Calendars

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CALENDARS

To find the day of the week, for any given date.

Example : 15th August 1947 ?


INTRODUCTION
• From tomorrow onwards every 7th day is today.

after 8 days → today + 1 → tomorrow,


after 10 days → today + 3,
after 20 days → today + 6,
after 50 days → today + 1,
after 100 days → today + 2, like wise
TYPES OF YEARS

• Ordinary year / Non-Leap year


Divisible by 400, if century year
365 days → 52 weeks + 1 day (i.e., 1 odd day)

• Leap Year
366 days → 52 weeks + 2 days (i.e., 2 odd days) Divisible by 4, if non-century year

• Century Year
An year which is divisible by 100.

1972, 2012, 1924, 1600, 2000 etc. are leap years.


1978, 1990, 1900, 1700, 1862 etc. are non leap years.
EXAMPLES
1. How many odd days are there in the year 1994 ?

1994 is a non leap years (i.e. 365 days).


52 weeks and a day.
Number of odd days in 1994 = 1

2. How many odd days are there in the month October ?

October has 31 days.


4 weeks and 3 days.
So, October has 3 odd days
3. When can we use the same calendar of 2017 ?

Number of odd days in 2017 = 1


2018 = 1
2019 = 1
2020 = 2 [ leap year]
2021 = 1
2022 = 1
Got the sum as a multiple of 7

The next year after 2022 will have the same calendar of 2017.

2023
QUIZ 1

1. How many odd days are there in 2200?


a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) None of these

2. Which year we used the same calendar of 2015?


a) 2007 b) 2008 c) 2009 d) 2004

3. If today is a Tuesday, then which day it will be after 79 days?


a) Thursday b) Friday c) Saturday d) Sunday
REPEATING CALENDARS
• Non – Leap Year
4n
6 years = ቊ
4n + 1
Eg: Calendar of the year 2017 repeats in 2023.
Calendar of the year 1900 repeats in 1906.

4n + 2
11 years = ቊ
4n + 3
Eg: Calendar of the year 2018 repeats in 2029.
Calendar of the year 2019 repeats in 2030.

• Leap Year
Leap year repeats after 28 years.
Ex: Calendar of the year 2020 will repeat in 2048.
ODD DAYS IN 1st n YEARS

• Last day of BC was Sunday.


i.e., AD 01.01.0001 was a Monday.
So, from 01.01.0001 to any given date, if we get the odd days:

0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
ODD DAYS IN CENTURIES
• In the first century year:
76 non leap year → 76 × I odd day = 76 odd days
24 leap years → 24 × 2 odd day = 48 odd days
Therefore, total odd days = 124 = 5 odd days.

Hence, 100 years → 5 odd days


200 years → 10 odd days → 3 odd days
300 years → 15 odd days → 1 odd days
400 years →20 + 1 odd days → 0 odd day.
This pattern repeats.
i.e. 500 years → 400 + 100 years → 5 odd days, so on.
EXAMPLES
4. Find the day of the week we got independence ?
15th August 1947
We have to calculate the number of days till the given date. Then we will find the number of odd
days.
1946 years + [ January to July] + 15 days
• 1946 years =1600 years + 300 years + 46 years
= 1600 years + 300 years + 11 leap years + 35 ord. years
= 0 + 1 + [ 11 x 2 ] + 35
= 58 days
= 2 odd days
• January to July Friday
Jan Feb Mar April May June July
3 0 3 2 3 2 3
Total 16 days. i.e. 2 odd days
• 15 days = 2 weeks + 1 odd day
5. It was Sunday on Jan 1, 2006. What was the day of the week
Jan 2,2010?

Given Jan 1, 2006 was Sunday.

For every next normal year, I day is increased and for every next leap year,
2days are increased.

Number of odd days from the year 2006 to the year 2009

= (1 + 1 + 2 + 1) = 5 days.

January 1, 2010 was Friday.

Therefore, Jan 2, 2010 must be Saturday.


QUIZ 2
1. If 2nd Oct 1807 is a Sat, then 2nd Oct 2007 is a
a. Mon b. Tue c. Wed d. Thu

2. In the year 1648, if the Feb month has 5 Sun, what is the day on 13th Feb
1750?
a. Sun b. Fri c. Sat d. Mon

3. What was the day of the week on 28th February 1990?


a. Wed b. Thu c. Fri d. Sat
Doom’s Day Concept
In any year, the following dates falls on the same day.

Last day of February = 4/4 = 6/6 = 8/8 = 10/10 = 12/12.

Also 9/5= 5/9 = 11/7 = 7/11.

(I work from 9 am to 5 pm on 7th to 11th).

Also pi day = 3/14 (14th of March).

This day is called Dooms day of that year


Anchor Day
Certain days are defined as anchor day for the following centuries.

Since calendars repeats for every 400 years, this pattern also repeats.
Doom’s Day Formula

𝒚𝒚
𝒚𝒚 𝒚𝒚 𝑹
𝐃𝐨𝐨𝐦𝐬 𝐝𝐚𝐲 = 𝐀𝐧𝐜𝐡𝐨𝐫 𝐝𝐚𝐲 + +𝑹 + 𝟏𝟐
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟒

where ‘yy’ denotes the last two digits of the year and R is the remainder.
6. What day falls on 28th February 1990.
𝑦𝑦
𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦 𝑅
Dooms day = Anchor day + +𝑅 + 12
12 12 4

90
90 90 𝑅
Dooms day = 3 + +𝑅 + 12
12 12 4
=3+7+6+1
= 17

17 means 3 odd days

Doom’ day = Wednesday.

Last day of February is Wednesday.


7. What day falls on 3rd March 2022.
𝑦𝑦
𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦 𝑅 12
𝐷𝑜𝑜𝑚𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑦 = 𝐴𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑎𝑦 + +𝑅 +
12 12 4

22
22 22 𝑅 12
𝐷𝑜𝑜𝑚𝑠 𝑑𝑎𝑦 = 2 + +𝑅 +
12 12 4
= 2 + 1 + 10 +2
= 15
15 means 1 odd day
Doom’ day = Monday.
Thursday
Doom’s Day for march =14 .
14th march 2022 is Monday.
So, 3rd March 2022 = ?
What day falls on 26th January 2024 ?

Friday
THANK YOU
Gowry S Kumar
CIR

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