Lab 02 Digital
Lab 02 Digital
Lab 02 Digital
Lab 2:
Construction of Half-Adder and Full-Adder by using
Logic Gate
Academic year
2022-2023
1. Introduction
Adders are important in computers and also in other types of digital systems in which
numerical data are processed. An understanding of the basic adder operation is fundamental
to the study of digital system.
2. Objective
This lab has the following objective:
• Implementing and simulating the operation of half-adder
• Implementing and simulating the operation of 1-bit full-adder
• Implementing and simulating the operation of 4-bits full-adder
3. Half-Adder
The Half-Adder is a basic building block of adding two numbers as two inputs and produce
out two outputs. The adder is used to perform OR operation of two single bit binary numbers.
The A and B are two input states, and 'carry' and 'sum 'are two output states of the half
adder.
Practice:
Input Output
A B SUM Carry
0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1
1
4. Full-Adder
A Full adder is a digital circuit that performs the addition of three binary inputs and produce
two outputs. A full adder logic is designed in such a manner that can take eight inputs
together to create a byte-wide adder and cascade the carry bit from one adder to the another.
Practice:
Input Output
Cin A B SUM Carry
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 1 0
1 0 1 0 1
1 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 1
By comparing both the truth table and simulating, thus verified as should be.
2
5. 4-bits Full Adder
A 4-bits full adder is a digitals circuit that adds two binary numbers of 4 bits each. It is a
combinational circuit, which mean that its output depends only on its inputs and not its
previous state.
Practice:
Implementing the 4- bits parallel full-adder through simulation software.
The first full adder adds the least significant bits of the two numbers, and the carry out bit
from the first full adder is used as the carry in bit for the second full adder. This process
continues until the last full adder, which produces the sum of the two numbers and a carry out
bit.
6. Conclusion
4-Bit adder are used in variety of circuits. it is simple, fast and reliable. But it also requires a
large number of logic gate, expensive to manufacture and consume a lot of power.