or

Michael J. Pry

4
1ª edición, 2017

© 2016 Michael John Pryor

D.R. © 2016 Stepping Stones Publishing

www.step-up.com.mx

ISBN 978-607-9442-65-1

Editorial Página Seis, S.A. de C.V.

Teotihuacan 345, Ciudad del Sol, 45050, Zapopan, Jalisco.
Tel/fax: (33) 3657 3786 y 3657 5045
e-mail: [email protected]
www.pagina6.com.mx

Se prohíbe la reproducción, el registro o la transmisión parcial o total de esta obra por cualquier sistema
de recuperación de información, sea mecánico, fotoquímico, electrónico, magnético, electro-óptico, por
fotocopia o cualquier otro, existente o por existir, sin el permiso previo por escrito del titular de los derechos
correspondientes.

Impreso y hecho en México / Printed and made in Mexico

CONTENTS
Platform One
Our natural resources
Start up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02
Keep going. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06
Wrap up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Platform Two
Our society
Start up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Keep going. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Wrap up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Platform Three
Our history and culture
Start up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Keep going. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Wrap up.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
 Scope & sequence

START UP
Language functions vocabulary

Exchange information about

STEP 1 Materials
how products are made
Our natural resources
PLATFORM 1

Give and ask for information

STEP 2 about how resources are • Brainstorm Natural habitats
used
• Rethinking plastic
Analyze and describe • Survey: green warrior or big
polluter? Looking after
STEP 3 actions that benefit and
the environment
harm the environment

Exchange information about

STEP 4 how energy is used and Energy in nature
generated

STEP 1 Describe cause and effect Government

PLATFORM 2
Our society

Express hypothetical
STEP 2 • Brainstorm Money matters
options
• Crazy commutes
• Survey: what would you do
STEP 3 Confirm information if…? Daily commute

Emphasizing almost Media &

STEP 4
certain information advertising

Investigate cultural
Artistic
STEP 1 contributions in your
Our history and culture

expressions
community and country
PLATFORM 3

Organize information
STEP 2 • Brainstorm Celebrations
in the past sequentially
• From Mexico...to the world!
Exchange information about • Survey: What do I know
STEP 3 events that have affected society about my country’s history? Landmarks
today locally and internationally

Relate historic experiences

STEP 4 in your locality, country and History
the world
KEEP GOING
WRAP UP
reading speaking
language
& listening & writing

Passive voice: Houses made Which country

present of plastic is it made in?

The world’s • Logical thinking: which power station?

Passive voice: Strange news
first sustainable • Wonderful words: in-/im-/ir-/il-
past headlines
school • Say it right: oo
Helping • Project: environmental first aid
Passive voice Keeping our
the environment • Language review
vs active voice planet clean
in my town • Vocabulary review

Abel Cruz: the It’s a place

Relative clauses
cloud catcher where…

2nd conditional What would If I were

(would) you do? Governor…

What you could • Project: my advertising campaign

2nd conditional If I won
do with a million • say it right: -e
(could/might) a million dollars
dollars • Wonderful words: -ion
• My society board game
Tag questions: A traffic Getting around
• Say it right: oi/oy
be/can love story in my town
• Vocabulary review
Which adverti-
Tag questions: Advertising in
sing method for
simple tenses my society
your company?

Indefinite Landmarks
Jokes in English
pronouns in my town

• Say it right: i…e/-e

My national
Past perfect Day of the Dead • Wonderful words: -ness
traditions
• Competition: Where in Mexico?
• Project: our most significant historical event
3rd conditional New7 wonders If it hadn’t
• Language review
(would) of the world happened
• Vocabulary review
An alternative
3rd conditional Alternative
history
(would have) history
of America
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

WeWe would like to thank all our friends, family, colleagues

and loved ones for their continuous support, not only during this
lengthy project, but at every moment of our professional and
personal lives. Without your encouragement and help, none of
this would be possible. Thank you for being such a special part
of our lives, especially July, Rosie, Jonathan, mum, dad, Charlie,
Chris, grandparents and all the rest.

A special thanks of course to Saúl Davalos Morales, whose

vision and experience has made this project possible. Thanks
for organising everything and pushing us to get to where we are
today. Also to Felipe and Ceci and their team for giving life and
color to our ideas. You have given clarity and order to our messy
ideas and made them even more attractive and appealing than
we could have ever imagined. Thanks for understanding and
complementing us so well!

A special mention and must be made to all our audio

collaborators, Stuart Andrews; Ana Caballero; Marí a de la Luz
Salazar Dominguez; Alejandro Rodríguez Caro, Sarah Joanne
Brown, Leticia Adelina Ruiz Guerrero and Fabiola Coronado
Corona. Also of course, to Paola Valle Clemente; Azucena
Espinoza Guzmán; Cuauhtémoc Gómez Castellanos; María
Teresa Ibarra López and Armando Antidio Zarzosa Rendón;
Paola Bugambilia Moreno Veloz and Lizbeth Anaya Loaiza
for all your input, experience and expertise. Your invaluable
contributions have made this book a better version of what we
could have only hoped for without you.

And last, but not least, to our students. You are our inspiration
and the very reason for this series. We truly hope this material
helps you to achieve your goals and reach your potential. Good
luck, and enjoy!

Mike.
 OUR NATURAL RESOURCES
Talk
about it

• Where do you think this is? What is grown here?

• What is happening in the picture?
• How are the people here using natural resources? Is this a good
or bad use of natural resources? Why?
• Are there any places similar to this in your area? Where?

PLATFORM ONE
LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS:
Step 1: Exchange information about how products are made
Step 2: Give and ask for information about how resources are used
Step 3: Analyze and describe actions that benefit and harm the environment
Step 4: Exchange information about how energy is used and generated

Platform One 1
 BRAINSTORM
START UP

What words do you know from these categories?

Complete the spaces with all the words or terms you know.

Materials Natural spaces

The environment Natural resources + energy

Give
More

• Use the dictionary or internet to help you complete all the spaces in each category.
Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your partner. You can add any extra words if necessary.

2 Platform One
 Environmental skills: protecting our natural resources

SURVEY: GREEN WARRIOR OR BIG POLLUTER?

START UP
Warm up

Do you try to help the environment? Why (not)?

What actions do you do or not do that help the environment?
And you?
AND YOU

• Answer this questionnaire to discover how much you damage or help the
environment.

Never Sometimes Always

1. Do you walk or cycle for less than 3
kilometers?

2. Do you turn off all electrical appliances

if you are not using them or you’re not in
the room?

3. Do you reuse plastic bottles and

otherdisposable items before you put
them in the trash?

4. Do you use both sides of all paper that

you write on?

5. Do you recycle all glass, plastic, paper

and metal that you use?

6. Do you turn off the faucet while you

are brushing your teeth?

7. Do you put your trash in trash cans?

8. Do you use cold water to wash your

clothes, dishes, etc.?

9. Do you plant trees, flowers, plants, etc.?

10. Do you take a shower in less than 5

minutes?
• Now, add up your answers. Give yourself 2 points for every
‘always’ answer; 1 point for every ‘sometimes’ answer; 0
points for every ‘never’ answer. How many points do you
have?

15-20 points = You love the environment

10-14 points = Our planet needs you! Help more
0-9 points = Change your ways! Your habits are hurting our home.
Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers to your classmates. Who is the most environmentally

friendly member of your group? Who is a danger to the environment?
Give
More
What specific actions or habits do you do that harm the environment most?
What other actions or habits of yours help the environment most?

Platform One 3
 RETHINKING PLASTIC
START UP

Warm up
How much plastic do you use? Is plastic an important element of your life?
What do you do with this plastic after you finish using it? What happens to
Reading this plastic next?

• Read these texts about interesting, different uses for recycling plastic.

T
ake a look around you. Look at everything made of plastic. It’s everywhere and inevitable
in modern life. Plastic is normally derived from petrochemicals and is notoriously dan-
gerous for the environment, sometimes taking centuries to decompose. At the moment,
it is estimated that there are more than 6 billion tons of plastic garbage in the world. But
these people have found a way to make plastic a friend of the environment, with these innovative
and life-changing projects. Their vision has given a new use to an old product and could help
millions of people –and the environment– in the process.

WARKA WATER

T
his concept was created by the Italian
architect Arturo Vitolli and was inspired
by the shape and design of the Warka
tree, which is native to Ethiopia, in Africa. And
it’s no coincidence that Ethiopia is one of the
driest countries in the world, where its people
fight every day to find clean drinking water.
Inspired by the structure of the Warka tree
and using economic materials of just plastic
and bamboo, he created these easy-to-build
towers which can collect up to 100 liters of
clean water from the atmosphere per day. It’s
a possible solution to the eternal problem of
bringing water to the driest parts of Africa. WASTED LAB

O
f the 26 kilograms of plastic waste each
person produces every year, only 1.8kg
is recycled. Why do you think this is?
Do people need an incentive to recycle more?
Well, there’s no better incentive than money.
That’s exactly what the Wasted Lab in the
north of Amsterdam has done. Residents in
Amsterdam receive credits for recycling their
garbage. Depending on the amount of their
recyclable garbage, they exchange this credit
in a variety of local businesses. The plastic
they recycle is used to make blocks for statues
and decorations around the city, and also to
build a supermarket!
So, Wasted Lab is improving the urban
vision, increasing recycling and stimulating
local business. A win for everyone!

4 Platform One
 START UP
NET-WORKS & INTERFACE

T
here are many everyday objects
which cause specific problems for the
environment and the world’s wildlife.
One of these are old fishing nets. Every year,
millions of fish and other sea creatures are
trapped in old, abandoned fishing nets, causing
them to die. Net-Works takes these abandoned
death traps and recycles them into carpet tiles.
Interface is the company that produces and
sells these carpet tiles. Their objective is to
make 100% of all their carpet tiles from this
material by the year 2020. Converting potential
dangers into useful material and saving marine
animals in the process!
PARLEY FOR THE OCEANS

A
nother company finding a better use
for plastic ocean waste is Parley for
the Oceans. They work together with
the sports giant Adidas to recycle illegally
abandoned fishing nets and convert them into
the fibers that are used to make one of their
running shoes. That’s right: it’s a sports shoe
made from recycled plastic waste.
Proyecto VIEM:
Viviendas Emergentes

R
ecycling plastic, glass or other materials
is good, but reusing is even better. Most
people try to recycle PET bottles, but
this group of Mexican volunteers is finding
a better use for them. They use clean, used,
empty bottles and transform them into building
material. How? Well, they fill the bottles with
sand or soil and close them. The bottle is now a
solid brick and it can be used like a normal brick
to build walls and complete houses. The group
was formed after the terrible earthquakes of
September 2017 and is using the remnants
from the destruction of the earthquake to fill
the bottles and rebuild houses.

Listen
1 • Listen to the people talking about their experiences with these innovative items.
Which item are they describing in each conversation? Write the number of the
conversation next to the corresponding image.

Compare
+ share Which of these projects is the most interesting, in your opinion? Why? Which
project helps the environment most? Give reasons for your answer. Share
your ideas with your classmates.

Platform One 5
 VOCABULARY

MATERIALS
Warm up

What materials are found in your house or household objects?

KEEP GOING

Are they natural or man-made materials?

Practice

• Classify the materials in the box, according to the four categories below.
Then, put the word under the corresponding image.

iron cotton brick paper

sand stainless steel leather gold
card glass aluminum wood
silk cement cardboard wool
Fabrics
Metals
products
Wood
materials
Building

And you?
AND YOU

What products made of each material do you have at home?

Give
More
• What other materials in each category do you know? Write them in the box below.

6 Platform One
 LANGUAGE

PASSIVE VOICE: PRESENT

Hey Christy. I love the design
of your new handbag. It’s made of small colored plastic
beads. It’s produced by the Huicholes,

KEEP GOING
in Nayarit.
And, where did you buy it?
Well, the Huichol products aren’t sold
Well, I’m going to look for them the in big departments stores. I bought it
next time I go to the market. It’s at a local market.
beautiful and so unique.

Warm up

What is an active person? How can you describe an active person? And a passive
person? What’s the difference between an active and passive person?
TIP!
We use by to
refer to the
In an active sentence, the subject comes • Compare these sentences: person/object/
before the verb and the subject does the company
action of the verb. Active voice who does the
Jalisco produced tequila action.
In a passive sentence, the object receives We use of to
the action of the verb. Passive voice refer to the
material.
Tequila is produced by Jalisco

Be + past participle
Am I REMEMBER!
I am (not)
he seen Don’t forget
He hit Is she designed to include
She is (not) made it created ? the correct
It produced programmed conjugation
used you of be.
We found
recycled Are we
You are (not) they
They

Practice • In each sentence, one word is missing. Add the missing word.
1 This bag is made leather.
2 Modern houses built from metal and bricks.
3 My uncle’s house is designed a famous Mexican architect.
4 Electricity used in most modern appliances.
5 Millions of cars produced worldwide every month.
Practice
• Complete these passive sentences with the corresponding form of be and the past participle.

1 Plastic bottles, papers, soda cans and glass bottles (recycle) in many countries.
2 Most of the latest technology (design) by the companies in Silicon Valley near San Francisco.
3 Unfortunately thousands of trees in the Amazon rainforest (cut) down to make furniture or paper.
4 Every six years, a new president (elect) in Mexico.
5 This television show (record) with a live audience.
And you?
AND YOU

What products are made or produced in your state? In your country? Share your answers with
your classmates. Be sure to use full sentences with the passive voice.

Platform One 7
 Social skills: diversity & intercultural situations – similarities and differences

READING & LISTENING

Warm up
HOUSES MADE OF PLASTIC
Reading
What materials are used in the construction of houses in your region? Are these materials recycled?
KEEP GOING

• Read this text about houses that are made from recycled plastic bricks.

T
hese houses are made from plastic bricks, similar then compressed and melted and 3kg bricks are formed,
to large Lego blocks. This material helps to cre- similar to Lego bricks because they link together. The com-
ate cheap housing for poor families and reduce pany also makes the posts and pillars that are used in their
the millions of tons of plastic waste around the world. constructions. With this material, they’re ready to build their
The bricks are made by a Colombian company, called houses, community centers or shelters. shelters-refugios
Conceptos Plásticos. It’s managed by the co-founders,
Fernando Llanos and Oscar Mendez, an architect.
One solution for three problems
These bricks help to solve three big problems in Colom-
bia and the world.
The recycled plastic means that thousands of tons of
plastic trash aren’t thrown into the ecosystem. Conse-
quently, millions of plants and animals are protected.
The houses also protect and empower the most vulner-
able sector of society: the poor. And because the inhab- How are the houses built?
itants build their own houses, they are in control of their Another great advantage of this project is the efficiency. Lo-
life. Finally, many more jobs are created and the local cal people are trained in how to use the bricks and previous
economy is benefited. construction experience isn’t necessary to build these sim-
ple, Lego-style houses. A six-room house of 40m2 is built by
How are the bricks made?
four people in just five days.
All different types of plastic objects, including bottles,
So with this new material, the whole community comes to-
computer parts, machines and packaging are collected
gether to create more dignified lives for those who need it.
from local factories and recycling plants. The plastic is
And they help the environment in the process.

Practice
• Read the text again and check the box of the paragraph in the text where this information is found.

Introduction One solution for How are the How are the
Which paragraph... three problems bricks made? houses built?
1 Explains the production process of the material?

2 Describes the construction process?

3 Gives us information about the company

responsible for the product?
4 Details why this product is so useful?

5 Mentions the positive environmental impact?

Listen
2
• Conceptos Plasticos is part of the Chivas Venture group of social projects around the world.
Listen to 5 more of the 2016 projects and draw a line from the name of the project to the materials
used in each product. You won’t use all the materials.
1 Coolar 2 Eco mensajeria 3 Habitec 4 Wacami 5 Ich

plastic fabric leather paper wood metal solar panels

Give
More
Which of these projects do you think is the most promising for the future?
Why? Share your opinions with your partner.

8 Platform One
 WHICH COUNTRY IS IT MADE IN?
Warm up

What products are made in your country?

KEEP GOING
Are any of these products produced in your state?
Talk
about it
• Look at these 8 countries. What items are produced in these countries?
• Use the list of products and verbs to describe what is produced in each country.
Be sure to use the passive voice.
• You can repeat the countries for some products.

China
tequila
Germany grow
coffee
Russia rice make
Japan wine produce
Mexico clothes design
Chile technology manufacture
USA vodka assemble
Brazil cars

Give
More
• With your partner, try to add other popular or famous products from
these or other countries.
Write
about it
• Now, choose any of the items from the list above or any other product and describe
the production process. What materials are used? How is it assembled? Use at
least 4 sentences in passive voice.

Compare
+Share

• Compare your writing with your partner. Do you know about all the steps of the
production process? Pay attention to the use of the passive voice.

Platform One 9
 VOCABULARY

NATURAL HABITATS
Warm up

Do you enjoy being in contact with nature? Why?

KEEP GOING

What effects does nature have on you?

Practice

• Look at the different categories of nature below and rearrange the letters
in the box to write the correct name of each area
Water

necoa ase keal evrri

Heights

antinomu lihl lelvay acoolnv

Habitats

legnuj / osowd/ erdets acost/

storefinar fretos acheb

ycti nowt alivegl ellwifid

And you?
AND YOU

Which of these spaces do you have in your state?

Which is your favorite natural space? What do you do there?

10 Platform One
 LANGUAGE

PASSIVE VOICE: PAST

Hi John. Have you seen the
new mall that was opened last

KEEP GOING
month? It’s amazing, don’t you Well, yes, it’s an amazing mall
think? and it’s beautiful. But, remember
that it was built on the site of a
beautiful lake.
Ah, yes, that’s true. It was
declared an area of exceptional
natural beauty by an
environmental agency some Exactly, and the lake was
years ago. completely destroyed.
Apparently, more than 2, 000
trees and animals were killed to
You’re right, it’s such a shame. clear space for the mall.
We have to look after our
natural habitats more.

To use the passive voice in past tense, we put the auxiliary verb (be) in past tense – was / were.

I I
he robbed he made
was (not) Was
she declared she designed
it built it developed ?
we opened you produced
you were (not) used Were we killed
they they

• Compare these passive voice sentences in present and past:

The mall is made of cement, glass and metal. It was opened in 2017.
The valley is inhabited by a variety of wildlife. It was declared a national park in 2012.
Practice

• Put the verbs in brackets in the past passive voice

1 Last year, the forest 3 The local animals’ habitats

(destroy)in a forest fire. (affect) by the hurricane last month.
2 This town (build) 4 The river near my house
more than 300 years ago. (pollute) by a large factory last year, and thousands of
fish (kill).
Practice

• Change these passive voice sentences form present to past.

1 The village on the beach is visited by 4 Every day, more than a million telephone calls
thousands of tourists every year. are made across the world.
Last year, Yesterday,
2 The wood from this species of tree isn’t used in
construction nowadays. 5 Nowadays, metal and bricks are used in most
domestic constructions.
in the past. In the past, wood
3 Where are those cars made?

Platform One 11
 Environmental skills: recycling education & discovering ways to help the environment

THE WORLD’S FIRST SUSTAINABLE SCHOOL

Warm up

What do you understand by ‘environmentally friendly’? Is your school environmentally friendly?

KEEP GOING

Reading How/why (not)?

• Read this article about a sustainable school in Uruguay.
An environmentally friendly school
The world’s first sustainable school materials, including 14,000 cans, 5,000 grows a variety of fruits and vegeta-
was designed in Jaureguiberry, a glass bottles and 4,000 plastic bottles, bles.
small village on the coast of Uruguay, 2,200 tires and 2,000m2 of cardboard. The first of many more
next to a river. The school was built These materials were used for the The school was opened in February
in just 45 days, with the help of more general construction of the school. 2016, now the founders Tagma are
than 200 volunteers. The project was The school also generates its own looking to work with other commu-
designed by a Uruguayan civil society electricity from solar panels on the nities around the world to copy this
organization, called Tagma. roof. It also collects rainwater thanks project and benefit more communi-
How to make a sustainable school to the hills and forests in the region ties, while saving the environment at
The preparation process took a much and has its own garden, where it the same time.
longer time; a year, in fact. During this
time, people from 30 countries were
involved and the local people were
given a training course, including tips
and techniques to reuse their waste
products for the school. The team
also organized meetings, festivals,
workshops and visits to the area to
get more people involved in this com-
munity project and to raise crucial
funds for the construction.
Ingredients for a sustainable school
The school is made from recycled
Practice
• Read the text again carefully and answer the questions with full sentences.
1 Where was the sustainable school built?
2 In how many days was the school built?
3 How many people were involved in the project?
4 What material was used to build the school?
5 When was this school opened?
Listen
3
• Listen to the descriptions of three other sustainable buildings in Mexico.
Fill in the descriptions with the missing information you hear.

Tubohotel Green Roof, Universidad del Arte

Infonavit offices
Location: Location: Location:

Materials used: Materials used: Materials used:

Opening date: Opening date: Opening date:

And you?
AND YOU

Which of these 3 places would you like to visit? Why? Share your opinion with your classmates.

12 Platform One
 STRANGE NEWS HEADLINES
Warm up
• Have you ever read a strange news story? What happened? What’s the most
interesting or surprising news story you’ve heard?

KEEP GOING
Talk
about it
• Look at these newspaper headlines and invent what you think happened, using a
sentence in passive voice. Share your idea with your partner. Then, ask your
partner a question using the passive voice, based on what they said.

CA R DE ST RO YE D BY
arm Shark seen in local lake
vered in f
GR OU P OF AN IMA LS
o
Gold disc
CA R DIS AP PE AR S
RO YS HOUSE
I N  L O C A L  R I V E R TREE DEST
PPED
GIRLS TRA Alien vehicle BANK ROBB
IN ZOO fo un d in ju ng le CAUGHT BY OLD E R S
L ADY

TREE DESTROYS HOUSE

A house was destroyed
yesterday when a tree fell on
the roof. Two bedrooms were Were the family members
completely demolished. hurt in the incident?

Write
about it
• Now, choose one of the headlines and invent the news story. Don’t forget to include
some details and include a minimum of three sentences in passive voice, past
tense. Try to make it as creative and interesting as possible!

Put your headline here:

Shark seen in local lake
Sharks were spotted in Blue Rock Lake by a family. The family was at the local lake
having a barbecue. The family thought they were fish but when they closer, they
were different. The family was from a nearby town.
It is unknown how the sharks got there, although the lake connects to the ocean
and before the lake was full of fish until the sharks arrived.
The police noticed that the fish were eaten by the sharks. After the news were
spread all the local people was afraid to go to the lake again.
The sharks were captured by the corresponding authorities and were freed to the
ocean again.

Compare
+ share

• Show your news story to your partner. Did you choose the same news story? Check the correct
use of passive voice in past tense. Make any corrections if necessary. Share your story with your
classmates. Who has the funniest and most creative story?

Platform One 13
 VOCABULARY

LOOKING AFTER THE ENVIRONMENT

Warm up In your opinion, what does environmentally-friendly mean?
KEEP GOING

Do you consider yourself an environmentally-friendly person?

Why do we call environmentally-friendly people and products green?
Practice

• Put the words from the box under the corresponding image.

rino-rinoceronte

endangered species water pollution the greenhouse effect

air pollution biodegradable noise pollution

biohazar- riesgo biológico

litter-desperdicos radioactive contamination deforestation

ecosystem/habitat climate change/global warming recycle

deforestation the greenhouse effect water pollution

litter ecosystem/habitat air pollution
endangered species biodegradable noise pollution
climate change/global warming recycle radioactive contamination

Give
More
Which of these activities are beneficial for the environment? Which are harmful?

14 Platform One
 LANGUAGE

ACTIVE VOICE VS PASSIVE VOICE

Hi Christy. Have you seen all the
pollution in our town recently?

KEEP GOING
I know, it’s horrible. The air is
polluted with the smoke from
all the cars and the factories.
You’re right. The factories And the river’s polluted by the
pollute a lot and cause a lot of factories, too.
sickness.

Good point. Lots of sicknesses

We all pollute. Pollution is are caused by pollution. Like
caused by all of us, and we asthma, for example.
should all look after the
environment more.

There are 2 types of sentences: active voice or passive voice.

In an active voice sentence, the subject In a passive voice sentence, the subject
does the action of the verb: receives the action of the verb:

Pollution causes asthma. Asthma is caused by pollution.

Ms. Lewis teaches the students. The students are taught by Ms. Lewis.
A fire destroyed the forest. The forest was destroyed by a fire.
Natalie broke the plates. The plates were broken by Natalie.

Practice

• Are these sentences active or passive voice? Circle the correct option.
Pollution and litter cause climate change. Active/Passive
Human actions destroyed that ecosystem. Active/Passive
I’m surprised by that decision. Active/Passive
The president visited the hospital workers. Active/Passive
This computer was designed in Japan. Active/Passive
Practice

• Then, conjugate the verb correctly. Analyze the sentences carefully. Decide if they’re active or
passive voice, and present or past tense.
1 My dad noticed (notice) the problem with the car yesterday morning.
2 This factory produces (produce) over 2,000 cell phones every day.
3 The first computer was designed (design) many years ago.
4 Each month, more than 10,000 cars are sold (sell) in the USA.
5 Last Saturday’s soccer game was canceled (cancel) because of the extreme weather conditions.
6 The state governor opened (open) the new hospital in 2015.
Compare
+ Share

• Compare your answers with your partner. Do you have the same answers?
If not, talk about them and make any changes if necessary.

Platform One 15
 Reading skills: discovering patterns in language structures

KEEPING OUR PLANET CLEAN

Warm up

Is there a lot of trash in your local community? Who is responsible

KEEP GOING

for all this litter? Why do people litter? What can you do to stop it?
Reading

• Read this text about an organization that is cleaning up the world’s oceans.

H
ave you ever gone to the beach and noticed all the from Canada to the Caribbean, and even as far north as
litter on the sand or in the ocean? And what have Norway. With this, millions of fish and other marine wild-
you done about it? Probably nothing, like most of life are saved. The trash (most of
us. But Alex Schulze is different to most people. He was which is plastic) is then taken to
inspired by all the trash in the ocean in his hometown in official trash removal facilities
Florida, so he decided to do something about it. and all recyclable materials are
In January 2017, Alex and his partner created 4Ocean, recycled properly.
a company that cleans beaches and oceans in and The company sells bracelets to
around Florida and the world. In less than one year, collect money for their cleanup
more than 50,000 kilograms of garbage were removed operations. For each bracelet
from the world’s beaches and oceans by 4Ocean volun- that is sold, half a kilo of garbage
teers and employees. is removed from the ocean.
They now have 4 full-time captains and boats and more This truly is an environmentally
than 30 full-time employees. Every day, these people re- friendly and socially responsible
move trash from different parts of the world’s oceans, company.
Practice
• According to the information in the text, circle the correct sentence in each question. Pay attention
to the grammar and meaning of each sentence.

1  a) The trash in the ocean b) Alex inspired the trash c) The trash in the ocean
inspired Alex. in the ocean. was inspired by. Alex.
2  a) 4Ocean was created b) Alex and his partner were c) 4Ocean created Alex
by Alex and his partner. created by 4Ocean. and his partner.
3  a) Beaches and oceans b) 4Ocean staff are cleaned c) The 4Ocean staff clean
clean 4Ocean staff. by beaches and oceans. beaches and oceans.
4  a) 4 boats bought b) 4 boats were bought c) 4Ocean were bought
4Ocean in 2017. by 4Ocean in 2017. by 4 boats in 2017.
5  a) 4Ocean staff are saved b) The 4Ocean staff c) Marine wildlife save
by marine wildlife. save marine li fe. 4Ocean staff.
6  a) 4Ocean buy bracelets. b) A Bracelets are c) Bracelets are sold by 4Ocean.
bought by 4Ocean.

Listen
4
• Have you ever wondered how much trash you produce every day? What happens
to it? Is it possible to not produce any garbage? Listen to this Japanese town’s
plans to become completely free of garbage and complete the sentences with the
information you hear.

• In Kamikatso, all garbage is separated into 34 categories.

• The fabric from old clothes is used to make new clothes.
• In kurukuru stores, people exchange and reuse other people’s unwanted articles.
• Food waste is used to make composte .
• The town plans to be completely free of garbage by the year 2020 .
Compare
+ Share

• Compare your answers with your partner. Which of these schemes helps the
environment more? Why? Discuss it with your classmates.

16 Platform One
 HELPING THE ENVIRONMENT IN MY TOWN
Warm up

Are we doing enough to protect the environment? Why (not)? How? Who is

KEEP GOING
responsible for this? You and I? The government? Businesses and industry?
Talk
about it
• Which of the environmental issues on page page 14 worries you the most for your
area? Why?
• With your partner, choose one specific environmental problem that is found in your
local area. Together, talk about the answers to these questions:

What are the effects of this Why is this the biggest problem?
problem on the environment,
wildlife, habitats and humans?
What is the biggest problem for
the environment on your area?
Who is responsible for creating
this problem?
Who or what is most affected by
this problem?
How are these people/
organizations responsible for Why does this problem persist?
the problem? Why isn’t it fixed?

How can we solve this problem? What can we do to solve this

What is necessary? problem?
Write
about it
• Now, write about this problem below. Try to include most of the points mentioned in
the questions above.
• Include a minimum of 2 examples of passive voice and active voice in your
description.

The most important and urgent environmental issue in my area today is...

Compare
+ share
• Compare your writing with your classmates. Did they choose the same environmental issue as
you? If they did, did they mention the same points as you? Add any extra points to your writing if
you find their information is useful.
• If they chose a different issue, do you agree with them? Why (not)?

Platform One 17
 VOCABULARY

ENERGY IN NATURE
Warm up

Where can we find energy in nature? How do you use energy in your country?
KEEP GOING

Practice

• Put the words from each category under the correct picture

Natural resources
soil / trees / water / minerals

trees minerals soil water

riniuable
Renewable energy
wind power / geothermal energy / hydropower/ solar energy

solar energy wind power geothermal energy hydropower

Non-renewable energy
coal / oil / natural gas / nuclear energy
cool

nuclear energy coal-carbon oil natural gas

Give
More

• Match the definition of these categories to the corresponding term.

Materials found in nature which people use to meet their needs. non-renewable energy

Resources which are in limited supply in the earth. renewable energy

Unlimited sources of energy, which are abundant and free. natural resources

18 Platform One
 LANGUAGE

RELATIVE PRONOUNS
Hi John. Have you seen those Yes, of course. The government
new solar panels that generate installed hundreds of them in the

KEEP GOING
electricity? valley where we used to play sports.

So, soon we’ll have electricity that’s That’s a great idea. Then they can
cheap and environmentally friendly. close the ugly power station that
burns coal and creates all the black
smoke, which affects everybody.

We can join 2 phrases together when we talk about the same thing, place or person.
Water is a natural resource. We must protect it. Water is a natural resource that / which we must protect.
A teacher is a person.
A teacher is a person who has a lot of responsibility.
A teacher has a lot of responsibility.
A forest is a natural habitat. A forest is a natural habitat where
Thousands of species live there. thousands of species live.

We use a relative pronoun to replace the noun we mentioned in the previous phrase:
Where to replace a place: This is the supermarket where I buy my food Replaces the supermarket (a place)

Who to replace people: This is Matt. He’s the man who Replaces Matt (a person)
helped with my car problems last week.
That/which to replace an object/concept/animal:
Pollution is a major problem which affects everyone. Replaces problem (a thing)

Practice

• Write the correct relative pronoun to complete each sentence. Pay attention to the word in the previous
phrase it refers to. Now, underline the word in each sentence that the relative pronoun replaces.

1 Coal, oil and gas are energy sources that pollute the air that we breathe.
2 Tourists are people who bring a lot of money to the country they visit.
3 Cows are the animals that most pollute the environment, through their methane expulsion.
4 I don’t know any people who use solar panels in their house.
5 Cancun is a famous beach where many international tourists go to relax and explore the Riviera Maya.

Practice
• Match the first and second parts of these phrases and add the correct relative pronoun in the box.
1 The soil is the place … who is responsible for all the workers in the company.
4 Minerals are a natural resource… which all living creatures need.
3 A manager is a person… where many people work at different desks.
4 Wood is a popular material… where trees and plants find water and nutrients.
5 An office is a place… who are receiving a level of education (school, university, etc.)
6 Students are people… which is used in many constructions.
Give
More

• Complete these sentences of relative pronouns with your own ideas.

1. My state is a state where… the goverment is not efficient 3. English is a language that… is interesting
2. I’m a person who… likes movies 4. My teacher is a person who… works hard all day

Platform One 19
 Reading skills: skimming a text; inferring meaning and making conclusions

ABEL CRUZ: THE CLOUD CATCHER

Warm up

• Look at the title and the picture. What do you think the text will talk about? What do
you think Abel Cruz has done?
KEEP GOING

Reading
• Share your ideas and predictions with your classmates.
• Read the text to discover more about Abel Cruz and exactly what ‘cloud catching’ is.

M eet Abel Cruz, an engineer and social activist who

grew up in the slums of Lima, in Peru, where he and
his family didn’t have any fresh drinking water. Now, he’s
tions. He discovered that the geographical and climatic
conditions in the mountains around Lima provided the
perfect scenario for this new technology which can
the man who’s behind a huge project which brings water ‘catch’ or ‘trap’ more than 15,000 liters of fresh water a
to communities in those slums of Lima. day from the atmosphere in large nets. This has benefit-
Lima’s water problem ed more than 250 families who live in poverty on these
Lima is a megacity of more than 10 million people, be- mountains.
tween the Pacific Ocean coast and a mountainous des- Abel has literally pulled water out of the air for these
ert region. However, the Rímac River is where most of families. But exactly how does this system work? Listen
the city gets its water from. to the reporter’s description to find. Listen 5
The problem is for the people living in the slums on the
mountains outside the city, where there’s no water in-
frastructure. That means there’s no supply system or
network of water pipes. So, the local inhabitants have
to pay for a water truck which comes from the city three
times a week.
A water solution
That’s when Abel Cruz started to look for other solu-

Practice

• With the information from the text, draw a line to match the phrases on the
right to complete each sentence. Be careful! There are 2 extra options.
that has over 10 million inhabitants.
• Abel Cruz is a man… where Lima’s poor families live.
• The Rímac River is a river… where the mountains have 10 million people.
• The mountains are… who used to live in the poor areas of Lima.
• Lima is a city… that gives water to poor families there.
• The large nets in the mountains are an invention… who Abel Cruz invents.
Listen that brings water to Lima.
5
• Now listen to an expert explaining in detail how the process of catching the fog works and
answer the questions.
• Number the steps of the diagram about the process of catching fog.
The water in the net falls down Droplets of water in fog
into an open pipe under the net. are trapped in the small holes
1 of the net.
4
2 This pipe connects with pipes from Residents use the water from the
other nets. This network of pipes water tanks to wash, cook or water
goes to large water storage tanks. their plants.
3
Give 1 Why do you think Abel Cruz is called ‘the cloud catcher’?
More
2 How many nets are on the mountains outside Lima?
3 How much water per day does each net trap?
4 In total, how much water do all the nets outside Lima trap per day?
5 Why do you think the quantity of water trapped per day varies? Explain.

20 Platform One
 IT’S A PLACE WHERE…
Warm up
• Relative pronouns are useful to describe things. Think of a description of any object
using relative pronouns. Share your descriptions with your partner.

KEEP GOING
Talk
about it
• In small groups, take turns to think of any vocabulary item you’ve learned in this
platform. Describe your word using a relative pronoun, but without mentioning
the word. Your teammates must learn the word.

It’s a material which builders

use to make houses.

It’s a material which comes

from trees. It’s wood!

It’s a place where you can ski.

It’s a place where there is snow.

It’s a mountain!

Write
about it
• Choose any of energy sources from page 18. Describe the energy process,
and include a minimum of three relative pronouns.

Where
e
does th
e n e r g y
come
from?
How does
the process
work?
How
is the
y
energ?
used

Compare
+ share

• Check your writing with your partner. Pay attention to the use of relative pronouns.
Make any changes if necessary. Can you add any extra information?

Platform One 21
 LOGICAL THINKING: WHICH POWER STATION?
Reading
• Look at the five images and factsheets for these different power stations from around the world. U
se the information from the sentences to complete all the factsheets.
WRAP UP

Name: Akosombo Name: Svartsengi Name: Theppana

Type of energy generated: Type of energy generated: Type of energy generated:
hydroelectric energy geothermal energy wind energy
Amount of energy generated: Amount of energy generated: Amount of energy generated:
1036 MW 74 MW 7 MW
Location: dam Location: valley Location: hill
Opening date: 1965 Opening date: 1976 Opening date: 2013

The power station that was

built in 1976 is located in a
valley.
The plant that generates the
lowest amount of energy is the
wind farm, with just 7MW.
The solar and wind plants were
Name: Rosamond 1 & 2 projects Name: Neurah opened in 2013.
Type of energy generated: Type of energy generated: The power station that
solar energy coal energy generates most energy uses
Amount of energy generated: Amount of energy generated: coal and is located in a forest.
47 MW 4,400 MW
Location: desert Location: forest The Akosombo power station is dam-presa
Opening date:
located on a dam and produces de agua
2013 Opening date: 1972
hydroelectric energy.
4,400MW is the most energy The oldest power plant was The coal power station was
generated at one of the power opened in 1965. opened in 1972.
plants.
The geothermal power station The solar energy plant
The hydroelectric plant produces was opened 4 years after the generates 47MW.
14 times more energy than the coal station. Theppana wind farm is located
geothermal power station, which
The power station that creates on a hill.
produces 74MW.
most power is the Neurah Rosamond 1 & 2 Projects are
Svartsengi power station doesn’t power station. located in the desert.
produce coal and it’s not located
in a forest.
Compare
+ Share • Compare your answers with your classmates. Who completed all 5 factsheet
in the fastest time?

22 Platform One
 WONDERFUL WORDS: IN-/IM-/IR-/IL-
Warm up
• What words do you know that start with in-, im-, il- or -ir? What does this prefix mean?

We add in-/im-/ir-/il- to adjectives to make the adjective negative.

What’s the difference between the 4 forms?

inmeasurable- no se
We normally use in-, inconsiderate, inactive
But: if the word begins with m or p, we use im- immature, impatient

WRAP UP
puede medir
measurable- algo que se If the word begins with r, we use ir- irregular, irrational
puede medir If the word begins with l, we use il- illegal, illogical
Practice

illiterate- • Using the rule from the box above, complete the spaces in the table to form the correct negative form of the
iliterado adjective. Use your dictionary or the internet to investigate the meaning of any new vocabulary.
Practice

prefix + adjective = negative • Use the most appropriate negative prefix

in + adequate = inadequate adjective from the table or examples above
im + perfect = imperfect to complete the sentences.
in + complete = incomplete
1 The use of drugs is illegal in all states of the
ir + regular = irregular country. The punishment is a long jail sentence.
il + literate = illiterate
2 I didn’t have time to finish all my homework, so I
im + measurable = immeasurable
gave it incomplete to my teacher. I did only six of the
ir + responsible = irresponsible ten exercises.
ir + resistible = irresistible
3 Mr. Thomas lost his job in the supermarket because
im + moral = immoral he was very irresponsable. He lost money, he made a lot
in + capable = incapable of mistakes and he didn’t know how to do basic work
tasks.
in + definite = indefinite
im + probable = improbable 4 Approximately 5% of Mexicans are illiterate .
in + competent = incompetent They cannot read or write. Most of these people live in
isolated rural locations.
im + practical = impractical
in + significant = insignificant 5 The engineers are worried about the construction
+ comprehensible = incomprehensible of the new bridge, they say that it’s not strong and it’s
in
very insecure because of the bad materials the
in + convenient = inconvenient construction company used.
ir + relevant = irrelevant
6 My dad is the most impatient person I know. He
in + dependent = independent
can’t wait for more than 2 minutes. If we go to the
in + secure = insecure supermarket and there are long lines, he gets so angry.
in + finite = infinite He doesn’t like to wait.
And you?
AND YOU

• What other adjectives do you know that start with these negative prefixes? Share your answers with
your classmates.
Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. If you have differences, compare them. Could two
answers be possible? Which word is most appropriate in each case? Make a decision together.
Give
More

• Can you put some more of the words from the table in a sentence to demonstrate their meaning?

Platform One 23
 SAY IT RIGHT: OO
Listen Many words have the oo combination. It can produce different sounds.
6
• Listen to the pronunciation of these words and compare the different pronunciation:
WRAP UP

book hook wool food spoon boot

cookie wood good balloon shoot choose chuse

Practice

• Now, practice the pronunciation of these words. Ask your classmate

to check your pronunciation.
Give
More
• Make a list of other words you know with oo. Separate them into two groups,
depending on their pronunciation. Use the pictures to help you.
moon, school, pool zoo,football
‘book’ ‘boot’

zoo, look, foot, wood, moon, food took, room,root, foot, broom, poor

zoom, cool, floor, school

Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. Add any extra words you find.

FIND THE SOUND!

Practice

• Look carefully at the spelling of the words below and think about their pronunciation.
• Practice pronouncing the different pairs of words.
Listen
7
• Listen carefully and circle the words you hear.
1 look lock 5 boot bot
2 pool pull 6 good god
3 book buck 7 look luck
4 shoot shot 8 choose chose

24 Platform One
Plat f o r m O n e
As s e s s m e n t
tools
Contents:
Project with checklist & rubric
Language review
Vocabulary review
Peer assessment
Self assessment

Platform One
 Environmental skills: analyzing environmental problems & proposing practical solutions

PROJECT

ENVIRONMENTAL FIRST AID

Warm up

Do you know a person or organization that helps the environment?

How? What do they do?
Talk
about it
• With your partner or in small groups, make a list of all the problems there are in
your community that affect the environment. Think about the following factors to
help you:

How we produce, use and protect energy

The materials and resources we use every day

How we pollute the environment

How we use and protect natural resources

What we do with our trash

Practice

• Organize the information you talk about and the problems you discuss into the 2
columns below:

Public, industrial Personal activities

and commercial activities

Think
about it

Practice • Now, choose one of these problems and design a creative, practical and realistic solution for it.
Investigate statistics to illustrate the problem more.
• You can present your information in a poster, flyer, video or other format your teacher gives you.
Compare
+ share

• After, compare all the projects in the group. Which is the most practical project? Which will help
the environment more? Can you do what the project asks? Start saving the environment!

26 Platform One
 CHECKLIST
• Make sure your project includes all the points on the checklist.
 1 clear, practical solution for the problem
 Min. 2 examples of passive voice in present tense
 Min. 2 examples of passive voice in past tense
 Min. 2 examples of active voice in present tense
 Min. 2 examples of active voice in past tense
 Min. 2 real statistics
 Min. 2 sentences with relative pronouns
 Min. 2 different materials
 Min. 5 vocabulary items form this platform
 Min. 2 images/drawings

RUBRIC
• Pay attention to the aspects in this rubric to see how your teacher will grade your project:

excellent good unsatisfactory

2 points 1.5 points 1 point
creativity and
solution is mainly clear solution is unclear or
practicality to clear, detailed solution,
and detailed; some lacking detail; missing
solution for showing creative, practical
creative, practical and/or creative, practical aspects;
environmen- and realistic aspects
realistic aspects missing unrealistic
tal problem
a clear, organized mostly well-organized
incoherent structure;
structure, structure in whole structure and use of
elements in wrong place or
order & assignment; information information; does not
missing; difficult to follow
coherence is easy to follow and well cause confusion for the
the information
illustrated reader
student demonstrates student demonstrates
correct use of target good use of target mistakes in target
language language structures; language structures; a few language; cause confusion
no mistakes in target (minor) mistakes in target for the reader
language language
student uses target very limited or incorrect
student uses a wide variety
vocabulary sufficiently; use of target vocabulary;
of target vocabulary and
vocabulary more varied use of no new terms used;
demonstrates investigation
vocabulary and/or new incorrect use of key
of new terms
terms needed vocabulary

spelling, almost no spelling or some mistakes in spelling many mistakes in spelling

punctuation & punctuation mistakes; and/or punctuation; good and/or punctuation; poor
presentation excellent presentation presentation presentation

Total /10

Platform One 27
 LANGUAGE REVIEW
• Write the correct relative pronoun to complete these sentences.
1. Plastic, glass and paper are materials which / that we can recycle easily.
2. Soccer is a sport is played by millions of people all over the world.
3. A valley is a place many different types of wildlife live together.
4. Puerto Vallarta is a beach many national and international tourists come to relax.
WRAP UP

5. Do you know the man gave us the conference at school today?

6. Water and minerals are elements are needed by all living creatures.
7. This lake is a place many people come to camp every weekend.
8. Pollution and litter are problems affect all people, everywhere.
9. Paula’s the type of girl helps all her friends and always gives good advice.
10. That forest is one of the places were destroyed in the recent forest fires.
11. That’s the man stole my bag!
/10

• Put the words in the correct order to form

sentences and questions.
1. national park / opened / ? / was / when / that
When was that national park opened?
2. natural / global / destroys / habitats / warming

3. bricks / those / made / are / from / recycled plastic

4. many / in / sold / tequila / is / countries

5. your / made / where / ? / shoes / were /

6. was / in / ? / computer / designed / Gemma’s /Japan

7. killed / those / deforestation / animals / were / by

8. of / not / leather / bag / my / is / made

9. with / school / that / built / not / was / iron

10. by / solar / is / generated / energy / the wind / not

11. pollution / effect / caused / by / is / the greenhouse

/10

28 Platform One
 • Change these active voice sentences into passive voice.
1. That company recycled a million plastic bottles last 7. Many multinational companies polluted the water in
year. that river last year.
A million plastic bottles were recycled by that
company last year.
2. Mexico exports tequila and coffee. 8. The contamination in the water kills the wildlife.

3. A local construction company built Eddie’s house. 9. Mr Hill’s solar panels didn’t generate a lot of elec-
tricity last month.

WRAP UP
4. That house uses plastic bricks.
10. Renewable energy sources don’t create global
5. The greenhouse effect destroyed many vulnerable warming.
habitats last century.
11. Mexico doesn’t generate a lot of geothermal energy.
6. Radioactive contamination doesn’t affect our city.

/10
• Conjugate the verbs in the correct tense (present or past) and voice (active or passive).

1. My bike was stolen (steal) from school yesterday afternoon.

2. This company (sell) more than a million tablets last year.

3. This hotel (build) from recycled materials.

4. That company (pollute) more than 10 million liters of river water

last year.

5. The road (destroy) by an earthquake in 2015.

6. Many forms of renewable energy (use) in different buildings today.

7. Global warming (kill) many vulnerable species of plants and ani-

mals every year.

8. This poem (write) by William Shakespeare in 1599.

9. A dangerous dog (attack) my sister-in-law in the park last weekend.

10. English is the most popular language in the world. Every day, it
(speak) by more than 1.5 billion people.

11. This is a ‘green’ office building. Every day, it (generate) its electricity
/10
from solar panels and wind turbines on the roof.

My progress Total /40

35-40 Excellent! You’ve learnt everything. You’re ready for platform two!

25-34 Good progress. Study the parts you’re unsure about before you continue.

15-24 Study more. Go back and review the points you didn’t understand.

 0-14 Oops! You need to repeat this unit before you continue.

Platform One 29
 VOCABULARY REVIEW
• Unscramble the letters to correctly write the words of the vocabulary from this unit.
You can check the pages from this unit to help you.

Materials Natural habitats

WRAP UP

st   nl ss st   l m   nt   n
l m n m s  
r n v ll g
w   l c   st
c m nt h ll
w   d c ty
s nd w   ds
c rd d s rt
c rdb   rd j ngl
c tt n c   n
g ld v ll y
l   th r r   nf r st
s lk l k
br ck w ldl f
p p r t wn
gl ss b   ch
v lc n
r v r
f r st

The environment

r d     ct v
Natural energy
c nt m n t n
cl m t ch ng
l tt r   l
n   s p ll t   n hydr p w r
r cycl n cl   r n rgy
th gr   nh   s ff ct w nd p w r
gl b l w rm ng c   l
d f r st t   n n t r l g s
w t r p ll t   n s   l
c syst m tr   s
b   d gr d bl g   th rm l n rgy
nd ng r d sp c   s w t r
  r p ll t   n m n r ls
h b t t s l r n rgy

30 Platform One
 PEER ASSESSMENT
• Together with your partner, check your grades from the language review, vocabulary review and
evaluation diagnosis to check the most appropriate box about your progress.

I need more almost a piece

practice perfect of cake!

Exchange information about how products are made

Step 1: Language: Passive voice: present
Vocabulary: Materials
Give and ask for information about how resources
are used
Step 2:
Language: Passive voice: past
Vocabulary: Natural habitats
Analyze and describe actions that benefit and harm
the environment
Step 3:
Language: Passive voice vs active voice
Vocabulary: Looking after the environment
Exchange information about how energy is used and
generated
Step 4:
Language: Relative clauses
Vocabulary: Energy in nature

WHAT’S NEXT?
• After analyzing your partner’s language and vocabulary reviews and based on the
grades you gave your partner above, answer these questions to help your partner.

1 What are your partner’s strong points in the topics you learned this period?

2 What are your partner’s weak points in the topics you learned this period?

3 What should your partner do to improve his/her language score?

Platform One 31
 SELF-ASSESSMENT
• Look at the grades and comments your partner gave you in the peer
assessment and your grades from the project, language review and
vocabulary review to answer these questions.

1 What parts of your progress and learning of this period are you happy with?

2 What parts of your progress and learning of this period are you not happy with?

3 Why? How can you improve? Give concrete actions.

Based on all of this information, what grade would you give yourself this
period?
/10
My grade

32 Platform One
 OUR SOCIETY
Talk t it
abou

• Where are the people in the picture?

• What are they doing? Why are they doing this?
• How do you think they feel?
• Have you done this before?

PLATFORM TWO
LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS:
Step 1: Describe cause and effect
Step 2: Express hypothetical options
Step 3: Confirm information
Step 4: Emphasizing almost certain information

Platform Two 33
 BRAINSTORM
START UP

What words do you know from these categories?

• Complete the spaces with all the words or terms you know.

Government Money & finance

Democracy Budget-presupuesto
Liars Credit
Monarchy Afford-costear
Politician Organize money
Communist Buy
Legislation Riches
Electoral campaing Sold
Promises Investment
Voting Money exchange
Fraud Inflation
Rules/Laws Cash
Corruption Loan-prestamo
Bank loan-prestamo Sale
bancario Debt-deuda
Media & advertising Transport

Flyers
Logo
Sponsorship-patrocinio

Give
More

• Use the dictionary or internet to help you complete all the spaces in each category.
Compare
+ share
• Compare your answers with your partner. You can add any extra words if necessary.

34 Platform Two
 Social skills: empathy with other people’s opinions

SURVEY: WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF…?

START UP
Warm up

If you could change anything about your life, what would you change?
If you could go anywhere, where would you go? What would you do there?
Talk
about it
• Ask 5 of your classmates these 7 questions below and record the answers.

Classmates
If you could… 1 2 3 4 5

Visit any city for

one day, which
city would you
visit?

Meet any
famous person
alive today,
who would you
meet?

Have any job in

the world, what
job would you
have?

Live anywhere
in the world,
where would
you live?

Meet any
famous person
from history,
who would you
meet?

Use a time
machine, where
and when in
time would you
travel?

Be any famous
person for a day
(alive or dead),
who would you
be?
Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. Which answers are the most
common? Which answers surprise you most?

Platform Two 35
 CRAZY COMMUTES
START UP

Warm up

How do you travel to school/work? Do you know anybody who has a strange
or unusual method of transport to get to and from home and school or work?

• Look at the pictures below. Where do you think they are?

commute- ruta
COMMUTE
The regular journey of some distance to and from your place of work.

5 4

Sisters Radhika and Yashoda, aged 14 and 16, live Are you afraid of heights? What would you prefer:
in a remote village in the Himalayan mountains of a 20-minute bus ride or a 5-minute cable car ride?
India. Their journey to school takes them between The residents of a small town in the mountainous
two and three hours, depending on the weather. region of Chiatura, in the west of Georgia, choose
And then in the evening, they have to do the same to take a cable car across the valley every day to
journey all over again. They walk for most of the and from the town below. The only problem is that
journey, down the mountain, through forests and these old cable cars haven’t been changed at all
over the fast-flowing, dangerous Bhagirathi River. since they were installed by the Soviet Union in
They must stand in a small metal trolley suspended 1954. That’s right: travelling to work suspended
above the river and pull themselves across. It’s across an open valley in a 70-year old iron box.
a heavy and dangerous task, especially when it’s Would you try it?
raining and the rope is wet. After they cross the
river, they wait for a taxi to take them to school.

rope: cuerda

Meet Benjamin David. He has also found an

unconventional way to beat the traffic on the roads
of his city, in Munich, Germany. He doesn’t take to
the roads, he doesn’t use a vehicle and he doesn’t
walk. He definitely doesn’t pollute the environment,
either. So, how does he travel the 2km to work
every day? Benjamin uses the city’s River Isar as his
transportation, which crosses through the city and
brings water directly from the Alps mountains. So,
Benjamin swims down it every morning. He gets
to work faster than walking or even taking his car,
because he avoids all the traffic. He puts his clothes
and laptop in a special waterproof bag, which also
works as a flotation device. Some people laugh
7
at him, but more and more of his friends are also
joining in with him.

36 Platform Two
 START UP
6 2

If you live in a busy city, you know there are rush hour These people don’t just commute between two
times when the traffic is worse than other times. neighboring cities each day. They commute
For example, on Monday morning at 8 o’clock, the between two different countries. That’s right; every
traffic is horrible. But on Sunday morning at that day, more than 90,000 cross the border between
time, and the roads are empty. Well, in the new Tijuana and San Diego. And 70,000 of these are
capital of Myanmar, which the government built vehicles: that’s a lot of traffic. Because of this great
and opened in November 2005, the huge, 20-lane number of vehicles, some people can wait up to 5
streets are always empty! Officially, there are a hours to pass through the customs process at the
million residents in this city, but it’s difficult to find border. There’s even a Facebook page, ‘Cómo Está
them on the peculiarly empty streets. This city has La Línea Tijuana’, to help desperate drivers manage
become an international curiosity for its peculiar the crossing every day.
emptiness and silence. vehicules: "viculs" customs-aduana

1 3

In one of the most crowded cities and in some of

Another person who beats the traffic jams is Curt
the longest traffic jams in the world of more than
von Badinski. He also has a journey of around 6
200 km, some of the most influential inhabitants
hours per day. But his commute covers more than
of Sao Paulo have found another way to beat the
600 km, because he commutes from one city to
traffic. Helicopters. There are now more than 500
another, from Monday thru Friday. Curt lives in
helicopters for private use in the skies above the
Los Angeles, but his company is located in San
city. That’s more than in New York or Tokyo. So
Francisco. So, every day he takes his car for 15
now, there’s also a high demand for the city’s 820
minutes to the airport in Los Angeles at 6.00, flies
helicopter pilots, who can earn $100,000 a year
90 minutes to San Francisco, then drives another
for their services. Together, they make more than
hour in another car to his office in central San
70,000 flights every year. That’s a creative way of
Francisco. He rents a small private jet with another
avoiding the traffic and the city’s 6 million cars… if
8 people, which costs $2,700 per person per month.
you have the money, of course!
Again, this transport isn’t accessible to everyone.
Listen
traffic jams-embotellamiento
8
• Listen to the interviews of these people describing their commute. Which commute are they
describing? Write the number of the interview in the corresponding circle of each text.
Compare
+ share • What do you think of each of these people and situations? Could you do what they do every day?
Which of these commutes is the most interesting? Why? Share your ideas and opinions with your
classmates.

Platform Two 37
 VOCABULARY

GOVERNMENT
Warm up

Are you satisfied with your local or national government? Why (not)?
KEEP GOING

What good and bad things does the government do?

Practice

• Put the letters under the image in the correct order to form words related to
government and politics.

Politics

getbud axt intosceel intorocrup

budget tax-impuesto elections corruption
taxes-impuestos

Public spending areas

insosenp ilipcong thehal iseervcs iclubp startronp

pensions policing-fuerza policiaca health services public transport

intoacedu het star istartunfurerc intomumcy jostercp

education the arts infrastructure community projects

Give
More
In what other areas does the government spend money?

38 Platform Two
 Cuando el "if" esta en la segunda parte, no se pone "coma".
I would save people if I were spiderman
LANGUAGE If I were spiderman, I would save people

2ND CONDITIONAL: UNREAL CONDITIONS

if+subject+past simple, subject+would+verb present simple
Hi Liam. Have you seen the new
bus route in the city center? It’s Yes, I’ve seen it. But I think it’s

KEEP GOING
nice, isn’t it? a waste of money. If I were the
governor, I wouldn’t spend all
that money on a bus service.
So, what would you do if you
were the governor?
Well, I’d design a metro subway
En 2nd conditional system. And I’d invest more in
That’s true. I’d also spend more education.
WERE se usa on education if I were in the
como verbo to be government.
would (iria) (viajaría, comería)
I will (ere) (viajare, comeré)
SHE WERE you'd=you would
HE We use the 2nd conditional to talk about unreal, no se puede poner en nombres TIP!
IT hypothetical situations that are improbable. Leo'd
In questions,
you change
If I lived in Japan, I would speak Japanese. the order of
would and the
The world would be a better place if we didn’t have money. subject: What
If I won the lottery, I wouldn’t work again. would you do
if you were
I wouldn’t give my students homework if I were a teacher. president?
What would you do if you won the lottery?

To make a conditional sentence, we use two parts: the condition and the effect.

We write the condition clause with if + past tense.

We write the effect clause with would + verb.

We can change the order of the sentence: condition + effect or effect + condition.
But each part must be conjugated correctly.

If I were governor, I would fight corruption. / I would fight corruption if I were governor.
Practice

• In these sentences, underline the condition clause and circle the effect clause.
1 I wouldn’t spend a lot of money on politicians’ salaries if I were president.
2 If I were governor of my state, I would improve the public transport system.
3 If doctors had a better salary, we wouldn’t have bad health services.
4 If companies didn’t pollute our rivers and lakes, we would have cleaner drinking water.
Practice

• Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verb (past tense or would + verb)
1 What would you do if you (work) in the government.
worked
2 Sam says that he wouldn’t buy a new house if he won (win) the lottery.
3 If she didn’t arrive to work late every day, Ellie would get (get) a promotion.
4 If you spoke perfect English, you would get (get) a better job.
5 Look at that girl over there! She’s beautiful! If I had (have) her telephone
number, I’d call her immediately.

Platform Two 39
 Reading skills: scanning a text; discovering patterns & language structures

WHAT WOULD YOU DO?

Warm up

Would you like to be governor of your state? Why (not)?

KEEP GOING

If you had the power, what would you change in the politics of your state?
Reading
• Read these 4 people from different parts of the world talk about what they
would do if they were in charge of their country.

Hi, I’m Solomon Yekini, and I’m from Ni-

Hello. My name’s Paco, and I live in
geria. I live in the capital, Abuja. We have
Toluca, near Mexico City. If I were
a lot of problems in our government, es-
president of Mexico, I’d put more
pecially corruption. So, if I were president,
money into policing, because we
I’d establish an anti-corruption committee and I’d
have big crime problems in our country at
put all the corrupt politicians in jail. I’m positive that
the moment. I’d make sure that people felt
if we had an honest government, our country would
safe on the streets of their city.
quickly become a better place for all its citizens.

Hey, I’m Sosa, from Rotterdam, in the Hi, I’m Aiko, and I live in Nagasa-
Netherlands. If I had the opportunity ki, in Japan. We have a lot of old,
to work in our government, I’d increase retired people in our society here
taxes by 10% for all inhabitants. With in Japan, so if I worked in the gov-
this extra money in the national budget, I’d spend ernment, I’d increase the spending on pen-
more on community projects and arts programs sions and medical centers for the elderly. elderly-adultos
for teenagers. mayores

Practice

• Check the box(es) of the person/people each sentence describes, according to the information in the texts above.
He/She… Solomon Sosa Paco Aiko
…would create more taxes.
…wouldn’t focus on younger generations.
…would fight crime.
…would spend more money on health and services.
…would make the country a safer place.
…would help young people.
Listen
9
• Listen to these two friends talk about what they would do if they won 1 million dollars in the
lottery. Check the box(es) of the sentence that corresponds to what each person would do.

Nicholas Samantha
He/She would buy a new house. homebird-hogareño
He/She wouldn’t put the money in the bank.
He/She would help some people.
He/She wouldn’t quit their job.
He/She would travel.
And you?
AND YOU
He/She would buy a new car.

According to their plans if they won a million dollars, who are you more similar to: Nicholas or Samantha?

40 Platform Two
 IF I WERE GOVERNOR…
Warm up
Is it easy to be in charge of a state/country?

KEEP GOING
What are the problems in this type of job?
Talk
about it
• What are the biggest problems in your city/state? With your partner, decide on the
5 biggest, most urgent problems and write them on the list below. You can use the
internet or dictionary to help you with some vocabulary-

THE BIGGEST PROBLEMS IN MY STATE

Write
about it
• Now imagine that you are a candidate for governor of your state. If you were
governor, what would you do? What wouldn’t you do? What things could you
change? How could you fix the 5 problems you mentioned above?
• Write about what you would do if you were governor:

If I were governor of , I would:

Compare
+ share
Now, share your campaign proposal with your classmates.
Who has the most interesting political campaign? Who would you vote for?

Platform Two 41
 VOCABULARY

MONEY MATTERS
Warm up

Do you prefer to spend or save your money? What do you understand by

KEEP GOING

financially intelligent? Do you consider yourself financially intelligent?

Practice

• Put the words from the box in each category under the corresponding image.

FORMS OF PAYMENT electronic transfer  cash  credit/debit card  smartphone nfc payment

SHOPPING sale  spend  a discount  a check/receipt

PERSONAL FINANCES a bank statement  a bank loan  bills  a budget

MONEY VERBS borrow  save  invest  afford

Give
More • What other words related to money do you know that aren’t included here? Write them in the box below.

42 Platform Two
 LANGUAGE

2ND CONDITIONAL: COULD/ MIGHT

Hey Stacey. I’m having a few I’m sorry to hear that! I know
money problems. I have a lot of

KEEP GOING
how you feel. I could lend you
bills to pay, but I don’t have any some money if I didn’t have to
money. pay my school fees tomorrow.

Don’t worry. If I saved my

money, I might afford all the Well, you could pay with your
bills now. But I’m not a good credit card if you had one.
saver! TIP!
That’s a shame. If you had a In questions,
Oops! I don’t have a credit card bank account, you could ask for you change the
or bank account. a loan. order of could/
might and the
object: What
We can also use could or might in unreal conditional sentences, to express could you do
an option or possibility (might) or an ability (could) in the effect. if you won the
lottery?

If I had more money, I could buy that new laptop.

possibility REMEMBER!
/option I might buy a house on the beach if I won the lottery. If + past tense
in the condition
If I didn’t go to school, I couldn’t go to university in the future. clause.
could / might +
I could travel around the world if I were rich. ability verb in effect
clause.

Practice

• Complete the sentences with the words in the box. There are 3 extra options.
might spend / couldn’t study / could go / found / could save / spent / didn’t study / might find

1 If I a bargain in the electronics store, I might buy a new laptop.

2 I don’t have a job at the moment, but if I had a job, I some of my salary to buy
a new cell phone.
3 We couldn’t communicate with people in the USA, Canada or other countries if we
English at school.
4 If Mr Sanchez wins the next election, he more of the government’s budget on
transport and education.
5 Stacey to university if she were a better student, but she never studies.
And you?
AND YOU

• Complete the sentences with your own personal information.

1 If I didn’t study English, I might not
2 If I had more money, I might
3 If I didn’t live in Mexico, I might
4 If I won the lottery, I could
5 If I won the lottery, I might
Compare
6 If I were President of Mexico, I
+Share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. Do you have similar or different ideas in each situation?

Platform Two 43
 Reading skills: making inferences & drawing conclusions; reading for detail

WHAT YOU COULD DO WITH A MILLION DOLLARS

Warm up

What could you do with a million dollars? The possibilities are almost endless.
KEEP GOING

Think of some things you could do with that amount of money… and things you couldn’t do.
Reading
• Read the text about some financial advice and what a million dollars could buy you.
How to invest your money carefully
Imagine you just won a million dollars! Sounds like a How to spend your money wisely
dream situation, right? You could do a lot of things, buy 1. Choose your friends well
a lot of things. But it’s important to be sensible with your If you suddenly found a lot of money, you could prob-
money. Here’s a list of some things that you could buy ably find a lot of ‘new’ friends too. Be careful of false
with that quantity, plus some financial advice from Dr friends who could only want some of your new for-
Stephen McArthur, a top financial adviser. tune.
$1 million could buy you … 2. Get some advice
This financial advice could come from friends, family
$1 million could buy you… or even better, a professional.
one third of a house in Beverly Hills, California 3. Save some
2 4-bedroom apartments in Cancun You never know what tomorrow brings. That’s why it’s
9 3-bedroom houses in Aguascalientes always a good idea to save for a rainy day.
10,000 nights at the Luxor Hotel, Las Vegas 4. Invest some
630 return flights Mexico City-Sydney, Australia If you had a large amount of money, you could use
3.6 million subway trips in Mexico City some to start a small business. This will give you a
4 Ferrari 2017 488GTB models steady income of money for the rest of your life.
2 small 2-seat helicopters 5. Spend some
4,080 tickets to watch Manchester United After all, you should enjoy this new fortune. Just
250 Superbowl tickets make sure you spend on what makes you happy.
Practice

• Use the information in the text to answer these questions.

1 What’s the cheapest item on the list?
2 What’s the most expensive item on the list?
3 Could you buy more properties in Cancun or in Beverly Hills?
4 How much does 1 night at the Luxor Hotel cost?
5 According to Dr. McArthur’s advice, why is it important to be careful of ‘new’ friends?

And you?
AND YOU

Which of these items on the list woud you buy?

Which of the 5 points of advice is the most useful, in your opinion?
Listen
10
• Listen to these 4 interviews of people talking about what they would do if they won a million
dollars. Check the correct box(es) from the information you hear.

Arthur Sheila Ryan Anne

1. Who might invest some of their money?
2. Who might save their money?
3. Who might pay their bank loan?
4. Who might travel?
5. Who might buy property?

44 Platform Two
 IF I WON A MILLION DOLLARS
Warm up

If you had the opportunity would you like to be rich? Why (not)?

KEEP GOING
Talk
about it Would you like to be famous? Why (not)?

• With your partner, talk about these questions:

What are the good points of being rich? And being famous?

What are the bad points of being famous?

Are there any bad points of being rich? What are they?

What could you do if you were rich or famous?

What couldn’t you do if you were famous? Why?

Write
about it

• Now, choose one of the situations below:

If you won a million dollars in the lottery

If you became a famous celebrity

If you were a famous sportsperson

• Imagine all the things you could do in these situations, the things you might do and
also some things you couldn’t do. Write a short text below to describe how your life
would be and what you might do.

If I , I could:

Compare
+ share

• Find a classmate who chose the same situation as you. Read his/her description
and compare your answers. Might you do the same things? What things couldn’t he/
she do? Do you agree?

Platform Two 45
 VOCABULARY

THE DAILY COMMUTE

Warm up
TIP!
How do you travel to school every day? How long is your commute: 15 minutes? 30 A commute is
KEEP GOING

Practice minutes? What time is the rush hour in the morning and evening? From 7 to 9 a.m.? the daily journey
from your house
• Put the words from each category in the correct space in the images. to work/school.
It’s also a verb:
commute to
work every day.
exit lane road sign motorcyclists passenger A commuter is
the person who
Driving commutes.

road sign
passenger
exit lane
motorcyclists
A traffic jam Rush hour Carpooling
embotellamiento hora pico dar "rait"
Road conditions

traffic cone
sidewalk banqueta
diversion/detour desviación
road works
construction equipment
pothole bache
construction road works detour/diversion sidewalk pothole traffic cone
equipment
Riding the bus

bus fare cuota

bus lane
street lights alumbrado
bus driver
passenger

passenger bus driver bus fare bus lane street lights

On my own two feet

bike lane carril de bicicleta

pedestrians peatones
traffic light
cyclist
pedestrian crossing
road markings

traffic light pedestrian pedestrians road markings bike lane cyclist

crossing
Give
More
What other things can you see in each picture?
Which of these pictures is most similar to commuting in your town/city? Why?

46 Platform Two
 LANGUAGE

TAG QUESTIONS: BE/CAN

Hi Liam, I have a question for you.
You’re a student, aren’t you?
Yes, of course. What do you need?

KEEP GOING
Let me guess: you’re in problems as
No, nothing like that. I need some usual, aren’t you?
advice about university. You’re hap-
py at university, aren’t you? Yes, I am. I love it and I fully
recommend it. But why are you
asking me for advice? Your older
Yes, she was. I just wanted more sister was a student, too, wasn’t she?
opinions, that’s all. Thanks for your
help!

We use tag questions at the end of a sentence, when we are almost certain
of the answer, and we want confirmation or emphasis.

In these cases, I’m almost In these cases, I’m almost

certain the answer is yes: certain the answer is no:
You’re a student, aren’t you? Mr. Simpson is not Mexican, is he?
Lucy was crying in history class, wasn’t she? You weren’t at the party last Saturday, were you?
You can swim, can’t you? Simon can’t speak Spanish, can he?

To form a tag question, we use the corresponding auxiliary verb

(in the correct tense) and the corresponding pronoun.
Affirmative sentences: Negative sentences:
Subject: he (Paco) Subject: it
Paco’s Mexican, isn’t he? It’s not difficult, is it?
Auxiliary: is + negative. Auxiliary: is
Subject: it (that) Subject: it (the movie)
That was a mistake, wasn’t it? The movie wasn’t scary, was it?
Auxiliary: was + negative Auxiliary: was
Subject: you Subject: she (Ana)
You can understand this, can’t you? Ana can’t dance, can she?
Auxiliary: can + negative Auxiliary: can

Practice • Choose the correct option from the box to complete these sentences.
Be careful! There is one extra option.
can’t he / wasn’t it / can he / was it / is he / isn’t it / isn’t he / wasn’t he

1 The soccer game last night was exciting, ? BE CAREFUL!!

wasn't it
2 Your boyfriend’s in my literature class, isn't he ? If the sentence
is affirmative,
3 Mark can play the piano, can't he ? the tag
question is
4 Your phone wasn’t made in China, was it ? negative. If the
5 Your teacher can’t understand me, can he ? sentence is
negative, the
6 Pete isn’t your boyfriend, is he ? tag question is
7 This class is so difficult, isn't it ? positive.
Practice
• Invent phrases to complete these tag questions. Be careful to use the correct verb
and pay attention to positive or negative.
1 , isn’t she? 3 , were they?
Compare
2 , can’t he? 4 , is he?
+ Share

• Compare and check your answers with your partner. Is the grammar correct?
Who has the funniest and most creative answers?

Platform Two 47
 Reading skills: finding details and key vocabulary for information

A TRAFFIC LOVE STORY

Warm up
KEEP GOING

Is there a lot of traffic in your town/city? What times and days does the heavy
traffic normally start and finish? What do you do if you are stuck in traffic?
Reading
• Read this story about some good news that came from a surprising place.

The good thing about traffic?

car owners of this huge metropolis who pour onto
the city’s crowded roads every day.
From Monday to Friday, she spends more than
4 hours of her day stuck in traffic. That sounds -traffic jam:
horrible, doesn’t it? But for Fabiana, it’s a way of life. embotellamiento
-gridlock:
As she explains it, you have two options: accept the estancamiento
gridlock, listen to the radio and enjoy the time in por tráfico
your car, or … go crazy! She chooses to listen to the vehicular.
radio and find tips to avoid the busiest streets.

D
-crowded:
o you suffer with traffic problems in your There’s another reason that Fabiana has a special multitud
(adjetivo usado
town or city? Traffic can be a depressing relationship with the traffic in her hometown. Some en gente)
and frustrating experience, can’t it? Well, years ago during a typical traffic jam, she noticed
for Fabiana Crespo in Sao Paulo, Brazil, the traffic another driver, Mauricio. He was also looking at her.
brought her an unexpected gift. The next thing, they exchanged telephone numbers
Like many people in Sao Paulo, the largest city in and went out together, and after a short time … they
Brazil and all of South America with more than 21 got married!
million inhabitants, Fabiana suffers every day in the Now, they have two small children who also
city’s endless traffic jams. She’s one of the 6 million spend hours of their life in the city’s traffic every day.

Practice

• Read the text again and use the information to answer these questions.

1. How many people are there in Sao Paulo? There are more than 21 million inhabitants.

2. How many cars are there in Sao Paulo? There are 6 million car.

3. How many hours a week does Fabiana spend stuck in the traffic? She spends more than 4 hours of her day.

4. Why does Fabiana listen to the radio in her car? Because in the radio she can find tips to avoid the busiest streets.

5. Who is Mauricio? He is Fabiana's husband.

Listen
11
• Listen to these people talking about how they get to and from work every day. With
a line, match the transportation method to each person. Be careful! There is one
extra option you won’t use.

1 Mary 3 carpooling
2 William 1 train
3 Barbara bus
5 car
4 Ken 4 walking
5 Steve 2 cycling

48 Platform Two
 GETTING AROUND IN MY TOWN
Warm up

Does your town/city have a good public transport network?

KEEP GOING
Do you use it? Why (not)?
Talk
about it
• With your partner or in small teams, discuss public transport in your town/city. Use
these questions to help you.
• Use the points you discussed in your team to complete the factsheet about our
town’s public transport.

Is the public transport network

sufficient for all the city’s residents? Public transport in
Is the cost acceptable, in relation
to the service provided?
Most common form
How many routes are available? of public transport:
Are there any areas where more routes are needed?
Describe the conditions
Fare per ride:
of the public transport vehicles. Benefits:
Is the public transport system
in your area environmentally friendly?
Do you feel safe on public transport in your city? Disadvantages:
When is the rush hour in your city?
ve the service:
Recommendations to impro
Are the public transport drivers friendly?
Do they drive safely?
What should the government do to improve
your city’s public transport service?

Write
about it
• Now write about your daily commute to and from work or school.
• Try to include answers from all or most of the questions below in your description.
How do you travel? How many hours per day do you spend commuting?
Do you travel during the rush hour? Why do you take this form of transport?
Do you change your method of travel? What do you do during the commute? (read, etc.)
What time do you leave/arrive? How much does your commute cost you? Per day? Per week?

My daily commute
Every day, I
Every day, I travel in my car, because where I live, there is only one bus and I dón't know
at what time does it pass. Although I spend 15 min. to get to my job and 15 min. to return to
my house, so it isn't far . During the commute I like to listen to my favorite radio station.

Compare
+ share

• Read your classmates’ descriptions of their commutes. Who has the longest or
most difficult commute? Whose commute is more similar to yours?

Platform Two 49
 VOCABULARY

MEDIA & ADVERTISING

Warm up In your daily life, how much advertising do you encounter?
KEEP GOING

Where do you receive most contact with advertising? Which type of advertising creates
the biggest impact on you? Why do you think this is the case?
Practice

• Put the words from the box below under the correct image.

banner product placement logo

brochure TV commercial coupon
poster flyers/leaflet slogan
billboard sponsor classified ads

Give
More Which of these types of advertising is the most effective? Why?
Which of these advertising methods are most common in your daily life?
Try to think of a product or company that uses each of these methods.

50 Platform Two
 LANGUAGE

TAG QUESTIONS: SIMPLE TENSES

Hey, Stacey. You use Of course I do. Why,
the internet, don’t you? you don’t have a

KEEP GOING
problem, do you?
No, but I’m thinking of opening
a website for my company. Yes, I did. The REMEMBER!
You sold some things on the internet’s a great
internet, didn’t you? way to sell your If the sentence
product. is affirmative,
You should do it! the tag
I will. And you’ll visit my new question is
website, won’t you? negative. If the
Of course I will! sentence is
negative, the
We also use tag questions with normal verbs, in all different tenses. Again, you tag question is
use the corresponding auxiliary verb to confirm or emphasize a sentence. positive.

In present tense, we use do/ In past tense, we use did as In future tense, we use will
does as the auxiliary verb: the auxiliary verb: as the auxiliary verb
Mr. White teaches English, You finished the You’ll come to my party
doesn’t he? homework, didn’t you? at the weekend, won’t you?
You use social networks, Frank lost his phone on The final exam will be
don’t you? the bus yesterday, didn’t he? tomorrow, won’t it?
The principal doesn’t teach The teacher didn’t give us You won’t tell Jim
any classes, does he? homework today, did he? my secret, will you?
We don’t have math You didn’t come to school My parents won’t see
class today, do we? yesterday, did you? this post, will they?
Practice

• Complete these sentences with the correct corresponding tag question. Be careful! There are 2 extra options:
won’t we will we did you didn’t he won’t you
doesn’t he don’t you didn’t you do you will you

1 We won’t have a final exam in this class, 5 We’ll have a geography exam next Wednesday,
will we ? won't we ?
2 You spoke to Mr. Lewis about the problems in 6 Mr. Samuels works in the bank, doesn't he ?
our class, didn't you ?
7 You drive, do you ?
3 You don’t study philosophy, do you ?
8 You’ll watch the soccer game at my house
4 Your brother borrowed my jacket, didn't he ? tonight, won't you ?
And you?
AND YOU

• Invent phrases to complete these tag questions. Be careful to use the correct verb, pronoun and pay
attention to positive or negative.
1 , don’t you?
4 , won’t she?
2 , did you?
5 , do they?
Compare
+ share
3 , didn’t he?
• Compare and check your answers with your partner. Is the grammar correct?
Who has the funniest and most creative answers?

Platform Two 51
 Reading skills: finding specific details, similarities & differences

WHICH ADVERTISING METHOD FOR YOUR COMPANY?

Warm up

Reading
How do you think companies decide which method of advertising to use?
KEEP GOING

What elements do they consider when they select a type of advertising?

• Read the text about different types of advertising and their benefits. subtle: sutil
Practice
surrounding: alrededor
• Using the information from the text, check the box that corresponds to each sentence. placement: colocar, locación
billboard: espectacular
Which advertising method for your of your favorite TV show, sponsor- ic location, for example in the area
company? ing a soccer team or something surrounding your store. You could
We’re bombarded by advertising, more subtle like product placement also include a coupon, which is
company logos and campaigns ev- during a movie. even more effective. The cheapest
erywhere nowadays, aren’t we? So, Outdoor and transit option is a classified ad in the lo-
with so many advertising options Billboards, banners or posters in the cal newspaper, where you can give
available, how can you decide which street or at bus stops, for example more detailed information, but you
is the best type of advertising cam- are all great ways to target your don’t reach a lot of people.
paign for your company or product? customer by location. This is a me- Online
Well, here are a few tips to help you. dium-priced option and can create You didn’t forget the internet, did
TV advertising and sponsorship high visual impact in a local area. you? This can be a very cost-effec-
This is generally the most expensive Print media tive method to attract new custom-
format, by a long way. TV has an ex- Normally the cheapest option, this ers. A good, well-designed website
tensive reach, and is normally used takes many formats, all with their or web banner on social media can
by large companies with massive own benefits. A brochure is reason- reach millions of people all across
advertising budgets. It can take the ably expensive and you should only the world, and you can even target
form of a commercial in the middle give it to existing or interested cus- specific audiences, but don’t forget
tomers. Flyers are great for a specif- to make it visually attractive!

Classified Product
Billboard/ placement/
Brochure Website ad Flyers posters TV
1 This is a good option if you only
want advertising in your town.
2 This is good if you have a very
small budget.
3 A famous, international
company normally uses this option.
4 This is specifically for customers
you already have.
5 A cheap option for people who
live very near your store.
6 An inexpensive option for
finding new clients in different
countries.
Listen
12
• Listen to these four business owners talking about their hopes and needs for an advertising campaign.
• Select the best option from the box for each person. Be careful! There’s one extra option you won’t need.
sponsorship / flyer / billboards / brochure / web banner

1 Mr Parks 2 Jenna Roberts 3 Miss Samuels 4 Nick Moore

Give
More
• From what you have learned on this page, talk about what makes an effective advertising campaign.

52 Platform Two
 ADVERTISING IN MY SOCIETY
And you?
AND YOU

• Of the 4 different types of advertising methods on the previous page, think about an
example of each type in your town or daily life.

KEEP GOING
Write
about it
• For each example you choose, complete the table below with details of the exact
advertising campaign you chose in each case, in your local area.

Why did
company
Product Describe Is it
Advertising method name chose this
advert effective? How/Why?
specific
method?

TV, sponsorship
& product placement

Outdoor + transit - billboards,

banners, posters, bus stops, etc.

Print media – flyers, brochures,

coupons, classified ads, etc.

Online – website, web banners

Compare
+ share
• Compare your table to your classmates. Did you choose the same products for each
advertising method? If so, check their answers for that product and add any extra
information to your answers if you don’t have it.
• If the products they chose are different, do you agree with their choice? Why (not)?
Talk
about it
• With your partner, discuss the answers to these questions about advertising. If you
are reasonably sure about their answer or want to confirm something, try to add a
tag question at the end of your sentence.

What are the negative Do you think there is too

aspects of advertising? much advertising in
the modern world? Why?
Should there be
advertisement-free zones? Who is most advertising
aimed at? Why is this?
Should the government ban
any types of advertising? For What is the most memorable
example, for tobacco, alcohol or ad you have seen?
advertising aimed at children?
What is the most advertised
Do you agree with political product or type of product
or government advertising? Why in your country?
(not)? Why do you think this is?

Platform Two 53
 COMPETITION

MY SOCIETY BOARD GAME

Talk
about it
• With a small piece of paper, draw or design your playing piece for the game.
• In teams, using a dice (or a dice app on your cell phone), play the game answering the questions.
KEEP GOING

Make sure your questions have full answers, paying attention to the correct vocabulary and verb
tenses.

If you could
What is the most invest in 1
dangerous form of infrastructure
transport in your project in your
If you opinion? Why? In your
could fly, state, what
opinion, what would you
where would is the most build?
Start you fly to?
Do you prefer
to save or
effective
advertising
CARPOOLING.
The environment
Name 5 spend money? method? thanks you! Move
advertising Explain on 4 spaces.
campaigns
around your
How do you town today. Do you think
RUSH HOUR! the government
think we will What is your You’re stuck in a
use money in favorite TV should build
traffic jam. more parking
50 years’ time? commercial at Miss a turn.
Is a bank loan a the moment? lots in your
good or a bad Explain city? Why (not)?
thing? How?
Take a loan. You
invest the extra What is your Is corruption a
money well. Take favorite form of problem in your
another turn. payment? Why country/state?
and how often do Give examples
What do you you use it?
think of the
public transport
network in your
wh eig ect mun n 1 d

Per kilometer
t i ul

town? traveled, what is the

pr comves co

do ould ood ur
at hbo for ity
w rh yo
? y ,

most expressive form

in you

ou

of transport?
If

How could the

government
n oj

improve Is there
health too much Do you think
services in How could advertising we pay too
your state? you fix around many taxes in
the traffic today? Mexico? Why?
problems in Explain
your town/ OOPS!
city? You lost your
credit card. Miss
a turn while
you wait for a
What’s the most replacement.
unusual form
Finish CAR PROBLEMS.
of transport
you have ever
You have to walk used?
to work. Go back 3
spaces.

Compare
+ share

• Which of your classmates’ answers surprised you the most? Do you agree with
them? If not, explain your idea, and explain your different opinions.

54 Platform Two
 SAY IT RIGHT: -E
There are many words in English with a silent –e at the end of the word

KEEP GOING
Do you know why? Think of some words with silent –e at the end.
Listen
13 • Look at these pairs of words and listen to the pronunciation to understand how the
–e at the end of a word changes its pronunciation.
Practice • Now, practice
hat hate Tim time
pronouncing
cap cape hop hope the pairs of
pet Pete rod rode words. Ask
let delete dud dude your classmate
bit bite rud rude to check your
Practice pronunciation.
• In your own words, describe why the –e exists at the end of the word
and how it changes the sound.

Give
More
• What other words do you know with –e? Separate them, according to the previous
vowel. Use the pictures to help you.

a…e e…e i…e o…e u…e

Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. Add any extra words
you find. Check the pronunciation: be careful with exceptions!

FIND THE SOUND!

Practice

• Look carefully at the spelling of the words below and think about their
pronunciation. Practice pronouncing the different pairs of words.
Listen
14
• Listen carefully and circle the words you hear.

1 tap tape 5 mill mile

2 fin fine 6 cut cute
3 poll pole 7 pet Pete
4 scar scare 8 pop Pope

Platform Two 55
 WONDERFUL WORDS: -ION
Warm up

What words do you know in English that end in –tion? What type of word are they?
We add –ation/ -ion/ -sion to the end of a verb to describe the concept or group related to the verb.

organize -ation/ organization

communicate -ion/ communication
decide -sion decision
WRAP UP

Practice

• Complete the spaces in the table with the necessary information. Be careful! Sometimes, small
spelling changes are made.
• Use your dictionary or the internet to investigate the meaning of any new vocabulary.
Practice

Verb ation/ion Concept • Use the most appropriate –ation/-ion/-

inform + ation = Information sion word from the table to complete the
sentences.
educate + =
+ = action
1 The company’s of cars in its
situate + = factory is 800 units per month.
produce + =
+ = population 2 This exam is extremely difficult, so all students need
Practice + = operation a lot of focus and to understand it.
elect + =
associate + = 3 Norman has a of more than 2,000
divide + = model cars. He loves them!
+ = direction
concentrate + = 4 Please don’t forget to put a personal
compete + = at the end of your assignment. This is where you finish the
+ = opposition argument with your opinion and interpretation.
+ = collection
relate + = 5 Malala is an international symbol of everybody’s right
to ! She believes all children, boys and
+ = expression
girls, should be in school and learning.
+ = protection
exhibit + =
6 Sally’s in class are always useful
+ = distribution
and intelligent. She understands the topic and likes to give
+ = conclusion her opinion and participate.
administer + =
+ = contribution 7 If you’re not sure about the meaning of a word, you can
define + = look for its in the dictionary.
Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. If you have differences, compare them. Could two
answers be possible? Which word is more appropriate in each case? Make a decision together.
Give
More
• What other words ending in –ion do you know? Share your answers with your classmates.
• Can you give some more of the words from the table in a sentence to demonstrate their meaning?

56 Platform Two
Plat f o r m T w o
As s e s s m e n t
tools
Contents:
Project with checklist & rubric
Language review
Vocabulary review
Peer assessment
Self assessment
 Social skills: developing creativity to design a campaign and compare ideas with others

PROJECT

MY ADVERTISING CAMPAIGN
Warm up Think of some of the most effective advertising campaigns or advertisements
you can remember. Why were they so effective?
Brainstorm

• Invent a fun, imaginative product and design a creative advertising campaign to sell it!!

Step 1 Invent a product

Step 2 Name your product

Step 3 Describe the product

Step 4 Give the product a

creative, catchy slogan

& Step 5 Design the advert and

describe the product’s
benefits and functions

Step 6 Illustrate it: make it

attractive

Nature Health
for health & for nature
Compare
+ share

• Compare your product

and advertisement to your
classmates.
Who has the funniest and most
imaginative advertisement?

58 Platform Two
 CHECKLIST
• Make sure your project includes all the points on the checklist.
 Min. 1 question to the consumer, using a conditional with would?
 Min. 1 tag question
 A slogan
 The name of your product
 An image/drawing of your product
 The use of your product
 Min. 1 sentence in passive voice
 Min. 2 comparative adjectives
 Min. 1 superlative adjective
 Min. 4 vocabulary items from this platform

RUBRIC
• Pay attention to the aspects in this rubric to see how your teacher will grade your project:

excellent good unsatisfactory

2 points 1.5 points 1 point
creative
creativity and imaginations
advertising whole campaign, product most of the campaign,
missing in most of the
campaign, and slogan show creativity product and slogan show
campaign, product and
product and and imagination creativity and imagination
slogan
slogan

a clear, organized mostly well-organized

incoherent structure;
structure, structure in whole structure and use of
elements in wrong place or
order & assignment; information information; does not
missing; difficult to follow
coherence is easy to follow and well cause confusion for the
the information
illustrated reader

student demonstrates student demonstrates

correct use of target good use of target mistakes in target
language language structures; language structures; a few language; cause confusion
no mistakes in target (minor) mistakes in target for the reader
language language

student uses target very limited or incorrect

student uses a wide variety
vocabulary sufficiently; use of target vocabulary;
of target vocabulary and
vocabulary more varied use of no new terms used;
demonstrates investigation
vocabulary and/or new incorrect use of key
of new terms
terms needed vocabulary

spelling, almost no spelling or some mistakes in spelling many mistakes in spelling

punctuation & punctuation mistakes; and/or punctuation; good and/or punctuation; poor
presentation excellent presentation x presentation presentation

Total /10

Platform Two 59
 LANGUAGE REVIEW
• Circle the correct option to complete these tag questions. Pay special attention
to the verb conjugation and the subject used.
1. Chris can speak to the teacher,...
(a) can he?  (b) can’t he?  (c) he can?  (d) he can’t?
2. Sheila’s your girlfriend now,...
(a) is she?  (b) isn’t she?  (c) she’s not?  (d) she is?
3. Your brother doesn’t play volleyball,...
WRAP UP

(a) does he?  (b) doesn’t he?  (c) isn’t he?  (d) is he?

4. Samuel will buy the book for literature class,...
(a) does he?  (b) he won’t?  (c) won’t he?  (d) will he?
5. Matt’s not angry,...
(a) does he?  (b) doesn’t he?  (c) is he?  (d) isn’t he?
6. The class started at 9:15,...
(a) he started?  (b) doesn’t it?  (c) it didn’t?  (d) didn’t it?
7. Your baby nephew can’t swim,...
(a) does he?  (b) doesn’t he?  (c) can he?  (d) he can’t?
8. Ms Hanks won’t give us an exam tomorrow,...
(a) won’t she?  (b) she does?  (c) will she?  (d) does she?
9. You didn’t tell Neil our secret,...
(a) did he?  (b) did you?  (c) he didn’t?  (d) didn’t he?
10. The exam finishes at 10:30,...
(a) does it?  (b) doesn’t it?  (c) do you?  (d) don’t it?
11. Joe didn’t buy that horrible shirt,...
(a) did he?  (b) did you?  (c) he didn’t?  (d) didn’t he?
/10
• Circle the correct option to complete these conditional sentences.

1. If I were in your position, I... worried. 8. What ... you buy if you won the lottery?
(a) would feel (b) felt (c) feel (d) no (a) did (b) do (c) would (d) are

2. We wouldn’t have a lot of crime problems if we ... 9. If I saw Cristiano Ronaldo in the street, I ... him for
more police officers. an autograph.
(a) have (b) had (c) don’t have (d) would have (a) asked (b) ask (c) asks (d) would ask

3. I... to school if I had a car. 10. If Joe were taller, he... a professional basketball
(a) could drive (b) drove (c) drive (d) couldn’t player.
drove. (a) was (b) is (c) were (d) could be

4. If I were the teacher, I ... the students homework. 11. Would you build more schools if you... president?
(a) gave (b) give (c) would go (d) wouldn’t give (a) was (b) were (c) could be (d) would be

5. I would call the police if I... an alien.

/10
(a) see (b) would saw (c) would see (d) saw

6. What would you do if you ... governor of your state?

(a) was (b) were (c) would are (d) would be
7. If I ... near my school, I could walk every day.
(a) would live (b) don’t live (c) lived (d) live

60 Platform Two
 • Write the correct tag question and the corresponding subject to complete each
sentence. Be careful with the tense and conjugation of the verb.
1. You know the answer to this question, don’t you ?
2. Your mom doesn’t like that new TV commercial, does she ?
3. Will and Sasha aren’t boyfriend and girlfriend, are they ?
4. Anne bought her phone online, ?

WRAP UP
5. We can go to the movies tomorrow, ?
6. You don’t think he’s funny, ?
7. Your boyfriend will take you to the party, ?
8. Those girls aren’t your friends, ?
9. John’s on the soccer team, ?
10. Vicky didn’t go the party last night, ?
11. Bob can’t speak Chinese, ?
/10

• Put the words in the correct order to form sentences and questions.

1. if / you / you / ? / be happy / were famous / would 7. studied / be / could / an / she / Louise / if / excellent
student
Would you be happy if you were famous?
2. I / I / more money / if / travel / had / would
8. eat / he / didn’t / if / Brian / would / junk food /
be healthier
3. if / I / him / could / my cell phone / had battery / call

9. fly / were / ? / a bird / where / if / you / you / would

4. wouldn’t / saw her / if / I / speak / I / to her

10. would / a house / the lottery / Colin / he / buy / if /

5. if / I / would / I / be / an engineer / math / liked not / won

6. every day / at the beach / Sandra / she / if / swim / 11. Canada / ? / if / you / you / in / what / do / lived /
lived / would would

/10

My progress Total /40

38-45 Excellent! You’ve learnt everything. You’re ready for platform two!

24-37 Good progress. Study the parts you’re unsure about before you continue.

16-23 Study more. Go back and review the points you didn’t understand.

 0-15 Oops! You need to repeat this unit before you continue.

Platform Two 61
 VOCABULARY REVIEW
• Unscramble the letters to correctly write the words of the vocabulary from this unit.
You can check the pages from this unit to help you.

Government & Politics

het star triecclone festnarr
pintorrocu shac
ebdtug kban teamsnett
WRAP UP

intoacude betgud
snopisen veas
astartufrerunc ontucsid
uclipb norstpart vinest
axt
Commuting
clipoing
thalhe crisvees driving
intommycu jestcrop shur rohu
steelnoci frafict amj
stylormticco
ardo gins
Media & Advertising itex neal
curtopd teenlcamp greenpass
narneb ongoliparc
langos road conditions
fleetal drokarows
VT larmocimce craftfi enco
ornsspo tudero
gool stronticconu
sedifalcsi sad queentimp
rebuchor svordiine
repots dawlskei
relfy loophet
nocopu riding the bus
blod ubs verdir
braillobd apy het reaf
ttrees thilgs
Money Matters bus reaf
usb neal
kanb nalo
seengrasp
dricte drac
on my own two
ekcch
feet
ororwb
darstienpe gors-
leas
incs
silbl
kebi ealn
bited darc
tlyccsi
thepramson meytanp
darspintee
tirepec
cirtaff glith
daroff
droa krigmans
depns

62 Platform Two
 PEER ASSESSMENT
• Together with your partner, check your grades from the language review, vocabulary review and
evaluation diagnosis to check the most appropriate box about your progress.

I need more almost a piece

practice perfect of cake!

Describe cause and effect

Step 1: Language: 2nd conditional (would)
Vocabulary: Government
Express hypothetical options
Step 2: Language: 2nd conditional (could/might)
Vocabulary: Money matters
Confirm information
Step 3: Language: Tag questions: be/can
Vocabulary: Daily commute
Emphasizing almost certain information
Step 4: Language: Tag questions: simple tenses
Vocabulary: Media & advertising

WHAT’S NEXT?
• After analyzing your partner’s language and vocabulary reviews and based on the
grades you gave your partner above, answer these questions to help your partner.

1 What are your partner’s strong points in the topics you learned this period?

2 What are your partner’s weak points in the topics you learned this period?

3 What should your partner do to improve his/her language score?

Platform Two 63
 SELF-ASSESSMENT
• Look at the grades and comments your partner gave you in the peer
assessment and your grades from the project, language review and
vocabulary review to answer these questions.

1 What parts of your progress and learning of this period are you happy with?

2 What parts of your progress and learning of this period are you not happy with?

3 Why? How can you improve? Give concrete actions.

Based on all of this information, what grade would you give yourself this
period?
/10
My grade

64 Platform Two
 OUR HISTORY AND CULTURE
Talk t it
abou

• Can you name all the elements in this picture?

• What does this celebrate or represent?
• Where and when can you find this?
• Have you prepared something similar? Explain.

PLATFORM THREE
LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS:
Step 1: Investigate cultural contributions in your community and country
Step 2: Organize information in the past sequentially
Step 3: Exchange information about events that have affected society
today locally and internationally
Step 4: Relate historic experiences in your locality, country and the world

Platform Three 65
 Social skills: discovering diversity & intercultural situations to appreciate my national history

FROM MEXICO… TO THE WORLD!

START UP

Warm up

What aspects of Mexican culture, history and traditions do people from other countries
recognize? What are the most famous aspects of Mexico outside of Mexico?
Talk
about it
• Look at the pictures of these pages. Do you recognize these things? Do you know where they
come from?
Listen
• With your partner, describe everything you know about each item.
15
• Listen to the university class talking about Mexican contributions to the world. Use the
information you hear to complete the description about each topic.

CHOCOLATE VANILLA
Used by Olmecs, and Aztecs First cultivated by
Normally prepared in the form of a Indians in East Mexico (Veracruz).
.
Also used as a tribute payment to
First European to discover chocolate: , .
During a dinner meeting with
introduced vanilla to Europe.
Cacao seeds were used as a form of
in Aztec empire. French entrepreneurs transported vanilla fruits
Modern chocolate companies founded to Indian Ocean in .
in the century. Now popular ingredient in .

COLOR TV POPCORN
Invented by: , at the Used in Mexico for
age of . years.
Built first color TV in . Heated the corn kernels on pots on a
Obtained patent in . .

First transmission in . Large popcorn making machines invented by

Charles Cretos in the city of in
This system was used by in 1885.
space missions.

CHEWING GUM CAESAR SALAD

Aztecs used it to things Invented by an
together. immigrant chef at this restaurant in
Chicle was taken to New York by .
. Invented on 4th July,
There, inventor created Chiclets Because Cardhi had ingredients
company in . in the kitchen after busy day.

66 Platform Three
 START UP
TEQUILA
POINSETTIAS
Olmecs first drank
English name taken from Joel Poinsett, and used fibers from the maguey
the first in Mexico. plant to make rope, clothes and
Poinsett also took the plant to .
. Aztecs introduced pulque to the Spanish.
Aztecs used it as a medicine to help against Spanish used to drink from
. Spain, but changed to pulque when they had
Popular in North America as a decoration no more.
during time. Modern tequila is made in state of .

Practice

• Read the texts again and check the corresponding box(es) for each item.

Poinsettias
Chocolate

Chewing
Color TV

Popcorn

Tequila
Vanilla

Caesar
salad
gum
1. This comes from a plant native to Mexico

2. This was used by Aztecs

3. Native Indian groups used this as money

4. Spanish conquerors adapted this

5. This product was taken to other countries by the Spanish

6. The modern version was made famous by an American

7. This is only used at certain times of the year

8. An American made this popular in his country and other countries

9. It is the newest invention of all 8 items

Compare
+ share
• Compare your answers with your partner. Remember, you can check more
than 1 box per question if necessary. Make any changes if necessary.
Give
More
• Look at these pictures. They also show products from Mexico that have become famous across
the world. Investigate the history of one of the items and share it with the group.

Platform Three 67
 BRAINSTORM
START UP

What words do you know from these categories?

Complete the spaces with all the words or terms you know.

Types of art Celebrations National holidays

Landmarks & monuments History

Give
More

• Use the dictionary or internet to help you complete all the spaces in each category.
Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your partner. You can add any extra words if necessary.

68 Platform Three
 START UP
SURVEY: WHAT DO I KNOW ABOUT MY COUNTRY’S HISTORY?
Warm up

Do you like history? Why (not)?

Why is it important to learn about your country’s history?
And you?
AND YOU

• How much do you know about the history of your country? Answer these questions
without using the internet to help you!

1 There are 7 new wonders of the world. 1 of these is in Mexico.

What state is it in?

2 What is the name of the lake under Mexico City and where the
ancient city of Tenochtitlan was founded?

3 One famous element of native Indian art were giant head

statues made of stone. What is the name of the Indian
civilization that made these giant heads?

4 Named after a famous national historical figure, what is the

most common street name in Mexico?

5 What is the name of the famous Mexican music born in Jalisco

that uses more than 10 musicians and singers, traditional dress
and instruments such as violin, trumpet, guitar and others.

6 In what year did Hernán Cortés defeat Cuauhtemoc and take

official control of Tenochtitlan?

7 Hernán Cortés discovered this delicious, famous food as a drink

when he met Moctezuma. He took it back to the Spanish King Chocolate
where the nobility drank it as a luxury for the next 100 years
before the rest of the world discovered it. What is the food?

8 In what state of Mexico can you find the ancient ruins of

Teotihuacan? State of Mexico

9 Name 5 of the states in USA that were lost by Mexico when Texas, California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico,
President Santa Anna sold them to the USA in the Treaty of Arizona and Colorado.
Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848.

10
The word Mexico comes from which native Indian language, to
describe the people from the Mexica-Tenochtitlan area?

And you?
AND YOU

• How many answers did you get correct? Are you proud or disappointed with your
result? What new things did you learn about your country and your history?

Compare
+ share Who knows the most about your history in your group? Who knows the least?
Are there any questions or answers you don’t agree with? Why?
What other questions would you include to check general knowledge of Mexico’s history?

Platform Three 69
 VOCABULARY

ARTISTIC EXPRESSIONS
Warm up

Do you appreciate art? What types of art do you prefer? Why? Is art an important
KEEP GOING

element of society and identity? Why? How is art linked to society and identity?
Practice

• Put the words from the box under the image they represent.

a sculpture/statue photography
handicrafts fashion
graffiti theater/acting
music a painting
ballet literature
lyrics architecture

runway

ballet architecture graffiti fashion

script:
guion

music photography handiscrafts theater/acting

artesanías

literature lyrics
a painting a sculpture/statue

And you?
AND YOU

What other types of art and artistic elements do you know?

What forms of art do you like?

70 Platform Three
 LANGUAGE

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS
Of course! It depends on what you
Luke, I’m bored. Could you want to do. There’s something for
recommend me something to do? everyone in this town.

KEEP GOING
I would like to see something Well, you could go to the market.
artistic. Is there anywhere that Everyone loves it there. There are
displays traditional art? so many beautiful paintings and
handicrafts! I’m sure you’ll find
something interesting there.
That sounds good. I’ll go after class.
But I don’t have anyone to go with.
Do you want to go with me? Of course! I’ll see you at 2:30

We can join the words some-, any-, no-, every-, with –body/-one, -where, -thing to form indefinite pronouns.
-Everybody loves chocolate!
The endings –body/-one refer to people: -Somebody help me, plese!
-There’s pollution everywhere in this city.
The ending –where refers to a place -I have nowhere to park my car.
-I need something from the supermarket.
The ending –thing refers to objects/things/concepts -Everything I have is in my bedroom.
We use no- to express negatives:
-Nobody is in the classroom. It’s totally empty. (no people)
-I have nothing in my bank account. (no things)

We use every- to express all elements:

-Everywhere I go, I see graffiti in this city (all places) REMEMBER!
-Everyone in the classroom is talking. (all people) We use any to
avoid double
We use some- to express an unspecified amount: negatives:
-Someone called me last night, I don’t know who (some, unspecified person) I don’t have
-There’s something wrong with my computer (some, unspecified concept) nothing
anything
We use any with a negative or to refer to whichever element.
-I don’t know anything in this class. (no thing, after negative)
-Is there anyone at home? (any person, whichever person).
Practice
• Complete these sentences with the correct ending to form the corresponding indefinite pronouns.
1 I want a good place to go for dinner with my girlfriend tonight. Can you recommend me some ?
2 Every who visits New York goes to see the Statue of Liberty.
3 The lyrics of the song mention some about peace.
4 Any with a camera can practice photography.
Practice 5 I don’t know any who likes classical music. Every who I know prefers more
modern music.
• Complete the sentences with the most appropriate indefinite pronouns. In some cases, two answers may be possible.
1 Norma is a bad influence. She has problems with 3 Jim is an amazing friend. If I need
in school and she does , he will always help me.
causes problems.
4 I love this city! I go, I see
2 I’m so sorry, but there’s another amazing sight. Plus, the people are so friendly.
I can do to help you. I’m so bad at history, I spoke to helped me and recommended
I don’t know about it. to go or to see.
Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers to your classmates. Do you have different answers?

Which answer makes more sense? Make any corrections if necessary.

Platform Three 71
 Reading skills: discovering patterns in language structures

JOKES IN ENGLISH
Warm up

Do you know any common phrases or sayings with indefinite pronouns in

KEEP GOING

English?
Reading
• Read these jokes in English and try to complete the spaces with an appropriate
pronoun. Think about the meaning of both parts of the joke and what makes it
funny.

1 If an apple a day keeps the doctor away, what does garlic do?
It keeps every away!

2 What time is it when you find a scorpion sleeping in your bed?

It’s time to sleep some else!

3 What did one eye say to the other eye?

“Between you and me, some smells!”

4 Why does a surgeon wear a mask?

So if any goes wrong, no can identify him.

5 What do you call a gorilla who can’t hear?

Any you like —he can’t hear you, remember!

6 Why don’t skeletons go to parties?

Because they have no to go with!

7 What do you call a man who was born in Paris, went to school in Mexico
City, worked in London and died some else?
Give
More
Dead!

• With your partner, explain why these jokes are funny or what makes them funny.
Listen
16 • Listen to the people describe a landmark in their city. Draw a line to link the
landmark to each person. Be careful! There are two extra options you won’t use!

park
1 Mason statue
2 Harper fountain
3 Amelia skyscraper
4 Ethan pyramid
5 Elijah museum
6 Scarlett bridge
clock

Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your partner. Do you have the same answers?
What words or phrases helped you make your decision?

72 Platform Three
 LANDMARKS IN MY TOWN
Talk
about it
• With your partner, talk about these points about places, things or events in your town/city

KEEP GOING
A place where A place no one
everybody goes goes on Sunday

Something everyone Somewhere everybody

does at the weekend recognizes

A food that everyone loves An area nobody goes at night

Compare
+ share
• Share your answers with your classmates. Do you have the same answers? Who knows more
about your town/city?

Write
about it • Now, choose a famous landmark in your town or state that everyone recognizes.
Describe it. Talk about what it is made of, when it was made and what people do there.
• Try to include a minimum of 2 indefinite pronouns in your description.

A LANDMARK IN MY TOWN/STATE

is a famous landmark that everyone recognizes.

Compare
+ share

• Compare your writing with your classmates. Did you choose the same landmark?
Read the descriptions of the same landmarks. Add any extra information you find useful.
• Also read the descriptions of other landmarks. Which landmark is the most recognizable in your area?

Platform Three 73
 VOCABULARY

CELEBRATIONS
Warm up

Do you like to celebrate with family and friends? What are your favorite
KEEP GOING

Practice
celebrations? Why? What do you do? How do you celebrate?

• Put these words under the images they represent

a traditional dance street parade a military parade

a fireworks display a float have a meal
go to mass/church put up decorations make a toast
exchange gifts wear costumes have a barbecue

Give
More
In what other ways do you celebrate? Do you do different things, depending
on the different occasions? Add the extra words related to celebrations here:

74 Platform Three
 LANGUAGE

PAST PERFECT
Hi Jessica. I didn’t see you in classes Well, I didn’t come to school. I was
yesterday. What happened? really sick and I hadn’t done the

KEEP GOING
math homework!

I arrived late to classes yesterday.

When I arrived at the classroom, That’s not like you.
it was 7:40 and the 7:30 class had What happened?
started already.

A similar thing happened to me last

Well, I realized that my alarm didn’t week. I had put my phone on silent
ring because I had set the time for mode the night before, so the alarm
6:00 p.m., not 6:00 a.m.! didn’t ring!

We use the past perfect to refer to an action that occurred before another action in the past.
When Hernán Cortés arrived in Mexico in 1519, most of the Mayan civilization had died.
Past 1519 Now Future
The Mayan Cortés arrived
civilization died in Mexico TIP!
To form the past perfect, we use had + past participle. We often add
already in
Had you eaten something before we went to breakfast this morning? past perfect to
Tim hadn’t seen a lion before he visited the zoo. emphasize the
past.
I had studied a little before the teacher gave us the surprise test.

We arrived at 5:15. The movie started at 5:05. When we arrived, the movie had already started.
There are 2 actions in the past. We use past perfect for the action further in the past (happened 1st)
5:05 5:15 Past Future
The movie started We arrived Now
Practice When we arrived, the movie had started.
(5:15) (5:05)

• Put each action (A or B) on the timeline to show which action occurred before the other.
1 Melanie moved to Beijing lat year. Fortunately, she had taken an
intensive Chinese course before she left. Point further Point Present
in the past in the past
2 Susie and I watched a complicated movie last night. I didn’t
understand it, but Susie understood it because she had read the book. Point further Point Present
in the past in the past
3 I took my little nephew to the zoo last month. He really enjoyed it.
He had never seen an elephant before he went to the zoo with me. Point further Point Present
in the past in the past
Practice

• Read this text carefully, paying attention to which action happened before the other. Put the verb
in the corresponding tense (past simple/past perfect).
Last year, my friends Sasha and Aiden and I went to Brazil.
Aiden organized everything because he had visited (visit) two years previously.
Sasha had taken (take) some Portuguese classes before the trip, so she
spoke (speak) to all the local people during the trip.
We all really enjoyed (enjoy) the trip and it was more interesting than we had expected
Compare
+ share (expect).
• Compare your answers with your partner. Did you put the verbs in the same tenses?
Did you conjugate the verb correctly? Make any changes if necessary.

Platform Three 75
 Social skills: learning about traditions in my country

DAY OF THE DEAD

Warm up

• Do you celebrate the Day of the Dead? How do you celebrate it? Why is this an important Mexican tradition?
Reading
• Read the text to learn about the history behind this celebration and the meaning of some of its main elements.
KEEP GOING

T hanks to its vibrant colors, unique costumes and

decorations, the Mexican celebration of the Day of
the Dead is recognized around the world. Do you know
The Symbols of the altar
Many of the symbols used in building the altar also
come from prehispanic roots. For example, the emblem-
where the celebration comes from? Keep reading to
atic Catrina comes from the goddess Mictecacíhuatl,
learn some more.
who had been known as the ‘Lady of Death’. The tradi-
Origins of the ritual
tional marigold flower or Cempasúchitl had also been
The tradition of honoring deceased ancestors and fam-
used in many other native Indian festivals before the
ily members had existed for many years in Mesoameri-
Spanish adopted it. The flower symbolizes the shining
can culture before the Spanish conquerors arrived. May-
of the sun, the origin of everything, and serves to guide
ans, Purepecha and Totonac Indians had celebrated
the dead souls back to their home.
similar rituals before, but it was the Mexica people who
Apart from the common symbols found in each altar,
inspired the Spanish to create the celebration we know
there are also ones which are unique to each person be-
today. The Mexica people had previously honoured their
ing remembered. For example, the
ancestors during the ninth month of the Mexica solar
foods, beverages and other articles
calendar, which normally occurred at the beginning of
represent those items that the de-
August. When the Spanish conquerors arrived and took
ceased had liked during his or her life.
over control of the Mexicas, they also wanted to honor
All of these symbols and vivid histo-
their dead, which they did on All Saints’ Day, on Novem-
ry help to make this one of the live-
ber 2. So, they combined the two festivals and the Day
liest and most vibrant of Mexico’s
of the Dead was born. This also served to convert the
Practice
many celebrations.
Indians to Catholicism.

• Answer these questions with full sentences and information from the text.
1. Who had honored their dead in rituals before the Spanish?
2. According to the text, for what 2 reasons did the Spanish conquerors start the Day of the Dead celebration?

3. What is the origin of the Catrina?

4. What 2 things does the marigold flower represent in the altar?
5. Why are food and drinks placed on the altar?
Listen
17
• Listen to this teacher describing his school’s altar for Day of the Dead.
• Complete the factsheet with the information you hear.

DAY OF THE DEAD ALTAR

Person commemorated:
Personal items used:
Day of the Dead celebration was recognized by UNESCO in
because
Other events in school tonight:
Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your partner. Did you miss any important information?
Add it if necessary.
And you?
AND YOU

Who are you going to honor this year’s Day of the Dead? What items will you put in their altar?

76 Platform Three
 MY NATIONAL TRADITIONS
Warm up

Of all the national holidays in your country, which is your favorite?

KEEP GOING
Why? How do you celebrate it?
Talk
about it
• With your partner, decide on the 5 most important national holidays and celebrations in your country.

OUR MOST IMPORTANT CELEBRATIONS:

1
2
3
4
5

Talk
about it

• Together with your partner, briefly describe what happens at each celebration and why it is celebrated.
Write
about it
• Now, choose one of the national celebrations from your list. Describe how and why it is
celebrated. Separate your writing into two paragraphs: the history (why it is celebrated) and the
celebration (how it is celebrated). Include a minimum of 1 use of past perfect in your description.
Write the name
of the holiday/
celebration
here

In this
paragraph,
describe the
historical Include at
context: when least 1 past
and where it perfect here:
happened. what had(n’t)
happened
before the
event. Use an
In this appropriate
paragraph, time marker.
describe how
we celebrate
this holiday
now.

Compare
+ share

• Show your description to your partner. Did you choose the same celebration? Check
the use of the past perfect and the corresponding time marker. Make any changes
and add any extra details if necessary.

Platform Three 77
 VOCABULARY

LANDMARKS
Warm up

What famous tourist attractions does your town/city have? What other famous landmarks
KEEP GOING

are there in your state/country? What’s your favorite national landmark/monument? Why?
Practice

• Unscramble the letters under each image to describe the type of landmark.

requas wrote utates gridbe

square tower statue bridge
Monument name: Monument name: Monument name: Monument name:
Constitution square Eiffel tower Statue of liberty Golden gate
Location: Location: Location: Location:
Mexico city Paris, France New York, USA San Francisco, USA

antofinu rakp stalce mardipy

fountain park
Monument name: Monument name: Monument name: Monument name:
Bellago fountain Central Park
Location: Location: Location: Location:
Las Vegas, USA New York, USA

sarpyckres sumemu cruhhc / lethacrad kolcc

Monument name: Monument name: Monument name: Monument name:

Location: Location: Location: Location:

And you?
AND YOU

• Do you know the name and location of these famous landmarks? Write them in the spaces under
each image. Then, investigate any other information you don’t know.
Give
More • Think of or investigate another famous landmark of each of the twelve types above and share
them with your partner. Try to give as much information as possible (location, name, etc.) Do you
have the same landmarks as your partner?

78 Platform Three
 LANGUAGE

3RD CONDITIONAL
Hi, Luke. Why didn’t you come to
the street party yesterday? We

KEEP GOING
I didn’t know there was a street
missed you. party. If I had known, I would
have gone.
It was good fun, but it finished
really late. I’m so tired today. Trat’s true. If I had gone to the
party, I’d feel tired today.
And you had a basketball game
today, didn’t you? Yes. And if I’d arrived tired at the
game, the coach wouldn’t have
So, it’s a good thing that you selected me, and now I’d feel
didn’t go to the party, after all! frustrated. TIP!
The third
We use the third conditional to talk about an impossible condition in the past. conditional
With this condition, we change the result in the past or present: is like a time
machine. We
If I had studied for the exam, I would have passed it and now I would feel better. imagine we go
back in time
and change a
If+had+past participle would(n’t)+have+past participle (effect in past) situation in the
condition in past would(n’t)+verb (effect in present) past.

We can change the order of the conditional phrase and the effect:
I would be richer now if I hadn’t spent all my money on that car
(effect in present).
If I hadn’t spent all my money on that car, I would be richer now.
I wouldn’t have crashed the car if I had driven carefully
(effect in past).
If I had driven carefully, I wouln’t have crashed the car.
Practice

• Read the sentences carefully and conjugate the verb correctly.

Pay attention to the time marker (present or past) and the conditional or effect clause.

1 If Jackie hadn’t eaten that bad fish last night, she (feel, negative) sick today.
2 If the residents hadn’t prepared well for the storm, many people (die).
3 If you had studied primary school in the USA, now you (speak) English perfectly.
4 I would have studied more if I (know) the exam was so difficult.
5 If I (ask) my mom for permission to get a tattoo, she would have said ‘no’.
Practice

• For each past condition, give an effect in present and past.

1 If the referee had seen that incident during the game, the team would have…
If the referee had seen that incident during the game, now the team would, …
2 If I had seen the weather forecast this morning, I would have…
If I had seen the weather forecast this morning, now I couldn’t…
3 If the doctor had analyzed the medical data more, the patient wouldn’t have…
If the doctor had analyzed the medical data more, now…

Platform Three 79
 Social skills: learning about and comparing places in my country and around the world

THE NEW 7 WONDERS OF THE WORLD

Warm up

What makes a landmark truly remarkable? Why or how do you think a landmark becomes a wonder
KEEP GOING

of the world? Do you remember all of the new wonders of the world? Where are they located?
Reading
• Read the descriptions of 3 of the 7 new wonders of the world and answer the questions below.
1 Colosseum, Rome, Italy 2 Taj Mahal, Agra, India 3 Chichen Itzá, Yucatán, Mexico
Built from concrete and sand in Most people recognize this huge, The name Chichen Itzá actually refers
72AD and completed 8 years later, majestic structure, but not every- to the ruins of this 9th century Mayan
this amphitheatre had a capacity for body knows exactly what it is. It is city in the Yucatán peninsula of Mexi-
between 50,000 and 80,000 specta- actually a mausoleum, which is a co, although most people only recog-
tors, who came to see the glory of building constructed to protect a nize the tallest stone pyramid of 30
the Roman Empire in a variety of tomb. Construction started in 1632 meters, called El Castillo or the Pyra-
gladiatorial contests, exotic animal and finished eleven years later, by mid of Kukulcán. And what or who is
hunts, executions, acting and even a team of around 20,000 artisans. Kukulcán? It’s the name of the Mayan
recreations of sea battles. So, who is buried inside this mas- feathered god of knowledge and pro-
Even after 2 millenia, the amphithe- terpiece? Well, it holds the tomb of tector of men, or the same god in Az-
atre still stands and it would be in its Mumtaz Mahal, a Persian princess tec culture, called Quetzalcoatl. The
original glory today if it hadn’t suf- and favorite wife of emperor Shah figure of the snake appears to climb
fered destruction from earthquakes Jahan, who was devastated at her down the pyramid at sunset in March
and stone robbers, causing half of death. It’s strange to think that if the and September. If the Mayans hadn’t
the walls to disappear and giving it emperor hadn’t been so madly in known so much about astrology, we
the distinctive shape we know to- love with his wife, the world wouldn’t wouldn’t see this remarkable phenom-
day. have this beautiful building today. enon today.
Practice

• With information from the text, write the number of the wonder that corresponds to
the correct answer.
This wonder is made of stone This wonder was a victim of crime
This is the oldest of the 3 wonders The purpose of this wonder is to remember a dead person
Listen This is the most modern wonder You should visit this wonder at specific times of year
18
• Listen to the descriptions of the other 4 wonders of the world and complete the texts with the
information you hear.

Christ the Redeemer Macchu Picchu

Location: Location:
Material: , meters
Construction date: above sea level
Construction date:
meters tall
Joint construction between sculptors and engineers Discovered again in
from , and

Great Wall of China Petra

Wall length: Location:
km Material:
Materials: , , City established in
and . BC, discov-
Construction from ered in
th century to Famous for: , system
you?
AndYOU
AND
th century and characteristic color

Which of these 7 wonders would you most like to visit? Why?

80 Platform Three
 IF IT HADN’T HAPPENED…
Warm up

Are you happy with the things you have done in your life? Would you like to

KEEP GOING
go back and change anything? How would that affect your life today?
Talk
about it
• Look at these situations and imagine how the person feels: sad, happy or neutral.
Now, imagine an alternative to each situation. Try to imagine an alternative for each
emotion (sad, happy, neutral).

Roy sold his car last week

if he hadn’t sold it, he wouldn’t have the money for his new car now.

if he hadn’t sold it, he wouldn’t go to work by bus every day.

if he hadn’t sold it, he would have it today.

Ewan didn’t pass the exam. James crashed his car.

Sophie had a baby girl last week. Terry moved to New York last month.

Vera lost her lottery ticket. Lucy went to the party.

Write
about it

• Look at these 8 situations about people today or think about your own situation. Think about what
the people did in the past to have this result today.
• Now, imagine that some things changed in the past and changed the reality of the present.
• Select one situation and imagine 4 things that happened differently to change the present
situation. Use the example to help you.

Phil is an international commercial pilot. Sally is studying at Harvard University.

Janice is an Olympic gold medal athlete. Paul has his own successful IT company.
Max has four children and a wife. Lily is in jail.
Eugene lives in a mansion in Beverly Hills. Cardine cannot drive now.

If
If she hadn't practiced daily, she wouldn't be a champion now.
If she had been afraid to compete, she wouldn't Phil is a commercial pilot. If
be able to participate in an Olympics. he hadn’t studied math at high
school, he wouldn’t be a pilot
If she hadn't had the physical condition, she would today. If he had been afraid of
won a silver medal. planes, he wouldn’t be a pilot
If she had been injured, she wouldn't be able to compete. now.

Compare
+ share

• Compare your writing with your classmates. Check your use of past unreal
conditionals and the conjugation of verbs. Did you form the conditional sentences
correctly? Make any changes if necessary.

Platform Three 81
 VOCABULARY

HISTORY
Warm up

What makes a country’s history? What actions or events are important in

KEEP GOING

forming a county’s history?

Practice

• Look at these pictures below. What do you think they represent? Put the words from
the box under the corresponding image.

slavery war agree

a protest/demonstration freedom democracy
a flag attack troops -trups-
explore surrender discrimination

explore attack democracy war

slavery surrender agree a protest/demonstration

a flag discrimination troops freedom

Give
More • How are these words related to history? Talk about these terms and other important
words with your partner. Add extra words that you think are necessary in the box
below.

82 Platform Three
 hubiese
could/should/would have been (possibility in past) If Camila hadn't had an accident,
could/ should/would buy (possitibility present)
LANGUAGE
she could have been in the party.
shoulda = should have
woulda = would have
3RD CONDITIONAL estaría

coulda = could have

Hey Jessica. Did you see
Joanne yesterday? She needed No, I didn’t. If I had seen her,

KEEP GOING
some help with her physics I would have helped her. We
assignment. could have studied together.
What did she do?
She did it by herself, but she
says it was really bad and she Oh no! I’m sure that if I had
failed. helped her she could have done
a better project and she would REMEMBER
have passed.
But also, if she had paid more The third
attention in class, she would conditional
have done a better project. That’s true. is like a time
machine. We
imagine we go
We use third conditional to talk about an impossible condition and effect in the past. back in time
and change a
This morning, we had a surprise test. We didn’t study for the test. If we had studied, situation in the
we would have been prepared and we could have passed. past.

If had past participle would(n’t) have past participle (alternative effect in past)
Impossible condition in past could(n’t) have past participle /alternative possibility in past.

We can change the order of the conditional phrase and the effect.
Mr. Wilkins doesn’t have a good job now because he didn’t work hard at school.
He could have gotten a better job if he had studied more at school.
If he had been a better student, he would have found a better job.
Practice

• Read these sentences carefully and conjugate the verb correctly. Pay attention to the conditional
and effect clauses.
1 Ms. Jones had a car crash yesterday. If she had paid (pay)
more attention to the other drivers, she wouldn’t have crashed.
2 Neill arrived late to the interview. He could have gotten the job if he had arrived
(arrive) on time.
3 The soccer game was cancelled because of a snow storm. If there
hadn’t been a snow storm, they wouldn’t have canceled (cancel, negative) the game.
4 Mike met his wife during a vacation trip to Spain.
If he hadn’t gone on that trip, he wouldn’t have met (meet, negative) his wife.
Practice

• With your partner, suggest ways to complete these conditional sentences. Pay attention to the
conjugation of the verbs.
1 Victor spent all his money on an expensive car. If he hadn’t bought that car… he would have save that money.
2 The soccer players didn’t train a lot before the final game. If they had trained more… they would have won the game.
3 The Mattheson family didn’t reserve a hotel for their vacation. If they had reserved a hotel…
they wouldn’t have to look where to stay.
4 Rose didn’t come to the party. If she had come… we would have had more food.
Compare 5 Last semester, Nancy studied in France. If she had studied in Canada… she would have been nearer of her home.
+ share

• Share your answers with your classmates. Check the verbs are conjugated correctly. Do you have
similar or different effects?

Platform Three 83
 Reading skills: making comparisons & conclusions from implicit information

AN ALTERNATIVE HISTORY OF AMERICA

Warm up

Can you think of any important events in world history? In any case,
KEEP GOING

what would have happened if the events had finished differently?

H ave you ever wondered what would have happened

if Culumbus hadn’t discovered America in 1492?
What would have happened to the Aztecs and Incas?
might have learnt English instead of Spanish!
Dr Greg Cole, anthropologist
If Culumbus hadn’t arrived in America, Chinese explorers
We asked two historians that question. might have arrived from the east after him. But what’s
Dr Hugh Bennet, historian more likely is that another European explorer would
What would have happened if Culumbus hadn’t have arrived in the sixteenth century.
discovered America? Well, to start with, the continent Hernan Cortes conquered and destroyed the Aztec
probably wouldn’t have been called America. That’s empire in an astonishingly short period, and Francisco
because shortly after Culumbus’ voyage, the Italian Pizarro did the same with the Incas in Peru. They were
explorer Amerigo Vespucci proposed the concept that both lucky in many respects: they both played a little
those lands were part of a separate, new continent. dirty and tricked the local rulers who had accepted them
Most probably, if Culumbus hadn’t discovered America, into their empires.
another European sailor would have discovered it Also, the Europeans brought sicknesses with them,
within the next 50 years. However, if the British had which killed large proportions of the native population.
discovered modern Mexico, the colonization process If the natives hadn’t died so quickly because of
might have been very different. They might not have European sicknesses, they could have easily killed the
conquered Tenochtitlan so quickly and they might not smaller European armies and they might have ‘shared’
have imposed their religion on the natives. All Mexicans the continent between Europeans and native Indians.
Practice

• Read the texts again and check the box to show in which text you can find the
information. For some answers, you might check both boxes.
Dr Hugh Bennet Dr Greg Cole
1. The continent would have a different name today
2. The nationality of the conquerors affects the colonization process
3. Different conquerors would have colonized the area differently
4. Sicknesses helped the conquerors to win
5. Other European explorers would have discovered America
6. The conquerors conquered the native Indians very fast
Listen
19
• Listen to these three students asking their opinion of the same question:
what would have happened if Columbus hadn’t discovered America.
• Check the box to identify whose opinion each sentence represents.
You might have to check more than 1 box.

Cathy Lewis Amber

1 Another European explorer would have discovered the continent.
2 Nothing would have changed.
3 A native Indian group would have controlled all the continent.
4 English couldn’t have become the world’s most spoken language.
5 The Spanish wouldn’t have been so rich.
And you?
AND YOU

Who do you agree with most? Cathy, Lewis, Amber, Dr. Cole or Dr. Bennet?
Why? Share your arguments with your classmates.

84 Platform Three
 ALTERNATIVE HISTORY
Warm up
• Can you think of some examples of how historical events affect the present? Could
you imagine how things could change if these events had happened differently?

KEEP GOING
Talk
about it
• With your partner look at these historic events that have shaped Mexico. Could
you imagine an alternative reality if these events had not happened? Select some
of these situations and change the result of the event. What would have happened
differently? Remember to use full sentences and conjugate the verbs correctly.

Spanish conqueror Hernán Cortés discovered Mexico.

Hernán Cortés defeated the Aztecs and takes control of the Aztec Empire.
Miguel Hidalgo started the Mexican independence movement.
Santa Anna sold the northern area of Mexico to the USA.
The Mexican army defeated the French at the Battle of Puebla.
Porfirio Díaz was president for more than 30 years.
Presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio was assassinated in 1994.
Vicente Fox became President of Mexico in 2000.

If Cortés and the Spanish hadn’t discovered Mexico,

the British would have conquered it.

If someone hadn’t assassinated Colosio, he would have been

President and he would have fixed corruption.

Write
about it
• Now, take one of the alternative historical moments from the events above and
develop it more. Write about a minimum of 4 alternative events that would have
happened if things had happened differently, and their effects. Be careful with the
verb conjugations and use conditionals.

Mexico’s alternative history

If

Compare
+ share

• Check your writing with your classmates. Did you write about the same historical events? Did you
have the same alternative effects? Make any changes to your verb tenses if necessary.

Platform Three 85
 SAY IT RIGHT: I…E/ -IGH
We combine –igh to create the same sound as i…e
KEEP GOING

The –igh sound is often combined with –t at the end: -ight.

Listen
20
• Listen to the pronunciation of these words. You’ll notice that the i…e and
igh sound are exactly the same

bite like high frightened

pipe pile tight highlight

i…e -igh
Practice

• Now, practice the pronunciation of these words. Ask your classmate to check your
Give pronunciation.
More

• Make a list of the other words you know with -igh. Use the pictures
and the internet to help you.

Compare
+ share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. Add any extra words you find.

FIND THE SOUND!

Practice
• Look carefully at these pairs of words below and think about their pronunciation.
Practice pronouncing the different pairs of words.

Listen • Listen carefully and circle the words you hear.

21

1 pills piles 5 lit light

2 sit sight 6 nits nights
3 bit bite 7 fit fight
4 mitt might 8 slit slight

86 Platform Three
 WONDERFUL WORDS: -NESS
Warm up

What words do you know that end in –ness? What type of words are they?

KEEP GOING
We add –ness to the end of adjectives to create the state or concept (noun) from the adjective

fit fitness (the state of being fit)

happy happiness (the state of being happy)
bright brightness (the state of being bright)
Practice

• Complete the spaces in the table with the necessary information. Use your dictionary or the
internet to investigate the meaning of any new vocabulary.
adjective + ness = state/concept
Practice
sick + ness = sickness
• Use the most appropriate –ness word from the
ill + ness = table to complete the sentences.

+ ness = darkness
1 At 8:30pm the sun disappeared and the forest was
+ ness = consciousness
cover with . I could see nothing.
weak + ness =
+ ness = madness 2 Nancy moved to a new city where she had
no friends or family. She suffered a great
sad + ness = every day because she didn’t
effective + ness = know or interact with anyone.

+ ness = goodness
3 The vets gave the tiger some tranquilizer drugs
kind + ness = to control its , because every time
the guards entered the cage, the tiger wanted to
blind + ness =
attack them.
+ ness = loneliness
hard + ness = 4 The doctor quickly diagnosed the patient’s
. It was a rare type of virus.
soft + ness =
+ ness = greatness 5 The vegetables are very delicate and are
crazy + ness = transported in refrigerated containers to protect
and guarantee their .
aggressive + ness =
+ ness = seriousness 6 The government is trying to promote a healthy

+ ness = freshness lifestyle and showing people the importance of

exercise and in their lives.
high + ness =
Compare empty + ness =
+ share

• Compare your answers with your classmates. If you have differences, compare them. Could two
you?
AndYOU
AND
answers be possible? Which is most appropriate in each case? Make a decision together.

• Can you put some more of the words from the table in a sentence to demonstrate their meaning?

Platform Three 87
 COMPETITION

WHERE IN MEXICO?
Warm up

What areas of Mexico provide us with the most history and culture?
Where have the most significant events in Mexico’s history taken place?
And you?
AND YOU
• Look at the map of Mexico below. The arrows represent the location of 10 of the most significant
events in the history of Mexico.
• Do you know where these places are? Do you know what happened in each place? Do you know
when it happened?
WRAP UP

• Using the dates and places below, try to complete the orange boxes in the map.

July 10, 1519 April 10, 1919 La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz, Veracruz
August 13, 1521 July 20, 1923 Puebla, Puebla
September 16, 1810 October 2, 1968 Parral, Chihuahua
May 5, 1892 September 19, 1985 Tlatelolco, Mexico City
November 20, 1910 January 1, 1994 Piedras Negras, Coahuila
Tenochtitlán
Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato
Mexico City
Chinameca, Morelos
Place:
Lacandon Jungle, Chiapas
Event:

Date:
Place:

Event:

Date:

Place:

Event:
Place:
Date:
Event:

Date: Place:

Event:

Place: Date:

Event: Place:
Place:
Date: Event:
Event:
Date:
Date:

Place:
Place:
Event:
Event:
Presentation Date:
Date:

• Watch the presentation to confirm your answers and add any information if necessary.
Give
More • Do you agree with these 10 events to represent Mexico’s history? What would you change?
• What other events could you add? Share your ideas with your classmates and add the facts to the
map. Investigate any information if necessary.

88 Platform Three
 r m T h r e e
Platfo e n t
As s e s s m
tools
Contents:
Project with checklist & rubric
Language review
Vocabulary review
Peer assessment
Self assessment
 Technological skills: researching for information to link with present events & share with others

PROJECT

OUR MOST SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL EVENT

Warm up

Think about all the important national historical events in your country’s
history. Some are more significant than others. Which ones? What makes an
event historically significant?
Talk
about it
• With your partner, discuss the most important events, deaths, fights, etc. that have
Investigate
affected the history and present of Mexico.
• Use the internet or history textbooks to help you investigate all the necessary
information about the event.

Name of event:

Place:

Start date:

Finish date:

People involved/roles:

Effect on Mexico today:

Why is it important:

Compare
+ share

• Compare your project with your classmates. Did they choose the same historical event as you? If
they did, did they include all the same information as you? Could you add any extra points to your
project? Do you disagree with any of their information? Discuss it with your classmates.

90 Platform Three
 CHECKLIST
• Make sure your project includes all the points on the checklist.
 Min. 1 indefinite pronoun
 Min. 1 verb in past perfect to explain what had happened before
another event
 Min 1 unreal past conditional with would for effect in the present
 Min. 1 unreal past conditional with would have for effect in the past
 Where the event happened
 Who was involved in the event
 Reason why it is important today
 How the event is remembered today
 Min. 3 vocabulary items from the platform
 Min. 1 image

RUBRIC
• Pay attention to the aspects in this rubric to see how your teacher will grade your project:
excellent good unsatisfactory
2 points 1.5 points 1 point
examples, facts and incomplete or missing
argument: argument contains full
arguments are mostly facts, argument and
information, examples and facts; shows
clear; investigation examples; more
facts, complete investigation;
almost complete; most of investigation needed;
examples & historical tsignificance is
historical significance is historical significance
justifications clear
clear unclear or missing
a clear, organized mostly well-organized
incoherent structure;
structure, structure in whole structure and use of
elements in wrong place or
order & assignment; information information; does not
missing; difficult to follow
coherence is easy to follow and cause confusion for the
the information
coherent reader
student demonstrates student demonstrates
correct use of target good use of target mistakes in target
language language structures; language structures; a few language; cause confusion
no mistakes in target (minor) mistakes in target for the reader
language language
student uses target very limited or incorrect
student uses a wide variety
vocabulary sufficiently; use of target vocabulary;
of target vocabulary and
vocabulary more varied use of no new terms used;
demonstrates investigation
vocabulary and/or new incorrect use of key
of new terms
terms needed vocabulary

spelling, almost no spelling or some mistakes in spelling many mistakes in spelling

punctuation & punctuation mistakes; and/or punctuation; good and/or punctuation; poor
presentation excellent presentation presentation presentation

Total /10

Platform Three 91
 LANGUAGE REVIEW
• Conjugate the verbs in past simple or past perfect, according to the context.
1. The ambulance arrived ten minutes after the accident had happened (happen).
2. I (ride) a horse in Tapalpa for the first time last week. Before that time in
Tapalpa, I had never ridden a horse.
3. In the exam yesterday, I couldn’t remember the poem we (see) the week be-
fore.
4. The waiter (bring) me a drink that I hadn’t ordered.
WRAP UP

5. The government (prepare) well before the storm, but it destroyed everything.
6. Joe arrived really late at the party. When he arrived, most of the people (go)
home.
7. When you saw my mom last night, she (be) angry because I hadn’t cleaned my
room.
8. In that horrible moment, Emily remembered she (forget) her laptop in her bed-
room.
9. Andrew hadn’t studied any English before he (go) to New York last year. Now,
he’s almost fluent.
10. I didn’t give Isabel a present at her birthday party because I (give) her a pres-
ent before.
11. I (watch, negative) the movie on TV because I had already seen it in the cinema.
/10
• Read the sentences carefully and circle the correct option. Be careful! Some sentences are in conditional or past perfect.
1. If we hadn’t taken a taxi, we late.
(a) had arrived  (b) would have arrived  (c) would arrive  (d) arrived
2. The earthquake destroyed the house we the year before.
(a) had built  (b) would built  (c) would have built  (d) built
3. Fiona would have passed the exam if she .
(a) had studied  (b) would have studied  (c) would study  (d) studying
4. My brother ate all the cake that my mom
(a) would have made  (b) had made  (c) would made  (d) makes
5. We that game last weekend if the coach had decided on a different selection.
(a) had won  (b) would win  (d) would have won  (d) hadn’t won
6. If I hadn’t played in that game, I my leg.
(a) would break  (b) wouldn’t have broken  (c) had broken  (d) broke
7. The children the fruit that had fallen from the tree.
(a) had collected  (b) would collect  (c) collecting  (d) collected
8. Today, we the state soccer champions if we hadn’t lost the final game.
(a) would be   (b) would have were  (c) had been  (d) were
9. Yesterday I the book that I had ordered online a week before.
(a) had received  (b) would have receive  (c) would receive  (d) received
10. If I more in class, I would understand this topic now.
(a) would listened  (b) didn’t listened  (d) had listened  (d) listened
11. I my calculator in the math exam because I had given it to my brother for his
homework.
(a) hadn’t used  (b) use  (c) would used  (d) didn’t use /10

92 Platform Three
 • Put the verb in the correct tense to complete each conditional sentence.
1. If I had studied (study) more in high school, I would have entered university.
2. I wouldn’t have met my girlfriend if I (go) to that party.
3. If I had studied medicine, I (be) a doctor now.
4. If you (visit) Los Angeles on your trip to the USA last year, you would have seen

WRAP UP
Hollywood.
5. If I had slept early last night, I (feel, negative) tired today.
6. Ben (crash, negative) if he had seen the other car.
7. If you (ask) me for help, I would have helped you.
8. If I had seen your text message, I (answer) in that moment.
9. We would have won the game yesterday if Gerry (play).
10. If I had studied primary school in Toronto, I (speak) perfect English today.
11. I wouldn’t have woken up late if I (hear) my alarm.

/10
• Complete these sentences with the correct indefinite pronoun.

1. Would you like something to eat?

2. Is there in that house on the corner of your street?
3. I don’t like small villages because I feel bored. There’s to do in a village. I prefer
interesting cities.
4. Last night, we lost all electricity in our area. It was very dark and I couldn’t see .
5. I’m so hungry, because I haven’t eaten for more than twelve hours.
6. Daniella’s new in this school. She doesn’t know in this class.
7. Does have a pencil, please? I forgot my pencil case.
8. The soccer practice was cancelled yesterday because went. It was raining
really hard.
9. This is a really small town and we don’t have any traffic. You can go in
this town in 15 minutes or less.
10. I’ve looked , but I can’t find my bag . It’s lost!
/10

My progress Total /40

35-40 Excellent! You’ve learnt everything. You’re ready for platform two!

25-34 Good progress. Study the parts you’re unsure about before you continue.

15-24 Study more. Go back and review the points you didn’t understand.

 0-14 Oops! You need to repeat this unit before you continue.

Platform Three 93
 VOCABULARY REVIEW
• Put the words from the wordle into the correct category

skyscraper

costumes

painting
photography
pyramid
democracy

lyrics

toast
barbecue bridge agree theatre flag
WRAP UP

mass
slavery street parade tower
attack

decorations
freedom
castle
exchange gifts explore
fashion

protest
traditional dance statue
square
architecture
clock fireworks display graffiti
war
float special meal
handicraft music
fountain surrender
museum

troops
literature ballet sculpture church discriminationpark
military parade

Artistic Celebrations Landmarks History

expressions

94 Platform Three
 PEER ASSESSMENT
• Together with your partner, check your grades from the language review, vocabulary review and
evaluation diagnosis to check the most appropriate box about your progress.
almost a piece
I need more of cake!
practice perfect

Investigate cultural contributions in your community

Step and country
1: Language: Indefinite pronouns
Vocabulary: Artistic expressions
Organize information in the past sequentially
Step
Language: Past perfect
2:
Vocabulary: Celebrations
Exchange information about events that have affected
Step society today locally and internationally
3: Language: 3rd conditional (would)
Vocabulary: Landmarks
Relate historic experiences in your locality,
Step country and the world
4: Language: 3rd conditional (would have)
Vocabulary: History

WHAT’S NEXT?
• After analyzing your partner’s language and vocabulary reviews and based on the
grades you gave your partner above, answer these questions to help your partner.

1 What are your partner’s strong points in the topics you learned this period?

2 What are your partner’s weak points in the topics you learned this period?

3 What should your partner do to improve his/her language score?

Platform Three 95
 SELF-ASSESSMENT
• Look at the grades and comments your partner gave you in the peer
assessment and your grades from the project, language review and
vocabulary review to answer these questions.

1 What parts of your progress and learning of this period are you happy with?

2 What parts of your progress and learning of this period are you not happy with?

3 Why? How can you improve? Give concrete actions.

Based on all of this information, what grade

would you give yourself this period?
/10
My grade

96 Platform Three
 Regular past verbs
Present Simple past Past participle Present Simple past Past participle
accept accepted accepted improve improved improved
advertise advertised advertised increase increased increased
affect affected affected inspire inspired inspired
afford afforded afforded introduce introduced introduced
appear appeared appeared invent invented invented
arrive arrived arrived invest invested invested
assassinate assassinated assassinated kill killed killed
assemble assembled assembled laugh laughed laughed
attack attacked attacked link linked linked
avoid avoided avoided listen listened listened
benefit benefited benefited litter littered littered
borrow borrowed borrowed manage managed managed
cause caused caused manufacture manufactured manufactured
celebrate celebrated celebrated move moved moved
change changed changed need needed needed
clean cleaned cleaned notice noticed noticed
collect collected collected occur occurred occurred
commute commuted commuted open opened opened
conquer conquered conquered organize organized organized
contaminate contaminated contaminated own owned owned
convert converted converted pollute polluted polluted
create created created prepare prepared prepared
cycle cycled cycled produce produced produced
dance danced danced program programed programed
declare declared declared protect protected protected
decompose decomposed decomposed protest protested protested
defeat defeated defeated pull pulled pulled
describe described described receive received received
design designed designed recognize recognized recognized
destroy destroyed destroyed record recorded recorded
develop developed developed recycle recycled recycled
die died died reduce reduced reduced
disappear disappeared disappeared remember remembered remembered
discover discovered discovered remove removed removed
earn earned earned replace replaced replaced
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed reuse reused reused
exchange exchanged exchanged rob robbed robbed
expect expected expected save saved saved
explore explored explored separate separated separated
fix fixed fixed sponsor sponsored sponsored
focus focused focused stimulate stimulated stimulated
generate generated generated suffer suffered suffered
happen happened happened surrender surrendered surrendered
help helped helped transform transformed transformed
 Regular past verbs Irregular past verbs
Present Simple past Past participle Present Simple past Past participle
transport transported transported hide hid hidden
trap trapped trapped hit hit hit
travel traveled traveled hold held held
try tried tried hurt hurt hurt
use used used keep kept kept
visit visited visited know knew known
waste wasted wasted lead led led
learn learnt learnt
leave left left
Irregular past verbs let let let
lose lost lost
Present Simple past Past participle make made made
be was/were been meet met met
become became become pay paid paid
begin began begun put put put
bite bit bitten quit quit quit
break broke broken read read read
bring brought brought ride rode ridden
burn burnt burnt ring rang rung
buy bought bought run ran run
catch caught caught say said said
choose chose chosen see saw seen
come came come sell sold sold
cost cost cost send sent sent
cut cut cut shoot shot shot
do did done shut shut shut
draw drew drawn sing sang sung
drink drank drunk sit sat sat
drive drove driven sleep slept slept
eat ate eaten speak spoke spoken
fall fell fallen spend spent spent
feel felt felt stand stood stood
fight fought fought steal stole stolen
find found found swim swam swum
fly flew flown take took taken
forget forgot forgotten teach taught taught
forgive forgave forgiven tell told told
get got gotten think thought thought
give gave given throw threw thrown
go went gone understand understood understood
grow grew grown wake up woke up woken up
hang out hung out hung out wear wore worn
have had had win won won
hear heard heard write wrote written
 CREDITS
Platform 1
thewindpower.net theculturetrip.com
Pages 3-4 vra.com wikipedia.org
archdaily.mx wikipedia.org Page 72
culturacolectiva.com Page 24 teachervision.com
ecoinventos.com thesoundofenglish.org Page 76
eleconomista.com.mx foodnetwork.ca ich.unesco.org
greenbiz.com travel.nationalgeographic. list25.com
huffingtonpost.com.mx com wikipedia.org
interface.com Page 80
isuu.com Platform 2 britannica.com
milenio.com chinahighlights.com
net-works.com Pages 36-37 cuscoperu.com
ovacen.xom bbc.com history.com
parley.tv latimes.com international.visitjordan.
quien.com the guardian.com com
warkawater.org Page 41 mexicodesconocido.com.
wastedlab.nl/en/ educators.brainpop.com mx
muyinteresante.com.mx tefl.net nationalgeographic.com
codigoespagueti.com Page 44 new7wonders.com
Page 8 allthingstopics.com rome.info
archdaily.com avbuyer.com sacredsites.com
conceptosplasticos.com caranddriver.com theculturetrip.com
theventure.com century21global.com tajmahal.gov.in
Page 12 elfinanciero.com.mx tajmahal.org.uk
conciencia-sustentable.abilia. expedia.com xichen.com.mx
mx globalair.com wikipedia.org
culturacolectiva.com globalpropertyguide.com Page 84
unaescuelasustentable.uy numbeo.com alternatehistory.com
unesco.org point2homes.com freerepublic.com
Page 16 trulia.com io9.com
4ocean.com vividseats.com loc.gov
businessinsider.com zillow.com quora.com
culturacolectiva.com Page 48 wikipedia.org
scmp.com bbc.com Page 87
wptv.com Page 52 en.islcollective.com
Page 20 business.qld.gov.au learnthat.org
aljazeera.com morewords.com
bbc.com Platform 3 Page 88
culturacolectiva.com bbc.com
lossinagua.org Pages 66-67 datesandevents.org
archdaily.mx cnn.com history.com
Page 22 latina.com thoughtco.com
popularmechanics.com liquor.com timetoast.com
recurrentenergy.com mexonline.com wikipedia.org
 Publisher: Saúl Dávalos Morales
Diseño: David Pérez
Diagramación: David Pérez, Cecilia Lomas y Jesús Ordorica
Captura del texto: Fernanda de Ávila
Cuidado del texto: Michael John Pryor
Fotografías: Thinkstock y Pixabay

Step Up 4 se terminó de imprimir en noviembre de 2017

en los talleres de Visual e Impresos S.A. de C.V.
Calle 54 núm. 814, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.