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    MEC 164 Fluid Mechanics Bernoulli Principle Full

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    Demilou II Grabato

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    MEC 164 Fluid Mechanics Bernoulli Principle Full

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    Demilou II Grabato
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    13 views34 pages

    MEC 164 Fluid Mechanics Bernoulli Principle Full

    Uploaded by

    Demilou II Grabato

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 34

    FLUID DYNAMICS:

    The Continuity Equation and


    Reynold’s Number

    MEC 164
    Continuity Equation

    Ideal Actual
    (Incompressible Fluid) (Compressible Fluid)
    Reynold’s Number, Re

    Types of Steady Flow in Pipes


    Reynold’s Number, Re

    Reynold’s Number for Circular Pipes


    Reynold’s Number, Re

    Example 1:

    Answer: Re = 1.02 x 10⁵


    Reynold’s Number, Re

    Example 2:

    Answer: Re = 1000, so Laminar Flow


    Reynold’s Number, Re

    Example 3:

    Answer: 1.0175 m/s


    Reynold’s Number, Re

    Reynold’s Number for Different Channels


    Reynold’s Number, Re

    Example 4:

    Answer: 0.44 ft
    FLUID DYNAMICS:

    The Bernoulli Principle

    MEC 164
    Energy and Head of

    Newton’s 2nd Law


    F = ma

    Newton’s 2nd Law along a Streamline


    Introduction

    Newton’s 2nd Law along a Streamline


    Kinetic Energy and Velocity Head
    Elevation Energy and Elevation Head
    Pressure Energy (Energy Flow) and Pressure Head
    Total Energy of Flow
    Bernoulli’s Energy Theorem
    Bernoulli’s Principle

    • Increase in the speed of fluid occur simultaneously with a decrease in pressure


    or a decrease in the fluid’s potential energy
    • In a horizontal pipe, the highest fluid pressure is in the section where the flow
    speed is the lowest, and the lowest pressure is at the section where the flow
    speed is biggest
    Bernoulli’s Principle

    • This principle can be


    considered to be a statement
    of energy principle
    appropriate for flowing fluids

    • Bernoulli effect is the lowering


    of the fluid pressure in regions
    where the flow velocity is
    increased
    Bernoulli’s Principle Application
    Bernoulli’s Energy Equations (Neglecting Head Loss)
    Different Forms of Bernoulli’s Equation

    Pressure Form
    (recommended for
    gases)

    Head Form
    (recommended for
    liquids)

    Energy Form
    Kinetic, Potential and Pressure Energy

    Answer: 10.8 kPa


    Energy Equations (with Pump)
    Energy Equations (with Turbine)
    Major Head Losses (in a Pipe)
    Major Head Losses (in a Pipe)

    Important note:
    If not stated, use Darcy – Weisbach equation
    Minor Head Losses (in a Pipe)
    Pipe in Series
    Pipe in Parallel
    Other Related Topics: Force in Pressure and Impulse

    Answer: 10.8 kPa


    Example Problems

    Example 1: Consider the water flowing through converging channel as


    shown below and discharging freely to the atmosphere at the
    exit. What is the gage pressure at the inlet? Assume the flow to
    be incompressible and neglect any frictional effects

    Answer: 10.8 kPa


    Example Problems

    Example 2: Given the following venturi meter and the two pressures as
    shown, calculate the mass flow rate of water in the circular pipe.

    Answer: 79 kg/s
    Example Problems

    Example 3: If the velocity of flow of a 75mm diameter fire hose is 0.50 m/s.
    What is the velocity in a 25mm diameter jet from a nozzle
    attached at the end of the pipe. Compute also the power
    available in the jet.

    Answer:
    Answer: v = 4.5 m/s, P 10.8 kPaW
    = 22.36

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