Phrases

COLLEGE ENGLISH
WEEK 4
AGENDA:
Phrases
What is a PHRASE?
A phrase is a group of two or more words, without
a subject and a verb, that functions in a sentence
as one part of speech.
PHRASE
A beautiful girl
NOUN PHRASE ADJECTIVE PHRASE
PHRASE
PREPOSITIONAL
ADVERBIAL PHRASE
PHRASE
Are groups of two or more words that function as
nouns in the sentence.
NOUN PHRASE
For example:
He brought the shovel with the blue handle.

Noun phrases are used to add depth to the
sentence by modifying or elaborating the nouns.
For example:
NOUN PHRASE
VS
He brought shovel. 🤔
Noun phrases are

used to add the shovel with the blue handle
depth to the
sentence by
modifying or
MODIFIER 1 NOUN MODIFIER 2
elaborating the
nouns.
THIS IS A NOUN PHRASE

• “The tall mountain was very large.”
NOUN PHRASE
• “The highway at rush hour can be frantic.”
• “The oranges that fell from the orange tree are

delicious.”
NOUN PHRASE What are MODIFIERS?
MODIFIERS IN A NOUN PHRASE
POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES ARTICLES QUANTIFIER POSSESSIVE NOUNS
DETERMINERS
1. Bright stars 1. The dog 1. There are 1. The mail 1. His wife
shine in the went to the five man’s truck brought him
sky. park. bananas. was parked. his lunch.
2. Big cities are 2. A boy ate an 2. Several 2. The 2. Her shoe

loud. apple. iguanas woman’s was untied.
were on the purse was
tree. blue.
PHRASE
PREPOSITIONAL
ADVERBIAL PHRASE
PHRASE
An adjective phrase is an adjective and any
additional information linked to it that work
together to describe a noun or pronoun in a
sentence.
ADJECTIVE PHRASE
The adjective around which an adjective phrase is

formed is known as the head word of the phrase.
SENTENCE ADJECTIVE PHRASE EXPLANATION NOUN MODIFIED
1. I would like a large soda,

a large Article + head word (large) soda
please.
Demonstrative determiner
2. This green pen belongs
This green + pen
to me. Head word (green)
Possessive determiner
3. I’ve lost my favorite
my favorite + backpack
backpack. Head word (favorite)
4. Many vintage cars were Quantifier + head word

Many vintage Cars
parked outside the diner. (vintage)
PHRASE
PREPOSITIONAL
ADVERBIAL PHRASE
PHRASE
An adverbial phrase (also known as an adverb
phrase) is group of words that functions as an
adverb in a sentence.
ADVERBIAL PHRASE
That is, it modifies a verb, adjective, adverb,

clause, or the sentence as a whole.
ADVERBIAL PHRASE He read the restaurant's menu rather slowly.
PURPOSE OF USE
TIME LOCATION OR DIRECTION MANNER REASON OR PURPOSE
“The player made the shot “Stuart ran five miles “The leopard climbed the “The hockey team
just before the buzzer.” around the track.” tree quite gracefully.” prepared for the
championship match.”
The adverbial phrase just Around the track is an Here, quite gracefully The adverbial prepositional
before the buzzer is a adverbial phrase that describes the manner in phrase for the
description of a time that establishes a location and which the leopard climbed championship match lets
modifies the verb made. It direction for the verb ran. the tree. you know the purpose
lets you know exactly when for the team’s preparation.
the player made the shot.
PHRASE
PREPOSITIONAL
ADVERBIAL PHRASE
PHRASE
A prepositional phrase is made up of at least a
PREPOSITIONAL
preposition and its object, which can be a noun,
PHRASE
pronoun, or a noun phrase.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE EXPLANATION
on the ground On describes the location in relation to the ground.
Of specifies that whatever is being discussed is particular to the

of the bedroom
bedroom.
because of the nasty Because of is a compound preposition describing the reason

weather why something happened—in this case, the nasty weather.
Prepositional phrases can behave in two ways in a
sentence:
PREPOSITIONAL
(1) as an adjective modifying a noun;
PHRASE
(2) or as an adverb modifying a verb, adjective, or

adverb.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE SAMPLE SENTENCE EXPLANATION
On the shed is a prepositional phrase—on is a preposition

describing the position of its object, the shed. The
The cat on the shed is black. prepositional phrase is adjectival because it modifies the
noun cat (which it follows directly in the sentence) by
answering the question “Which cat?”
ADJECTIVAL PREPOSITIONAL
PHRASE
From many different countries is a prepositional phrase

People from many different modifying the noun people. It immediately follows that
countries have visited here. noun, and it answers the question what kind of people
(people from different countries).
Here the prepositional phrase after a short run follows the

ADVERBIAL PREPOSITIONAL She will leave after a short word it modifies, the verb leave.
PHRASE run. It describes a point in time (albeit a nonspecific one),
answering the question of when the action will happen.
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COLLEGE ENGLISH

He brought the shovel with the blue handle.

Noun phrases are

THIS IS A NOUN PHRASE

• “The oranges that fell from the orange tree are

2. Big cities are 2. A boy ate an 2. Several 2. The 2. Her shoe

The adjective around which an adjective phrase is

1. I would like a large soda,

4. Many vintage cars were Quantifier + head word

That is, it modifies a verb, adjective, adverb,

on the ground On describes the location in relation to the ground.

Of specifies that whatever is being discussed is particular to the

because of the nasty Because of is a compound preposition describing the reason

(2) or as an adverb modifying a verb, adjective, or

On the shed is a prepositional phrase—on is a preposition

From many different countries is a prepositional phrase

Here the prepositional phrase after a short run follows the

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