O, wonder! How many goodly creatures are there here! How beauteous mankind is!

O brave
new world, That has such people in't!
начни презентацию с цитаты Шекспира

 Об Авторе Aldous Huxley, an English writer of the first half of the 20th century, is usually
associated with the genre of the intellectual novel. Long before he wrote Brave New World,
Huxley was already known as a satirist. Huxley wrote Brave New World, published in 1932, in
France. He had not previously turned to the genre of anti-utopia. The idea for the work
emerged against the backdrop of the moods and trends of the first third of the 20th century.

The English writer died on 22 November 1963. On that day, all the headlines screamed about
the assassination of US President John F. Kennedy. Against this backdrop, few knew that
Aldous Leonard Huxley had passed away on the same day.

 Жанр антиутопия The depiction of a social order or community that appears undesirable,
repellent or frightening to the author or critic. It is the opposite of utopia[3][4] or its
derivation[5].

Anti-utopia as a genre is often used to draw attention to real problems for the author in the
environment, politics, economics, religion, technology, etc. Interest in the genre came from
the great leap in technology, the birth of totalitarian systems and a bipolar world.

There are 3 important works of this genre in world literature. Eu. Zamyatin " We" J. Ourel "1984" and
O. Huxley "Brave New World". Each work is unique in its own way. All three describe the world
differently. Although there are parallels and borrowings in the novels.

Сравнение идей в Романах

 A brave new world rests on the strongest World State. It is the year 632 of the Age of
Stability, the Age of Ford - the deity and mastermind of the age. Ford is the creator of the
world's largest car company. "Our Lord Ford" substitutes for God both on a religious level (he
is prayed to and rituals are performed in his honour) and on a domestic level (people say
things like "Ford knows him" or "save Ford"). Technocracy has swept the world, except on
special reserves, which have been abandoned as sanctuaries because the climatic conditions
in those places have been deemed uneconomical to instil stability.

The population in the Divine New World is divided into five castes: alphas, betas, gammas,
deltas and epsilons. Let's start with the most developed and least developed, i.e. the alphas.

The alphas in the novel The Brave New World occupy the most highly skilled positions:
managers, directors, doctors, teachers, etc. They are the most intellectually advanced of all
the castes and always walk around dressed in grey. Just above the units from the other
castes.

Betas are on the next rung after alphas on this pyramid. Intellectually a bit lower and
accordingly occupy positions: deputies, senior assistants, nurses, etc. They wear bright red
clothes.

The Gammas and Deltas in The Brave New World are two castes that don't differ much in
their mental development. They wear green and khaki respectively (even their clothes are
similar shades). As a rule, are engaged in plain, but hard work (in short, the usual plodder).

Well, that's where we come to the very last caste, which is the backbone of the whole
system. The Epsilons are described by Huxley himself as "monkey-like semi-cretins". They are
dunces who cannot read, write, or count. Epsilons are only to be found in mines or on some
sort of rigid conveyor belt.

1. The novel's exposition is the first chapters, where there is a description of the One
State world.

The first half of the book introduces the reader to the world and the structure of the
future. It describes a unified state and its society, the basis for which is consumption.
In the "new" world, children are produced artificially. During the developmental
stage of the embryo, children are divided into castes: alpha, beta, gamma and
epsilon. Alpha and beta are the most advanced, controlling castes, the others are
subordinate to the former and lag behind in all traits. However, each caste is content
with its position, praises the castes above and despises those below. Biologically,
they are instilled with all the necessary skills, thoughts and feelings that ensure
contentment with life in all castes. Science, art, religion, family and the institution of
marriage are banned in this world. Long relationships with one partner are
considered bad behaviour. Men and women "take advantage of each other" and
often change partners. Instead of art, we see a mass culture with primitive content,
religion is replaced by drug orgy, science is replaced by the pursuit of already
established patterns. All dissenters are exiled to islands, where dissenters are not
interfered with.

"Remember one cubic centimetre cures ten gloomy sentiments." Подпиши слайд
цитатой

Psychological problems and negative feelings are drowned out with a harmless pill -
soma.

Главные герои романа

Bernard Marx. His name is a combination of Bernard Shaw (a writer who hailed
socialism and communism in the USSR) and Karl Marx (an ideologist of socialism).
The writer was ironic about the Soviet regime, which he regarded as a prototype of
his fictional state, so he gave his character the names of such important people for
the ideology of the USSR. Bernard's image, like socialism, looked pleasant at first,
conquered by his opposition to evil for the glory of good, but by the end of the novel
it revealed its underbelly.

Higher-order alphas are sometimes knocked out, because they are overdeveloped.
Such was the psychologist Bernard Marx, the protagonist of the «Brave new world».
He is sceptical of the whole progressive world order. His friend, the teacher
Helmholtz, is also in opposition. Bernard's negative perception of reality has
developed because he has been "spiked with alcohol in his blood substitute". He is
8cm smaller than the other alphas and uglier than them. He feels his own inferiority
and criticises the world for not being able to enjoy all the benefits he is entitled to.

Lena Crowne - her name is derived from the pseudonym of Vladimir Lenin. The
author probably wanted to show the depraved nature of the heroine with this name,
as if alluding to Ulyanov's ability to please both ours and yours, for many researchers
still consider him to be a German spy who organised a coup in Russia for a tidy sum.
So the girl is just as immoral, but she has been programmed that way: in their
environment it was even considered unseemly not to change sexual partners for a
long time. The whole essence of the heroine is that she always does what is
considered the norm. She does not try to get out of the rut, even her sincere feelings
for John cannot dissuade her from believing in the correctness and infallibility of the
social order. Lenaina betrays him, it costs her nothing. But worst of all, she does not
realise her betrayal. Simple-mindedness, primitive and vulgar tastes, stupidity and
inner emptiness - all this belongs to her characteristic from the first page to the last.
The author emphasises that she is not a person, she is not a dialectical soul.

John is the second main man character in Oh Wonderful New World! His personality
was shaped by a volume of Shakespeare he found on the reservation. Linda taught
 him how to read, and from the Indians he picked up the habits, philosophy of life and
a penchant for toil. He was happy to leave, as the "white" son of a "whoremonger
bitch" (Linda was "mutually exclusive" with everyone) was not accepted by the tribe.
But once he arrived in the New World, his disappointment was boundless. Linaina,
whom he fell in love with, could invite any man to spend the night with him-

2. Проблематика The main problem is that artificial equality, which turns out to be
biological totalitarianism, and the caste structure of society cannot satisfy thinking
people.

If everyone could think and feel deeply, stability would collapse. If people are deprived of
these rights, they are transformed into hideous dumb-headed clones capable only of
consumption and production. That is, there will be no society in the usual sense; it will be
replaced by functional castes, artificially bred, like new varieties of potatoes.

Degradation. The man of the new world does not create anything new and lives in
prosperity, without thinking about tomorrow. He does not develop as a person and does
not acquire new knowledge. All this sooner or later leads to degradation. All inhabitants
of the new world are equally stupid and undeveloped.

Loss of values. All traditional values and morality in the "new" world have gone down the
drain. Moreover, some are forbidden. Therefore, people themselves are no longer of
value.

3. The main theme of the work is the future of European civilisation. Huxley, in his
novel, plays up a possible future where there are all the delights of progress from
catfish to making sentient films. However, this society lacks traditional values,
science and art, which makes it so empty and inhumane.

Do you think under such a world it is forbidden or has it lost its meaning?( слайд
интерактив)

Love- In the One State, where there is no kinship and no long-term relationship, love
is impossible. It is replaced by carnal pleasure with different partners. For if there is
no true love, there is no sadness and worry

There is no institution of marriage in the One State. The words "mother" and
"father" are swear words. There are no viviparous women in the future, and children
are artificially raised in an Incubator

Education - In the "new" world, people are selectively educated at the

developmental stage in the Incubator. Depending on the caste, people are given a
certain set of knowledge and skills.
To summarise, as part of the discussion of O. Huxley's novel: Perhaps the main
question Huxley asks his reader in the book is: What's wrong with this world? After
all, people are fed, they no longer grow old, they no longer die in wars, and in
general you could say they are happy. They get everything they need without much
effort. And there can be many opinions on this matter, because everyone sees the
pros and cons of the Enchanted World. There will be people who will say, "Look,
Huxley's World isn't really that bad," but at the same time, other people, for the
most part, will condemn the New World. And that's quite normal.

For that reason, one cannot say unequivocally, "The New World is terrible" or "The
New World is wonderful. That was precisely the author's task: to get the public to
talk about the problem. After all, he raised an important question: "What can the
utopia you covet lead to?

For a full immersion and understanding of the problems in the novel, we recommend
that you read this novel in its entirety.

Anti-dystopian novels have become very relevant these days. The institution of
consumption and "state brainwashing" we see in reality.