) + 2 SO2(g) + O2(g)
A. Kc = [CaO]/[CaSO4]
B. Kc = [SO2]2[O2]
C. Kc = [SO2][O2]
D. Kc = [SO2]2[O2][CaO]2 /[CaSO4]2
Q.31.The rate constant for a reaction at 40.0oC is exactly 6 times that at 20.0oC. Calculate the
Arrhenius energy of activation for the reaction
A. 6.00 kJ/mol
B. 14.9 kJ/mol
C. 68.3 kJ/mol
D. 8.22 kJ/mol
Q.32. When the system A + B Û C + D is at equilibrium,
A. the sum of the concentrations of A and B must equal the sum of the
concentrations of C and D.
B. the forward reaction has stopped.
C. neither the forward nor the reverse reaction has stopped.
D. the reverse reaction has stopped.
Q.33. Consider the equilibrium system: 2ICl(s) Û I2(s) + Cl2(g)
Which of the following changes will increase the total amount of of Cl2 that can be produced?
A. removing some of the I2(s)
B. adding more ICl(s)
C. removing the Cl2 as it is formed
D. decreasing the volume of the container

Q.34. Consider the reversible reaction at equilibrium at 392oC:

2A(g) + B(g) Û C(g)
The partial pressures are found to be: A: 6.70 atm, B: 10.1 atm, C: 3.60 atm. Evaluate K p for
this reaction.
A. 7.94 ´ 10-3
B. 0.146
C. 0.0532
D. 54.5
Q.35. Kc = 0.040 for the system below at 450oC: PCl5(g) Û PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
Evaluate Kp for the reaction at 450oC.
A. 0.40
B. 0.64
C. 2.4
D. 0.052
Q.36. The Keq for the equilibrium below is 5.4 × 1013 at 480.0 °C.
2NO (g) + O2 (g) 2NO2 (g)
What is the value of Keq at this temperature for the following reaction?

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1
NO2 (g) NO (g) + O2 (g)
2
A. 5.4 × 10-13
B. 5.4 × 1013
C. 1.4 × 10-7
D. 5.66 × 10-3
Q.37. Consider the gas-phase equilibrium system represented by the equation:
2H2O(g) Û 2H2(g) + O2(g)
Given that the forward reaction (the conversion of "left-hand" species to "right-hand" species)
is endothermic, which of the following changes will decrease the equilibrium amount of H2O?
A. adding more oxygen
B. adding a solid phase catalyst
C. decreasing the volume of the container (the total pressure increases)
D. increasing the temperature at constant pressure
Q.38. The reversible reaction:
2SO2(g) + O2(g) Û 2SO3(g)
has come to equilibrium in a vessel of specific volume at a given temperature. Before the
reaction began, the concentrations of the reactants were 0.060 mol/L of SO2 and 0.050 mol/L of
O2. After equilibrium is reached, the concentration of SO3 is 0.040 mol/L. What is the
equilibrium concentration of O2?
A. 0.010 M
B. 0.020 M
C. 0.030 M
D. 0.040 M
Q.39. 2SO3(g) Û 2SO2(g) + O2(g)
The conventional equilibrium constant expression (Kc) for the system as described by the above
equation is:
A. [SO2]2/[SO3]
B. [SO2]2[O2]/[SO3]2
C. [SO3]2/[SO3]2[O2]
D. [SO2][O2]
Q.40. The synthesis of ammonia gas from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas represents a classic
case in which a knowledge of kinetics and equilibrium was used to make a desired chemical
reaction economically feasible.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3 DH = - 22.08 Kcal/mol
How to helps to maximize the yield of ammonia?
A. Running the reaction at an elevated temperature
B. using a catalyst
C. running the reaction at high pressure
D. running the reaction at low pressure
II. Free Response Answer
1. The reaction: 2I-(aq) + S2O82-(aq) à I2(aq) + 2SO42-(aq) was studied at 25oC. The following
results were obtained
D[𝑆 𝑂 2− ]
Where 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 = − 2∆𝑡8
[I-]o (mol/L) [S2O82-]o (mol/L) Initial rate (mol/L.s)

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0.080 0.040 12.5 × 10-6

0.040 0.040 6.25 × 10-6
0.080 0.020 6.25 × 10-6
0.032 0.040 5.00 × 10-6
0.060 0.030 7.00 × 10-6

a. Determine the rate law

b. Calculate a value for the rate constant for each experiment and an average value for the rate
constant
a)
Rate = K[I-]α[S2O82-]β
From figure 1 and 3 we have:
R1 = K[I-]α[S2O82-]β
R2 = K[I-]α[S2O82-]β
= (12.5x10^-6)/(6.25x10^-6)= (K[0.08]α[0.04]β)/(K[0.08]α[0.02]β)
2=[2] β
β=1
From figure 1 and 2 we have:
= (12.5x10^-6)/(6.25x10^-6)= (K[0.08]α[0.04]β)/(K[0.04]α[0.04]β)
2=[2] α
α=1
Rate = K[I-]1[S2O82-]1
b)
from figure 1:
12.5x10-6 M/S= K(0.08M)(0.04M)
=> K = (12.5x〖10〗^(-6).M.S)/((0.08M)(0.04M)) = 3.91x10-3 M/S
Do the same thing with figure 2 to 4.
At figure 5:
K = 3.9x10-3M/S
The average value for the rate constant = 3.902x10-6 M/S
2. The rate constant for the gas-phase decomposition of N2O5:
N2O5 à 2NO2 + 1/2 O2
has the following temperature dependence:
T (K) K (s-1)
338 4.9 × 10-3
318 5.0 × 10-4

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298 3.5 × 10-5

Determine the activation energy for this reaction
(k)
ln(4.9×10−3)=−5.319
ln(5.0×10−4)=−7.600
ln(3.5×10−5)=−10.261
(1/T)
1/338=0.002959
1/318=0.003145
1/298=0.003356

slope=Δ(1/T)Δ(lnk)= (−10.261−(−5.319) )/(0.003356−0.002959)= 4.942/0.000397≈−12450

Now, knowing the slope is −𝐸𝑎/𝑅:
−𝐸𝑎/𝑅=−12450
𝐸𝑎=12450×𝑅
Given 𝑅=8.314 J/mol
K: R=8.314J/mol
𝐸𝑎=12450×8.314 J/mol≈103,555 J/mol≈103.6 kJ/mol
Therefore, the activation energy 𝐸𝑎 for the decomposition reaction of 𝑁2𝑂5N2O5 is
approximately 103.6 kJ/mol

3. The equilibrium constant is 0.0900 at 25oC for the reaction:

H2O(g) + Cl2O(g) Û 2HOCl(g)
For which of the following sets of condition is the system at equilibrium? For those which are not
at equilibrium, in which direction will the system shift?
a. A 1.0L flask contains 1.0 mol HOCl; 0.10 mol Cl2O and 0.10 mol H2O
b. A 2.0L flask contains 0.084 mol HOCl; 0.080 mol Cl2O and 0.98 mol H2O
c. A 3.0L flask contains 0.25 mol HOCl; 0.0010 mol Cl2O and 0.56 mol H2O
Q3 Answer:
A/
concentration = moles/ volume (L)
so
[HOCl] = 1 / 1 = 1

[Cl20] = 0.1 / 1 = 0.1

[H20] = 0.1 / 1 = 0.1

Q = [1]^2 / [0.1] [0.1]

Q = 100

as

Q > K , the reaction will towards the left

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B/

[HOCl] = 0.084 / 2 = 0.042

[Cl20] = 0.08 / 2 = 0.04

[H20] = 0.98 / 2 = 0.49

Q = [0.042]^2 / [0.04] [0.49]

Q = 0.09

as

Q = K , the system is at equilibrium

C/

[HOCl] = 0.25 / 3 = 0.08333

[Cl20] = 0.001 / 3 = 3.333 x 10-4

[H20] = 0.56 / 3 = 0.18666

Q = [1]^2 / [0.1] [0.1]

Q = 111.599

as

Q > K , the reaction will towards the left

4. At 700 K, the equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure is KP = 7.6 x10-5 for the
endothermic reaction
⎯⎯
CCl4(g) ⎯ → C(s) + 2Cl2(g)
⎯
A) Write the expression for the equilibrium constant Kp
The equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressures, Kp, is given by the expression:
(𝑃𝐶𝑙2 )2
Kp= 𝑃𝐶𝐶𝑙4
Here, pCl2 is the partial pressure of Cl2 and 𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑙4 is the partial pressure of CCl4 . Since carbon
(C) is a solid, it does not appear in the equilibrium expression.
B) If a flask is initially charged with 0.08 atm of CCl4 and then allowed to reach equilibrium at
700K, what are the partial pressures of CCl4 and Cl2?
⎯⎯
CCl4(g) ⎯ ⎯→ C(s) + 2Cl2(g)

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𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑙4 𝑝𝐶𝑙2
Initial 0.08 0
Change −𝑥 2x
Equilibrium 0.08 − 𝑥 2x
(𝑝𝐶𝑙2 )2
𝐾𝑝 =
𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑙4
(2𝑥)2
7.6 × 10−5 =
0.08 − 𝑥
𝑥 = 1.22 × 10−3
Change in pressure of 𝐶𝐶𝑙4 = 1.22 × 10−3 atm
𝑝𝐶𝐶𝑙4 = 0.08 − 1.22 × 10−3 = 0.07878 atm
𝑝𝐶𝑙2 = 2 × 1.22 × 10−3 = 2.44 × 10−3 atm
C) Predict the direction of the reaction (via an arrow) if the following conditions are applied.
i. Temperature is reduced
The reaction is endothermic (absorbs heat). Lowering the temperature will shift the equilibrium
towards the reactants to produce heat: ← leftward shift
ii. Pressure is decreased
Decreasing pressure favors the side with more moles of gas. Here, the products side has more
moles of gas (2 moles of Cl2 vs 1 mole of CCl4 ): → 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑓𝑡
iii. Addition of C(s)
Adding a solid (C) does not affect the equilibrium position since it does not appear in the
equilibrium expression: No change
iv. A catalyst is added
A catalyst speeds up both the forward and reverse reactions equally and does not affect the
equilibrium position: No change
v. Cl2 is removed
Removing Cl2 will shift the equilibrium to the right to produce more Cl2
: → 𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑓𝑡
5. Consider the reaction between t-butylbromide and OH- at 55oC.
(CH3)3CBr(aq) + OH-(aq) ® (CH3)3COH(aq) + Br-(aq)
A series of experiments is carried out with the following result:
Expt. 1 Expt. 2 Expt. 3 Expt. 4 Expt. 5
[(CH3)3CBr] 0.50 1.0 1.5 1.0 1.0
[OH-] 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.10 0.20
Rate (mol/L.s) 0.0050 0.010 0.015 0.010 0.010
Find:
A) The order of the reaction with respect to (CH3)3CBr and OH-
B) The rate constant at 55oC
Solution:

A) (CH3)3CBr(aq) + OH-(aq) ® (CH3)3COH(aq) + Br-(aq)

Rate law: Rate = K[(CH3)3CBr]x [OH-] y
From exp-4 and exp-5 when [OH-] is increses.
Twice by keeping [(CH3)3CBr] constant at 1.0, the rate does not change from this.

Rate = K[(CH3)3CBr]x

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From exp-1, 0.0050 = K[0.50]x (1)

exp-2, 0.010 = k[1.0]x (2)

The order with respect to (CH3)3CBr = 1

The order with respect to OH - = 0

Overall = 1+ 0 = 1.

B)
From exp-1 0.0050 = K(0.50)1

=> K =

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