QUALITATIVE AND ARCHIVAL METHODS READING LIST

June 3, 2016

PHILOSOPHY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

Causation, Explanation, and Inference
Almond, Gabriel and Genco, Stephen. 1977. “Clouds, Clocks, and the Study of Politics.”
World Politics. Vol. 29 No. 4: 489-522.
Bhaskar, Roy, 1998. Chapters 1-3. The Possibility of Naturalism. Routledge.
Brady, Henry E. 2008. “Causation and Explanation in Social Science.” Oxford Handbook
of Political Methodology.
Elster, Jon. 2007. Chapters 1,2, 16, and Conclusion. Explaining Social Behavior: More
Nuts and Bolts for the Social Sciences. Cambridge University Press.
Hall, Peter. 2003. “Aligning Ontology and Methodology in Comparative Research,”
Comparative Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences.
Hempel, Carl G. 1994. “The Function of General Laws in History.” Readings in the
Philosophy of Social Science. 43-54.
Holland, Paul W. 1986. “Statistics and Causal Inference.” Journal of the American
Statistical Association. Vol. 81 No. 396: 945-960.
Hume, David. 1993. Pages 39-64. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.
Hackett Publishing.
Stinchcombe, Arthur L. 1978. Chapters 1-3.. Theoretical Methods in Social History.
Academic Press, Inc.
Weber, Max. 1949. “Objectivity in Social Science and Social Policy,” The Methodology
of the Social Sciences.

Complex causation
Bennett, Andrew and Elman, Colin. 2006a. “Complex Casual Relations and Case Study
Methods: the Example of Path Dependence.” Political Analysis. 250-267.
Davidson, Donald. 1963. “Actions, Reasons, Causes,” Essays on Actions and Events.
Oxford University Press.
Hayek, F.A.. 1994. “The Theory of Complex Phenomena.” Readings in the Philosophy of
Social Science. MIT Press.
Hedström, Peter and Petri Ylikoski. 2010. “Causal Mechanisms in the Social Sciences”
Annual Review of Sociology. Vol. 36: 49-67
Mackie, J.L. 1965. “Causes and Conditions.” American Philosophical Quarterly, Vol 2:
245-264.
Ragin, Charles. 1989. Chapters 2, 6, 7 and 8. The Comparative Method. University of
California.
Weber, Max. 1978. Economy and Society. University of California Press.
Peter Winch, “The Idea of a Social Science”, in Bryan Wilson ed. Rationality (1986), 1-
17.

RESEARCH DESIGN
Adcock, Robert and David Collier. 2001. “Measurement Validity: A Shared Standard for
Qualitative and Quantitative Research.” APSR. Vol. 95 No. 3: 529-46.
Brady, Henry, and David Collier. 2010. Rethinking Social Inquiry: Diverse Tools, Shared
Standards. Rowman & Littlefield.
Collier, David and James Mahoney. 1996. “Insights and Pitfalls: Selection Bias in
Qualitative Research.” World Politics. 56-91.
Dunning, Thad. Chapters 1, 7 and 8. Natural Experiments in the Social Sciences: A
Design-Based Approach. Cambridge University Press
Geddes, Barbara. 1990. “How the Cases You Choose Affect the Answers You Get:
Selection Bias in Comparative Politics.” Political Analysis. 131-50.
George, Alexander L and Andrew Bennett. 2005. Chapters 1, 3, and 10. Case Studies and
Theory Development in the Social Sciences. MIT.
Kalyvas, Stathis. 2006. Appendix A. The Logic of Violence in Civil War. Cambridge
University Press.
Lieberson, Stanley. 1991. “Small N’s and Big Conclusions: An Examination of the
Reasoning in Comparative Studies Based on a Small Number of Cases.” Social
Forces. Vol. 70 ,No. 2: 307-320.
Lieberman, Evan S. 2005. “Nested Analysis as a Mixed-Method Strategy for
Comparative Research.” American Political Science Review Vol. 99, No. 3: 535-
42.
Mahoney, James. 2010. “After KKV: The New Methodology of Qualitative Research.”
World Politics. Vol. 62, No. 1: 120–47
Mahoney, James and Dietrich Rueschemeyer. 2003. Chapters 9 and 10. Comparative
Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences. Cambridge University Press
Mahoney, James and Gary Goertz. 2006. “A Tale of Two Cultures: Contrasting
Quantitative and Qualitative Research.” Political Analysis. 227-49.
Przeworski, Adam, and Henry Teune. 1970. The Logic of Comparative Social Inquiry.
Wiley.
Sekhon, Jasjeet S. 2004. “Quality Meets Quantity: Case Studies, Conditional Probability,
and Counterfactuals.” Perspectives on Politics Vol. 2, No. 2: 281-93.
Snyder, Richard. 2001. “Scaling Down: The Subnational Comparative Method.” Studies
in Comparative International Development. Vol. 36, No. 1: 93-110.
Process tracing
Gryzmala-Busse, Anna. 2011. “Time Will Tell? Temporality and the Analysis of Causal
Mechanisms and Processes.” Comparative Political Studies. 44 (9): 1267-1297.
Bennett and Checkel. 2014. Chapters 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 and 9. Process Tracing: From
Metaphor to Analytic Tool. Cambridge University Press
Collier, David. 2011. “Understanding Process Tracing.” PS: Political Science and
Politics. 823-830.

FIELD RESEARCH METHODS

Aunger, Robert. 1994. “Sources of variation in ethnographic interview data: Food
avoidance in the Ituri forest, Zaire.” Ethnology. 65-99.
Bernard, H. Russell. 2011. Chapters 8, 12 and 13. Research Methods in Anthropology:
Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Alta Mira Press.
Dewalt, Kathleen M. and Billie R. Dewalt. 2002. Participant Observation: A Guide for
Fieldworkers. Alta Mira Press.
Fenno, Richard. 1978. “Appendix- Notes on Method: Participant Observation,” in Home
Style: House Members in their Districts. Little, Brown, and Co., pp. 249-95.
Fujii, Lee Ann. 2010. “The Truth in Lies: Evaluating Testimonies of War and Genocide
in Rwanda.” Journal of Peace Research.
Lofland, John, David Snow, Leon Anderson, and Lyn Lofland. 2006. Analyzing Social
Settings: A Guide to Qualitative Observation and Analysis. Wadsworth.
Schatz, Edward. 2009. Introduction, Chapters 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, and 13. Political Ethnography:
What Immersion Contributes to the Study of Power. University of Chicago Press.
Sluka, Jeffrey A. 2007. “Reflections on Managing Danger in Fieldwork: Dangerous
Anthropology in Belfast,” in Ethnographic Fieldwork: An Anthropological
Reader. Antonius C. G. M. Robben and Jeffrey A Sluka eds: Blackwell, 259-70.
Van Mannen, Jon. 1988. Tales of the Field. University of Chicago Press.
Wood, Elisabeth. 2008. “Field Research,” The Handbook of Comparative Politics.
Oxford.

FIELD RESEARCH
Anderson, Elijah. 2000. Code of the street: decency, violence, and the moral life of the
inner city. Norton & Company.
Autesserre, Séverine. 2014. Peaceland: Conflict Resolution and the Everyday Politics of
International Intervention. Cambridge University Press.
Bourgois, Philippe. 2003. In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio. Cambridge.
Cohen, Cathy J. 1999. The boundaries of blackness: AIDS and the breakdown of black
politics. University of Chicago Press.
Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt. 1899. The Philadelphia Negro: a social study.
Geertz, Clifford. 1973. “Notes on the Balinese Cockfight” in The Interpretation of
Cultures. Basic Books.
Graetz, Michael J. and Ian Shapiro. 2005. Death by a Thousand Cuts: The Fight over
Taxing Inherited Wealth. Princeton University Press.
Kim, Claire Jean. 2003. Bitter fruit: The politics of black-Korean conflict in New York
City. Yale University Press.
Pachirat, Timothy. 2011. Every Twelve Seconds: Industrialized Slaughter and the Politics
of Sight. Yale University Press.
Scott, James C. 1986. Weapons of the Weak. Yale University Press.
Soss, Joe. 2002. Unwanted claims: The politics of participation in the US welfare system.
University of Michigan Press.
Strolovitch, Dara Z. 2008. Affirmative advocacy: Race, class, and gender in interest
group politics. University of Chicago Press.
Waters, Mary C. 2001. Black Identities: West Indian Immigrant Dreams and American
Realities.
Wedeen, Lisa. 1999. Ambiguities of Domination: Politics, Rhetoric, and Symbols in
Contemporary Syria. University of Chicago Press.
Wood, Elisabeth Jean. 2003. Insurgent Collective Action and Civil War in El Salvador.
Cambridge University Press.

ETHICS IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and
Behavioral Research. 1979. Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection
of the Human Subjects of Research.
Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (the “Common Rule”), see
http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/regulations/45-cfr-
46/index.html#
Fujii, Lee Ann. “Research Ethics 101: Dilemmas and Responsibilities.” PS: Political
Science & Politics. Vol. 45, No. 4: 717-23.
Jaarsma, Sjorerd ed. 2002. Handle With Care. Ownership and Control of Ethnographic
Materials. Pittsburgh.
Kelman, Herbert. 1972. “The Rights of the Subject in Social Research: An analysis in
terms of Relative Power and Legitimacy.” American Psychologist. Vol. 27, No.
11: 989-1016.
Murphy, Elizabeth and Robert Dingwall. 2007. “The Ethics of Ethnography.” In Paul
Atkinson, ed. The Handbook of Ethnography. 339-351. Sage.

ARCHIVAL METHODS
Bloch, Marc. 1954. The Historian’s Craft. Manchester University Press.
Greenstein, Fred I. and Richard H. Immerman. 1992. “What Did Eisenhower Tell
Kennedy About Indochina? The Politics of Misperception.” Journal of American
History. Vol. 79, No. 2.
Hill, Michael R. 1993. Archival strategies and techniques. Sage.
Howell, Martha and Walter Prevenier. 2001. From Reliable Sources: An Introduction to
Historical Methods. Cornell University Press.
Novick, Peter. 1988. That Noble Dream: The ‘Objectivity Question’ and the American
Historical Profession. Cambridge University Press.
Trachtenberg, Marc. 2006. The Craft of International History. Princeton University
Press.
White, Hayden. 1975. Introduction. Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in
Nineteenth-Century Europe. Johns Hopkins University Press.

ARCHIVAL RESEARCH
EH Carr, Chapter on Weimar foreign policy. What is History. Penguin.
Allison, Graham. 1999. The Essence of Decision.
Browning, Christopher. 1992. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final
Solution in Poland. Harper.
Goldhagen, Daniel. 1996. Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the
Final Solution. Knopf.
Daniel J. Goldhagen, Christopher R. Browning, and Leon Wieseltier The “Willing
Executioners”/”Ordinary Men” Debate. US National Holocaust Museum.
https://www.ushmm.org/m/pdfs/Publication_OP_1996-01.pdf
Lee, Taeku. 2002. Mobilizing Public Opinion: Black Insurgency and Racial Attitudes in
the Civil Rights Era. University of Chicago.
Skrentny, John David. 2009. The Minority Rights Revolution. Harvard University Press.
Tong, James. 1991. Disorder Under Heaven: Collective Violence in the Ming Dynasty.
Stanford.
Weaver, Vesla M. 2007. "Frontlash: Race and the development of punitive crime policy."
Studies in American Political Development. Vol. 21, No. 2: 230.
Weber, Eugen. 1976. Peasants into Frenchmen. Stanford.

DATA AND CODING

Bernard, H. Russell. 2011. Chapters 18 and 19. Research Methods in Anthropology:
Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Alta Mira Press.
Campbell, Angus et al. 1960. Chapter 10. The American Voter. University of Chicago.
Cusack, Thomas R., Torben Iversen, and David Soskice. 2007. “Economic Interests and
the Origins of Electoral Systems.” American Political Science Review 101 (3):
373-391.
Cusack, Iversen, and Soskice. 2010. “Coevolution of Capitalism and Political
Representation - The Choice of Electoral Systems.” American Political Science
Review. 104 (2): 393-403 [response to Kreuzer 2010, see below]
Dahl, Robert A. 1961. Who Governs? Book III (“Patterns of Influence”), Appendixes A-
C.
Fenno, Richard F., Jr. 1973. Introduction and Chapters 1-3. Congressmen in Committees.
Franzosi, Roberto. 2009. Chapters 1 and 2. Quantitative Narrative Analysis. Sage
Gerring, John. 1998. Chapters 1-3 and Appendix. Party Ideologies in America, 1828-
1996.
Hochschild, Jennifer. 1981. Chapters 1-3 and Appendix B. What’s Fair? American
Beliefs about Distributive Justice.
Kreuzer, Marcus. 2010. “Historical Knowledge and Quantitative Analysis: The Case of
the Origins of Proportional Representation.” American Political Science Review
Vol. 104, No. 2.
Lane, Robert E. 1962. Introduction, Section I, and Appendix A. Political Ideology.
Mayhew, David. 1991. Chapter 4. Divided We Govern. Yale University Press.
Przeworski, Alvarez, Limongi & Cheibub. 2000. Chapter 1 (including appendices).
Democracy and Development: Political Institutions and Material Well-Being in
the World, 1950-1990. Cambridge University Press.
Ryan, Gary W and H. Russell Bernard. 2003. “Data Management and Analysis
Methods,” in Collecting and Interpreting Qualitative Materials. Norman K
Denzin and Yvonna S. Lincoln eds: Sage, pp. 259-309.
Wilkinson, Steven. 2004. Appendix A. Votes and Violence. Cambridge.

COMPARATIVE HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

Bensel, Richard Franklin. 1984. Sectionalism and American Political Development,
1880-1980. The University of Wisconsin Press.
Gorski, Philip S. 2003. The disciplinary revolution: Calvinism and the rise of the state in
early modern Europe. University of Chicago Press.
Hacker, Jacob S. and Paul Pierson. 2002. “Business Power and Social Policy: Employers
and the Formation of the American Welfare State.” Politics & Society. Vol. 30,
No. 2: 277-325.
Lawrence, Adria. 2013. Imperial Rule and the Politics of Nationalism: Anti-Colonial
Protest in the French Empire. Cambridge University Press.
Luebbert, Gregory. 1987. “Social Foundations of Political Order in Interwar Europe.”
World Politics. Vol. 39, No. 4: 449-478.
Mahoney, James and Kathleen Thelen. 2015. Chapters 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8. Advances in
Comparative-Historical Analysis. Cambridge University Press.
March, James G. and Johan P. Olsen. 1984. “The New Institutionalism: Organizational
Factors in Political Life.” American Political Science Review. 734-49.
Mayhew, David. 2005. “War and American Politics.” Perspectives on Politics.
Orren, Karen and Stephen Skowronek. 1994. “Beyond the Iconography of Order: Notes
for a ‘New Institutionalism.’” In The Dynamics of American Politics. Lawrence
C. Dodd and Calvin Jillson, eds. Bolder: Westview.
Padgett, John and Christopher Ansell. 1993. “Robust Action and the Rise of the Medici,
1400-1434.” American Journal of Sociology. Vol. 98, No. 6: 1259-1319.
Rokkan, Stein. 1999. Part IV “Cleavage Structure and Party Systems,” pages 275-340. In
State Formation, Nation Building, and Mass Politics in Europe: The Theory of
Stein Rokkan. Ed. Peter Flora. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sahlins, Peter. 1988. “The Nation in the Village: State-Building and Communal Struggles
in the Catalan Borderland during the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries.”
Journal of Modern History. Vol. 60, No. 2: 234-263.
Schickler, Eric. 2001. Disjointed pluralism: institutional innovation and the development
of the U.S. Congress. Princeton University Press.
Scott, James C. 1999. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human
Condition Have Failed. Yale University Press
Sewell, William. 1996. “Political Events as Structural Transformations: Inventing
Revolution at the Bastille.” Theory and Society. Vol. 24: 841-81.
Shefter, Martin. 1977. “Party and Patronage: Germany, England, and Italy.” Politics and
Society. Vol. 7: 403-451.
Skocpol, Theda. 1979. States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France,
Russia, and China. Cambridge University Press.
Skowronek, Stephen. 1982. Building a New American State: The Expansion of National
Administrative Capacities, 1877-1920. Cambridge University Press.
Swenson, Peter. 2002. Parts I and II. Pages 1-23, 39-90, and 215-269. Capitalists against
Markets: The Making of Labor Markets and Welfare States in the United States
and Sweden. Oxford.
Swenson, Peter. 2004. “Varieties of Capitalist Interests: Power, Institutions, and the
Regulatory Welfare State in the United States and Sweden.” Studies in American
Political Development. Vol. 18, No. 1: 1-29. See also the response by Jacob
Jacker and Paul Pierson, Vol. 18, No. 2: 186-195, and Swenson’s rejoinder, 18
(2), pp. 196-200.