Volume 3 Nomor 2, Agustus 2023 P ISSN : 2807-5714

E ISSN : 2807-4025

http://journal.upgris.ac.id/index.php/wp

AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN THE SOUNDTRACKS OF

THE GREATEST SHOWMAN : A MILLION DREAMS

Avikha Putri Dimela 1)

DOI : 10.26877/wp.v3i2.12136
1
Faculty of Language and Arts Education , Universitas PGRI Semarang

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the types of figurative language and analyze the contextual
meaning of the figurative language used in the soundtrack of Showman A Million Dreams. This thesis
uses a qualitative descriptive method. The source of the research data used is the lyrics in the Greatest
Showman Soundtrack: A Million Dreams. The data collection method used selected songs from the
soundtrack of the film The Greatest Showman: A Million Dreams. The collected data was then classified
according to the differences, presented in the form of a table and found the types of figurative language
and the metaphorical meaning of each song. Based on the analysis in this thesis, found 7 figurative
language styles out of 53 which have been interpreted from 21 lyrics of the song A Million Dreams. The
seven types are imagery, personification, symbol, paradox, hyperbole, repetition, and metaphor. The
researcher found that from 53 figurative types, 18 types are imagery, 4 types are personification, 14
types are symbols, 2 types are paradoxes, 6 types are hyperbole, 8 types are repetition and 1 type includes
metaphor. The researcher also draws the conclusion that literary creation does not only consist of
entertainment purposes, but also moral values and educational essence that are very useful for English
language learners such as virtue values and figurative language.

Keywords: soundtrack, figurative language, contextual

History Article How to Cite

Received 22 Juni 2022 Dimela, A, P. (2023). An Analysisof Figuratve
Approved 29 Juni 2022 Language in The Soundtracks of The Greatest
Published 28 Agustus 2023 Showman: A Million Dreams. Wawasan
Pendidikan, 3(2), 533-543.

______________________________________________________________________________
Coressponding Author:
Jl. Dr Cipto No. 354A, Semarang, Indonesia.
E-mail: [email protected]

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INTRODUCTION
The status quo of metaphors nowadays are very commonly used by a group of social media
user. It means metaphors are not only for literature purpose, but sometimes it was used as a daily
conversation by some people. For example, person A is angry to a person B, in order to scold a
person B, person A used metaphor (implicit) speech to prevent the harsh words. They used Literal
meaning or non-literal meaning is important to be learned when studying language. Furthermore,
if the person is a language and prose student. This leads the researcher to propose a research about
figurative language because the researcher wants to understand further about the meaning of a
speech. This research will also leaning further on theory from a journal by Colston Herbert (2015)
“Using Figurative Language” because the researcher have the idea to do this research based on
that book.
Figurative language has been widely examined by linguist in the study of literature in recent
years. It is because figurative language has been essence of style and beauty. Figurative language
often provides a more effective means of saying what we mean than direct statement. Colston
Herbert (2015) ever studied and answered a question why people just don’t say what they want to
say? Why they must hid the meaning? Later on, in his book (Using Figurative Language) he
explained that because of the fact that language takes place between highly social beings with
multiple other interaction systems connecting people is crucial. Not only do people converse, but
they also emote, empathize, love, hate, dismiss, resist, align, cleave, attract, and repel among one
another. In their study stated that a related tendency in research on figurative language has been
noted as the difficulty in making a principled distinction between literal and figurative language in
terms of meanings. Literal and figurative language represent different ends of a continued meaning.
This statemenyt is considered useful in recognizing that some instances of figurative language,
such as novel, song lyrics, and poetic metaphor have deep intrinsic meanings in each selection of
dictions. In other words, people use figurative language because of the social aspect and social
paradigm that they believed to express their emotional feelings in their creation such as novels,
song lyrics and poetic metaphors.
One live in community, one must respect other. To convey such sensitive speech they need
to be as polite as possible. Thus, we need figurative language to speak it. Moreover, this social
aspect of language accords many more concerns for researchers wishing to explain figurative
language use and comprehension because talk between people is not just a means of information
exchange between interlocutors. In the specific sense, figurative language may take the form of
figures of speech. Figurative language is used in in any form of communication, such as in daily
conversation, articles in newspaper, advertisement, novels, poem, even in song lyrics itself.
As far as we know that song is a part of literature. According to literature is a term to
explain written texts that being marked by features such as creative metaphors, well turned
phrases, elegant syntax, rhyme, alliteration, which are aesthetically oriented by the author to be read
and are deliberately somewhat open to interpretation. In other words, song is a written text that
called lyrics in which they are made to be read aesthetically and openly interpreted as what the

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listener felt. Song as a piece of music with words (lyrics) that are sung by singer has a function
to express the thoughts and feeling. Song has two elements, such as lyrics and music.
As the connection of figurative language and song itself is the examples of Hyperbole
from the reader. Hyperbole can help the writer to get their point across so that the reader or
listener understand the emotion, seriousness or humor of the situation. For example The Heart of
Darkness by Joseph Conrad in “I had to wait in the station for ten days an eternity”. Conrad
hyperbole the phrases of “I had to wait for an eternity” when in fact he do not wait for such a
long time but it feels “so long” when he used that hyperbole to express that he had been missing
the person so much. Rather than saying “I miss you” which is so simple and direct, he used the
hyperbole of waiting for an eternity as replacement. Thus, can be interpreted as hyperbole in
figurative language. As Gibs (1994) mentioned before, that literal meanings may vary along
numerous dimensions, depending in part on what aspects of literality are being emphasized and
expressed as the part of figurative languages which is being used in the literacy creations.
In conclusion, may people appreciate figurative language because every human being is not
the same in showing their true intention, their heart. People can emphasize and express their true
intentions and feelings through figurative language. Therefore, in this research, the writer will
choose a song lyric to discover the figurative language and what it’s meaning behind. The title of
the research is going to be An Analysis of Figurative Language in The Soundtracks of The Greatest
Show Man : A Million Dreams. The objective of study is to identify the types of figurative language
found in a Showman soundtrack A Million Dreams, and to analyze and describe tye contextual
meaning of thr figurative language usend in a Showman soundtrack A Million Dreams.

METHODS
This research is a qualitative research. To examine the completion of the final project, the
author going to solve the problem by means of research design, research instruments, data sources,
data collection, and data analysis. The study aims to understand the object of research in finding
types of figurative language and to know the meaning of the metaphors in the selected songs of
The Greatest Showman. Descriptive method will be applied in presenting the results of the analysis
then the researcher analyzing the data and describe it. The data source in this research taken from
the soundtrack of The Greatest Showman: A Million Dreams which has been released.
The types of the research is qualitative research that has set on to the analysis of the textual
data because the design (which is qualitative design) refers to the definition, meaning, and
description. The researcher analyze the types of the figurative language in a Greatest Showman
Soundtrack: A Million Dreams. In analyzing some of the data, the researcher needs to find some
sources that related to the research and in which that can be the support point of this research. The
objectives of the research are finding the types of figurative language and the actual meaning in a
Greatest Showman Soundtrack: A Million Dreams text lyrics. In this study, the source of the data
research are the object in which the data obtained. The source of the data in this study is the lyrics
in a Greatest Showman Soundtrack: A Million.
Dreams.

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In this research, the researcher had a role as an observer, a data collector and a data
analyzer. The researcher collected the data from the lyric in a Greatest Showman Soundtrack: A
Million Dreams. And then the researcher do the observation, and do the library research. And then,
the researcher analyze the data then interpret it.
The collection in this data uses selected songs from the soundtrack of the film The Greatest
Showman: A Million Dreams. According to the writer this song is very popular and has many
implied meanings. Figurative language that contains words, phrases, and sentences then finding
the meaning from the song. The writer classifying the differences in tabular form in finding the
types of figurative language and finding the metaphor meaning of each songs.
After the researcher found the source of data, the researcher identifying the types of
figurative language and analyze it. By finding the meaning in figurative language, the researcher
draw conclusion in each finding.

FINDING AND DISCUSSION

The researcher presents the research findings and discussions based on the analysis of the
data through qualitative analysis To answer the objectives of the study, the researcher divided it into
2 sections. First is to identify the types of figurative language found in a Showman soundtrack A
Million Dreams. Second is to analyze and describe the contextual meaning of the figurative
language used in a Showman soundtrack A Million Dreams. They were presented in as follows:

Diagram 1.1

Diagram 1 Figurative language interpretation

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Table 1 Figurative language analysis

No. Lyrics line Types of figurative
language
1. I close my eyes and I can see Imagery, Paradox
2. The world that’s waiting up for me Personification
3. The world Symbol
4. I call my own Personification
5. Through the dark, through the door Imagery, Symbol, Repetition
6. Where no one’s been before Hyperbole
7. They can say, they can say it all sounds Repetitions, Imagery
crazy
8. They can say, they can say it all I’ve lost Repetitions, Imagery
my mind
9. I don’t care I don’t care so call me crazy Repetitions, Imagery
10. We can live in a world that we design Imagery, symbol
11. Cause every night I lie in bed Imagery
12. The brightest color fill my head Personification
13. A million dreams are keeping me alive Imagery, hyperbole
14. Keeping me alive Personification
15. I think of what the world could be a Metaphor, imagery, symbol
vision of the one I see
16. A million dreams it’s all it’s gonna take Hyperbole, symbol,
personification
17. A million dreams for the world we gonna Hyperbole, symbol, imagery
make
18. There’s a house we can build Symbol, imagery
19. The special things I compile each one Symbol, imagery
there to make you smile on a rainy day
20. They can say , they can say Imagery
21. We’ve lost our mind Repetitions, Hyperbole
22. I don’t care, I don’t care if they call us Imagery, Repetition
crazy
23. Runaway to a world that we design Imagery, symbol
24. However big, however small, let me be Symbol, repetition
part of it all
25. Share your dreams with me Symbol
26. You may be right you may be wrong Repetition
27. But say that you’ll bring along to the Imagery, symbol
world you see
28. To the world I closed my eyes to see Imagery, symbol, hyperbole
29. I closed my eyes Paradox

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From the diagram above, the researcher stated that 34% of the figurative language types
are imageries which consist of 18 types from 53 findings, 8% of personification of 4 types
from 53 types, 26% are symbols including 14 types that has been discovered, hyperboles with
11% average from 6 to 53 types of figuration language, 4% from 2 of 53 types are paradox,
15% from 8 to 53 types are repetitions and 2% from 1 types of figurative language is metaphor.
From table 1.1 can be interpreted that each lyrics line can contain more than 1 figurative
language. For the detail explanations, in the first, second and twenty first line consists of four
figurative types, for the eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, fifteenth and twentieth line, there
are three figurative types that has been discovered by the researcher. Not only three or four
figurative language types in one line, but in one line also can be discovered two or one
figurative type. For the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, twelfth, thirteenth, sixteenth and
seventeenth, the researcher found there are two types of figurative languages while in the
nineteenth line, the researcher only finds one type of figurative language which is symbol type.
To summarize from the most to the least frequency of figurative sentence are imageries,
symbols, repetitions, hyperboles, personifications, paradoxes and metaphor. The most common
figurative language is imageries, as we can see there a lot of the lyrics which focus
on describing the author’s imagination and ideas through the creation. Imagery type allows the
people to create direct description from the song based on the utterance that has been chosen
as the song lyrics. The researcher found many utterances of the song lyrics that strongly
give broad purpose of the imagination from the lyrics. As we can see from the line lyrics such
as “I close my eyes”, “through the dark, through the door”, “we can live in the world”, “every
night I lie…”, “I think of…”, “Every room inside is filled…”, “The special things…”,
“Runaway to a world ….”, “you’ll bring me along” and “ To the world…..”. These
utterance shows the broad explanation of the author of how the author wants to bring the
viewers or the listener to understand the clear imagery of the song meanings. These utterances
also make the listener imagine of how are the flows of the song true meaning could be created
based on the imagery type of figurative sentences that is found on those lyrics. In those
utterance, imaginary type brings easy trigger to the listener to imagine about those
song lyrics on their mind.
The second figurative type is symbols, the use of indirect meaning to utter the true
purpose itself are commonly high in the findings, from fifty three figurative types which has been
interpreted, fourteen types are symbols. Symbol or symbolization is secondly most common
figurative types that has been implemented on the A millions dream lyrics. Some symbols that
the researcher found along the song lyrics are “the world”, “the door” in the second line,
“brightest color”, “million dreams”, “house”, “every room inside”, “special things”, and “your
dreams”. The world as the parts of some lyrics can symbolize the life which someone desired
about it, it can also be the purpose of someone life goals, “the door” can be replacement of the
way to get the dreams to become true. The author of the song describes the brightest color as the
wonderful ideas of thinking through hard difficulties in the life. The researcher also interpreted
that “a million dreams” refers to the anything that can be done through our long live. The
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utterance “house” refers to something or someone that can be the best place to vent on. The part
of “every rooms inside” interpreted as the substitute of the memories of moments that can
be kept in the mind. Based on symbol figurative style, “special things” is referring to the special
effort of someone toward someone as the proof of the hard works and sincerity that had been
accomplished. Then, the part of lyrics “your dreams” symbolize the purpose of live from
someone that can be full filled if it’s together.
The third most discovered figurative type is repetition. Repetition lyrics also had been
implemented in the lyrics song. 8 types of repetition have been discovered in the song. Repetition
is commonly used to strengthen the direct meaning of the lyrics. For example, in the most
commonly appear lyrics “they can say, they can say”. This utterance strengthens “they” as the
subject who will judge the action from the indirect meaning of the song itself. Because of
the three dominances of the figurative language, some of lines from the lyrics has more than
three figurative language types for example the first line and the second line.
The least figurative types that the researcher discovered are hyperbole, paradox,
personification and metaphor. 11% of discovery reveals 6 from 53 types of hyperbole. Such as
“a million dreams are keeping me awake” and “A million dreams is all gonna take”. Both
of these lyrics contains hyperboles and personification. The figurative type of personification
is showed on how the million dreams will keep someone awake, as if the million dreams is a
human who can accompany person to keep awake by talking, hence also how the million
dreams can take everything from someone as if the million dreams have pair of hands. The
hyperbole type is on the “million” dreams as the part of the song lyrics in a line. The researcher
interpreted “million” as the hyperbole because using phrase “dreams” with s as the plural
addition is enough to create sense which is someone has many dreams. In terms of making the
lyrics song sound more wonderful and dreamier, the author add “million” as the sign that the
dream which is described is categorize of something that people can count because it is
“million” dreams. Clearly, the author of the song chooses hyperbole type to boost the inner
meaning to make it sounds more wonderful for the people.
The two least discovered figurative language type which only found 1 and 2 from 53
types are paradox and metaphor. Paradox figurative sentence is currently used to contradict
two contrasting statements on the one line. “I close my eyes and I can see the world” and “The
world I close my eyes to see” are the interpretation from the researcher as the paradox. The
researcher stated that these two lines are paradox, caused by the opposite sense that is
performed by these two lyrics. Normally, when people close their eyes, nothing can be seen, in
the other words these two contradict statements followed by the actions (close their eyes)
create opposite things but shows the greatest interest of how can people see something, when
their eyes are closed. But, the explicit meaning of these lyrics is how someone can see their life
goals or purpose by imagining them while closing their eyes. This is how paradox figurative
language plays the role as the style that can make two opposite utterances become more dramatic
and trigger the emotions and the visualizations itself.
Imagery the researcher identify 18 types from 53 types that has been found are imageries.
There are some lyrics that used imagery as the figurative language type, the first line of the song
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lyrics, the song lyrics “I close my eyes and I can see” shows that the listener or the singer imagine
that the listener or the singer will close the eyes and probably can see something when
the listener or the singer close their eyes. This is the kind of actual imagery that shows by the
lyrics. “Through the dark, through the door”, the next lyrics show the interpretation of the
imagination after the listener or the singer close their eyes. It shows that the imagination start
when the listener or the singer close their eyes and see the darkness after entering the door as
the condition of their imagination. “They can say, they can say it all sounds crazy”, “They
can say, they can say it all I’ve lost my mind”, “I don’t care I don’t care so call me crazy”, from
the third lyrics here, the description of the lyrics conquer that many people will judge and
prejudice the listener or the singer dreams or imagination to the side that people will say that the
listener or the singer crazy.
Personification Based on the data, there are four types of personification. The first type
is in the first line and the seventh line of lyrics. The first line of the lyrics stated that “the world
that’s waiting up for me that I call my own”, in this line clearly said that the world as the noun
here, will waiting up for the interpreter. This is the sign of the personification type which can
make noun as the object will likely do something such as waiting. Normally, subject that can
wait is a person. The sign of the second personification is in the seventh line which says “The
brightest color fill my head”, the lyrics stated that the brightest color will fill the interpreter’s
head. As we can know, brightest color is the part of the noun but, it described that the brightest
color can fill a person’s head which is called the sign of noun act.
Then the third and the fourth’s personifications have been founded in the “million dreams
are keeping me alive” and “A million dreams it’s all it’s gonna make” in the eighth and the tenth
line. Both line refer to the noun which stated as “dream” that can keeping me alive and gonna
make. In these both lines, the dream can performs acts likely as human doing something for
good’s sake.
The researcher have been identify 14 types of symbolization in the A Million Dreams
lyrics from 53 total figurative types findings. Those 14 types of symbols are “the world” in the
first line, “the dark, the door” from the second line, “the world” in the sixth line, “vision” from
the ninth line, “A million dreams” from the tenth line and the eleventh line, “a house” in the
twelfth line, “things” in the thirteenth line, “rainy day” in the fourteenth line, “the world” in the
seventeenth symbol, “however big, however small” in the eighteenth line, “dreams” in the nineth
line, “the world” in the seventienth line and “the world” in the twenty first line.
Paradoks in general inferences, Paradox is a figure speech which has two facts that are
showing the , boton the reseracher’s investigation, the researcher found two types of paradoxs.
The first type is in the first line which is “I close my eyes and I can see the world”, from the act
of closing eyes there are several inferences of the first paradox. In the lyric, it has mentioned that
the interpreter is likely closing the eyes. Normally people with closed eyes can’t see anything.
But, in this context when we closed the eyes we could see the world. Barely know, most of views
can be only seen through open eyes. This is the contradictory based on the act and the reality.

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The second paradox’s figurative speech has been found in the twenty first line of the
lyrics which stated as “To the world I closed my eyes to see”. Basically, the inference of the
last lyrics contains the same meaning and contradictory as the first paradox style. But, the
structure of the lyrics is the opposite placement. To conclude, both of the paradoxes figurative
speech that has found by the researcher implies to the act of contradictory of the closing eyes to
see something in the factual context.
Hyperbole based on the diagram that has been created by the researcher, 11% of the
figurative speech findings are hyperboles. There are six lyrics that contains hyperbole
figurative speech. “Where no one’s been before” from the second line, “A million dreams are
keeping me alive” in the eight line, “A million dreams it’s all it’s gonna make” in the tenth
line, “A million dreams for the world we gonna make”, in the eleventh line, “we’ve lost our
mind” in the fifteenth line and “To the world I closed my eyes to see” in the last lyrics are
categorized as hyperboles figurative speech that has been analyzed by the researcher.
Repetitions from the analysis, the researcher inferred that there are eight repetitions of the
figurative language from the greatest snowman soundtrack “A million dreams”. Repetition is
the figurative language style which makes the repetition phrase to make strong impression on
the inferential meanings. Repetitions on the A million dreams’ song lyrics started from the
second line “Through the dark, through the door through “, in the third and the fourth lyrics
line “ They can say, they can say it all sounds crazy” and “They can say, they can say it all I’ve
lost my mind”, then continued in the fifth line “I don’t care I don’t care so call me crazy” next
are in the fifteenth and the sixteenth lines which are “They can say , they can say we’ve lost
our mind” and “I don’t care, I don’t care if they call us crazy”, after that followed by repetition
in the eighteenth and twentieth lyrics such as “However big, however small” and “You may be
right you may be wrong”.
Metaphor truthfully, through the deep analysis the researcher only found one type of
metaphor during the research. The metaphor figurative language has been found in the ninth
line of the song lyrics which is written as “I think of what the world could be a vision of the
one I see”. The main goal of metaphor is to create logical comparison between literatures
attribute. From the ninth line, the researcher found that the author of the song already make
logical comparison between the world that the author has been imagine and the vision of life.
The ninth lyrics implies that the world that the author imagines in the dreams can be the vision
of the author’s life goals. To conclude, the author create comparison in order to explain to the
interpreter that the world that comes from dreams imagination can be the aims of lifetime.

CONCLUSION
On the basis of the above discussion, we may come to the conclusion. Based on
research findings and discussion, The research finding were divided into two sections based on
the objective of the research, (1) To identify the types of figurative language found in a
Showman soundtrack A Million Dreams. (2) To analyze and describe the contextual meaning
of the figurative language used in a Showman soundtrack A Million Dreams.

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The result of data finding on the first section were divided into two parts thus are the
figurative language found based on diagram 1.1 and the figurative language found on the table
1.1. The researcher found that there are 7 types of figurative language from 53 that have been
interpreted from 21 lyrics of A million dreams, soundtrack from the greatest showman movie.
Those seven types are imagery, personification, symbol, paradox, hyperbole, repetition and
metaphor. The researcher discovered that from 53 figurative types, 18 types are imageries, 4
types are personifications, 14 types are symbols, 2 types are paradoxs, 6 types are hyperboles,
8 types are repetitions and 1 type belongs to metaphor.
The result of the data finding on the second section were analyzing and describing the
contextual meaning of the figurative language used in a Showman soundtrack A Million Dreams.
For example, as we can see from the line lyrics such as “I close my eyes”, “through the dark ,
through the door”, “we can live in the world”, “every night I lie…”, “I think of…”, “Every
room inside is filled…”, “The special things…”, “Runaway to a world ….”, “you’ll bring me
along” and “ To the world…..”. These utterance shows the broad explanation of the author of
how the author wants to bring the viewers or the listener to understand the clear imagery of the
song meanings. These utterances also make the listener imagine of how are the flows of the song
true meaning could be created based on the imagery type of figurative sentences that is found on
those lyrics. In those utterance, imaginary type brings easy trigger to the listener to imagine about
those song lyrics on their mind.
The researcher also draw a conclusion that literary creation do consist of entertainment
aims, but also moral value and educative essence which is very useful for the English language
learners such as virtues value and figurative languages. In A Million Dreams Song, English
learners can understand seven types of figurative languages such as Imagery, Personification,
Symbol, Paradox, Hyperbole, Repetition and Metaphor also two virtue values which are
profitable as the moral motivation to their long life journey, as the entertainment and can be
inspiration in the life. By knowing various figurative language types, the learner can deeply
understanding both implicit and explicit true meaning of Million Dreams songs, being inspired
by the song and getting more knowledge about literary elements which could not be easily found
in any general English textbook, furthermore the learners can create and criticize the relationship
between the utterance and the context to know or interpreter the meanings form the song
lyrics.

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