This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: F3493 − 23

Standard Practice for

Measuring Dynamic Characteristics of Water Slide Systems
Using Instrumented Humans1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope F2137 Practice for Measuring the Dynamic Characteristics

1.1 This practice covers the acquisition of quantitative data of Amusement Rides and Devices
related to the dynamic characteristics of water slides when F2376 Practice for Classification, Design, Manufacture,
taken with instrumented humans. Construction, and Operation of Water Slide Systems
1.2 Prior to the use of this practice, the designer/engineer 3. Summary of Practice
shall have completed and approved the testing of a new slide 3.1 This practice provides a procedure for the collection of
such that it is reasonably expected to meet the performance acceleration data on water slides utilizing instrumented hu-
requirements, including accelerations, of Practice F2376-21 mans.
and ensure the slide is safe for human testing.
3.2 One or more accelerometers are mounted on an instru-
1.3 This practice shall not apply to: mented human.
1.3.1 Any other amusement rides or devices, other than

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water slides and water slide systems as classified by Practice 3.3 Acceleration values are recorded for the entire length of
F2376-21. the water slide.

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1.3.2 Non-human accelerometer testing on water slides or
4. Significance and Use
water slide systems as defined by Practice F2376-21.
4.1 This standard practice is intended for use whenever the
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
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as the standard. Other units of measurement are included in this Preview
standard for information only and are not considered standard.
dynamic characteristics of a water slide are to be determined
using instrumented humans.
4.2 The use of this standard practice does not preclude the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ASTM substitution of other published Amusement Industry accepted
F3493-23
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
standard practices developed for use on water slides.
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responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 4.3 The existence of this practice is not intended to imply
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. that there is a requirement to perform specific accelerometer
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- testing on water slides.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 5. Gravity
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 5.1 The handling of gravity effects shall follow the specifi-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical cation in Practice F2137-19, Section 12.1.8.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6. Data Channel Performance Specifications
2. Referenced Documents 6.1 The data channel performance specifications shall fol-
2 low the specifications in Practice F2137-19, Section 5 and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Section 12.1.3.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F24 on Amusement 7. Transducer Performance Specifications
Rides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.70 on Water
Related Amusement Rides and Devices.
7.1 The transducer performance specifications shall follow
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. DOI: 10.1520/ the specifications in Practice F2137-19, Section 6.
F3493-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 8. Recorder Performance Specifications
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 8.1 The recorder performance specifications shall follow the
the ASTM website. specifications in Practice F2137-19, Section 7.2.

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9. Calibration Specifications contact with the slide surface. See Annex A1 for illustrations of
9.1 The calibration performance specifications shall follow accelerometer placement on an instrumented human.
the specifications in Practice F2137-19, Section 8. 11. Procedure
10. Transducer Location and Mounting for Instrumented 11.1 When testing the nominal dynamic characteristics of
Humans amusement rides and devices that have characteristics that may
change, the water slide shall be operated for a minimum of
10.1 Transducer location, orientation, and mounting method three full cycles prior to data collection.
shall be consistent with the intended test objectives and
generally accepted instrumentation and engineering practice. 11.2 It is possible that the unique characteristics of a
(See Annex A1.) particular water slide or other circumstances are such that it is
not reasonable to test in strict conformance with one or more
10.2 To avoid distortion in the data channel values, accel- provisions of this practice. It is acceptable to alter one or more
erometers shall be mounted to minimize relative motion provisions of this practice when unique characteristics of a
between the transducer and the instrumented surface. It is particular water slide or other circumstances do not allow strict
acceptable to perform an analytical or experimental evaluation conformance with this practice. Any deviation(s) from the
of transducer mounting effects on the data channel (See provisions of this practice shall be recorded to clearly provide
Practice F2137-19, Section 12.1.6). a description of the specific deviation(s) and a summary of why
10.3 Refer to Practice F2137-19 section 9.2.2 when multi- a deviation was necessary. Pictures and documentation shall be
axis accelerations at a point are to be measured. recorded to adequately explain a specific testing arrangement
or protocol deviation. In the absence of the designer/engineer
10.4 Transducers shall be oriented and mounted such that
the justification shall include a review by a biodynamic expert.
the transducer follows the test subject coordinate system as
shown in Fig. 1. 11.3 Triaxial accelerometers shall have the characteristics
required in 10.3.
10.5 The accelerometer shall be mounted immediately an-
terior and superior to the test human’s xiphoid process (the 11.4 Complete a field calibration as defined in Practice

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smallest region of the sternum, or breastbone) except for all
types of headfirst mat slides or other types of slides where it is
F2137-19, Section 10.2.
11.5 Orient the accelerometer(s) on the instrumented human

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reasonably anticipated that the test human’s chest may make so that the axes of the accelerometer(s) align with those of the

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FIG. 1 Test Subject Coordinate System Relative to Human Body

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test subject’s coordinate system, see Fig. 1. See Annex A1 and 12.1.9 The environmental conditions at the beginning and
Annex A2 for examples of human accelerometer mounting end of the test including temperature, humidity, and wind
locations on various slide types/classifications. conditions.
11.6 Start the accelerometer recording prior to releasing the 12.1.10 Slide manufacturer’s information including:
instrumented human into the water slide. 12.1.10.1 Serial number,
12.1.10.2 Slide classification based on Annex A2,
11.7 Release the instrumented human down the water slide 12.1.10.3 Slide vehicle type (as applicable, when used), and
while the accelerometer records the accelerations. 12.1.10.4 Water flow in Liters per Hour (or USGPM) where
11.8 Upon entering the designated landing or stopping area specified by the Designer/Engineer.
for an individual run or at the end of all testing, stop the 12.1.11 The test data record(s).
accelerometer from recording to capture the data for the ride 12.1.12 An indication establishing a relationship between at
cycle(s). least one time point in each test data record and a correspond-
ing known physical position of the Instrumented Human on the
11.9 Download the data from the accelerometer(s) between slide or device during the ride cycle. In the case where a known
tests if the download can be conducted without affecting the physical position of the Instrumented Human in the ride cycle
fixation of the transducer’s location on the instrumented cannot be established due to the random or non-repeatable
human. Otherwise, conduct the download after the completion nature of the slide, an indication establishing a relationship
of all tests. between at least one time point in each test data record and a
11.10 Perform a minimum of three (3) consecutive cycles corresponding time point in the ride cycle shall be provided.
from one accelerometer mounting location and test 12.1.13 A record of all field calibration procedures per-
configuration, or vehicle loading configuration (as applicable). formed as part of the test procedure, as per Practice F2137-19,
Section 10.2.
11.11 The acquired test data shall be post-processed, with a
12.1.14 Documentation of the transducer mounting method
4-pole, single pass, Butterworth low pass filter using a cutoff
including the results from any analytical or experimental
frequency (Fn) of 5 Hz.
evaluation of transducer mounting effects on the data channel.
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11.12 Procedures for evaluating the post-processed test data
against the acceleration limits of Practice F2376-21 include
12.1.15 Documentation of transducer mounting location(s)
and orientation(s).

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either manual (for example, graphic, hand calculations, etc.) or 12.1.16 Documentation of the measurement coordinate sys-
automatic (for example, computational, computer, etc.) proce- tem.
dures. 12.1.17 A description of each data channel utilized during

12. Test Documentation

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12.1.17.1 Data channel title, engineering units, Channel
12.1 The test documentation shall include (when applicable) Frequency Class 10 (CFC10), and data channel resolution.
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the general test information including the following: 12.1.17.2 Documentation regarding the inclusion of gravity
effects in the zero bias for data channels that are sensitive to
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12.1.1 Date and time.
gravity.
12.1.2 Facility name and address.
12.1.18 The manufacturer, model, serial number, and most
12.1.3 Slide name or designation (facilities designation).
recent calibration date for all data channel components that are
12.1.4 Anthropometric or other requirements for the slide. subject to the calibration requirements of this practice.
12.1.5 An instrumented human identifier.
12.1.6 Instrumented human(s) weight(s). 13. Keywords
12.1.7 Instrumented human(s) height(s). 13.1 acceleration; body; instrumented human; testing; wa-
12.1.8 Description of the instrumented human’s attire. terslide; water slide

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 F3493 − 23
ANNEXES

(Mandatory Information)

A1. ACCELEROMETER PLACEMENT ON INSTRUMENTED HUMANS

A1.1 See Figs. A1.1-A1.3.

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FIG. A1.1 Generally Accepted Transducer Location

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FIG. A1.2 Generally Accepted Transducer Location, Orientation, and Mounting Method

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FIG. A1.3 Acceptable Transducer Location for Slides where Test Human’s Chest May Contact the Slide Surface