AFAR.3205 - SEPARATE and CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
AFAR.3205 - SEPARATE and CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
AFAR.3205 - SEPARATE and CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
LECTURE NOTES
Consolidated financial statements- are the financial * Under revised provisions of IFRS3 (and also IFRS 10),
statements of a group presented as those of a single the non-controlling interest may be measured at either:
economic entity. Group is a parent and all of its (1) full fair value or (2) as a proportionate share in the fair
subsidiaries. value of identifiable net assets at the date of acquisition.
These allowed alternatives result in goodwill being
Separate financial statements – are those presented by a computed in two different amounts.
parent, an investor in an associate, or a venturer in a
jointly controlled entity, in which the investments are 1. Example: NCI measured at fair value. (Adapted from
accounted for on the basis of the direct equity interest Wiley)
rather than on the basis of the reported credits, and the Konin Corporation (KC) acquires a 75% interest in
net assets of the investee. Danube Corporation (DC), in exchange for cash of
P350,000. DC has 25% of its shares traded on an
PRESENTATION OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL exchange. KC acquired the 60,000 non-publicly traded
STATEMENTS shares outstanding. The fair value of DC’s identifiable
A parent shall present consolidated financial statements, net assets is P300,000; the shares of BC at the
except when acquisition date are traded at P5 per share. The
• The parent is itself a wholly-owned subsidiary, or is a consideration transferred indicates that KC has paid a
partially-owned subsidiary of another entity control premium of P50,000 (P350,000 – [P5 x
• The parent’s debt or equity instruments are not traded 60,000])
in a public market
• The parent did not file, nor is in the process of filing, Under the full fair value approach, the NCI is
its financial statements with a securities commission measured based on the trading price of the shares of
for the purpose of issuing any class of instruments in a entity BC at the date control is obtained by KC (P5 per
public market share) and a value of P100,000 is assigned to the 25%
• The ultimate parent produces consolidated financial NCI. Goodwill is recognized at P150,000 [(P350,000 +
statements available for public use P100,000) – P300,000]. The amount of goodwill
accruing to the controlling interest is P125,000
Summary of Critical Points: (P350,000 – [P300,000 x 75%]) and the amount of
1. Consolidated statements are prepared from the goodwill accruing to the NCI is P25,000 (P100,000 –
separate statements of the acquiring company and [P300,000 x 25%]).
acquired company(ies) from the standpoint of a single
economic entity. 2. Example: NCI measured at its proportionate share of
2. Consolidation procedures are necessary whenever a acquiree’s identifiable net assets (Adapted from
parent and a subsidiary relationship existed, except if Wiley).
the parent is exempted under PAS 27 to present Under this alternative method, NCI will be assigned a
consolidated financial statements. value of P75,000 (P300,000 x 25%) and the goodwill
3. The acquiring company, generally, is a parent if it recognized is P125,000 [(P350,000 + P75,000) –
owns, directly and indirectly, more than 50% of the P300,000]. This amount represents only the acquirer’s
outstanding voting shares of the acquired company. If share, which is (P350,000 – [P300,000 x 75]). No
the controlling interest is not 100%, the remainder goodwill is assigned to the NCI.
would represent the non-controlling interest.
4. The following steps summarize the consolidation Bargain Purchases (negative goodwill) occurs when the
worksheet procedures. value of net assets acquired is in excess of the
a. Prepare a schedule of excess to determine if there acquisition-date fair value of the consideration transferred
is either goodwill, or, income froreserves 9BCVR- plus the amount of any non-controlling interest and plus
.m acquisition. This will also be the basis in fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest.
formulating the working paper elimination entries. When this occurs, and after a complete review of the
b. If the working paper is intended to prepare post computations involved, a gain on acquisition is recognized
acquisition consolidated statements, computations in the profit or loss at the acquisition date, as part of
must show the amortization for business income from continuing operations.
combination valuation reserves (BCVR). BCVR is
the difference between book values and fair values 1. Example (Adapted from Wiley)- NCI is assigned full
of the net assets of the acquired company at at FV.
the date of acquisition (DOA). On January 1, 2019, Konin Corporation (KC) acquires
75% of the equity interests of Laska Corporation (LC),
DETERMINATION OF GOODWILL a private entity, in exchange for cash of P250,000.
An important aspect of accounting for business The former owners of LC were forced to sell their
combination, especially when control is less than 100%, is investments within short period of time and unable to
the computation of goodwill or excess in combination. market LC to multiple potential buyers in the
marketplace. The management of KC initially
GOODWILL = Fair value of consideration transferred + measures at the acquisition date the separately
Amount of non-controlling interest (NCI)* + Fair value of recognizable identifiable assets acquired at P500,000
previously-held equity interest LESS the FV of net and liabilities of P100,000. KC engages an
identifiable assets of the acquiree independent valuation specialist who determines that
the fair value of the 25% NCI in LC is P110,000. KC
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Page 1 of 6 www.prtc.com.ph AFAR 3205
EXCEL PROFESSIONAL SERVICES, INC.
concludes after a review that the procedures and controlling interest. Such re-measurement and
resulting measures are correct. amortization later will affect both the controlling
interest and the non-controlling interests. The same
The acquirer (KC) recognizes the gain on its treatment is done for grossed-up goodwill, re-
acquisition of the 75% interest as follows: measurement and amortization, if any, will all be in
Identifiable net assets acquired at Fair Value P400,000 the ownership ratios between the parent and the NCIs.
Less FV of payment for 75% interest P250,000
FV assigned to NCI at DOA 110,000 360,000 6. Working paper elimination entries orchestrate the
Gain on bargain purchase P 40,000 items and balances that must comprise the
consolidated statements. Their two basic objectives
2. NCI measured at proportionate share of identifiable are (1) to eliminate intercompany balances and (2) to
net assets at DOA. Since the amount of NCI to be make adjustments to or set-up some items in order to
assigned would be P100,000 (P400,000 x 25%), the conform with purchase principles.
gain on bargain purchase would be P50,000 (P400,000
– [P250,000 + P100,000]). 7. In purchase combination, for example, working paper
elimination entries aim to accomplish the following:
Other relevant considerations follow: a. Eliminate inter-company balances
FULL PROP. SHARE IN FAIR b. Make adjustments for acquired assets and
PARTICULARS FAIR VALUE VALUE OF NET ASSETS assumed liabilities to comply with fair value
GW (for N-SMEs) Grossed-up Not grossed-up considerations.
GW (for SMEs) Not assigned Not grossed-up c. Set up goodwill or income from acquisition into
the consolidated statements.
IFA (N-SMEs/SMEs) *** *** d. Amortize increase/decrease in value of net assets
*** Either method could be used but the different and measure their effects in the consolidated
computed amount of income from combination would financial statements,
accrue only to the acquirer. e. Make adjustments to consolidated amounts as a
result of inter-company transactions.
For non-SMEs, in a goodwill situation, the full fair value f. And for a variety of other consolidation
method is preferred over the other method if the problem requirements.
is silent. The NCI’s FV is deemed proportionate with that
of the parent’s if the former is not available. 8. Two working paper methods may actually be used to
consolidate the financial statements for the group, the
In a bargain purchase situation, if the problem is silent, direct method and the working paper entry method.
assign to NCI its proportionate share in identifiable net The former uses business combination valuation
assets at DOA. reserve balances (BCVR for short), while the latter
deals with working paper elimination entries (WPEE for
Subsequent accounting for goodwill arising from the short). Basically, in the working papers, similar items
acquisition is as follows: from the parent’s records and from the subsidiary’s
Non-SMEs SMEs records are simply combined, plus/minus any working
Amortization No Yes* paper adjustments (BCVRs or WPEEs) affecting such
Impairment loss Yes Yes items. To illustrate the consolidation concept and
* Use 10 years to amortize if period is not given. process, the two methods are both used over relevant
5. Increase/decrease to fair value of net asset items are illustrative cases
recognized in full regardless of the extent of the non-
ILLUSTRATIVE CASES
3. Prepare WPEE for the consolidated balance sheet at
Case 1. Working Paper Elimination Entries (WPEEs) January 1, 2020 (DOA).
at Date of Acquisition.
On January 1, 2020, PULLET COMPANY (a non-SME) Case 2. Alternative amounts assigned to NCI and
purchased interest in HENNY ENTERPRISES. On this date, goodwill/income from acquisition at date of acquisition.
HENNY has 80,000 outstanding shares with a fair value per
share of P55. The book values and the fair values of ALBANY COMPANY acquired 80% of the issued share
HENNY’s net assets were as follows: capital of BUTCHER ENTERPRISES on December 31, 2020
Book Values Fair Values Difference for a total consideration of P1,440,000 (at P17.60 per
Cash P 368,640 P 368,640 -- share plus control premium). At this date, the identifiable
Accounts receivable 221,184 221,184 - net assets of BUTCHER ENTERPRISES which were carried in
Inventory 884,736 1,105,920 221,184 its books at P1,200,000, were deemed to have a fair value
Buildings, net 2,285,568 2,359,296 73,728 of P1,600,000. Share capital of BUTCHER ENTERPRISES
Equipment, net 737,280 589,824 (147,456) comprised 100,000 shares, which were traded at the stock
LTI 1,474,560 2,138,112 663,552 exchange on 31 December 2020 at P17.60 per share.
P 5,971,968 P6,782,976
Current liabilities P 737,280 P 737,280 - Required: Determine the allowed alternative amounts that
Bonds payable 1,548,288 1,908,928 (360,640) may be assigned to NCI at date of acquisition.
Ordinary shares 1,474,560 a. Based on fair value of shares acquired, and
Retained profit 2,211,840 4,136,768 450,368 b. Based on fair value of identifiable net assets of the
P 5,971,968 P 6,782,976 subsidiary.
c. Determine goodwill or income from acquisition over
Assume PULLET COMPANY acquires an 100% interest in
DOME ENTERPRISES for P5,570,000. each of the alternative assumptions.
Case 9 (Downstream Land Transfer) Income statements for the two companies for the year
During 2018 PRIME COMPANY sold land with a cost of 2020 are as follows:
P230,400 to its 80% owned subsidiary, SPEAR, INC., for P PRIMARY SECONDARY
307,200. The subsidiary sold the land in 2020 to an Sales P1,024,000 P512,000
outsider for P430,080. The subsidiary and the parent Cost of sales 409,600 256,000
reported net income as follows: Gross profit 614,400 256,000
PRIME CO SPEAR, INC Operating expenses 368,640 163,840
2018 P539,136 236,544 Operating income 245,760 92,160
2019 514,560 228,864 Gain on sale of land 15,360
2020 606,720 253,440 Gain on sale of equipment _________ 7,168
Net income P 245,760 P 114,688
The reported income of the parent company includes
P78,336 of dividend income each year. Requirements:
Requirements: 1. Calculate the non-controlling interests in the
1. Calculate Prime Company’s investment income from consolidated net income in 2020.
Spear Company in 2018, 2019, and 2020. 2. Calculate the controlling interest in the consolidated
net income in 2020.
3. Prepare working paper elimination entries for the 4. Prepare a consolidated income statement for the year
above information at December 31, 2020. ended December 31, 2020.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
English Dom Corporation owns 100% of Purebreed Retained Earnings 89,600 40,000
Enterprises. On July 1, 2020, English Dom sold Purebreed Total Equities. 492,000 216,800
delivery equipment at a gain. English Dom had owned the At the date of combination the book values of Squidball’s net
equipment for two years and used a five-year straight-line assets was equal to the fair value of the net assets except for
depreciation rate with no residual value. Purebreed is using a Squidball’s inventory which has a fair value of P24,000.
three-year straight-line depreciation rate with no residual 5. What amount of goodwill will be reported?
value for the equipment. a. P12,534 c. P48,800
1. In the consolidated income statement, Purebreed’s b. P30,200 d. P40,267
recorded depreciation expense on the equipment for 2020
will be decreased by: 6. What amount of total liability will be reported?
a. 16.67% of the gain on sale a. P139,200 c. P170,400
b. 33.33% of the gain on sale b. P227,466 d. P 72,534
c. 50% of the gain on sale
d. 100% of the gain on sale 7. What is the amount of total assets?
a. P 501.334 c. P 601,066
Parker Corporation sells equipment with a book value of b. P 548,800 d. P 591,000
P64,000 to Sheaffer Enterprises, its 75%-owned subsidiary,
for P80,000 on January 1, 2020. Sheaffer determines that the On January 1, 2020, Pelican Company purchased 90% of the
remaining useful life of the equipment is four years and that common stock of Bryan Company for P51,840 over the book
straight-line depreciation is appropriate. The December 31, value of the shares acquired. All of the differential was related
2020 separate company financial statements of Parker and to land held by Bryan. On May 1, 2020, Bryan sold the land
Sheaffer show equipment-net of P400,000 and P240,000, at a gain of P92,800. For the year 2020, Bryan reported net
respectively. income of P211,840 and paid dividends of P51,200. Pelican
2. The consolidated equipment-net will be: reported income from its own separate operations of
a. P 640,000 c. P624,000 P421,760 and paid no dividends.
b. P 628,000 d P520,000 8. Consolidated net income for 2020 was
a. P 527,360 c. P 643,456
Balance sheet data for P Corporation and S Company on b. P 560,576 d. P 576,000
December 31, 2020, are given below:
P Corporation S Company On January 1, 2020 the Parent Corporation sold equipment to
Cash P 56,000 P 72,000 its wholly-owned subsidiary, Subsidiart Enterprises, for
Merchandise P1,152,000. The equipment cost Parent
Inventory 80,000 48,000 CompanyP1,280,000; accumulated depreciation at the time
Property and of the sale of P320,000. The parent was depreciating the
equipment (net) 400,000 200,000 equipment on the straight-line-method over twenty years
Investment in S with no salvage value, a procedure that the subsidiary
Company 208,000 ________ continued.
Total assets P 744,000 P320,000 9. On the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2020
the cost and accumulated depreciation, respectively,
Current liabilities P144,000 P 48,000 should be:
Long term liabilities 160,000 72,000 a. P 960,000 and P384,000
Common stock 240,000 80,000 b. P1,152,000 and P 64,000
Retained earnings 200,000 120,000 c. P1,152,000 and P320,000
Total liabilities & SE P 744,000 P320,000 d. P1,280,000 and P384,000
P Corporation purchased 80% interest in S Company on P Company acquired a 65% interest in S company in 2017.
December 31, 2020 for P208,000. S Company’s property and For years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, S reported
equipment had a fair value of P40,000 more than the book net income of P208,000 and P249,600, respectively. During
value shown above. All other book values approximated fair 2019, S sold merchandise to P for P44,800 at a cost of
value. In the consolidated balance sheet on December 31, P34,560. Two-fifths of the merchandise was later resold by P
2020. to outsiders for P24,320 during 2020. In 2020, P sold
3. The amount of total stockholders’ equity to be reported will merchandise to S for P62,720 at a profit of P15,360. One-
be fourth of the merchandise was resold by S to outsiders for
a. P 440,000 c. P 600,000 P19,200 during 2020.
b. P 488,000 d. P 492,000 10. Non-controlling- interest net income in 2019 is
a. P 73,664 c. P 71,366
4. The amount of non-controlling interest will be b. P 96,710 d. P 70,726
a. P 40,000 c. P 88,000 11. Non-controlling- interest net income in 2020 is
b. P 48,000 d. P 52,000 a. P 88,794 c. P 86,259
b. b. 92,077 d. P 88,218
On January 1, 2020. SHELLFISH CORPORATION purchased
75% of the common stock of SQUIDBALL COMPANY. Separate CORN Corporation sells equipment with a book value of
balance sheet data for the companies at the combination date P128,000 to BEANS Company, its 75% owned subsidiary for
are given below: P102,400 on April 1, 2020. BEANS determines that the
Shellfish Squidball remaining useful life of the equipment is four years and that
Cash 9,600 82,400 the straight-line depreciation is appropriate. The December
Accounts Receivables 57,600 10,400 31, 2020 separate financial statements of CORN and BEANS
Inventory 52,800 15,200 show equipment-net of P 640,000 and P384,000,
Land 31,200 12,800 respectively.
Plant Assets 280,000 120,000 12. Consolidated equipment-net will be
Accum. Depreciation (96,000) (24,000) a. P 791,360 c. P1,044,800
Invesment in Squidballl 156,800 _______- b. P 848,960 d. P 975,040
Total Assets 492,000 216,800
Accounts Payable 82,400 56,800
Capital Stock 320,000 120,000