Quantum Computing Article

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An article on -
Quantum Computing: Introduction
By: K.V.Nitchaya Reddy
Abstract:
This field of computer science called quantum computing is a young one with enormous
promise to transform many sides of our lives. We shall examine the foundational ideas of
quantum computing in this essay, as well as some of its exciting potential uses.
Knowing the Fundamentals
Fundamentally, processing data using quantum mechanics is the foundation of quantum

computing. Quantum bits, or qubits, are used by quantum computers as a substitute for
classical ones, which deal with bits to stand for data as either 0 or 1. The Qubits are capable
of existing in several states at once.
Quantum computers can do calculations far more quickly than classical ones because qubits
can exist in several states of superposition. Moreover, quantum computing makes use of a
different phenomenon known as entanglement, in which qubits interconnect and can be
altered to instantly change the state of another qubit regardless of distance.
Quantum computers harness the unique behaviour of quantum physics—such as

superposition, entanglement, and quantum interference—and apply it to computing. This
introduces new concepts to traditional programming methods.
Superposition:
Quantum particles are combinations of all possible states when they are in superposition.
They change unless they are noted and quantified. Imagine a coin to help you visualize the
difference between superposition and binary position. By "flipping the coin" and obtaining
heads or tails, traditional bits are measured. On the other hand, a coin would be in
superposition if you could simultaneously see heads and tails along with every other possible
condition.
Entanglement:
The ability of quantum particles to correlate one another's measurement findings is known as
entanglement. Entangled qubits function as a single system and mutually affect one another.
One qubit's measurements allow us to make inferences about the others. Quantum computers
can calculate exponentially more information and solve more complex problems by adding
and entangling more qubits in a system.
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Positive Applications
Numerous industries, including artificial intelligence, medicine development, cryptography,

and optimization issues, stand to benefit from the advent of quantum computing. Let us
examine a few of these uses in greater depth:
Cryptography
The topic of cryptography has been one of the most significantly impacted by quantum
computing. The vulnerability of present cryptography systems is caused by the possibility of
quantum computers breaking classical encryption methods like RSA encryption and ECC
encryption. Quantum cryptography, on the other hand, provides a solution by employing
quantum mechanics principles to build unbreakable encryption systems.
Problems with Optimization

Selecting the best option from a wide range of possibilities is a common task in real-world
challenges. Efficiency in addressing optimization issues is a strong suit for quantum
computers. Financial portfolio optimization, supply chain management, and coordination are
some of the numerous domains where this expertise has an impact.
Drug Tracking
The process of finding new medications is frequently expensive and time-consuming. Due to
its realistic simulation of molecular interactions, quantum computing can accelerate this
research. These speeds up the entire procedure of developing potentially life-saving drugs by
enabling researchers to discover promising therapeutic candidates more quickly.
Artificial Intelligence
Quantum computing has the potential to improve the capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI)
systems. Large volumes of data may be processed and analysed more quickly by quantum
machine learning algorithms, which could result in better AI models and insights.
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Development of Quantum Computing in India and the World
India's Progress in Quantum Information
Acknowledging the relevance of quantum computing, India has initiated many initiatives to
foster its advancement. The Indian government recently established several quantum
computing-focused educational institutions and centres of excellence. To further the study
and advancement of this area, these organizations interact with academic institutions,
corporate management, and global partners.
Moreover, the number of Indian startups focused on quantum computing has increased. These
companies are constantly working to develop quantum algorithms, hardware, and software
solutions. They play a crucial role in fostering innovation and the commercial use of quantum
technology in India.
Worldwide Progress in Quantum Information
Significant progress is also being made in the field of quantum computing worldwide.
Significant expenditures have been made in the study and development of quantum
technology by powerful nations, including the United States, China, Canada, and the
European Union. Innovations in fields like quantum simulation, quantum cryptography, and
quantum communication have resulted from this.
Moreover, some global technology corporations have set up their own quantum research
laboratories after realizing the potential of quantum computing. The objective of these
laboratories is to investigate the advantageous uses of quantum computing and further the
general advancement of the subject.
Cooperation Attempts and Prospects for the Future
Progress in quantum computing, cooperation between nations and organizations is essential.

Collaborative research endeavour’s, resource pooling, and information sharing are made
possible through international relationships. India has been involved in international
cooperation initiatives, including the European Union's Quantum Flagship Initiative.
The possibilities for quantum computing appear bright when looking ahead. Cybersecurity,
healthcare, banking, and coordination are just a few of the many industries that technology is
predicted to transform as it advances. Innovative findings and breakthroughs will be made
possible by the development of quantum computing, in addition to improving computational
capabilities.
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(A quantum computing model made by google)
Conclusion:
Prospects and Challenges:
Although quantum computing has enormous potential, several obstacles must be removed
before it can be widely used. The problem of qubit stability and error correction is one of the
main obstacles. Maintaining the delicate quantum states of qubits over a prolonged period is
difficult because of their extreme sensitivity to external perturbations.
Furthermore, there are substantial technological obstacles to scaling up quantum systems and
creating workable quantum algorithms. Nevertheless, scientists and researchers from across
the world are actively attempting to overcome these challenges, and exciting discoveries are
being made every single day.
To sum up, quantum computing signifies a revolution in the application of computing

technology. It brings up new opportunities in a broad spectrum of industries because of its
exponential speed increase in information processing over traditional computers. Although
there may be difficulties along the way, quantum computing has a bright future and will
likely have a significant influence on civilization.
References:
1. https://www.ibm.com/topics/quantum-computing
2. https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/resources/cloud-computing-dictionary/what-is-
quantum-computing
3. https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/01/29/66141/what-is-quantum-computing/
4. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2017/07/04/what-is-quantum-computing-a-
super-easy-explanation-for-anyone/?sh=76b30f1e1d3b

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21501A05J3

Knowing the Fundamentals

Fundamentally, processing data using quantum mechanics is the foundation of quantum

Quantum computers harness the unique behaviour of quantum physics—such as

Numerous industries, including artificial intelligence, medicine development, cryptography,

Problems with Optimization

Development of Quantum Computing in India and the World

India's Progress in Quantum Information

Worldwide Progress in Quantum Information

Cooperation Attempts and Prospects for the Future

Progress in quantum computing, cooperation between nations and organizations is essential.

(A quantum computing model made by google)

Prospects and Challenges:

To sum up, quantum computing signifies a revolution in the application of computing

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