A REPORT ON

Organization Attachment Programme Report

for

DP TradeKING Private Limited

Submitted to

CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE

AND TECHNOLOGY (CHARUSAT)
FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES (FMS)
INDUKAKA IPCOWALA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT (I IM) 2

Prepared by
Vraj Vipulbhai Patel
ID No.: 20BBA143
BBA Second Year

Under the Guidance of

Dr. Archana Sarkar
Assistant Professor

INDUKAKA IPCOWALA INSTITUTE OF

MANAGEMENT (IIIM) CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (CHARUSAT) AT. & PO.
CHANGA – 388 421 TA: PETLAD DIST. ANAND,
GUJARAT

July 2022
 Declaration

I, Vraj Vipulbhai Patel a student of Bachelor of Business Administration of INDUKAKA

IPCOWALA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT hereby declare that the report on
Organisation Attachment Programme and project entitled on “Equity as an Important Asset
Class” is the result of my own work carried out by me in the partial fulfilment of BBA
program. I have also acknowledged the other works/ publications cited in the report.

Name: Vraj Vipulbhai Patel (20BBA143)

Date: 05/07/2022
Place: Charusat University, Changa.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I was placed at DP TradeKING Private Limited for training purpose it has been a pleasure
and honour to work at such a great organization. I am highly thankful to the management
of DP TradeKING Private Limited and to all of them who have directly or indirectly helped
in this project. My first word of gratitude is due to Mr. Bhavik Patel my corporate guide,
for his kind help and support and his valuable guidance throughout my project. I am
thankful to him for providing me with necessary insights and helping me out at every single
step. I am also thankful to all the employees of organization of staff as well as
Production Department who given me desirable guidance when it’s required.

I am highly thankful to Dr. Bhaskar Pandya, Dean of Institute “Indukaka Ipcowala

Institute of Management” from where I got an opportunity to acquire the training from
DP TradeKING Private Limited

I would like to thanks my faculty guide Prof. Dr. Archana Sarkar for providing best
support and guidance for project as well as also I would like to thanks to my professors for
providing me needed information and help during my project work.
Certificate of Completion
 Part 1

ORGANISATIONAL PROFILE
 Table of Contents

Part 1 Organizational Profile

INDUSTRY OVERVIEW.....................................................................................................................1
Vision And Values..............................................................................................................................1
Dream................................................................................................................................................1
Mission..............................................................................................................................................1
Vision.................................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................2
Services Offered by Company.........................................................................................................2
A. INVESTMENT SERVICES.................................................................................................................3
B. WEALTH MANAGEMENT...............................................................................................................3
C. E- GOVERNANCE............................................................................................................................3
D. INSURANCE...................................................................................................................................3
Investing Options...........................................................................................................................4
IPO.....................................................................................................................................................4
Equity & Derivatives..........................................................................................................................4
Currency............................................................................................................................................4
Mutual Funds.....................................................................................................................................5
Fixed Income Proucts........................................................................................................................5
Sovereign Gold Bonds........................................................................................................................6
Exchange Traded Funds.....................................................................................................................6
PMS...................................................................................................................................................7
NPS (National Pension System).........................................................................................................7
Depository Services...........................................................................................................................8
Unclaimed Assets Recovery...............................................................................................................8
Associations of Company................................................................................................................9
Figure 3: Achievements of Company.............................................................................................10
Assurance By Company...................................................................................................................11
The Company does not charge anything for:...................................................................................11
The Company charge lesser in :.......................................................................................................11
Trading Platforms: CTCL, IBT and STWT.........................................................................................15
DP TradeKING Platforms...............................................................................................................16
Trading Platform - DP TRADE Touch..............................................................................................16
WealthEVATOR (Powered by DP TradeKING)................................................................................17
Services offered by WealthEVATOR..............................................................................................18
PART 2 - RESEARCH STUDY...........................................................................................................19
TOPIC: A STUDY ON EQUITY AS AN IMPORTANT ASSET CLASS.......................................................20
What Is an Asset Class?................................................................................................................20
Why Are Asset Classes Useful?.....................................................................................................20
Equity as an Asset Class................................................................................................................21
Types of Equity...............................................................................................................................21
What Is Private Equity?....................................................................................................................24
Private Equity Risk and Return.........................................................................................................25
Advantages of Investing in Equities...............................................................................................25
Other Significant Advantages..........................................................................................................26
Disadvantages of Investing in Equities..........................................................................................27
LITERATURE REVIEW.....................................................................................................................28
Abstract...........................................................................................................................................28
Objectives of Research Study........................................................................................................31
Methodology................................................................................................................................32
Data Analysis................................................................................................................................33
Cross Tabulation...........................................................................................................................42
Inferential Analysis.......................................................................................................................44
Findings........................................................................................................................................45
Conclusion....................................................................................................................................46
References...................................................................................................................................47
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Project is entitled on “A Study on Perception of People Towards Equity Stocks”The

report is divided into two parts.

First part includes the organisational study which includes services provided by the company
which includes Investment Services, Wealth Management, Insurance, E- Governance, Mutual
Funds. It also includes the Achievements of Company, Associations of the Company,
Assurance of the Company, Annual Maintenance Charges of the Company, WealthEVATOR
which is the application provided by the Company to access Mutual Fund Investments & its
services are also included in the first part.

Second part includes the research study about the research on the topic “Equity as an
important Asset Class”.

It includes the overview of Equity as an asset class, the importance of Equity as an asset
class, the pros & cons of investing in Equity Assets. Further it includes the literature reviews
of different researchers on the topic of research. It also includes the perception of people
towards Equity Stocks, which includes the awareness, whether they invest in Equity Stocks
or not, method of investing, source, their satisfaction level of investing in stocks. Next
portion covers the Chi Square test that was executed between Age & Awareness of Equity
Stocks. It was concluded that Age & Awareness of Equity Stocks are independent to each
other.
 Figure Index

Figure No. Figure Name Page no.

1 Entities under which company is registered 2

2 Founders and Pillars of DP TradeKING 5

3 Achievements of Company 6

4 Annual Maintenance of Company 8

5 Organisational Chart of Company 10

6 WealthEVATOR Logo 12
 Table Index

Table Table Name Page No.

No.

1 Services Offered by Company 3

2 Designation / Position for Permanent Employee 9

3 Cross Tabulation between Occupation & Purpose of 41

Investment

4 Cross Tabulation between Age & Awareness of Equity Stocks. 42

5 Cross Tabulation between Gender & Method of Investing 43

6 Actual Value 44

7 Expected Value 44
 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

The company kick-started operations on the 23rd of April, 2017 with the goal of EMPOWERING dreams
of thousands of Investors to get FINANCIAL FREEDOM and providing best of our services in terms of
cost, support, and technology. With a combined experience of more than 100 years, TEAM DP
TradeKING is providing offline and online services to their valuable customers. DP TradeKING is an
ISO 9001:2005 Certified Company and Regulatory Compliant Stock Broker. We provide Interoperability
and Best Price Execution Facility among stock exchanges. Thousands of investors placing order through
powerful ecosystem of investment platforms i.e., DP Trade Pro, DP Trade Touch and CTCL. We have
made Mutual Fund Investments Smooth, Simple, Rapid and Protected through WealthEVATOR. It helps
to elevate the journey of wealth and define different goal to different SIP Investments. In addition, we run
a number of popular open offline and online educational and community initiatives to empower retail
traders, investors, students and professional group of peoples.

The wide range of products touches investors in every aspects of investing includes IPO & NFO, Equity,
Derivatives, Currency, Commodities, Securities Landing and Borrowings, Index Long Term Strategy,
Mutual Funds, Stock SIP, Fixed Income Products, Depository Services, Exchange Traded Funds,
Corporate Fixed Deposits, Unclaimed Assets and Insurance.

Awarded as BEST EMERGING DEPOSITORY PARTICIPANT, BEST PERFORMER IN ACCOUNT

GROWTH RATE (RISING DPS), TOP PERFORMER IN ACTIVE ACCOUNTS (RISING DPS) by
National Securities Depository Ltd. Mumbai.

Vision And Values

Dream

To be a pioneer in multi‐tasking organization

Mission

To remain competitively superior in all the endeavours, by providing extensive range of products and
services under a sole roof with an aspiration of providing real value for money to our customers

Vision

To work towards the enhancement of our customer's prosperity with the excellence of technological
advancements and by creating a healthy Business Environm

1
 INTRODUCTION

DP TradeKING Private Limited is an Indian Stock Brokerage firm established in 2016. They are
Financial & Advisory service provider, who brings the best tailor-made solutions based on need of
customers. The Company caters expertise to non-institutional(s) in their journey from savings to
investment. The company is registered entity of SEBI, member of NSE, BSE, depository participant of
NSDL, member of AMFI, & registered agent of Life Health & General Insurance. .

Services Offered by Company

Investment Services

Wealth Management

E- Governance

Insurance

2
A. INVESTMENT SERVICES

The following services are provided by company under investment services;

1. Equity
2. Equity Derivatives
3. Currency Derivatives
4. Commodity Derivatives
5. Depository Services
6. Securities Lending & Borrowings
7. Corporate Bonds
8. Mutual Funds
9. Initial Public Offering
10. Fixed Income Products

B. WEALTH MANAGEMENT

1. Portfolio Advisory
2. Insurance Planning
3. Goal Based Financial Planning
4. Portfolio Management Sevices
5. Retirement Planning
6. Asset Allocation Planning

C. E- GOVERNANCE

1. PAN Application
2. PAN Correction
3. Tax Deduction Account Number (TAN)
4. e- Returns
5. Annual Info Return (AIR)
6. P2F (Bank Clearing Centre) – NPC

D. INSURANCE

1. Life Insurance
2. Fire Insurance
3. Investment Insurance
4. Automobile Insurance
5. Health Insurance
6. Engineering Insurance
7. Group Insurance
8. Marine Insurance
9. Financial Liability Insurance
10. General Insurance

3
 Investing Options

IPO

An opportunity to invest in the primary market where IPOs are issued at attractive prices which makes it
an investment that offers reasonable returns and acceptable risk. We offers a much simpler, online process
to apply for IPO. All you need to do is enter the bid price, quantity and your UPI ID. Pre-printed ASBA
application forms are available for clients.

Key benefits

1. No refund hassles under UPI (Online) OR ASBA (Offline) process

2. No brokerage while applying for application
3. No other hidden cost

Equity & Derivatives

Investment in equities has many advantages. One of the best avenues for long term wealth creation
whereas derivate helps you leverage on anticipated market movements & acts as a hedging tool to
minimize your risk.

Key benefits

1. Multi segment access with key features like Radar, Charting, Basket Order, Option Payoff
Charting, Option Portfolio, Smart View, Pivot, Point, Real time market movement, Pairs view,
Net obligation view, Reminders etc. are available on your terminal.
2. Use our trusted research to make an informed investment decision in Equity, F&O and Options
3. Our systematic guidance on the stock market along with multiple trading solutions helps you to
get the best returns out of your investments.
4. Offering a complete range of investment products eabling you to offer a ONE STOP SOLUTION
for all the stock market needs of your customers.

Currency

Gone are the days when currency was an exclusive trading instrument for a few financial institutions,
corporates and hedge funds. With greater global interdependence and increase in international trade and
financial awareness, the currency market offers a new avenue for trading. As a trader, currency markets
are a lucrative investment option wherein you can spot opportunities and take advantage of the volatility
arising in global markets.

Key benefits

1. Inter-connection of national economies

2. Low margin, high leverage
3. Hedging of potential losses in business

4
 Mutual Funds

An imminent asset class to diversify your Investments. We offer wide spectrum of investment schemes
from all top mutual fund houses. Secure recurring investments by investing in Systematic Investment
Plan in mutual fund of your choice. Invest wisely with us in Lumpsum & SIP in mutual fund from across
all the fund houses. Mutual Fund Investments made Smooth, Simple, Rapid and Protected by investing
through DP TradeKING’s tech savvy platform i.e. WealthEVATOR.

Key benefits

1. Diversification
2. Minimization of risk
3. Mutual Fund Ready reckoner to help understand funds performance in each category
4. Online & offline transaction facility
5. Disciplined investment approach
6. Dedicated back office software to view clients investment in MF - Download WealthEVATOR
(Powered by DP TradeKING) Mobile App

Fixed Income Proucts

Fixed-income securities provide steady interest income to investors throughout the life of the bond.
Fixed-income securities can also reduce the overall risk in an investment portfolio.

Key benefits

1. Regular Income Stream : Fixed-income securities provide investors with a steady stream of
income
2. Low Market Volatility : Bonds carry very low volatility as compared to the prices of equity or
mutual fund
3. Safety - Principal Protection : Investors benefit by preserving and increasing their invested capital.
4. Portfolio Diversification : Bonds enable efficient portfolio diversification and thus assist in
portfolio riskmitigation.
5. High Priority Claim To Assets : Investors in bonds have a higher priority over common and
preferred stockholders
6. Zero Credit Risk : No default risk while investing in Govt Bonds

5
 Sovereign Gold Bonds

Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme was launched by Govt in November 2015, under Gold Monetisation
Scheme. Under the scheme, the issues are made open for subscription in tranches by RBI in consultation
with GOI. RBI Notifies the terms and conditions for the scheme from time to time. The subscription for
SGB will be open as per following calendar. The rate of SGB will be declare by RBI before every new
tranche by issuing a Press Release.

Key benefits

1. Hassle free : Ownership of gold in Demat form, without any physical possession(No risks and no
cost of storage)
2. Tax treatment : The capital gains tax arising on redemption of SGB to an individual has been
exempted.
3. Tradability : Bonds will be tradable on stock exchanges within a fortnight of the issuance on a
date as notified by the RBI.
4. Valuable collateral : Bonds can be used as collateral to obtain a loan from banks
5. Transferability : Bonds shall be transferable by execution of an Instrument of transfer in
accordance with the provisions of the Government Securities Act.

Exchange Traded Funds

An ETF is a basket of stocks that reflects the composition of an Index, like the Sensex or the Nifty.
ETF prices reflect the net asset value of basket of stocks in which it is investing. In many ways, it is
similar to mutual funds. Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) are actually Index Funds that are listed and
traded on exchanges like stocks and are passively managed. Mutual funds aim to generate alpha by
outperforming a market benchmark, whereas ETFs aim to track the relevant index and replicate it
returns. To invest in ETFs you need to have demat and trading account with DP TradeKING.

Key Benefits:

1. Diversification
2. Trades Like a Stock
3. Lower Fees
4. Immediately Reinvested Dividends
5. Limited Capital Gains Tax
6. Lower Discount or Premium in Price

6
 PMS

Avail the benefits from our multiple portfolio management schemes designed to meet the growing needs
of your HNI customers. The schemes are based on the risk return appetite of your customers. PMS is
aimed at long term investors, focusing on steady returns & PMS focuses on absolute returns in the
market.

Key benefits

1. Disciplined investment decision based on thorough research

2. In-depth independent fundamental research
3. Best opportunities picked on the day of investment
4. Not more than 20% allocated to one sector
5. Identification of undervalued growth stocks

NPS (National Pension System)

The Government of India has initiated and incorporated several schemes and policies for the betterment
of the future and safeguarding the interests of the citizens of India. One such scheme issued by them is
NPS. It is a farsighted government-sponsored pension scheme launched in 2004 for people aged between
the age of 18 to 60 years. It is an intelligent financial security instrument that encourages the subscribers
to invest towards their retirement fund through systematic savings during their term of employment. The
NPS is regulated by the PFRDA and follows transparent investment norms. This scheme offers the
subscribers stable and reasonable returns on their long-term investments.

Key benefits

1. Returns/ Interest : A specific part of the amount invested in one’s NPS is duly invested in the
market in different equities, which does not offer any guaranteed returns.
2. Contribution of Investor - Despite there being no particular upper limit as such, there is still a
fixed requirement of the minimum investment amount. One is required to invest either a minimum
monthly amount of Rs. 500 (Tier I account) or Rs. 250 (Tier II account) at least, or an annual
amount of Rs. 1,000 (Tier I account).
3. Assessment of Risk - As of now, there is a fixed cap of 50% on equity exposure for the national
pension scheme. Owing to this, the ratio of risk and return is stabilized in the investor’s interest.
Thereafter, the corpus is somehow protected against the instability of the equity market.

7
 Depository Services

Depository services are services in which the securities of investors are kept in an electronic form just as
bank keeps all your cash in its account and provides all services related to the transaction of cash,
similarly we help you out in performing the service through a demat account.

Key benefits

1. De-materialize your Shares, Mutual Funds and Commodities in electronic form.

2. Minimum transaction costs.
3. Multiple tariff options as per your choice.
4. Monthly holding and transaction statement.
5. Fast transfers of securities resulting in increased liquidity.
6. SMS Alert facility for debits and credits in your demat account.

Unclaimed Assets Recovery

To serve our valuable clients and prospects on recovery of Unclaimed Assets, we have started Financial
and Legal Department to advise and assist shareholders to reclaim and recovery of their unclaimed assets.
We will work with the aim to trace the rightful investors and assist them or their legal heirs/nominees
who are struggling to undertake the long and arduous process of reclaiming their investments in India
with a ZERO ADVANCE Policy.

Key benefits

1. Recovery of Unclaimed Investments

2. Reclaiming Investment transferred to IEPF
3. Discovering & Recall of Unclaimed Investments
4. Dematerialization of Physical Shares
5. Transmission of Physical Shares to Legal Heirs through Probate & Succession Certificate.

8
 Associations of Company

The Company has associations with:

02 Stock Exchanges
01 Depository
21 Mutual Funds AMCs
08 Life Insurance Companies
11 General Insurance Companies
04 Health Insurance Companies.

Figure 2: Founders and Pillars of DP TradeKING

Source: (Referred from website of company www.dptradeking.com

9
 Figure 3: Achievements of Company

Source: (website of
company)

10
 Assurance By Company

1. 100% Transparent Service

2. Real Time Trade Execution
3. Best in Class Service
4. Customized Solutions as per needs
5. No Cross Selling
6. Trustworthy Advice to Portfolio

The Company does not charge anything for:

1. KYC Modification any time after opening an account

2. IBT and STWT Platform for Online Trading
3. Live Back Office Address to Client to access Information 24*7 *365
4. DP’s e- statement of Holding (SOH) & Ledger as customer requires
5. Annual Statement Short Term & Long-Term Report for Tax Purpose (Trade for DPTK)

The Company charge lesser in :

1. Annual Maintenance Charge Lifetime free (Only one DR Trans. Req. and Option of one time AMC
Charge Payment with no cap of 10 years)
2. DEMAT Charge (Rs. 10/- per Certificate Min. Rs. 25/- per ISIN + Rs. 25/Courier Charge + GST)
3. DEMAT Rejection Only Courier Charge
4. Slip Issuance Charge Rs. 25/- per Slip Book (From 2nd Time Issue + GST
5. Market Sell& Off Market Sell (Within DP) Rs. 15/- per Transaction + GST
6. Market Sell (Outside DP) Rs. 25 / transaction or 0.03%value of transaction whichever is higher + GST
7. SLBM Rollover (No D P charge)
8. Minimum Contract Charge only Rs. 25/-
9. Margin Pledge Charge Only Rs. 20/- Per Script + GST

11
Figure 4: Annual Maintenance Charges Offered by Company

Source: (www.dptradeking.com)

12
 Table 2: Designation / Position for Permanent Employee

Designation Level Grade

Chairman Top Management A
Managing Director Top Management A
Executive Director Top Management A
Director Top Management A
Vice President Sr. Management B
Compliance Officer Sr. Management B
Operational Head Manager C
Branch Manager Manager C
Asst. Manager Manager C
Sr. Executive E–5 D
Executive E–4 E
Executive Trainee E–3 E
Jr. Executive Trainee E–2 E
Casual Employee E–1 F
Sub Staff E–0 F

Source : (Given by Deputy Manager)

13
Figure 5: Organisational chart of Company

Source : (Given by Deputy Manager)

14
 Trading Platforms: CTCL, IBT and STWT

The Company provides Online Trading Platform (CTCL/IBT) called Money Maker where user can have
multiple Tools.

1. Radar
Radar is a real-time price scanner. Intuitive and easy to use with inbuilt scan conditions. Customizable
user interface to suit needs.
2. Charting
Here user can define his own strategy based on indicators and can simulate on real time chart and can
generate the buy/ sell signals.

3. Basket Orders

Integrated baskets like spread, straddle, butterfly, synthetic future etc. Traders can place orders of three
legs of butterfly with single order.

4. Option Payoff Chart

User can analyse his option position or can simulate his proposed position before any actual trading.

5. Option Portfolio

Real time option hedging module.

6. Smart View

Programmable price view where user can programme each and every column and perform
mathematical calculations.

7. Pivot Point
A pivot point is a technical analysis indicator, or calculation which is used to determine the overall trend
of the market over different time frames. The pivot point itself is simply the average of the intraday high
and low, and the closing price from the previous trading day.

8. Real Time Market Movement

In financial markets, real time movement is a reference to the price of a security and the accuracy of
the pricing is crucial to participants of market

15
 DP TradeKING Platforms

DP TradeKING brings you an extensive range of modern and intuitive products and features that are
designed to streamline your trading and investing process. A platform that supports your financial goals,
DP TradeKING has varied products that suit all your needs. Whether you like trading at your desk or on
the move, we have got you covered with our latest technologies which are developed to provide you with
a smooth experience on any device.

Trading Platform - DP TRADE Touch

App based Multi Segment Trading Platform with Market Depth

A smart platform that allows you to trade from your Android and iOS devices at anytime, anywhere, and
without any problems. DP TRADE Touch is a simple but effective integrated solution for mobile traders
from DP TradeKING.

It's for individual clients to trade on several exchanges in multiple sectors. Our trading platform, which is
fully integrated with eIPO and allows single sign-on to the back office reports includes a real-time
dashboard, index-based and user-defined multiple Price views, live market scanners, and other advanced
features.

16
 WealthEVATOR (Powered by DP TradeKING)

Mutual Fund Investments made Smooth, Simple, Rapid and Protected

WealthEVATOR, the online mutual fund platform of DP TradeKING Private Limited (a leading
stockbroker in central Gujarat). At WealthEVATOR, we take pride in offering a smooth and hassle-
free investment experience to individual investors across India. We provide solutions for Mutual Fund
Investments using an online platform tailored to help you accomplish investors’ goals and create
wealth for their future.

Customers can invest via WealthEVATOR in Top Mutual Fund AMCs in India

17
Driven by a determination of assisting our Investors with the Best Options, WealthEVATOR has
partnered with the best-in-business Asset Management Companies in India for your Mutual Fund

Investments. The company enables customers to search, invest, and track your Investments in these
Mutual Fund Houses in an efficient and fast-paced manner. So, elevate your journey of investing and
creating wealth in the top mutual fund schemes across these AMC’s.

www.wealthevator.com

Figure 6. WealthEVATOR App Logo

Source: (www.wealthevator.com)

Services offered by WealthEVATOR

1. Free Investment Account with a Paperless Process in just 5 minutes.

2. Explore & Invest through our tools of the Best Performing Schemes.
3. Online Mutual Fund Investments platform tailored to help you accomplish your
goals Account.
4. Manage, Track and Analyse the Performance of your Investment Portfolio.

18
with a Paperless Process in just 5 minutes

PART 2 - RESEARCH STUDY

19
 TOPIC: A STUDY ON EQUITY AS AN IMPORTANT ASSET CLASS

What Is an Asset Class?

A resource class is a gathering of speculations that show comparative qualities and are dependent upon
similar regulations and guidelines. Resource classes are subsequently comprised of instruments that
frequently act much the same way to each other in the commercial center. Understanding Asset Classes
Basically, a resource class is a gathering of tantamount monetary protections. For instance, IBM, MSFT,
AAPL are a gathering of stocks. Resource classes and resource class classes are frequently combined as
one. There is normally next to no connection and at times a negative relationship, between various
resource classes. This trademark is necessary to the field of money management. By and large, the three
fundamental resource classes have been values (stocks), fixed pay (securities), and money same or
currency market instruments. At present, most venture experts incorporate land, items, fates, other
monetary subordinates, and even cryptographic forms of money in the resource class blend. Speculation
resources incorporate both substantial and elusive instruments which financial backers trade for the
reasons for producing extra pay, on either a short-or a drawn-out premise.

20
 Resource Class Types Values (stocks), securities (fixed-pay protections), cash or attractive protections,
and wares are the most fluid resource classes and, in this manner, the most cited resource classes. There
are additionally elective resource classes, like land, and important stock, like fine art, stamps, and other
tradable collectibles. A few examiners likewise allude to an interest in mutual funds, funding, publicly
supporting, or digital currencies as instances of elective ventures. All things considered; a resource's
illiquidity doesn't address its return potential; It just means it might require greater investment to track
down a purchaser to switch the resource over completely to cash.

Why Are Asset Classes Useful?

Monetary counsellors centre around resource class as a method for assisting financial backers with
expanding their portfolios to boost returns. Putting resources into a few different resource classes
guarantees a specific measure of variety in speculation determinations. Every resource class is supposed
to reflect different gamble and return speculation qualities and perform contrastingly in some random
market climate

Equity as an Asset Class

A value resource class is an entrancing one and has been acquiring prevalence lately. Putting resources
into value means to get involved with a business - when you purchase portions of a firm, you have a
level of possession. The main hitch is that it accompanies a specific measure of hazard. Any business
finds opportunity to develop, and it is liable to advertise vacillations, which can influence the offer cost.

Among value ventures, Equity Linked Savings Scheme (ELSS) is the main duty saving (under segment
80-C) and establishing financial stability plot with the briefest lock-in term of three years. Nonetheless,
value speculations (counting ELSS) function admirably when you contribute for the long run as they
have generally conveyed 16%-18% returns and transcending expansion. Pick an AMC with a
demonstrated record, on the off chance that you are wanting to put resources into values.

At the point when you put resources into values (otherwise called stocks), you get to purchase portions
of an organization i.e., proprietorship in the organization in relation to your speculations. This gives you
the option to decide in favour of significant choices that a recorded organization would take. Moreover,
you are qualified for get profits from the organization's benefit. As the stock cost rises, your venture
appreciates and you get to offer it at a greater cost to stash the benefit.

Value ventures don't guarantee fixed returns and are thusly thought to be unsafe. Nonetheless, it can
possibly yield moderately better yields over the long haul. Stocks have high liquidity and permit you the
adaptability to change over these effectively into cash.

21
Financial backers who have a generally high-risk profile might think about putting resources into stocks
either straightforwardly or through common assets. Moreover, the people who have a drawn out skyline
might put resources into values to make abundance for long haul objectives like retirement.

Institutional players like shared reserves, benefits reserves, EPFO and insurance agency, and financial
exchange brokers put resources into stocks.

For the most part, the word 'Value' is firmly connected with 'Hazard' and it is which is all well and good.
In any case, as a piece of Asset Allocation and Portfolio Diversification, having Equity part in the
portfolio is significant.

Types of Equity

Values are market-connected ventures that don't accompany a confirmation of bearing fixed returns.
Returns on value accordingly rely upon the basic resource's presentation.

Value ventures can be extensively separated into a few classes, each bearing its own arrangement of
dangers and prizes.

Following is a general categorisation of Equity Assets –

1. Shares

The units of halfway proprietorship in an organization are ordinarily known as offers. They are
exchanged by means of assigned stock trades like the Bombay Stock Exchange or National Stock
Exchange (given that they are BSE or NSE value portions of a recorded organization).

The possible gets back from putting resources into offers can be very significant, with their dangers
being similarly high.

2. Equity Mutual Fund Investments

Shared reserves are speculation choices wherein capital from different financial backers is gathered,
pooled in and put resources into different value and obligation instruments. Value common assets are
those choices by which somewhere around 60% of the complete resources are put resources into the
value portions of various organizations.

In view of their market capitalisation, value common assets can be partitioned into the accompanying
classifications.

I. Large -cap value reserves

22
These are assets with venture just in deep rooted huge cap organizations and can possibly give stable
returns at similarly generally safe.

ii. Mid-cap value reserves

These value shared reserves are put resources into the loads of mid-cap organizations. They make for the
most advantageous speculation choices as the gamble reward proportion is even with these assets.

iii. Small- cap value reserves

These are common subsidizes put resources into the portions of organizations that have little market
capitalisation and are relatively more unstable than different classifications of expanded reserves.

iv. Multi-cap reserves

These shared assets accompany the freedom to put resources into various areas and market
capitalizations.

3. Equity Futures

There the financial backers have a commitment of buying or selling the hidden resources at a
foreordained cost and a foreordained rate. Value fates commonly accompany an expiry time of 90 days
and the settlement day is generally the last Thursday of the third month.

4. Equity Options

Value choices are similar to the fates where gatherings included are not legitimately obliged to circle
back to their arrangement.

5. Alternative Investment Funds

People can decide to put resources into value instruments through elective finances which contain
different pooled in speculation supports that basically put resources into mutual funds, funding, oversaw
future, confidential value, and so forth.

Bonds

Maybe the least demanding method for considering bonds is as a credit. They're given by organizations
and legislatures as an approach to fund-raising. Bonds give an ordinary stream of pay (which is
ordinarily a fixed sum paid at standard spans) over a specific timeframe, and vow to return financial
backers their capital on a set date from here on out. Bonds can offer stable returns, and are seen to be
lower risk than values - albeit regularly convey lower returns over the long haul. Putting resources into
fixed interest protections gave by organizations other than those gave or reliable by specific states, opens
you to more serious gamble of default in the reimbursement of the capital gave to the organization or
23
interest instalments because of the asset. The worth of security speculations are delicate to changes in
financing costs.

Cash

A money reserve regularly puts resources into an arrangement of money, transient stores, and intends to
accomplish preferable paces of revenue over bank store accounts. A money venture will in general be
viewed as a lower risk, lower return choice than securities or values. It tends to be a valuable device for
very risk disinclined financial backers or as a brief home for in the middle of between longer term
choices. They expect to accomplish a serious pace of revenue while keeping up with wellbeing and
liquidity for financial backers. Since they by and large proposition lower paces of return, they are less
appropriate for financial backers looking for long haul capital development.

There are various styles of financial planning:

Multi-Asset

Multi-resource reserves contribute across various different resource types which might incorporate
values, securities and money. This provides you with a more prominent level of broadening than putting
resources into a solitary resource class. Differentiating across a wide scope of speculation techniques,
styles, areas and locales can assist pad a periodic shocks that accompany putting resources into a solitary
resource class. It likewise improves the potential for putting resources into a superior performing
resource class, while spreading the gamble of putting resources into lower performing resource classes.
In any case, financial backers ought to recollect that expansion doesn't completely safeguard you from
market risk.

Absolute Return

Lately, numerous financial backers have gone to outright bring supports back. This is an approach to
effective financial planning that expects to create positive returns in all economic situations. It utilizes
venture procedures that can benefit from both the highs and lows in business sectors and offer costs. For
some, outright return financial planning has come to be viewed as a necessary piece of their portfolio. If
it's not too much trouble, note that there are no ensures an outright return asset will accomplish its goa

Things to remember while putting resources into Equity:

1. Have a money growth strategy

2. Make a careful examination

3. Follow appropriate cash the board procedures

4. Hedge portfolio any place fundamental

5. Monitor portfolio at 'regular' stretches

6. Rebalance whole portfolio to keep up with 'wanted' Asset Allocation

24
 What Is Private Equity?

Private equity is an asset class in which capital is invested in private companies in exchange for equity or
ownership. Private companies are not publicly traded or listed on a stock exchange. Public companies can
also be acquired by a private investor – in these circumstances, the public company becomes private and
is de-listed

Private equity capital comes primarily from institutional and accredited investors that either invest
directly in companies, or through funds managed by fund managers. In comparison to public equity
investments, which trade daily, these are long-term and illiquid. Some of the most active investors
are private equity fund of funds managers, pension funds, endowment plans, and family offices.

Definitions of private equity differ. In its broadest sense, the term can include niche strategies such
as venture capital, real estate, infrastructure, and debt transactions. . For the purposes of this lesson,
private equity specifically refers to investments made in companies, as opposed to hard assets such as real
estate or infrastructure.

Private Equity Risk and Return

While private equity has often delivered returns at the higher end of the private capital spectrum, it is also
one of the riskiest private capital strategies, primarily due to the nature of the assets. The equities of
private companies often derive their value from intangibles like brand, customer base, patents, and
distribution channels, which are harder to liquidate in times of difficulty than physical assets such as real
estate, gold, or oil. These physical assets are tangible, easier to value, and usually hold at least residual
value in times of crisis, making them less risky.

Advantages of Investing in Equities

As far as some might be concerned, putting resources into values appears to be an overwhelming
undertaking, while others take to it like fish to water. The vast majority say that they are keen on values
yet come up short on information and are frequently soiled by legends and slanted discernments. Some
even call it a toss of the dice. Such confusions have prompted potential financial backers avoiding a
generally rewarding and logical venture road.

Value, as a resource class, has a drawn-out history of returning expansion beating returns. Putting
resources into values over a long haul can assist with accomplishing long haul monetary objectives. There
are numerous different advantages of putting resources into values. Here we show some of them.

25
1. Potential for Inflation beating Returns over long haul

Putting resources into the securities exchange surely offers you the chance to get long haul capital
appreciation, albeit this accompanies a component of hazard. However, at that point, each resource class
conveys some type of chance.

While past execution isn't an assurance for future returns, throughout the long term, value as a resource
class has given great returns. In any case, by simply putting resources into value, one doesn't get an
assurance of significant yields. You really want to stay patient and continue investigating your portfolio
while keeping up with the drawn-out time skyline.

2. Diversification of Risk

Among shared reserves, a fluid asset is an okay item, while value subsidizes convey a more significant
level of chance. In any case, most expanded value common assets, in light of their speculation objective,
hold scrips of 30-40 individual organizations. Subsequently, when you put resources into a value store,
you naturally accomplish expansion.

For instance, the IDFC Focused Equity Fund, which is an unassuming value conspire, puts resources into
limit of 30 stocks with multi-cap centre.

3. Dividend Income

There specific shared reserve conspires that offer profits. While the sum or recurrence of profits isn't
ensured and is dependent upon accessibility of distributable excess, it can assist financial backers with
extra and discontinuous incomes. Anyway, financial backers should take note of that after pay out of
profit, NAV of the profit choice tumbles to the degree of profit pay out and legal assessments.

4. High Liquidity

Most value interests in shared reserves are fluid. In the event that a need emerges, one can recover assets
in 2-3 working days. Additionally, since value reserves are held as far as units, one can arrange
incomplete reclamations in view of the sum one necessities.

For the most part, there is no leave load in the event that assets are recovered following a time of unit
distribution. You can without much of a stretch recover them on the web and depend on the NAV on the
day subject to remove timings. The cash is paid to the enlisted ledger.

5. Low Capital Requirement

Dissimilar to resource classes like land, bullion, or fixed stores, value shared reserves don't warrant
singular amount sums. One can begin effective financial planning with as little as Rs. 500 per month. The
low limit permits financial backers from all foundations to take part in common assets. With the period of
pre-characterized benefits benefit everything except over, value speculation can produce expansion
changed returns as well as assist you with building a sizeable corpus for fundamental life objectives like
retirement.

6. Ease of speculation

It is easy to Invest in shares. Financial backers can profit the administrations of a stockbroker or monetary
organizer to put through different stock trades in a country. In the event that an individual has set up a
Demat account, he/she can purchase the stocks shortly. In this way, regardless of whether a financial
26
backer decides to contribute by means of NSE or BSE value or the preferences, he/she can partake in the
simplicity of venture.

Other Significant Advantages

1.To acquire significant yields

There are two kinds of profits you get from putting resources into shares — capital appreciation and profit
pay. Putting resources into shares with areas of strength for generally can assist you with procuring a
normal profit pay. Values likewise have a significant yield creating potential to give you a high capital
appreciation in the long haul. For instance, the Sensex has offered CAGR of 15.71%, 11% and 10.96% in
the last 5, 10 and 15 years, separately, while the opportune asset loan fees, which are generally the most
noteworthy among government-supported obligation reserve funds plans, have stayed in the scope of
8.25%-9.5% p.a. over the most recent 15 years.

2. Attractive duty advantage over other resource classes

Putting resources into values additionally offers tax cuts. Long haul capital increases (LTCG) up to Rs 1
lakh from value ventures are charge excluded, while LTCG of far beyond Rs 1 lakh is charged at a 10%
rate. Momentary capital increases (STCG) from value speculations are charged at a 15% rate. Profit from
obligation or gold ventures welcomes higher assessment commitments than values. Assuming you are
searching for a venture that is more assessment proficient than gold, obligation, and so on, you ought to
investigate speculation open doors in values.

3. One can get a credit against offers and value shared reserves

Many individuals are recuperating from a monetary mishap after the Covid-19 pandemic. Thus,
speculation instruments should be fluid to meet all sort of monetary crises. On the off chance that you put
resources into offers or value shared reserves, you can sell them on any exchanging days and get the cash
in your financial balance inside a couple of days. You additionally have another choice if you would
rather not sell your speculations. You can promise your interest in qualified offers or value shared assets
with the bank to get a credit against them. You can reimburse the credit in the future to eliminate the vow.
As a rule, banks permit credits up to half of the qualified offers/value common supports' worth

Disadvantages of Investing in Equities

Despite the fact that value speculations have their reasonable portion of benefits, they likewise bear a
couple of weaknesses. Some of them are as per the following.

1. High market risk

Putting resources into value offers can yield returns yet in addition opens financial backers to high
gamble when contrasted with other venture choices like obligation instruments. A financial backer can
risk losing his/her whole venture corpus by putting resources into value shares.
27
2. Performance-related gambles

Value ventures are market-related instruments, and therefore, probably won't perform as per a financial
backer's assumptions. This is known as execution related risk and can influence individual stocks as well
as stocks across an area or areas.

3. Risk of expansion

An organization's worth can get weakened because of rising expansion and in this manner, its portions
probably won't create likely returns.

4. Liquidity gamble

Because of liquidity risk, financial backers could need to sell their portions at a much lower value than its
honest evaluation. Liquidity risk emerges when an organization can't meet its obligation commitments
temporarily.

5. Risks emerging out of friendly and political changes

On-going social and policy cantered issues in a nation can hamper the development of a business. For
instance, in the event that an administration chooses to advance native organizations, it could confine the
section of unfamiliar business in the country. Assuming a financial backer has put resources into local
organizations, he/she in this situation will benefit from better execution of his/her ventures.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract.

This study was driven by the dissimilar performance characteristics displayed by asset classes over the
business cycle. The authors aim to explore assets classes on the grounds of a scientific literature review
and a statistical analysis. Business cycles are divided into four stages to explore broad movements in
returns of asset classes and a possible existence of asymmetrical effects of determinants within stages. Six
main asset classes were analysed: US stocks, EAFE stocks, Bonds, Gold, Real Estate and Commodities.
Monthly data from February 1976 to August 2011 were used for the study. The article combines business
cycle and asset allocation theories by adding valuable information about performance of asset classes
during different phases of the business cycle. Using the OECD Composite Leading Indicator as a business
cycle measure, the authors demonstrate that different assets classes have different return/risk
characteristics over the business cycle. The article demonstrates how to use the business cycle approach
for investment decision-making. The OECD Composite Leading Indicator can provide significant
information on market expectations and the future outlook; hence, results of this study can help every
investor improve his/her performance and risk management. Keywords: asset classes, asset allocation,
business cycle, OECD Composite.

2. Literature review
28
 The thesis that stock prices mimic rises and falls in the business cycle can be strongly supported. With
few exceptions, research shows that stock prices lead the level of economic activity. This phenomenon
follows from the belief that current stock prices correctly impound expectations of future economic
activity. Moore, for example, shows that 18 of the 23 business cycle peaks (troughs) occurring between
1873 and 1970 are anticipated by the stock market, with an average lead-time of about five to six months.
Moreover, from 1948 through 1970 his research shows 100% of peaks and troughs being correctly
anticipated (1983).
More contemporary research using Granger methods shows bidirectional causality between stock returns
and real economic activity (Tunah 2010; Ali et al. 2010). Adjasi and Biekpe (2006) pointed out that stock
exchanges can provide quick paths to capital acquisition, due to the ease with which securities are traded.
Stock exchange activity therefore plays an important role in helping to determine country’s
macroeconomic condition.
Literature review contains a number of studies that examine stock price changes. Probably one of the
most interesting and important subjects that receives increasingly more attention from economists,
financial investors and policy makers is dynamic effects of macroeconomic indicators on stock prices.
Ibrahim found that macroeconomic forces influence stock prices through their impact on the expected
future cash flows (1999). Mehr noted that the public policy impact 3 Business, Management and
Education, 2012, 10(1): 1–10 on growth can be measured by stock prices (2001).
Chakravarty also stated that stock prices are highly sensitive to key macroeconomic indicators (2005).
Frankel stated that international reserves and real exchange rate overvaluation are the top two indicators
that stood out as useful leading indicators of the current financial crisis (2010). Unlike equities, the
empirical record shows bond prices moving inversely with the business cycle. In large part this fact is due
to the cyclical movement in interest rates and the fixed income nature of bonds. Between 1946 and 1970,
Moore (1983) shows corporate bond yields declining and bond prices rising in all but one contraction.
Thus, with the exception of periods of stagflation in the post-war U.S. economy, the historical record
confirms the business/interest rate cycle moving in reasonably close tandem, such that the business
cycle/bond price relationship is inverse (Borcato, Steed 1998).

Sanjeet Sharma (2011), Determinants of Equity Share Prices in India, Journal of Arts, Science &
Commerce (Vol.1, Issue-4), ISSN 2231-4172:
This study aims at studying the relation between the equity share prices and related variables such as book
value of shares, earnings per share (EPS), dividend per share (DPS) and dividend pay-out etc. The study
reveals that EPS and DPS are the strongest determinants of market price, and therefore the study suggests
a liberal dividend policy as a good measure of attracting the investors, gaining their confidence and
thereby, increasing the valuations of the company. These factors possess a strong explanation to provide
future forecasts of stock prices. They also have suggested that the company data and indices be taken care
of. The conclusion is statistically explained but in the current scenario, where prices are volatile EPS does
not stand to be a major indicator. Moreover, this analysis is possible on the basis of past data as the data
for current years are received at the end. The dividend pay-out shall still be a relevant factor. But in cases
where there are sudden crisis and price shocks, this analysis fails to be accurate. The paper also observes
that in the case of a strong book value per share and a good dividend declaration policy the investors
perceive lesser risk and are more comfortably placed in investing into the equity shares of those
companies.

29
Kajal Gandhi (2015), Retail Investors Participation in Indian Stock Market- A Survey, GJRA - Global
Journal for Research Analysis (Vol.4, Issue-02), ISSN No 2277 - 8160:

Paper findings were based on the survey which has been carried out among five cities-Mumbai, Delhi,
Kolkata, Chennai and Ahmedabad. The respondents of the metro cities are more inclined towards
investing in stock market as they consider it as financial tool but they don't have expertise knowledge or
don't prefer to hire a professional to manage their portfolio due to which they fall prey of losses.
However, people at Tier-II cities like Ahmedabad still consider the traditional investment like gold,
property, gold and bank deposits are their favourite option this is due to narrow minded as there is low
saving habits, low awareness of investment opportunities.

Anju Bala (2013), Indian Stock Market - Review of Literature, TRANS Asian Journal of Marketing
& Management Research (Vol.2, Issue-7), ISSN 2279-0667:
The paper has explained the logistics involved into the working of the stock market and the investors
preferences of selecting stock market as a tool of investment. The paper studies the different asset class
and other financial alternative available to investors covering all age groups depending on their
requirements such as : - NON MARKETABLE FINANCIAL ASSETS (Bank Deposits, Company
Deposits) - EQUITY SHARES (Blue Chips shares, Growth shares) - BONDS (Government Securities,
PSU Bonds) - MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS (Treasury Bills, Certificates of Deposit) - MUTUAL
FUNDS (Balanced Schemes, Debt Schemes) - LIFE INSURANCE (Money back policy, Whole Back
policy) - REAL ESTATE (Agricultural Land, Commercial Property) - PRECIOUS OBJECT (Gold &
Silver) - FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES (Future & Option warrants) It has recommended a list of
measures for the improvement of investor participation into the stock market. It has recommended the
listing of stock prices on multiple stock exchanges to improve liquidity and gain investor confidence. It
has also observed that speculation is widespread into the Indian stock market system and thereby it causes
volatility into the prices of shares. This volatility creates insecurity. It has further observed that investors
use technical analysis and fundamental analysis for selecting their investment into the stock market and
the low cost of operations into the derivatives market has made it a preferred choice of investment

Reena Rai (2014), Factors Affecting Investors’ Decision-Making Behaviour in The Stock Market:
An Analytical Review, Indian Journal of Applied Research (Vol.4, Issue-9), ISSN - 2249-555X:
The paper under study aims to study the factors influencing an investors decision making behaviour on
basis of related studies. It states that the various factors that influence include various demographic
factors such as gender, age, education. It is known that men are more overconfident than women. Age
plays a role on the mindset of the individual and the propensity to take risk. It also explains sometimes,
the precautious attitude and conservatism. On the firm level the decision of the investors depends on
capital structure average pricing, political and media exposure, trend analysis, past performance of
company’s stocks, expected dividend and EPS etc. Finally, it concludes that out of the various factors
affecting behaviour of investors some factors have a slight role while some majorly impact investor
behaviour. The general factors being gender, age, confidence levels, cognitive bias, risk factors,
company’s performance.

30
 Objectives of Research Study

1. To understand different asset class.

2. To gain knowledge of equity as an asset class in detail.
3. To get overview of types of equity asset class.
4. To understand pros & cons of equity asset class.

31
 Methodology

The research articles on stock market liquidity were sourced from the ScienceDirect database, which
provides access to a wide range of articles undertaken in heterogeneous contexts in comparison with
other similar databases. The reason for selecting a single database for article extraction was mainly to
enable comprehensive coverage of a wide range of literary works on the topic from a single source.
The research articles were accessed from the database by using the keyword “market liquidity” and the
time filter of 2009 to 2020. Based on abstract reading, if stock market liquidity is highlighted as the
focal point, then the article was included for review. Finally, a total of 439 articles that were
exclusively based in the area of stock market liquidity were extracted. Furthermore, the content of
these articles was segregated into different categories, namely, Year of Publication, Title of the Paper,
Number of Authors, Country of the Authors, Name of the Publishing Journal, Objectives of the Study,
Liquidity Measures Used, Findings, and Conclusions.

Furthermore, to stimulate refined studies, only 91 pertinent studies were selected based on their key
findings across these categories and were accordingly summarized. On the contrary, the information
about the significant contributions made by the different authors, countries, and journals across 439
research articles has been depicted graphically to facilitate quantitative analysis of the available
literature.

32
 Data Analysis

Title - A study on perception of people towards equity stocks

Gender of Respondents

33
From the above chart it is been observed that out of 59 respondents 57.6% are male. & 42.4% are female
respondents.

From the above chart it is been observed that out of 59 respondents, maximum 54.2& respondents are
students, 27.1% are from service occupation 10.2% are from Business occupation, 4.7% are
Professionals, & least 1.7% are retired ones.

34
From the above chart it is been observed that out of 59 responses, 54.2% respondents earn under 2 lakhs,
37.3% earn between 2 lakhs – 6 lakhs, 5.1% earn between 6 lakhs to 8 lakhs & 3.4% earn above 10 lakhs
annually.

From the above chart it is been observed that out of 59 respondents 94.9 % of people are aware about
equity stocks & 5.1 % are not aware about equity stocks.

35
From the above chart it is been observed that out of 59 respondents 72.9% respondents invest in Equity
Stocks, & 27.1% do not invest in Equity Stocks.

From the above chart it is been observed that out of 59 respondents 58.3% use Mobile Application 25%
visit physically to office, 16.7 % invest through calling.

36
From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents,
62.5% respondents invest in delivery trading, 18.8 % invest in Intraday & 18.8 % invest in Future &
Options.

From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents,

45.8% respondents prefer IT Sector, 39.6% prefer Metal & Mining Sector, 37.5% prefer Banking/
Finance Sector, 33.3% prefer Textile, 31.3% prefer Pharma Sector & 29.2% prefer other sector.

37
From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents,
50% of respondents gained knowledge from Friends & Family, 31.3% gained knowledge from social
media, 14.6% gained knowledge from other source & 4.2% gained knowledge from Magazine

From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents,

70.8% respondents pick stock through Financial Advisor, 16.7% pick through tip from friends & 12.5%
pick through Television

38
From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents,
35.4% of respondents invest to earn high returns, 29.2% invest for future income, 22.9% invest for wealth
creation & 12.5% invest to earn dividend.

39
From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents, 33.3% invest since 1-2 years,
27.1 % invest since more than 5 years, 20.8 % invest since less than 1 year, & 18.8% invest since 3-4
years

From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents,

50% respondents invest in Medium Cap Companies, 29.2% invest in Large Cap Companies & 20.8%
invest in Small Cap Companies.

From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents,

40
50% respondents prefer Medium Term Investment (1- 5 years), 25% prefer Long Term Investment (more
than 5 years) & 25% prefer Short Term Investment (less than 1 year).

From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents, 33.3% of respondents wait for
recovery when market falls, 27.1% prefer to do investment, 25% prefer to average their portfolio &
14.6% exit from market.

41
From the above chart it is been observed that out of 48 respondents, 87.5% of respondents are satisfied
with the returns they got from Equity Stocks & 12.5% are not satisfied with the returns they got from
Equity Stocks.

Cross Tabulation

1. Table 3: Between Occupation & Purpose of Investment

Count of Purpose of
Occupation Investment
Earn High For Future Regular Wealth Grand
Row Labels Returns Income Payout(Dividend) Creation (blank) Total
Business 1 2 1 2 6
Professional 1 2 1 4
Retired 1 1
Service 4 4 2 2 4 16
42
 Student 11 8 3 6 4 32
(blank)
Grand Total 17 14 6 11 11 59

From the above Table it is been observed that out of 59 respondents’ maximum respondents invest
in Equity to earn high returns i.e., 17 and only 6 respondents invest for regular pay-out (Dividend)
which is least preferred. 14 respondents invest for future income, 11 respondents invest for wealth
creation and 11 respondents do not invest in Equity Stocks.

2. Table 4: Between Age & Awareness of Equity Stocks.

Awareness of Equity
Count of Age Stocks
No Yes Grand Total
< 18 years 1 2 3
19 - 35 years 2 43 45
36- 55 years 10 10
>60 years 1 1
Grand Total 3 56 59

From the above Table it is been observed that out of 59 respondents, 56 respondents have
awareness of Equity Stocks & only 3 respondents do not have awareness of Equity Stocks

3. Table 5: Between Gender & Method of Investing

1. Method of
Investing

Count of Gender
Mobile Through Grand
Row Labels Application Physically visiting to Office calling (blank) Total
Female 17 3 2 3 25
Male 11 9 6 8 34
(blank)
Grand Total 28 12 8 11 59

43
From the above Table it is been observed that out of 59 respondents, maximum respondents invest
through Mobile Application, 12 respondents invest through physically visiting to office, 8
respondents invest through calling & 11 respondents do not invest in Equity Stocks

Inferential Analysis

Chi Square test between Age and Awareness of Equity Stocks.

H0 = There is no relationship between Age and Awareness of Equity Stocks.
H1 = There is a relationship between Age and Awareness of Equity Stocks.

Table 6: Actual Value

Awareness of Equity
Count of Age Stocks
No Yes Grand Total
< 18 years 1 2 3
19 - 35 years 2 43 45
36- 55 years 10 10
>60 years 1 1
Grand Total 3 56 59
44
 Table 7: Expected Value

Count of Age Column Labels

Grand
Row Labels No Yes Total
< 18 years 0.2 2.84745763 3
19 - 35 years 2.3 42.7118644 45
36- 55 years 0.5 9.49152542 10
>60 years 0.1 0.94915254 1
Grand Total 3 56 59

p Value = 0.1697

The above chi square test when tested against 5% level of significant. The critical value is 0.1697 which
is higher than the computed value. Thus, we fail to reject the Null Hypothesis and we can conclude that,
Age and Awareness of Equity Stocks are independent to each other.

Findings

1. 94.9% of respondents have awareness of Equity Stocks.

2. 72.9% of respondents invest in Equity Stocks.
3. 58.3% of respondents invest through Mobile Application.
4. 62.5% of respondents invest in Delivery Trading.
5. 45.8% of respondents invest in IT sector which is most preferred sector.
6. 50% of respondents got awareness through Friends & Family.
7. 70.8% of respondents pick their stock through Financial Advisor.
8. 35.4% of respondents invest to earn high returns.
9. 50% of respondents invest in Medium Cap Companies.
10. Least Respondents invest in Small Cap Companies. i.e only
11. 50% of respondents prefer Medium Term Investment.
12. 33.33% of respondents wait for recovery when market falls.
13. 87.5% of respondents are satisfied with the returns they gained from Equity Stocks.

45
It has been found that most of the respondents are aware about Equity Stocks & most of them invest in
Equity Stocks. Mobile Application is most preferred method for investing. Most of the respondents invest
in Equity Stocks to earn high returns. Medium Term Investing i.e., of between 1 – 5 years. Most of the
investors are satisfied with the returns they gained from Equity Stocks.

When the Chi Square was executed between the Age & Awareness about Equity Stocks it was found that
the p Value was 0.1697 which is higher than the significant value so, we fail to reject the Null Hypothesis
and we can conclude that, Age and Awareness of Equity Stocks are independent to each other.

Conclusion

Interest in direct value enjoys its benefits and limits. Likewise, financial backers who have expertise and
experience and are yearning for better yields can put forcefully in direct value. Further, these financial
backers grasp the gamble of putting resources into direct value.

The individuals who are not market specialists can pick a decent quality stock, remain contributed for the
long haul to boost their profits. Hence, financial backers should comprehend their gamble resilience
levels prior to putting resources into direct value, which guarantees they pursue sound monetary choices.

Value protections assume a key part in venture examination and portfolio the executives. The significance
of this resource class keeps on developing on a worldwide scale in light of the requirement for value
46
capital in created and developing business sectors, mechanical development, and the developing
complexity of electronic data trade. Enabled their outright re-visitation of effect the gamble and return
attributes of portfolios, value protections are of significance to both individual and institutional financial
backers.

This perusing presents value protections and gives an outline of worldwide value markets. A definite
investigation of their verifiable exhibition shows that value protections have offered normal genuine
yearly returns better than government bills and bonds, which have given normal genuine yearly returns
that have just stayed up with expansion. The various kinds and qualities of normal and inclination value
protections are inspected, and the essential distinctions among public and confidential value protections
are illustrated. An outline of the different sorts of value protections recorded and exchanged worldwide
business sectors is given, including a conversation of their gamble and bring qualities back. At long last,
the job of value protections in making organization esteem is inspected as well as the connection between
an organization's expense of value, its bookkeeping return on value, financial backers' necessary pace of
return, and the organization's characteristic worth.

References

https://www.dptradeking.com

www.researchgate.net

www.emerald.com

www.corporatefinanceinstitute.com

www.financialexpress.com

www.investopedia.com

www.advisorkhoj.com

www.indeed.com
47
www.paytmmoney.com

www.elearnmarkets.com

48