_______________________

Name:
_

Year 8
_______________________
Revision test Class:
_

_______________________
Date:
_

Time: 54 minutes

Marks: 74 marks

Comments:

Page 1 of 31
Q1.
Ben makes a series circuit using two
identical cells, a bulb and a switch to
turn the bulb on and off.

(a) Draw a circuit diagram of Ben’s circuit. Use the correct symbols.

The cells have been drawn for you.

3 marks

(b) Which part of the circuit supplies the energy?

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) Ben adds another identical bulb to the circuit in series.

How does the brightness of the first bulb change?

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(d) How will the brightness of the bulbs change when the cells shown below are
placed into Ben’s circuit?

(i)

.............................................
1 mark

Page 2 of 31
 (ii)

.............................................
1 mark
maximum 7 marks

Q2.
The diagram below shows part of a food web in a pond.

not to scale

(a) (i) The numbers of tiny algae and waterweed in the pond increase.
What effect will this have on the numbers of pond snails and water fleas?

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Some more perch are put into the pond. What will happen to the
numbers of midge larvae and diving beetles?

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) From the food web:

Page 3 of 31
 (i) give the name of one predator; ............................................................
1 mark

(ii) give the name of its prey; .....................................................................

1 mark

(iii) write one complete food chain which ends with perch.

......................... → ....................... → .......................... → perch

1 mark
Maximum 5 marks

Q3.
Paulo drops a bar magnet into a box of nails. When he picks the magnet up, some nails
are sticking to the ends.

(a) What material are the nails made from?

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) The nails stick to the ends of the bar magnet but not to the middle.
Why do the nails stick to the ends of the magnet?

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) Paulo puts a magnet on a piece of cork. He floats the cork on water in a plastic
bowl, and spins it round slowly.

When the cork stops spinning, in which direction will the magnet point?

Page 4 of 31
 ......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(d) Paulo takes a second, identical bar magnet. The two magnets stick together as
shown. One of the poles has been labelled on the drawing.

(i) Label the other three poles.

1 mark

(ii) Paulo puts the two magnets on the piece of cork. He floats the cork on the
water in the plastic bowl, and again spins it round slowly.

In which direction will the magnets point at the end of the experiment?
Tick the correct box.

In a north-south direction.

In an east-west direction.

Could be in any direction.

The cork does not stop spinning.

1 mark
Maximum 5 marks

Q4.
Russell put ground-up coffee beans in a coffee maker and added hot water.

Page 5 of 31
He pushed the plunger down.
This separated the coffee drink from the ground-up coffee beans.

(a) How could Russell see that some coffee had dissolved in the water?

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) The end of the plunger is a circle of wire mesh.

(i) Which mesh would be best to separate the coffee drink from all the ground-up
coffee beans? Write the letter.

.......................
1 mark

(ii) This method of making coffee uses a type of filter.

The apparatus used for filtration in a school laboratory is drawn below.

Which part of the apparatus above works in the same way as the wire mesh?
Write the letter.

.......................
1 mark

(c) Russell wanted to separate the water from the coffee drink.
He set up the apparatus shown below.

Page 6 of 31
 (i) Why did Russell put ice cubes around the glass tube?

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Choose words from the box below to fill the gaps in the following sentences.

an acid a gas a liquid a solid

condensation crystallisation evaporation filtration

Russell heats the water. Water in the drink changes from

............................................ into ............................................ .

This change of state is called ............................................ .

Water vapour changes into liquid. This change of state is called

............................................ .
4 marks
maximum 8 marks

Q5.
Anne makes an electrical ‘wiggly wire’ game for a fête. To win a prize, the loop must not
touch the ‘wiggly wire’.

Page 7 of 31
(a) The loop is made of a conducting material. The handle is made of an insulating
material.

Give the name of one material which could be used to make:

(i) the loop;

............................................……
1 mark

(ii) the insulation handle.

............................................……
1 mark

(b) The loop and the ‘wiggly wire’ are connected to a battery and a buzzer.

Page 8 of 31
 The buzzer only makes a noise when the loop touches the ‘wiggly wire’.
Explain why.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) Later, Anne paints the ‘wiggly wire’, but then the game does not work.
Suggest why the game does not work with a painted wire.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 4 marks

Q6.
The diagrams below represent what happens to the energy in the food eaten by a
herbivore and a carnivore.

The width of each pathway indicates the amount of energy gained or used in a
particular way.

Page 9 of 31
(a) (i) What percentage of the total energy, taken in by a herbivore, is stored in its
tissues? Use the diagram to help you answer.

................ %
1 mark

(ii) The energy stored in an animal’s tissues is passed on to the next animal in the
food chain.
Use information in the diagrams above to explain why there are usually no
more than four or five stages in a food chain.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) Respiration takes place in cells, in structures called mitochondria. Why do muscle
cells contain large numbers of mitochondria?

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) Cows eat plants, but cannot digest the cellulose cell walls.
Micro-organisms in the cow’s stomach are able to digest the plant cell walls.
Suggest why cows cannot digest the cell walls but micro-organisms can.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
1 mark

(d) The diagram below shows cells from the inner lining of a mammal’s intestine.

Page 10 of 31
 The cell membranes in contact with the food are folded.
Explain why it is an advantage that these cells are adapted in this way.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
2 marks
Maximum 6 marks

Q7.
New-born mammals produce an enzyme called rennin which clots the protein in milk.
New-born mammals can only digest the protein after it clots.

(a) Pat investigated how pH affects the time for rennin to clot the protein in milk.

She put 2 cm3 of milk into each of four test-tubes, A, B, C and D.

She put these test-tubes and a test-tube of rennin into a water-bath at 35°C.

After a few minutes, Pat transferred 4 drops of the rennin into test-tubes
A, B and C. She varied the pH by adding the chemicals shown in the table.
To test-tube D she added 2 drops of hydrochloric acid only.

The table below shows the results of Pat’s experiment.

(i) Use the results of test-tubes C and D to state the function of the enzyme in the
clotting process.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

Page 11 of 31
 (ii) Use Pat’s results to explain why rennin clots milk quickly in the stomach.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(iii) Suggest what happens to the activity of rennin as it passes from the stomach
into the small intestine. Explain your answer.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
2 marks

(b) Pat then investigated how temperature affects the time for rennin to clot milk. She
prepared four water-baths, at 0°C, 25°C, 35°C and 60°C.

Into each water-bath she put a test-tube containing 2 cm3 of milk and a test-tube
containing rennin plus a chemical to give the correct pH.

In each water-bath, she transferred four drops of the rennin into the test-tube of milk
and timed how long it took for the milk to clot. The table shows her results.

temperature of time for milk to clot,

water-bath, in °C in seconds

0 no clotting

25 23

35 10

60 no clotting

(i) Explain why no clotting occurred in the test-tube at 60°C.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Pat took the test-tube out of the water-bath at 0°C and put it into the water-
bath at 35°C. The milk clotted.
Why was clotting still possible in this test-tube?

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(iii) Raising the temperature from 25°C to 35°C made the milk clot more quickly.
How could Pat change her experiment to show more precisely how
temperature affects the time it takes for milk to clot?

Page 12 of 31
 .............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) After rennin clots milk protein, a different enzyme helps to digest the protein. What
are the products of protein digestion?

.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 8 marks

Q8.
The drawings below show four living things found in a wood.

not to scale

• Caterpillars eat oak leaves.

• Owls eat blackbirds.
• Blackbirds eat caterpillars.

(a) (i) Complete the food chain for these four living things.

oak tree → ................................. → ................................. → ..................................

1 mark

(ii) Why is an oak tree called a producer?

Tick the correct box.

It loses its leaves It makes food by

in autumn. photosynthesis.

Its flowers are tiny. Its leaves will not rot.

1 mark

(b) On one oak tree, there were two types of caterpillar.

Page 13 of 31
 not to scale

All the caterpillars were eating the leaves.

The number of gypsy moth caterpillars increased.

What happened to the number of orange-striped caterpillars?

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

Explain your answer.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) There are no caterpillars on the oak tree in winter.

Suggest a reason for this.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 5 marks

Q9.
(a) Jasmine was trying to find out how much air she breathed out in one breath.
She poured water into a bell-jar and placed it upside down in a trough of water.
The bell-jar had a scale marked in cm3.

before Jasmine breathed into the bell-jar

Page 14 of 31
 after Jasmine breathed into the bell-jar

(i) How much air did Jasmine breathe out?

............................................... cm 3

1 mark

(ii) Air contains carbon dioxide, nitrogen, noble gases, oxygen and water vapour.

Give three differences between the composition of the air Jasmine breathed
in and the air she breathed out.

Compared to the air she breathed in, the air she breathed out contained:

1. .........................................................................................................

2. .........................................................................................................

3. .........................................................................................................
3 marks

(b) In the diagram below, tube A connects the lungs to the mouth. Part B is a part of the
lung where gas exchange takes place.

(i) On the diagram, write the names of tube A and part B.

Page 15 of 31
 2 marks

(ii) In the wall of tube A there are 'rings' of a stiff material called cartilage. Suggest
one function of the 'rings' of cartilage.

............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 7 marks

Q10.
The diagram below shows part of a grassland food web.

(a) One year the snail population increased in the grassland area.

How could an increase in the number of snails cause the caterpillar population to
increase?

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) Snail poison can be used to control the number of snails. After some time, each owl
contains more poison than each snail.
Explain why each owl contains more poison than each snail.

Page 16 of 31
 ......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
2 marks

(c) A scientist wants to record the number of dandelion plants in the grassland area.

Describe how they could use a 1m2 quadrat to estimate the number of dandelions
growing in the grassland area.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
2 marks

(d) The table below shows the population numbers for one food chain from the food
web.

organism number

dandelions 200

rabbits 20

foxes 4

Complete the pyramid of numbers on the graph paper below to represent this food
chain. Label the pyramid to show each animal.

2 marks
maximum 7 marks

Q11.
The diagram below represents the particles found in air.

Page 17 of 31
(a) Complete the following table. Use the diagram and key above to help you.

name symbol chemical formula

argon Ar

nitrogen

oxygen O2

3 marks

(b) Air is a gas at room temperature.

What evidence in the diagram above shows this?

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) A sample of air in a balloon is cooled.

Complete the sentences below using words from the box.
You may use each word more than once.

increases decreases stay the same

When the air is cooled, the volume of the air ........................................... and

the mass of the air ............................................. .

When the air is cooled, the density of the air ............................................. .

1 mark

(d) In 1902, the scientist Carl von Linde cooled air to produce liquid oxygen.

The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of four substances that
are found in air.

substance melting point (°C) boiling point (°C)

Page 18 of 31
 argon –189 –186

oxygen –218 –183

nitrogen –210 –196

water 0 100

Before Linde, scientists tried to produce liquid air by cooling it to –190°C.

Give a reason why liquid air was not produced.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 6 marks

Q12.
(a) Draw a line from each circuit symbol below to the correct name.
Draw only four lines.

circuit symbol name

3 marks

(b) Fred made circuit 1 as shown below.

Page 19 of 31
 Give the name of the part that is the energy source for the circuit.

.........................................................
1 mark

(c) Fred then made circuit 2 as shown below.

In the table below, tick a box to show whether circuit 1 and circuit 2 are series or
parallel circuits.
Tick only two boxes.

series parallel

circuit 1

circuit 2
1 mark

(d) What metal is usually used for wires in electric circuits?

...........................................................
1 mark
maximum 6 marks

Page 20 of 31
Mark schemes

Q1.
(a) • correct bulb symbol
accept other symbols for a bulb e.g.
1 (L4)

• correct switch symbol

do not accept a closed switch
1 (L4)

• components connected in series

accept circuits with the components in a different order

accept incorrect but recognisable symbols or drawings for
the third marking point only
do not accept responses where the number of components
is incorrect
1 (L4)

(b) • cell(s)
accept ‘battery’
1 (L3)

(c) • the bulb would be dimmer

accept ‘it decreases’
accept ‘it would become dimmer’
‘the current is less’ is insufficient
‘there is less power’ is insufficient
a comparative answer is required for the mark
‘it would be dim’ is insufficient as it does not describe the
change
do not accept ‘it goes out’
1 (L4)

(d) (i) • increase

accept ‘brighter’ or ‘becomes bright’
accept ‘stronger’
‘there is more power’ is insufficient
a comparative answer is required for the mark
‘it is bright’ is insufficient as it does not describe the change
1 (L4)

(ii) • bulbs would go out

accept ‘no brightness’ or ‘no light’
accept ‘it decreases’
accept ‘weaker’

Page 21 of 31
 ‘not bright’ is insufficient
‘none’ or ‘nothing’ are insufficient
‘there is no power’ is insufficient
‘darker’ is insufficient
1 (L4)
[7]

Q2.
(a) (i) they will increase
accept ‘more will die’ or ‘more will be eaten’
or ‘they will die out’
1 (L4)

(ii) they will decrease

do not accept ‘they will die’
or ‘they will be eaten’
1 (L4)

(b) one mark is for the name of a predator and one mark is for the prey
of that predator

(i) any one from

• perch

• midge larva

• diving beetle
1 (L4)

(ii) any one from

prey of perch:

• midge larva or diving beetle

prey of midge larva:

• water flea

prey of diving beetle:

• water flea or pond snail

1 (L4)

(iii) any one from

• algae → water flea → midge larva → perch

• algae → water flea → diving beetle → perch

• algae → pond snail → diving beetle → perch

• waterweed → pond snail → diving beetle → perch

1 (L4)
[5]

Page 22 of 31
Q3.
(a) iron or steel
accept ‘nickel’ or ‘cobalt’
1

(b) any one from

• because the poles are at the ends

• that is where the field is strongest

accept ‘that is where the magnet is strongest’
accept ‘the magnet is weakest in the middle’
or ‘there is more magnetism at the ends’
do not accept ‘that is where the magnetism is’
1

(c) any one from

• in a north-south direction
accept ‘North’ or ‘South’

• with the north pole pointing North

• with the south pole pointing South

1

(d) (i)

all three poles are required for the mark

1

(ii) Could be in any direction

if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1
[5]

Q4.
(a) any one from

• the colour had changed

• the water was brown or darker or grey

accept ‘the colour’
do not accept ‘the coffee disappeared’
1 (L3)

(b) (i) • D
1 (L3)

(ii) • P
accept ‘the filter paper’

Page 23 of 31
 ‘the filter’ is insufficient
accept ‘the paper’
1 (L3)

(c) (i) any one from

• to cool the water vapour

accept ‘to cool the steam or gas’

• to condense the water vapour

accept ‘to condense the steam or gas’

• change gas or vapour back to water

accept ‘to cool it or the glass tube’
do not accept references to liquid coffee condensing
1 (L3)

(ii) • from a liquid into a gas

2 (L4)

• evaporation
1 (L4)

• condensation
1 (L4)
award one mark for each correct word in the correct place
[8]

Q5.
(a) (i) copper or steel
accept ‘iron’ or ‘brass’ or ‘aluminium’ or ‘metal’
do not accept ‘a conductor’
1

(ii) wood or plastic or rubber

accept any named insulator
do not accept ‘an insulator’ or ‘not a conductor`
1

(b) the circuit is completed or there is a complete circuit

accept ‘it makes a circuit’
accept ‘electricity can flow’
do not accept ‘because there is a contact’
1

(c) paint is an insulator or paint does not conduct electricity

accept ‘paint is not a conductor’
or ‘electricity cannot go through paint’
accept ‘it is not a complete circuit’
do not accept ‘the paint is in the way’
1
[4]

Q6.

Page 24 of 31
 (a) (i) 10
accept answers from 7 to 13
1

(ii) any one from

• only some or 10% of the energy intake is passed on to the

next level in the food chain

• only some or 10% of the energy is stored in tissues

• some energy is wasted at each stage

• less energy is passed on to the carnivore

consequential marking applies
accept the percentage given in part (a) (i)
1

(b) a lot of energy is needed for muscle contraction

1

(c) any one from

• a cow cannot produce the correct enzyme

• micro-organisms produce the correct enzyme or cellulase

1

(d) folds increase the surface area

1

any one from

• more absorption takes place

• absorption takes place more efficiently

• absorption takes place more quickly

1
[6]

Q7.
(a) (i) speeds up clotting or the reaction
accept ‘reduces time for clotting’
1

(ii) any one from

• the pH is low in the stomach

accept ‘the pH is correct in the stomach’

• hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach

• the stomach is acidic

• it clots most quickly in acid conditions

Page 25 of 31
 • the conditions in the stomach are ideal for the activity of the enzyme
1

(ii) it stops
accept ‘it slows down’
1

any one from

• the acid is neutralised

• the intestine is alkaline

• the intestine is less acid

accept ‘all the milk was already clotted’
1

(b) (i) at 60°C the enzyme or rennin is denatured or destroyed

1

(ii) any one from

• the enzyme is not denatured or destroyed at 0°C

• the enzyme was only inactive at 0°C

1

(iii) any one from

• test a greater number of temperatures

do not accept ‘test a greater range of temperatures’

• test more temperatures between 25°C and 60°C

1

(c) any one from

• amino acids

• polypeptides

• peptides
1
[8]

Q8.
(a) (i) oak tree → caterpillar → blackbird → owl
all three answers are required for the mark
1 (L4)

(ii) It makes food by photosynthesis.

if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)

(b) either

• decreased or went down

Page 26 of 31
 1 (L3)

any one from

• fewer leaves to feed on

• gypsy moth caterpillars ate most of the leaves

accept ‘gypsy moth caterpillars ate the leaves’
accept ‘the gypsy moth caterpillars ate all the
leaves or all the food’

• less food
accept ‘no food’
accept ‘they were competing for food’
1 (L4)

or

any one from

• increased or went up

• stayed the same

1 (L3)

any one from

• they had enough food or leaves

• more eggs hatched

1 (L4)

(c) the tree loses its leaves

accept ‘no leaves’ or ‘no food’; accept ‘it is too cold’
accept ‘caterpillars change into pupae
or chrysalises or moths’
do not accept ‘caterpillars hibernate in winter’
1 (L4)
[5]

Q9.
(a) (i) 500
1 (L5)

(ii) more carbon dioxide

1 (L6)

more water vapour

1 (L6)

less oxygen
1 (L6)
answer may be in any order

(b) (i) trachea or wind pipe

1 (L5)

Page 27 of 31
 alveolus
accept ‘alveoli’ or ‘air sac’
answers must be in the correct order
1 (L5)

(ii) any one from

• to support the trachea

accept ‘to support it’

• to keep the trachea open

• to prevent the trachea from collapsing

accept ‘to strengthen the trachea’ or ‘to make it strong’
do not accept ‘to protect the windpipe’
1 (L6)
[7]

Q10.
(a) • blackbirds eat more snails so they eat fewer caterpillars
accept ‘blackbirds eat snails instead of caterpillars’
‘blackbirds eat more snails’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘blackbirds stop eating caterpillars’
1 (L6)

(b) • blackbirds eat the snails, owls eat the blackbirds

accept ‘the owls eat many blackbirds’
accept ‘blackbirds eat many snails’
‘snails eat the poison’ is insufficient
1 (L7)

• the poison (passes up the food chain and) becomes more

concentrated
accept ‘bioaccumulation’
accept ‘the poison accumulates’
accept ‘animals do not excrete the poison’
accept ‘the poison persists (in the body)’
‘owls eat a large amount of poison that has been passed up
the food chain’ is insufficient
‘owls are bigger’ is insufficient
1 (L7)

(c) any one from

• throw the quadrat (randomly) and count the number of dandelions

• take several readings and find an average

for two marks, an answer must contain one of the first two
marking points and an indication that the number will be
multiplied by the area
1 (L7)

• multiply the number by the total (grassland) area

1 (L7)

Page 28 of 31
 (d) • a pyramid of numbers drawn to scale with dandelions on
the bottom where:
rabbits cover 50 small squares
foxes cover 10 small squares

accept an otherwise correct response that is not aligned to

the centre
one mark for labelled boxes in the correct order as shown
one mark for correctly sized bars (even if not labelled)
2 (L7)
[7]

Q11.
(a) • N2
do not accept ‘N2’ or ‘2N’ or ‘N + N’ or ‘N2’
1 (L6)

•
do not accept shaded circles for O2
ignore size of circles
1 (L6)

• water (vapour) or steam H2O

accept ‘hydrogen oxide’
accept ‘OH2’
both answers are required for the mark
1 (L7)

(b) • particles are separate or not joined or spread out

accept ‘molecules’ for ‘particles’
‘atoms’ or ‘elements’ are insufficient in place of particles
‘they are separate’ is insufficient
1 (L7)

(c) • decreases
stays the same
increases
answers must be in the correct order
all three answers are required for the mark
1 (L7)

(d) any one from

• water or argon would be solid or frozen

• nitrogen would be a gas

Page 29 of 31
 • ice would form
‘air is a mixture of different gases’ is insufficient
1 (L7)
[6]

Q12.
(a)

all four lines are required for three marks

any three lines are required for two marks
any two lines are required for one mark
if more than one line is drawn from a symbol,
do not give credit for that symbol
3 (L4)

(b) battery
accept ‘cell’ or ‘cells’
accept ‘power supply’ or ‘power pack’
1 (L4)

(c)
series parallel

circuit 1

circuit 2

both ticks are required for one mark

if more than one box is ticked in any row, award no mark
1 (L4)

(d) copper
accept ‘aluminium’

Page 30 of 31
accept ‘gold’
do not accept any other metal
1 (L4)
[6]

Page 31 of 31