†fŠZRMr I cwigvc  Practice Content 1

cÖ_g Aa¨vq
†fŠZRMr I cwigvc
Physical World & Measurement

c`v_©weÁv‡bi cwimi I we¯§qKi Ae`vb 18. mg‡qi AvaywbK aviYv AvBb÷vB‡bi Av‡cwÿKZv ZË¡ I
wgb‡KvIqvw¯‹i ¯’vbKv‡ji aviYvi wfwˇZ Kiv †hLv‡b wewfbœ ¯’v‡b
1. wMÖK kã fusis (dzwmm) †_‡K c`v_©weÁvb K_vwU G‡m‡Q| wMÖK mgq c„_Kfv‡e P‡j Ges ¯’vb I Kvj GKwÎZ n‡q ¯’vbKv‡ji Pv`i
fvlvq dzwmm k‡ãi A_© cÖK…wZ| ev Space Time Fabric- G cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|
2. ejweÁvb c`v‡_©i (†hgb KwVb, Zij I evqexq c`v_©) wewfbœ 19. wbDUbxq c`v_©weÁv‡b ¯’vb I Kvj‡K c„_K mËv wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv
m~‡Îi mv‡_ RwoZ| ejweÁvb RoZv, MwZ, ej BZ¨vw` msµvšÍ Kiv n‡jI AvBb÷vB‡bi c`v_©weÁv‡b ¯’vb Kvj‡K GKwÎZ K‡i
aviYv Av‡jvPbv K‡i| GKwU PZzgv©wÎK c`©v wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| ¯’vb Kv‡ji Pv`i ev
3. Zvc I ZvcMwZweÁv‡b Av‡jvP¨welq ZvcgvÎvi cv_©‡K¨i `iæb Space-Time Fabric ev Space-Time Continuum n‡jv GKwU
Zv‡ci mÂvjb ev cÖevn, Zvc‡K Kv‡R iƒcvšÍ‡ii gva¨‡g Zvcxq R¨vwgwZ hv‡Z wZbwU ¯’vwbK gvÎv I PZz_©gvÎv wn‡m‡e mgq AšÍf©y³
BwÇbi m„wó BZ¨vw`| n‡q‡Q|
4. kãweÁvb Av‡jvPbv K‡i k‡ãi DrcwË, mÂvjb, wewfbœ gva¨‡g 20. wgb‡KvIqvw¯‹i R¨vwgwZ‡Z †Kv‡bv NUbv‡K PZzgv©wÎK mšÍwZ‡Z GKwU
k‡ãi `ªæwZ, k‡ãi e¨envi Ges kã `~lY| wek^we›`y (World pint) wn‡m‡e kbv³ Kiv nq| ZvwË¡Kfv‡e
5. Av‡jvKweÁvb cv‡V Rvbv hvq Avgiv †Kb †`L‡Z cvB, nxi‡Ki cø¨v‡¼i ÿz`ªZg mgqmn mgq †Kvqvv›UwqZ n‡Z cv‡i|
`y¨wZ Kx K‡i nq, Av‡jv Kxfv‡e mÂvwjZ nq| wewfbœ AvjvKxq hš¿ 21.
Avgv‡`i wewfbœ Kv‡R Kxfv‡e mnvqZv K‡i| ivwk GmAvB GKK
gvÎv
6. ZvwoZ‡PŠ¤^KweÁv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq w¯’i I MwZkxj Avavb, Zwor bvg Bs‡iwR cwifvlv ms‡KZ bvg ms‡KZ cÖwZcv`b
cÖmviY Coefficient of cÖwZ
I †PŠ¤^K‡ÿ‡Îi cve¯úweK m¤úK©| Zwor I Pz¤^‡Ki †gŠwjK mnM expansion
,,
†Kjwfb
K–1 K–1 –1
m~Îvewj, Zv‡`i e¨envi Ges bvbvwea Zwor hš¿cvwZ wb‡qI Av‡cwÿK Specific letent
I
Ryj/
J.kg–1 J.kg–1 L2T–2
myß Zvc heat wK‡jv MÖvg
Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq GB kvLvq| `xcb Luminous
Iv K¨v‡Ûjv cd cd J
7. KwVb Ae¯’vi c`v_©weÁvb KwVb c`v‡_©i MVb I †fŠZ ag© wb‡q ZxeªZv intensity
`xcb
Av‡jvPbv K‡i| d¬v·
Luminous flux Q jy‡gb lm cd.sr J
8. AvaywbK c`v_©weÁv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡, cvigvYweK I †j‡Ýi
Power of a lens P WvBAÞvi d m –1
L–1
ÿgZv
wbDK¬xq c`v_©weÁvb I Av‡cwÿKZv ZË¡| fi‡K kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍi `xcb Illuminance E jv· lx lm.m –2
JL–2
Ges kw³‡K f‡i iƒcvšÍi BZ¨vw`| –1 M–1L–
cwievwnZv Conductance G wm‡gÝ S A.V 2 3 2
TI
9. B‡jKUªwb‡•i Av‡jvP¨ welq Aa©cwievnx c`v_©, Aa©cwievnx cwievnK cÖwZ IÕg –1 –1 M–1L–
Z¡
Conductivity  cÖwZ wgUvi  m –1m–1 3 3 2
TI
Wv‡qvW, UªvbwR÷i, †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wewfbœ gva¨gÑ †iwWI, †Uwjwfkb, becquere
mwµqZv Activity A Bq s–1 T–1
†dvb, d¨v•, Kw¤úDUvi, B›Uvi‡bU BZ¨vw`| l
10. †Kv‡bv wKQz m¤ú‡K© AbymÜv‡bi †h AbywgZ wm×všÍ †bIqv nq Zv‡K 22. 1 Xray Unit = 1 xu = 10–13m
AbyKí e‡j| 23. 1 Mile = 1.609 km
11. ZË¡ (Theory): WviDB‡bi weeZ©b ZË¡, cø¨v‡¼i †Kvqv›Uvg ZË¡| 24. 1 Nautical mile = 1.151 mile = 1.852 km
25. 1 cvi‡mK (pc): GK A¨v‡÷ªv‡bvwgK¨vj BDwbU ˆ`‡N©¨i †Kv‡bv Pvc
12. mKj m~ÎB ZË¡, wKš` mKj ZË¡B m~Î bq|
†h `~i‡Z¡ wVK GK †m‡KÛ †KvY (1") Drcbœ K‡i Zv‡K GK
13. bxwZ (Principle): †hgbÑ nvB‡Rbev‡M©i AwbðqZv bxwZ I
cvi‡mK (pc) e‡j|
Zi‡½i DcwicvZ‡bi bxwZ|
26. 1 GKf‚Z cvigvYweK fi GKK ev †WjUb ev unified atomic
14. weÁvbx M¨vwjwjI wbwg©Z `yiexÿYhš¿ bvÿwÎK RM‡Zi wewfbœ e¯`
12
m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z mnvqZv K‡i‡Q| mass unit or dalton (u ev Da): GKwU C Gi fi wVK 12 u
6
15. dmj msiÿ‡Y Mvgv wewKi‡Yi e¨envi eûj cÖPwjZ| 12 1
16. †MvjK wb‡ÿc ev PvKwZ wb‡ÿ‡ci cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq m‡ev©”P `~i‡Z¡ Gi mgvb| A_©vr 6 C Gi f‡ii 12 B n‡”Q 1u ev GK GKxf‚Z
†dj‡Z n‡j wbw`©ó Avw`‡e‡Mi cvkvcvwk Zv‡K 450 †Kv‡Y wb‡ÿc cvigvYweK fi|
Ki‡Z n‡e| 27. lu ev l amu = 1.66  10–27 kg|
17. ¯’vb I Kvj: ¯’v‡bi R¨vwgwZK aviYv cÖ_g Dc¯’vcb K‡i MwYZwe` 28. M¨vwjwjI M¨vwjwj: Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ¡ gvcvi Rb¨ nvB‡Wªv÷¨vwUK
BDwK¬W| Zvui g‡Z Avgv‡`i Pvicv‡k hv wKQz Av‡Q meB ¯’vb e¨v‡jÝ ev D`w¯’wZ wbw³ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| 1610 mv‡j wZwbB cÖ_g
wPivqZ c`v_©weÁv‡bi g‡Z ¯’vb n‡jv wÎgvwÎK BDwK¬Wxq ¯’vb †R¨vwZwe©`¨v welqK †Uwj‡¯‹vc Avwe®‹vi K‡ib Ges Gi mvnv‡h¨
†hLv‡b †h‡Kv‡bv Ae¯’vb wZbwU ¯’vb¼ Øviv eY©bv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| e„n¯úwZ MÖ‡ni PviwU DcMÖn I Pvu‡`i wc‡V cvnvo Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
M¨vwjjI MwZ I Z¡i‡Yi m~‡Î ¯’vb‡K e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| wbDU‡bi
g‡Z ¯’vb, Kvj I fi Avjv`v Avjv`v mËv|
 st
2  Physics 1 Paper Chapter-1
29. Av‡b©÷ iv`vi‡dvW© : †ZRw¯ŒqZv wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z wM‡q wZwb I
†d«wWªK †mvwW Avjdv KYv, weUv KYv I Mvgv iwk¥ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
1919 mv‡j wZwb nvjKv cigvYyi wefvRb Ki‡Z mÿg nb|
30. `„wói w`K cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Kv‡bv jÿ¨e¯`i Ae¯’v‡bi AvcvZ
cwieZ©b‡K j¤^b e‡j| G Kvi‡Y †h fzj nq Zv‡K j¤^b ÎæwU e‡j|
31. m~PK ÎæwU (Index error): (wcb I `c©Y ev †jÝ)
32. ¯øvBW K¨vwjcvm©: ¯øvBW K¨vwjcv‡m©i Aci bvg fvwb©qvi K¨vwjcvm©|
33. GKwU fvwb©qvi †¯‹j Øviv ÿz`ªZg †h ˆ`N¨© mwVKfv‡e cwigvc Kiv
hvq †mUvB fvwb©qvi aªæe| cÖavb †¯‹‡ji ÿz`ªZg GKNi I fvwb©qvi
†¯‹‡ji GK N‡ii| cÖavb †¯‹‡ji ÿz`ªZg N‡ii gvb‡K fvwb©qvi
†¯‹‡ji †gvU NimsL¨v w`‡q fvM Ki‡j fvwb©qvi aªæe cvIqv hvq|
s
VC =
n
34. ¯Œz MR: G h‡š¿i Aci bvg gvB‡µvwgUvi ¯Œz MR| G h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨
Zv‡ii e¨vmva©, miæ †Pv‡Oi (wmwjÛvi) e¨vmva© I †Qv‡Uv ˆ`N©¨
cwigvc Kiv hvq|
35. ¯ŒzMR h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ ÿz`ªZg †h ˆ`N¨© cwigvc Kiv hvq ZvB n‡”Q
b~¨bv¼ ev jwNô MYb|
36. ¯Œz M‡R `yB ai‡bi hvwš¿K ÎæwU †`Lv hvq: k~b¨ ÎæwU (Zero error) I
e¨vKj¨vk ÎæwU ev wcQU ÎæwU (Blacklash error)|
37. †ù‡evwgUvi: †ùv‡ivwgUvi h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ Kvu‡Pi ev Ab¨vb¨ cvZjv
cv‡Zi cyiæZ¡ Ges †Mvjxq Z‡ji eµZvi e¨vmva© gvcv nq|