1. A student investigated the transpiration rates of two different plants A and B.

The results of the investigation are shown in the table below.

reading estimate of transpiration rate / arbitrary units

plant A plant B
1 45 107
2 39 99
3 41 106
4 46 101
5 38 103
mean 42

(i) Calculate the mean estimated transpiration rate for plant B.

Express your answer to the nearest whole number and write it in the shaded box in
the table.

[1]

(ii) The student prepared a temporary slide of a transverse section through one of the
leaves. The figure below shows a diagram the student drew of the lower epidermis
from one of the leaves.

State from which plant, A or B, the leaf was taken. Explain your answer.

Plant ...............................................................................................................

Explanation .....................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

1
 .........................................................................................................................
[3]
[Total 4 marks]

2. The figure below is a diagram showing some of the cells in the root of a dicotyledonous
plant.

A B C D E

root hair

several cells omitted xylem vessel

(a) Complete the table below by indicating which of the letters A to E indicates:

• a cell from the endodermis

• a cell from the phloem.

letter
endodermis
phloem
[2]

(b) State two features of root hair cells which adapt them for water uptake.

1 ......................................................................................................................

2 ......................................................................................................................
[2]

2
 (c) In this question, one mark is available for the quality of spelling, punctuation and
grammar.

Plants absorb water from the soil via their roots.

Describe the pathways and mechanisms by which water passes from the soil to the
xylem vessels in the root.

[6]

(d) After water has entered the xylem vessels in the root, it passes through them to the
rest of the plant.

Describe how two features of xylem vessels adapt them for water transport.

1 ......................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

2 ......................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
[4]
[Total 15 marks]

3. (i) Define the term transpiration.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Explain why transpiration in plants cannot be avoided.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

3
 .........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
[3]

4. The diagram below is a vertical section through part of a leaf of a dicotyledonous plant.

I
G

Reproduced by kind permission of D.G. Mackean

Complete the table below to identify xylem and phloem from the tissues labelled E to I.

tissue letter
xylem
phloem
[Total 2 marks]

4
5. Below is a diagram of a cross section of an organ from a dicotyledonous plant showing
some of the tissues.

(i) Name the plant organ shown in the diagram above.

.........................................................................................................................
[1]

(ii) State which of the regions A to D is phloem tissue.

.........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 2 marks]