Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

A PROJECT REPORT
ON
ONLINE EXAM SYSTEM

Submitted To
Department of Computer Application
Asian School of Management and Technology
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Computer
Application

Submitted by
Santosh Jugjali Magar,
TU Reg no: 6-2-1181-70-2020
&
Pawan B.K
TU Reg no: 6-2-1181- 59-2020

Under Supervision of
Mr. Surya Bam
2024
 Tribhuvan University
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Asian School of Management and Technology

Supervisor’s Recommendation

We hereby recommend that this project prepared under my supervision by

Santosh Jugjali Magar, and Pawan b.k entitled “online exam system” in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in
Computer Application is recommended for the final evaluation.

_________________

Mr. Surya Bam

SUPERVISOR
Dept. of Computer Application
Asian School of Management and Technology
Gongabu, Kathmandu, Nepal
 Tribhuvan University
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Asian School of Management and Technology
LETTER OF APPROVAL
This is to certify that this project prepared by Santosh Jugjali Magar and Pawan
B.K entitled “Online Exam System” in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor in Computer Application has been evaluated. In our opinion, it is
satisfactory in the scope and quality as a project for the required degree.

…………………………… ………………………………………

Supervisor HOD/ Coordinator

Lecturer, Mr. Surya Bam Lecturer, Mr. ……………..

Dept. of Computer Application Dept. of Computer Application
Asian School of Management and Asian School of Management and
Technology Technology
Gongabu, Kathmandu, Nepal Gongabu, Kathmandu, Nepal

…………………………………. ………………………………………

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 Acknowledgment

We would like to express our gratitude towards our Supervisor Mr. Surya Bam and our
honorable principal Mr. Anil Lal Amatya, of the “Asian School of Management and
Technology” for their support in the accomplishment of our project on the “Online
Exam System”.

We would like to extend my deep appreciation to all my group members, without their
support and coordination we would not have been able to complete this project.

Sincerely,

Santosh Jugjali Magar

Pawan B.K

i
 Abstract

online exam systems has transformed traditional assessment methodologies, offering a

dynamic and efficient platform for educational evaluations. This abstract explores the key
components and benefits of such systems. The architecture involves modules for question
management, exam configuration, and result generation, supported by a secure
authentication framework. Features encompass adaptive testing, real-time monitoring,
and diverse question formats, fostering a comprehensive evaluation experience. Security
measures, including encryption and monitoring tools, ensure the integrity of exams.
Integration with Learning Management Systems enhances user experience, while
continuous innovation addresses evolving educational needs. Online exam systems
represent a paradigm shift, providing a scalable, accessible, and technologically advanced
approach to assessments.

ii
 Table of Contents
Acknowledgement

Abstract

List of Figures

List of Tables

List of Abbreviations

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Problem Statement

1.3. Objectives

1.4. Scopes and Limitations

1.5. Report Organization

CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND STUDY AND LITERATURE REVIEW

2.2. Background Study

2.3. Literature Review

CHAPTER 3: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3.1. System Analysis

3.1.1. Requirement Analysis

1. Functional Requirement

2. Non-Functional Requirement

3.1.2. Feasibility Study

i. Technical Feasibility

ii. Operational Feasibility

iii. Economic Feasibility

iv. Gantt Chart (Schedule)

3.1.3 Data Modeling

3.1.4. Process Modeling

iii
 3.2. System Design

3.2.1. Architectural Design

3.2.2 Database Schema Design

3.2.3. Interface Design

3.2.4. Physical Design

CHAPTER 4: IMPLEMENTAION AND TESTING

4.1. Implementation

4.1.1. Tools Used:

4.1.2.Implementation Details of Module

4.2. Testing

4.2.1. Test Cases for Unit Testing

4.2.2. Test Cases for Integration Testing

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1. Outcome:

5.2. Conclusion:

5.3. Future Recommendation:

REFERENCES:

iv
 List of Figures

Fig 3.1. Use Case Diagram of Online Exam Systems

Fig 3.1. ER-Diagram of online Exam Systems……...…………………………………...11
Fig 3.2. Context diagram for Online Exam Systems
Fig 3.3. Process Modeling (level 1 DFD) for Online Exam Systems
Fig 3.4. Architecture of Online Exam Systems
Fig 3.5. Database Schema Design for OES
Fig 3.6. Sign in/Sign up Page Design (Online Exam Systems)………………………….
Fig 3.7. Landing Page (Online Exam System)
Fig 3.8. Physical DFD of Admin for OES
Fig 3.9.1. Physical DFD of User for OES
Fig 4.1. Waterfall Model

v
 List of Tables

Table 1.1 Gantt Chart Representing Working Schedule of OES

Table 1.2 Unit Testing
Table 1.3 Integration Testing

vi
 List of Abbreviations
DFD: Data Flow Diagram
ER: Entity Relation
JS: JavaScript
OSE: Online Exam System

vii
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1. Introduction
The Online Exam System (OES) represents a transformative leap in the realm of
educational assessments. In response to the limitations of traditional examination
methods, OES offers a dynamic and efficient solution that harnesses the power of
technology. This system revolutionizes the assessment process by providing a secure and
accessible platform for both educators and learners.

This system is very user-friendly. Anyone with or without of computer field can use this
website. The landing page directs users to choose whether they are teacher or student.
After they select choose what they are, if one is new he/she can sign up or else can login.
Teachers can add or remove exams, approve or disapprove students, see details of all
exams. While students can participate in active exams see their information as well as
past exams.

OES's hallmark feature is its accessibility, allowing candidates to undertake exams

remotely, eliminating geographical barriers. Security is paramount, with the system
employing robust measures such as secure logins and randomized question orders to
maintain the integrity of assessments. Instant feedback is a key advantage, enabling
candidates to receive immediate insights into their performance, fostering a continuous
learning cycle.

Customization is another strength of OES, accommodating various question formats to

suit diverse learning objectives. The system's time efficiency, coupled with
comprehensive data analytics, streamlines the examination process and empowers
educators with valuable insights. Adaptive testing further enhances accuracy by tailoring
question difficulty based on individual responses.

In essence, the Online Exam System emerges as a vital tool in modern education,
addressing the evolving needs of the digital era. Its accessibility, security, and
adaptability contribute to a seamless examination experience, fostering a more effective
and insightful assessment process.

1
1.2. Problem Statement
Traditional exams face logistical hurdles, geographical constraints, and time-consuming
grading processes. Academic dishonesty and the inability to cater to diverse learning
needs further underscore the shortcomings. The Online Exam System seeks to address
these challenges by providing a secure, flexible, and efficient alternative to traditional
examination methods.

1.3. Objectives
i. Enhance Accessibility:

Provide a platform that allows students to undertake exams remotely, fostering

accessibility and eliminating geographical constraints.

ii. Ensure Security and Integrity:

Implement robust security measures to prevent cheating and ensure the integrity of the
examination process, instilling confidence in the results.

iii. Streamline Assessment Processes:

Introduce features such as instant feedback, adaptive testing, and automated grading to
streamline the examination process, reducing administrative burden and enhancing
efficiency.

iv. Promote Personalized Learning:

Incorporate adaptive testing and multimedia elements to cater to diverse learning needs,
offering a personalized assessment experience for individual students.

2
1.4. Scopes and Limitations
1. Scopes:

Global Accessibility:

The Online Exam System enables students from various geographical locations to
participate in exams, promoting accessibility and inclusivity

Time Efficiency:

Streamlining the assessment process, the system facilitates quicker results through instant
feedback and automated grading, saving time for both students and educators.

Adaptive Learning:

The inclusion of adaptive testing allows for personalized assessments, addressing the
diverse learning needs of individual students.

2. Limitations:

Technological Barriers:

Accessibility may be hindered by technological disparities, limiting participation for

students without reliable internet access or suitable devices.

Security Concerns:

While efforts are made to ensure security, the online environment may still pose
challenges, necessitating constant updates and monitoring to prevent potential breaches.

Adaptability Challenges:

Resistance to change among educators and students may impact the successful adoption
of the Online Exam System, requiring effective training and support mechanisms.

3
1.5. Report Organization

Chapter 1, includes introduction about the Online Exam System, problem statement,
objectives of this project and lastly, scope and limitation of this OES. In chapter 2, we
talk about the background of Online Exam System and literature review. Brief
Introduction about the Online Exam System and review of the literature/article on chapter
2 which helps understanding the basics and past history of Online Exam System. In
chapter 3, we have feasibility study that is needed for the developing of the system along
with the study of existing system and requirement collection. It also includes the
structuring system requirement along with system design that include architectural
design, database schema design, interface design and physical DFD. Chapter 3 is more
about the feasibility, work flow and working procedure of this system.

Chapter 4 includes, tools used for the development, implementation detail of module and
the testing of data in the system. Chapter 5, consists of expected outcome, conclusion and
enhancement that can be made in the system in future.

4
CHAPTER 2

5
 BACKGROUND STUDY AND LITERATURE REVIEW
2.2. Background Study
The evolution of education in the digital age has prompted a paradigm shift in assessment
methodologies. The traditional pen-and-paper examination system faces challenges such
as logistical complexities, geographical constraints, and time-intensive processes. To
address these issues, the development of an Online Exam System has become imperative.

In recent years, advancements in technology have paved the way for a more streamlined
and accessible approach to assessments. The background study delves into the historical
context of examination systems, tracing the evolution from traditional methods to the
contemporary digital landscape. It explores the rising demand for flexible, secure, and
technologically-driven assessment platforms.

A review of existing literature provides insights into the benefits and challenges
associated with online examination systems. Studies on security measures, adaptability,
and the impact on student performance contribute to a comprehensive understanding of
the landscape. The background study aims to establish the necessity and relevance of an
Online Exam System in modern educational settings, setting the stage for the
development and implementation of a robust and effective platform.

2.3. Literature Review

6
The literature surrounding Online Exam Systems (OES) underscores their significance in
reshaping the landscape of educational assessments. Numerous studies highlight the
advantages of OES, emphasizing accessibility as a key factor in accommodating diverse
learners. Scholars have noted that OES transcends geographical constraints, allowing
candidates to participate in exams from any location with an internet connection.

Security features within OES have been extensively examined, with research focusing on
the implementation of secure logins, randomized question orders, and other measures to
safeguard the integrity of assessments. These studies affirm the effectiveness of OES in
mitigating the risks associated with traditional examination methods.

Furthermore, the literature emphasizes the instant feedback mechanism inherent in OES.
Researchers have explored how prompt feedback enhances the learning process by
providing candidates with immediate insights into their performance. This real-time
feedback loop has been identified as a catalyst for continuous improvement in academic
outcomes.

Customization capabilities within OES have also garnered attention, with scholars
highlighting the system's adaptability to various question formats. The literature
consistently emphasizes how this feature allows educators to tailor assessments to
specific learning objectives, thereby optimizing the evaluation process.

In conclusion, the literature review underscores the multifaceted benefits of Online Exam
Systems, shedding light on their role in promoting accessibility, security, instant
feedback, and customization in educational assessments.

7
 CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1. System Analysis
Online Exam System involves a detailed examination of user requirements, functional
aspects, data flow, security measures, scalability, integration capabilities, user interface
design, feedback mechanisms, and compliance with regulations. This comprehensive
analysis ensures that the system meets the specific needs of administrators, instructors,
and students while maintaining data integrity, security, and adherence to educational
standards. By evaluating these components, system analysts ensure the efficient and
reliable performance of the Online Exam System, providing a solid foundation for
seamless online examinations in educational settings.

3.1.1. Requirement Analysis

Requirement Analysis is a crucial step for determining the success of a system or
software project. Requirements are generally split into two types:

1. Functional Requirement:
i. User login:
This feature used by the teacher/student to login to the system.

ii. Exam Details:

The admin can add, update and deactivate exams.

iii. Taking exam:

Students are able to take exams through the system.

8
Fig 3.1. Use Case Diagram of OES

9
 2. Non-Functional Requirement:
i. Usability:
Very high skill is not required to use this system so it is user friendly.

ii. Security:
The Online Exam System is password protected to change things on
the system. All result data is protected and controlled by administrator.

iii. Reliability:
This system is available and accessible to the users 24/7.

3.1.2. Feasibility Analysis

Technical Feasibility:

Evaluate the technological infrastructure required for the OES, including server
capabilities, network bandwidth, and compatibility with devices. Ensure that the system
can efficiently handle the anticipated user load and deliver a seamless online examination
experience.

Operational Feasibility:

Assess the practicality of integrating the OES into existing educational operations.
Consider factors such as ease of system use, adaptability to current workflows, and the
level of training required for administrators, instructors, and students.

Economic Feasibility:

Examine the financial aspects of implementing the OES, including development costs,
maintenance expenses, and potential savings compared to traditional examination
methods. Determine whether the long-term benefits outweigh the initial investment

10
Gantt Chart (Schedule):
A Gantt chart is a commonly used graphical depiction of a project schedule. It is a type of
bar chart showing the start and finish dates of a project’s elements such as resources,
planning, and dependencies.

ID Task Name Duration 2023

May Jun/Jul Aug/Sept Oct
1 Study and Analysis 4w

2 Data Collection 1w

3 Implementation 5w

4 Testing and 3w
Analysis
5 Documentation 4w

Table 1.1 Gantt Chart Representing Working Schedule of OES

11
3.1.3 Data Modeling
Online Exam System, entities such as users, exams, questions, and results are identified.
Relationships and attributes are defined to create a structured database schema. This
process ensures efficient data organization, retrieval, and management within the system.

Fig 4.2. ER-Diagram of Online Exam Systems

12
3.1.4. Process Modeling

Student/User Teacher/Admin
Login/signup
Login/signup
Take exam Add exam Manage Students
Personal Information Exam Details
Student Details
View result

Online Exam System

Database

Fig 3.2. Context Diagram for Online Exam System

In this system, Level Context Diagram and Level 1 DFD is used for process modeling. In
context level diagram normal design of the system is built where as in Level 1 DFD of
this system includes certain internal process like login, managing Exam, database,
managing requests. This system has two objects teacher and student. In this system
teacher and student can login and excess to the database then the database displays the list
of exams available in the system.

13
Fig 3.3. Process Modeling (level 1 DFD) for Library Management System

14
3.2. System Design:
System Design is the most crucial phase in the development of the system. The
logical system design arrived at as a result of systems analysis is converted into
physical system design. Normally the design proceeds in two phases:

3.2.1. Architectural Design

In the architectural design, the features of the new system are specified. The costs
of implementing these features and the benefits to be derived the estimate. If the
project is still considered to be feasible, we move to the detailed design stage.

Fig 3.4. Architecture of Online Exam System

15
2.2 Database Schema Design
The database schema design for the Online Exam System involves structuring data
entities such as users, exams, questions, and results. Tables are created to represent these
entities, with relationships and constraints ensuring data integrity. Attributes are defined
to capture essential information, and normalization techniques are employed for efficient
data storage and retrieval. This structured schema forms the backbone of the system,
facilitating seamless interactions between different components and supporting reliable
data management throughout the lifecycle of exams. The design prioritizes efficiency,
scalability, and security, ensuring a robust foundation for the Online Exam System's
database architecture.

Fig 3.5. Database Schema Design for OES

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Interface Design
Before implementing the actual design of the project, a few user interface designs
were constructed to visualize the user interaction with the system. The below user
interface design closely follow Functional Decomposition Diagram of the system,
show the initial designs of the web page.

Fig 3.6. Sign in/Sign up Page Design (Online Exam System)

Fig 3.7.Landing Page (Online Exam System)

17
3.2.4. Physical Design
A physical data flow diagram shows how the system will be implemented,
including the hardware, software, files, and people in the system. Below figure
illustrates how this OES is physically implemented to perform required and
desired task. The physical diagram of this OES shows the application of physical
components and how this system functions.

Fig 3.8. Physical DFD of Admin for OES

18
Fig 3.9.1. Physical DFD of User for OES

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 CHAPTER 4
IMPLEMENTAION AND TESTING

4.1. Implementation
The Online Exam System, entities such as users, exams, questions, and results are
identified. Relationships and attributes are defined to create a structured database schema.
This process ensures efficient data organization, retrieval, and management within the
system.

REQUIREMENT GATHERING

ANALYSIS

DESIGN

CODING

TESTING

Fig 4.1. Waterfall Model

20
4.1.1. Tools Used:
React:

React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces(Frontend).It was developed by

Facebook, it simplifies UI development with a component-based approach. React's
efficient rendering and reusable components make it a popular choice and using for
dynamic implementation

Nodejs:

Node.js is a runtime environment that executes JavaScript code outside the browser. It is
used in Backend Language. It enables server-side scripting, fostering scalable and
efficient network applications. It is widely adopted for its non-blocking, event-driven
architecture, enhancing the speed and responsiveness of web servers.

Express:

Express.js, a minimal and flexible Node.js web application framework, simplifies the
development of robust and scalable server-side applications. It has been used as
framework for Node.js, With a straightforward API and middleware support, Express
facilitates building dynamic and efficient web applications, making it a popular choice in
the Node.js ecosystem.

MongoDB:

MongoDB is a NoSQL database that stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents. It has
been used as a Database. It offers high performance, scalability, and flexibility, making it
ideal for diverse applications. MongoDB's document model and automatic sharding
contribute to its popularity in modern, data-intensive projects

Figma :

Figma is a collaborative design tool for digital projects. It helps teams work together
easily with features like real-time editing and interactive prototypes. Figma's simplicity
and cloud-based approach streamline the design process, making it efficient for modern
teams.

21
4.1.2. Implementation Details of Module

An implementation module consists in a sequence of implementation phrase. An

implementation phrases either opens a module or put a decision or plan into effect
execution. The following are some of the modules included in the online exam systems.

1. Requirements Definition:

 Clearly outline the objectives and functionalities of the module .

 Identify specific features, such as question types, exam settings, and user roles.

2. System Architecture:

 Design the module's architecture, ensuring scalability and compatibility with the
existing exam system.

 Determine the data flow and interactions between the module and other system
components.

3. Database Design:

 Develop the database schema to store information related to exams, questions, users,
and results.

 Ensure data integrity and implement relationships between different entities.

4. User Interface (UI) Design:

 Create an intuitive and user-friendly interface for administrators, instructors, and

examinees.

 Design screens for exam creation, configuration, and result viewing.

22
4.2. Testing
Software testing is the process of evaluating and verifying that a software product
or application does what it is supposed to do. The benefits of testing include
preventing bugs, reducing development costs and improving performance.

4.2.1. Test Cases for Unit Testing

Unit testing was done by testing the admin module. Different tests were done to
check the unit testing.

Table 2: Unit Testing

S.N User Test Inputs Output Remark

. s
1 Teache Sign in Email: Test
r [email protected] Success
m
Password:
admin123
2 Student Sign in Email:
[email protected] Test
Password: user123
Success

3 Teache Add Enter exam title, Test

r new pass marks, mcq Success
quesions, true
exam
false questions

4. Student Take exam Test

Success

5, Teache Accept Approve or not Test

r request Success
s

23
 Table 1.2 Unit Testing

4.2.2. Test Cases for Integration Testing

Integration testing was done by testing the User Access Module. Different tests
were done to check the integration of the module.

S.N. Input Expected Result Remarks

1. Username : admin Redirected to
Email: homepage and
[email protected] allowed access to all
Password: admin123
activity

2. Username : wrong Failed to login!

Email: Incorrect email or
[email protected] Password
Password: wrong

Table 1.3 Integration Testing

24
 CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1. Outcome:
We can easily manage the available exams and students in this system. Admin is able to
add, update, delete and view the exams in the system and Users, in turn are able to take
and see completed exam's details.

5.2. Conclusion:
Online exam systems have revolutionized the landscape of education by offering
unparalleled convenience, efficiency, and adaptability. The incorporation of adaptive
testing, stringent security measures, and real-time feedback has elevated the assessment
experience. Seamless integration with Learning Management Systems and mobile
compatibility caters to the dynamic nature of contemporary education. The future
promises even greater strides, with continuous user training, blockchain verification, and
a commitment to environmental sustainability. As these systems evolve, their pivotal role
in providing fair, secure, and technologically advanced assessments underscores their
significance in shaping the future of education, ensuring accessibility and effectiveness
for learners worldwide.

5.3. Future Recommendation:

Online exam systems, prioritizing adaptive testing, robust security measures, and
seamless integration with Learning Management Systems is crucial. Implementing real-
time feedback, analytics, and accessibility features ensures a comprehensive user
experience. Mobile compatibility and collaborative assessment capabilities cater to
evolving educational needs. Continuous user training, exploration of blockchain for result
verification, and a commitment to environmental sustainability through eco-friendly
practices further enhance the system's efficacy. Striving for innovation and adaptability
will be key in shaping a future-proof online exam system that addresses emerging
challenges and provides a seamless, secure, and inclusive assessment experience.

25
REFERENCES:

[1] Eklavvya, "Online Examination System," 2020. [Online]. Available:

https://www.eklavvya.com/blog/online-examination-system/

[2] mettl . Nawodya, " Online Exams With Our Secure " . https://mettl.com/en/online-
exam-software-system/

[3] iitms.co.in, “.Online Examination System”, 2002

https://getintopc.com/softwares/office-tools/microsoft-office-2016-pro-plusjan-2023-
free-download-5793229/?id=000759739612

26
ONLINE EXAM SYSTEMS (Screen Shots)

Landing page.

Teacher’s signup page

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Student signup page

Teacher’ login page

28
Student login page

Teacher’s homepage

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 Student homepage

Student’s Manage Students

30
 Student’s Completed Exams

Teacher's Completed Exams Page

31
Student in completed or take exam

Teacher’s Active Exams page

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Teacher’s Add exam page

33