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    Oxo ACheQ 02uu Fu02 Xxaann

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    Oxo ACheQ 02uu Fu02 Xxaann

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    Oxo ACheQ 02uu Fu02 Xxaann

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    of 2

    2 Amount of substance

    AQA Chemistry Follow up sheet

    Determining the percentage by mass of acids


    and bases in compounds

    Specification references
    • 3.1.2.5
    • MS 0.0, 0.2
    • MS1.2

    Learning objectives
    After completing the worksheet you should be able to:
    • use titration results to find the percentage by mass in a range of acids and bases
    used in everyday life.

    Questions
    1 Sodium hydroxide is used commercially as a cleaning agent for ovens and
    drains. A 1.20 g sample of the cleaner required 44.1 cm3 0.500 mol dm−3
    hydrochloric acid to neutralise it.
    a Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid used. (1 mark)
    b Construct a balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid
    and sodium hydroxide, and use it to deduce the number of moles of NaOH
    in the cleaner. (2 marks)
    c Calculate the percentage by mass of NaOH in the cleaner. (2 marks)

    2 Washing soda crystals are hydrated sodium carbonate crystals. In domestic use,
    washing soda is used as a water softener in laundering. It can also be used to
    remove grease, oil and wine stains and as a descaling agent in boilers such as
    those found in coffee machines.
    In order to find the percentage by mass of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, in the
    crystals, 5.13 g of washing soda crystals were dissolved in deionised water, and
    made up to 250 cm3 in a volumetric flask. 25.0 cm3 portions were titrated with
    0.0500 mol dm−3 sulfuric acid, and the average titre was found to be 35.8 cm3.
    a Calculate the number of moles of sulfuric acid in the mean titre. (1 mark)
    b Construct a balanced equation between sodium carbonate and sulfuric
    acid and use it to deduce the number of moles of sodium carbonate in each
    25.0 cm3 portion. (2 marks)
    c Calculate the number of moles of sodium carbonate in 250 cm3. (1 mark)
    d Calculate the mass of sodium carbonate in 250 cm3, and hence calculate the
    percentage by mass of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) in the crystals. (2 marks)

    © Oxford University Press 2015 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements


    This resource sheet may have been changed from the original 1
    2 Amount of substance
    AQA Chemistry Follow up sheet

    3 The bark of the willow tree has been used for centuries as a medicine for
    reducing fever and alleviating pain. The active ingredient in willow bark is
    salicylic acid. Aspirin tablets contain acetylsalicylic acid, a carboxylic acid
    derived from salicylic acid.
    Aspirin is neutralised by sodium hydroxide according to the following equation:
    C9H8O4 + NaOH → C9H7O4Na + H2O
    An aspirin tablet with a mass of 0.334 g, was ground up using a pestle and
    mortar, transferred to a conical flask and dissolved in 10 cm3 95% ethanol.
    25 cm3 of water was added and the solution was titrated with 0.100 mol dm−3
    sodium hydroxide using phenolphthalein as the indicator. 16.6 cm3 NaOH was
    required for neutralisation.
    Calculate the percentage by mass of aspirin in the tablet. (5 marks)

    4 100 cm3 0.200 mol dm−3 hydrochloric was added to a 1.00 g sample of
    limestone. The excess acid required 24.6 cm3 0.100 mol dm−3 sodium hydroxide
    for neutralisation. Calculate:
    a the number of moles of calcium carbonate which reacted with the
    hydrochloric acid (5 marks)
    b the percentage by mass of calcium carbonate in the limestone. (2 marks)

    © Oxford University Press 2015 www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements


    This resource sheet may have been changed from the original 2

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