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    Introduction To Bioinformatics

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    Shnawar ch
    Bioinformatics tools to find out proteins function

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Introduction To Bioinformatics

    Uploaded by

    Shnawar ch
    7 views2 pages
    Bioinformatics tools to find out proteins function

    Original Title

    INTRODUCTION TO BIOINFORMATICS

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Bioinformatics tools to find out proteins function

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    7 views2 pages

    Introduction To Bioinformatics

    Uploaded by

    Shnawar ch
    Bioinformatics tools to find out proteins function

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    INTRODUCTION TO BIOINFORMATICS:

    “Bioinformatics is a branch of science that integrates computer science,


    mathematics, statistics, chemistry and engineering for analysis, exploration,
    integration and exploitation of biological data in research and development”.
    Bioinformatics involves the technology that uses computers for storage, retrieval, manipulation,
    and distribution of information related to biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, and
    proteins.
    COMPONENTS OF BIOINFORMATICS:
    Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary research area at the interface between
    computer science and biological science. There are three basic components of
    bioinformatics.
    1. Data:
    Data includes Nucleotide Sequences, protein sequences, protein structures,
    metabolic pathways, gel pictures, literature.
    2. Databases:
    A database is a vast collection of data pertaining to a specific topic e.g.
    nucleotide sequence, protein sequence etc., in an electronic environment.
    3. Database mining tools:
    These are software programs that are designed for extracting the meaningful
    information from the mass of molecular biology / biological databases & to
    carry out sequence or structural analysis.

    HISTORY OF BIOINFORMATICS

    Bioinformatics emerged in mid1990s.


    •From1965-78 Margaret O. Dayhoff established first database of protein sequences,
    published annually as series of volume entitled “Atlas of protein sequence and
    structure”.
     During 1977 DNA sequences began to accumulate slowly in
    literature and it became more common to predict protein
    sequences by translating sequenced genes than by direct
    sequencing of proteins.
     Thus number of uncharacterized proteins began to increase. In
    1980, there were enough DNA sequences to justify the
    establishment of the first nucleotide sequence database, GenBank
    at National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), USA .
    NCBI served as primary databank provider for information.
     The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) established at
    European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) in 1980. The aim of this
    data library was to collect, organize and distribute nucleotide
    sequence data and related information.
     In 1984, the National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF)
    established the protein information Resource (PIR).
     In 1986 DNA DataBank was established by GemonNet, Japan.
     All these databanks operate in close collaboration and regularly
    exchange data.

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