SAPATA ISOLADA RÍGIDA SOLICITADA À FORÇA NORMAL E UM MOMENTO FLETOR

- Dados:
fck kN
Kmaj ≔ 1.1 Nk ≔ 1600 kN fck ≔ 25 MPa fcd ≔ ―― = 1.786 ――
1.4 cm 2
hx ≔ 100 cm Mx ≔ 10000 kN ⋅ cm 3 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ fck ⎞ 2 kN
fctd ≔ 0.15 ⋅ ⎜――― ⎟ ⋅ 1 MPa = 0.128 ――
kN ⎝ 1 MPa ⎠ cm 2
hy ≔ 20 cm σadm.s ≔ 0.30 MPa = 0.03 ――
cm 2
500 MPa kN
ϕp ≔ 20 mm n1 ≔ 2.25 n2 ≔ 1 n3 ≔ 1 fyd ≔ ―――― = 43.478 ――
1.15 cm 2

1. Dimensionamento Geométrico cx ＝ cy ＝ c

- Dimensões da base da sapata:

Kmaj ⋅ Nk
Asap ≔ ――― Asap = 5.867 m 2 Lx ⋅ Ly ＝ Asap
σadm.s
⎛⎝2 c + hx⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝2 c + hy⎞⎠ ＝ Asap

4 ⋅ c 2 + 240 c + 2000 - 58670 ＝ 0

4 ⋅ c 2 + 240 c - 56670 ＝ 0
⎡ ⎤
7 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾
⎢ ――――― 1230 - 60 ⎥
solve ⎢ 2 ⎥
4 ⋅ c 2 + 240 c - 56670 ―― →⎢ ⎥ c ＝ 92.75 cm
⎛ ‾‾‾‾ ⎞
-⎝ 7
⎢ ――――――⋅ 1230 ⎠ - 60 ⎥
⎢⎣ 2 ⎥⎦ c ≔ 100 cm

Lx ≔ 2 c + hx = 300 cm Ly ≔ 2 c + hy = 220 cm
 Lx ≔ 2 c + hx = 300 cm Ly ≔ 2 c + hy = 220 cm

- Altura da sapata
kN Lx - hx Lx - hx
fbd ≔ n1 ⋅ n2 ⋅ n3 ⋅ fctd = 0.289 ―― H > ――― ――― = 66.667 cm
cm 2 3 3
ϕp fyd Ly - hy
lb ≔ ― ⋅ ―― = 75.337 cm ――― = 66.667 cm
4 fbd 3
lb.nec ≔ 0.7 ⋅ lb = 52.736 cm H ≔ 70 cm

d > 55 cm
⎛H ⎞
h ≔ max ⎜―, 20 cm ⎟ = 23.333 cm h ≔ 25 cm
⎝3 ⎠

⎛ H-h ⎞
α ≔ atan ⎜―――― ⎟ = 24.775 °
⎝ c - 2.5 cm ⎠

- Verificação do peso próprio

⎛H-h ⎞
Vsap ≔ ⎜――⋅ ⎛⎝Lx ⋅ Ly + ⎛⎝hx + 5 cm ⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝hy + 5 cm ⎞⎠ + ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Lx ⋅ Ly ⋅ ⎛⎝hx + 5 cm ⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝hy + 5 cm ⎞⎠ ⎞⎠⎟ + Lx ⋅ Ly ⋅ h
⎝ 3 ⎠
3 kN
Vsap = 2.877 m PPsap ≔ Vsap ⋅ 25 ―― = 71.92 kN
m3
PPest ≔ ⎛⎝Kmaj - 1⎞⎠ ⋅ Nk = 160 kN OK!

- Verificação de tração na base da sapata:

Mx = 10000 kN ⋅ cm My ≔ 0 kN ⋅ cm
Mx My
ex ≔ ―――― = 5.981 cm ey ≔ ―――― = 0 cm
Nk + PPsap Nk + PPsap

ex ey 1 ex ey 1
― + ―< ― ―+ ―= 0.02 ―= 0.167 OK!
Lx Ly 6 Lx Ly 6
Não há tração na base da sapata.

Nk + PPsap Mx Lx My Ly kN
σmin ≔ ―――― - ――― ⋅ ―- ――― ⋅ ―= 0.022 ――
Lx ⋅ Ly Ly ⋅ Lx 3
2 Lx ⋅ Ly 3
2 cm 2
――― ―――
12 12

- Verificação da tensão máxima

OBS: A aba da sapata foi estipulada como 100 cm, para que a tensão máxima no
solo não fosse maior que a tensão admissível.
Nk + PPsap Mx Lx My Ly kN kN
σmax ≔ ―――― + ――― ⋅ ―+ ――― ⋅ ―= 0.028 ―― σadm.s = 0.03 ――
Lx ⋅ Ly Ly ⋅ Lx 3
2 Lx ⋅ Ly 3
2 cm 2 cm 2
――― ―――
12 12 OK!

A tensão máxima é menor que a tensão admissível no solo.

2. Armadura à Flexão
12.5 mm
Direção x dx ≔ H - 4 cm - ――――
2
Nk + PPsap Mx Lx kN
σ1 ≔ ―――― + ――― ⋅ ― = 0.028 ――
Lx ⋅ Ly Ly ⋅ Lx 3
2 cm 2
―――
12
Nk + PPsap Mx Lx kN
σ2 ≔ ―――― - ――― ⋅ ―= 0.022 ――
Lx ⋅ Ly Ly ⋅ Lx 3
2 cm 2
―――
12
σ1 - σ2 σ1 - σx x kN
x ≔ c + 0.15 ⋅ hx = 115 cm ――― ＝ ――― σx ≔ σ1 - ⎛⎝σ1 - σ2⎞⎠ ⋅ ― σx = 0.026 ――
Lx x Lx cm 2

Nk + PPsap Mx kN
σx ≔ ―――― + ――― ⋅ 0.35 hx = 0.026 ――
Lx ⋅ Ly Ly ⋅ Lx 3
cm 2
―――
⎛ σ ⋅ x2 ⎛ σ - σ ⎞ ⋅ x 2 ⎞ 12
x ⎝ 1 x⎠
Mxk ≔ ⎜――― + ――――― ⎟ ⋅ Ly = 40133.669 kN ⋅ cm
⎝ 2 3 ⎠
Mxd
Mxd ≔ 1.4 ⋅ Mxk = 56187.137 kN ⋅ cm Asx ≔ ――――= 23.256 cm 2
0.85 dx ⋅ fyd

π ⋅ ϕx 2 Asx Ly - 2 ⋅ 4 cm - ϕx
ϕx ≔ 12.5 mm Aϕ ≔ ――― n ≔ ―― = 18.951 sy ≔ ―――――― = 11.708 cm
4 Aϕ 18
19 ϕ 12.5 mm c/ 11,5 cm

Direção y dy ≔ dx - ϕx = 64.125 cm
⎛2 σ1 + σ2 ⎞ kN
σy ≔ max ⎜―σ1 , ――― ⎟ = 0.025 ―― y ≔ c + 0.15 hy = 103 cm
⎝3 2 ⎠ cm 2

σy ⋅ y 2
Myk ≔ ――― ⋅ Lx = 40312.278 kN ⋅ cm Myd ≔ 1.4 Myk = 56437.189 kN ⋅ cm
2

Myd
Asy ≔ ――――= 23.815 cm 2
0.85 dy ⋅ fyd

π ⋅ ϕy 2 Asy Lx - 8 cm - ϕy
ϕy ≔ 12.5 mm Aϕ ≔ ――― n ≔ ―― = 19.406 sx ≔ ――――― = 15.303 cm
4 Aϕ 19
20 ϕ 12.5 mm c/ 15 cm

3. Verificação da biela comprimida junto a ligação pilar-sapata

u ≔ 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝hx + hy⎞⎠ = 240 cm Fsd ≔ 1.4 ⋅ Nk = 2240 kN

fck
d ≔ min ⎛⎝dx , dy⎞⎠ = 64.125 cm αv ≔ 1 - ―――― = 0.9
250 MPa

Fsd kN kN
τsd ≔ ―― = 0.146 ―― τrd2 ≔ 0.27 ⋅ αv ⋅ fcd = 0.434 ―― OK!
u⋅d cm 2 cm 2