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MODERN WOMAN
AND HOW TO
Si MANAGE HER ^
WALTER M. OALLICIIAN
_X-
MODERN
WOMAN
AND HOW TO
MANAGE HER
OF G*UF. L8S&ARY. LOi

MODERN WOMAN
AND
HOW TO MANAGE HER
By WALTER M. GALLICHAN
NEW YORK
JOHN LANE COMPANY
MCMX
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I.
AN AGE LONG CONFLICT.

The Sexes at Variance In Savage Tribes Love
and Hate co-existent Love and the Desire to
Inflict Pain Why Women Torture their Lovers
Are Women Gentle?
CHAPTER II.
THE WARFARE TO-DAY.

The Eternal Misunderstanding Between the Sexes
The Accusation by Women of Men's Selfishness
Woman " "
as a
Tormenting Joy Woman's
Emotionality and its Spurious Outlets Woman
and Religion Woman and Art Nervous
Fatigue" in Modern Woman Why Women
"
Nag The Tyranny of Woman.
CHAPTER III.
THE DUEL IN LOVE.
Falling in Love Its Effect upon Men Its Influence

upon Women The Differences between the
Love of Men and Women Engagement Why
Women like Long Engagements Why Long
Engagements are often Fatal Love as a Fine
Art The Conflict of Lovers Man-hating
Women, Real and Professed Militant Spinsters
Men who fear Women.
CHAPTER IV.
THE WAR IN WEDLOCK.
Ideal Marriage Con-
Marriage as it often is Why
jugality is Frequently a State of Warfare The
2129779
CONTENTS
Modern Woman's View of Wedlock The Pro-
found Ignorance of Husbands The Profound
Ignorance of Wives The Rift in the Lute
Can it be Mended? Marriage To-day and in
the Future Is the Free Union a greater suc-
cess than Marriage?
CHAPTER
V.
THE FEUDTHE FAMILY.
IN
Brothers and Sister The Clash Between Them
The Quarrels of Parents Concerning the Train-
ing of Children The Revolt of the Daughters
The British Father The Type Described
The British Matron Described The Advanced
Daughter The Escape from Home Life
Women in Clubs.
CHAPTER VI.
THE STRIFE OF BREADWINNING.
Women in the Professions and Trades Their Posi-
tion The Rivalry with Men Is Woman fit to
Work? Moral Effects of Woman's Labour
The " Social Evil."
CHAPTER VII.
THE BATTLE IN POLITICS.
The Dreaded Rule of Women Intellectual Women
The Struggle for Freedom The Woman's
Suffrage Crusade and its Lessons Men's Hos-
tility Portents of the Sex War.
CHAPTER VIII.
CAN THERE BE PEACE?
A Plea for a Freer Association of the Sexes
Feminine Perversity Sex War as a Cause of
Social Dissolution Supremacy or Equality ?
Possibility of Peace.
MODERN WOMAN
AND
HOW TO MANAGE HER
CHAPTER I.
AN AGE-LONG CONFLICT.
THERE has been no period of human history

when the sons of men have proved invulnerable
charms and arts of the daughters of men.
to the
The poems of the most primitive singers pro-
claim the attraction and the grace of Woman,
and in all ages poets have acclaimed love with
ecstacy and passion. Among the Western
nations Woman has been beatified, exalted,
even deified. In the East she has stood as the
type of ravishing beauty, as the voluptuous

charmer of Man, and the reward for his valour
or virtue.
Not only among the Eastern races has Woman
been regarded as the greatest meed that Man
can win. " A crowd of beautiful
virgins," it is
written in the Edda, " wait the heroes in the
Hall of Odin, and fill their cups as fast as they
empty them."
2 MODERN WOMAN
In the Age of
Chivalry rhapsody upon
Woman approached mania. Petrarch and Dante
were love-dazed, obsessed by an illusion of
Woman. Bernard de Ventadour was willing
to relinquish heaven if debarred from seeing his
mistress before the throne of God. The Roman-
ticists raved about the beauty, the wit, and the
virtue of an ideal being, whom they almost
deified, placed on a pedestal, and adored as
Woman.
These extravagant eulogies and glowing flat-
might lead us to believe that the adoration
teries
of Woman, and the privileges accorded to her,
entirely overruled theantagonism of the sexes.
There is, however, abundant proof that, in the
very height of this craze of Woman Worship,
men feared women, personified them as evil, and
even hated and despised them.
Renan wittily remarked that the Church raised
woman into " the fascination of a sin." While
Dante broke into rapture and ecstasy at the
purely ideal conception of a maiden, who would

probably have thought him a lunatic had he
spoken to her, the Church was teaching her
children that
Fierce is the dragon and cunning the asp,
But woman has the malice of both.

"
Tertullian called woman " the devil's gate ;
AND HOW TO MANAGE HER 3
St. Augustine asked why women were born at

all, and warned young men to beware of the
Eve in every woman. St. Jerome described
" and
woman as " the root of all evil ; Luther,
although he swept away the preposterous doc-
trine that celibacy is one of the highest moral
virtues, advocated the withholding of culture

from women on the ground that " no gown worse
becomes a woman than the desire to be wise."
Under a statute of Henry VIII. "women and
others of low condition " were forbidden to read
the Scriptures.
I could fill this chapter with quotations from
the Fathers, showing how deep was the distrust
and the misunderstanding of woman during
the period when minstrels and poets sang
inflated paeans to the beauty and purity of their
mistresses. Many of these pious passages are,
to say the least, written in unseemly language;
they are all characterised by a spirit of contempt

or disgust for women.
Women, were either openly or
in their turn,
secretly at war with men. The wiser among

women discerned the true import of all this
adulation; They knew that the angel of to-day
was often the demon of to-morrow; and that
men ceased to praise them when they set them-
selves in conflict with male egoism. Many a
4 MODERN WOMAN
queen of chivalry knew that her lord was a poor
fool. Women issued no authoritative and
official denunciation of men, like that of the
ecclesiastic writers concerning women; but then,
as to-day, they talked among themselves of the
stupidity, selfishness, and tyranny of their
spouses, and cultivated the arts of cunning and

strategy, which are ever the weapons of the
enslaved.
The normal antagonism of women towards
men was heightened by the attitude of men.
If a woman exhibited greater intelligence than
the masculine clodpates of her community, she
was exposed to a charge of witchcraft.
the Teutons honoured their " wise
Now,
women," who were no doubt the forerunners
of witches; but the wise woman at a later period
was attributed with malign power, and regarded
as a menace to her neighbours. Thousands of
innocent women were tortured during those
Middle Ages that certain writers of belles lettres
affect to admire as a romantic golden era. The
proportion of witches vastly outnumbers the
number of wizards who were persecuted.
But what need to speak of the Middle Ages ?
Under the Common Law of England, in Boston,
about the year 1 not " persons "
850, women were
or " citizens," and their husbands could beat
them " with a stick no bigger than his thumb."

Women had no personal rights, no ownership
in the clothes that they wore, and no claim to
the money that they earned. What a glorious
era for the domestic Satrap !
The instinctive impulse of woman to tease,
torment, and revenge herself upon her owner,

Man, was fostered by such means as these. I
describe this impulse as fundamental, because
it is a
phase of love, the strongest passion known
to humanity. But it has developed into a
systematic warfare, and is now a policy and a
method rather than a primitive impulsion.
There are two universal theories concerning
women: (i) That she is gentle, and (2) That
she is cruel.How have these conflicting views
arisen? Why do men when in grief or diffi-
culties so often seek the sympathy and the
advice of women? Why, on the other hand,
do men declare that women are capable of
incredible cruelty? Let us attempt to explain
this enigma.
In those countries where marriage by capture
still survives, we shall find instructive evidence of
that form of the antagonism of the sexes which

is
inseparable from the great business of love-
making. In New Zealand, not long ago, a
Maori wooer, with the consent of the girl's
6 MODERN WOMAN
parents, employed force in winning his bride.
He seized the maiden and bore her away,
struggling, biting, kicking. Maori girls are

almost as physically strong as men, and it was
often a wrestling match of fairly equal com-
batants. Weread that it was sometimes "the
work of hours " before the captor could carry
the resisting maiden a hundred yards. Thus
love begins among the Maoris, as among other
and more advanced races, with actual cruelty,
strife, and pain.
A Bedouin virgin makes a show of resistance
to her lover by pelting him with stones, which
often wound the suitor. When he grapples
with her, she bites, and uses her fists and nails,
even though she loves him, and desires to be
captured. The European woman does not, as
a rule, display such forms of physical violence;
but the elements of anger, fear, and the desire
to inflict pain enter more or less into most court-
ships.
In Spain, until the middle of the nineteenth
century, women took pleasure in watching a
lover flog himself until the blood flowed; and
the elaborate system of courtship still observed
in that country which insists that the suitor
should wait for hours, day after day, beneath
the maiden's window till she deigns to smile
upon him is a survival of the ancientcustom

of self-torture as a means of winning a woman's
favour.
There are cases recorded of women who find
exquisite satisfaction in the infliction of both

mental and physical pain upon their lovers.
Such manifestations are related to the passion
of love, and have a very important biological
significance.
From this source springs the female instinct
of teasing, which is noticeable even
among little
girls in their play with boys. Every man can
recallboyish experiences of this kind. From
fourteen up to "sweet seventeen," and some-
times after that age, girls frequently tease, snub,
and vex the youths of their acquaintance with
much zest. The shyest boys are most exposed
to these
lacerating snubs. man dare No be as
rude as a woman. Her sex protects her from
the retaliation of a retort discourteous. This
love of tormenting the opposite sex reaches its
height in many young girls when a young man

is
deeply in love with them; and the romantic
and ardent types of youths are the chief sufferers
from this form of feminine bullying.
Many women relate, in the most cold-blooded
terms, stories of their conquests over the affec-
tions of men. Their treatment of devoted
8 MODERN WOMAN
suitors is often cruel in the extreme. I have
heard a beautiful woman of this order describe
with gusto the manner in which she first en-
couraged her lovers, and then, having brought
them to her feet, rejected them with polite
disdain. The spectacle of a man grovelling for
her consent caused acute pleasure.
The emotion that underlies this impulse to
tease men, and to excite their anger, is a phase
of sex-antagonism, but it is very intimately
associated with sexual feeling. The contempt,
the coldness, and the cruelty are unconsciously
directedby the woman towards an end, and they
are frequently the expression of an amative
nature. In its milder forms, unkindness to a
lover is a very common trait among women.
It is often employed to stimulate ardour and to
test a man's devotion. Women
who, in love,
first blow hot and then cold turn are obeying
by
a primitive instinct, which has played an impor-
tant part in the relationship of the sexes. When
a woman comes an hour late to the tryst with
her lover, and receives him with coolness,
though on the previous occasion she may have
met him with fervour, she is acting with design
and aforethought. Among animals and savages
this show of indifference is marked, and some-
times highly exaggerated. With civilised
women the tactic is subtle and complex, and
often not
purely In the highest
conscious.
types of cultured women, the impulse shrinks

almost to the vanishing point. The thoughtful
woman, who is as frank about her passions as
she is
concerning her intellectual opinions, has
no use for this artifice, and she condemns it as
a device that no longer appeals to the best types
of men.
Perfect that is to say, passionate love is
not without fear on the woman's side. Fear is
a stimulant, like pain in certain forms; and there

are women who can only love men who are
masterful, with a trace of fierceness. Evidence
of this fact is to be found in the very numerous
instances of women who are strongly attached
to harsh and even brutal men. The element of
fear, which is a part of modesty, has a physio-
logical use, and nearly all women experience

this dread.
When I allude to the cruelty of women, I
do not mean that kind of cruelty which men

and boys often exhibit in their treatment of
animals. There are more men than women
among the lovers of sports that inflict pain on
brutes. Boys are often fond of annoying and
hurting animals, but this tendency is somewhat
uncommon among girls.
The maternal instinct
io MODERN WOMAN
inhibits form of cruelty in women; the
this
mother-feeling is protective and pitiful towards

the weak and helpless.
Woman's cruelty vents itself upon man, and
in some cases upon children. Nothing can excel
that callous and malignant cruelty which second
wives often display in their treatment of children
by a first wife. There are innumerable records
of beating, burning, and mutilating children,
which might lead us to believe that " the gentle
sex " and " a mother's love " are mere poetic
figures of speech.
Are women gentle, after all? Yes, they are
normally more commiserative and sym-
softer,
pathetic, than men; but under stress they are

more cruel than our sex. In wars and revolu-
tions women have shown themselves merciless
and possessed by a furor of cruelty. It is the
women among savage tribes who torture and

maim the wounded in battle. And civilised
women can commit frightful outrages during
revolts and civil wars, when urged to violence
by a sense of injury inflicted upon their class

or their sex.
A man in an explosion of temper may be cruel
and violent, but his cruelty is usually
spon-
taneous and " a short madness," as the ancients
said of anger. It is not thoughtfully planned
AND HOW> TO MANAGE HER n
and deliberately carried through. A woman
who desires revenge often acts calmly, showing
great ingenuity in her methods.
A bruise on the flesh is
nothing; a wound
upon the sensitive heart is one of the most
terrible forms of torture. I do not deny that
men often wound women by
their speech; but
they do not excel, as a sex, in the use of the

tongue as a weapon. They are clumsy in retort
and invective. Many women are perfect mis-
tresses of mordant sarcasm, and they delight in
scarifying their victims. Nagging must be
considered presently, but, in passing, we may
it as a
refer to typical manifestation of feminine
cruelty. A
scolding wife is a scourge. Better
to be flogged periodically with the cat-o'-nine-
tails than to be
whipped, and and stung, goaded
to fury at intervals
by a woman's spiteful tongue.
But even a nagging wife may prove a bless-
ing. She a cure for consumption. In a village
is
where I lived for a few years was a mechanic,

disabled for work by lung disease. He was
forced to spend the whole day in the company
of his wife, who was a terrible termagant. The
perpetual nagging and chiding became unbear-
able. At last the wretched man made it his
custom to go out and sit in the fields whenever
his wife began to rate him. And to this I
12 MODERN WOMAN
attribute his recovery from consumption. It
was the rest and open-air remedy. But if his

wife's tongue had not driven him out of the
house, he could never have adopted this sanitary
method. There is no evil without good in it.
I have heard of men
"
being nagged to death."
This man was nagged to life.
Whether a gentle woman is more gentle than
a gentle man I have never been able to decide.
I think that a woman perceives more quickly
than a man when she is causing irritation or pain.
This accounts perhaps for her frequent supe-
riority both as a healer and as one who wounds.
She apprehends quickly that which will soothe
or irritate, and acts on either impulse with
palpable results. If she wishes to plunge you

into hell, she will do it ruthlessly. If she
desires to you into the seventh heaven, she
lift
you by a sweet exercise of her intuition

will raise
and gentleness. A woman can be more like an
angel than a man. She can also prove more like
a fiend.
I hear my women
readers objecting to this.
Women usually assert that men cause more
suffering to women than women inflict upon
men. Howcan you tell, dear woman reader?
You are not a man; only a man can affirm the
amount of pain that a woman causes him. We
can only say that the sexes torment one another

in avery appalling fashion. And the appraising
of the degree of suffering is a mere matter of
experience and comparison. It cannot be tested
by precise calculations, nor by means of an

instrument. Therefore, it must remain an open
and debatable point.
CHAPTER II.
THE WARFARE TO-DAY.
" MEN don't understand us." How many

times, my man reader, have you heard this
statement in the course of your life? I have
heard it reiterated times without number, and

I shall continue to hear it until I die.
" Men don't understand us." I can visualise
at least a score of women, of different ages and
of varying degrees of charm, uttering this
formula in diverse tones, from the tenderly
pathetic to the fiercely combative.
No, we do not understand woman, nor does
she understand us, wholly and rightly. Men
undoubtedly understand women more than
women would care to admit, but the comprehen-
sion is
incomplete on both sides. How can man
understand woman when she admittedly cannot
understand herself?
I propose to bring up the chief indictments
of women against my sex, and to weigh the tes-
timony as judicially as I am able. I will then
14
siftthe evidence of men against women. The

foremost accusation directed at men by women
is that they are Selfish. I
give the adjective a
all know
capital letter to emphasise it; for we
how emphatically women pronounce this word
when we stand shivering in the domestic tribunal,
trying to explain and to excuse ourselves.
" Men are so selfish " the
stress, if you will
;
" are." I have

notice, is generally laid upon the
heard this charge so often that I have almost
begun to doubt its That everyone is
veracity.
selfish is
good generalisation to work upon;
a
that the male human being is more selfish than
woman is a rather different postulate.
What is selfishness? My dictionary defini-
" The exclusive
tion is :
regard of a person to
his own interest or happiness; or that supreme
self-love or self-preference which leads a person
in his actions to direct his purposes to the
advancement of his own interest, power, or
happiness, without regarding the interestof
others. Selfishness, in its worst or unqualified
sense, is the very essence of human depravity,
and stands in direct opposition to benevolence,
which is the very essence of the divine character.
As God is love, so man, in his natural state, is
selfishness. Selfishness : a vice utterly at
variance with the happiness of him who harbours

16 MODERN WOMAN
it, and as such condemned by self-love."
Mackintosh.
Let us take breath. If " man in his natural
state is selfishness," we must all, men and

women, alike plead guilty. We are all un-
righteous; we are all fools, and we are all selfish.
What concerns us for the moment is whether

women right in burdening men with so
are
heavy a share in this guilt of self-love.

I see in one of the groves or avenues of
Tooting a middle-aged citizen of the male sex,
eternally panting to catch the 9.14, which takes

him each day to Basinghall Street. I see him
through an aeon, seated at a desk in a stuffy
office, surrounded by the driest of tomes that
go by the name of books, writing, calculating,

and endeavouring to do that duty to which Fate
has called him. Once a year he goes to the
seaside for a fortnight, trifles with a golf club,
takes his morning plunge in the sea, and
tries to forget what a terrible machine he is when
in Basinghall Street for the rest of the
year.
The few green spots in the desert of his life
could be counted on his fingers.
In the scheme of things what is he? The
eternal protector of the brood, the house-band,
the guid man, the paterfamilias, the
English
papa. Once he stalked almost nude in the
woods, with a stone axe in his hand, looking

for a rival hunter to brain, or a beast of venery
to slay. He was more picturesque in those
day, common one. And yet we know well
his weapons are in the British Museum, and a
cheap frock-coat and trousers hide the natural
man. You may say that he is just doing his
simple duty. Quite so; but he would much
prefer to play golf, or to potter about his garden,
and might do so were it not for the desire to
make his children's lives easier than his life
was in childhood. Instead of retiring at fifty-
five, which he could do if he stinted his wife

and daughters in their dress allowance, he will
continue to drudge in the City until he is senile
and worn-out.
Now, this worthy person is typical; I have
not selected an unusual instance, but an every-
day common one. And yet we know well
enough that he will not escape the reproach of

his women-folk that he is selfish. Of course he
is selfish. Is he not a man? This pampered
epicure drinks a bottle of wine occasionally and
smokes fourpenny cigars. He is also guilty of
travelling second-class instead of third-class. Is
he not proved guilty ?
Assuredly he is a selfish
man. He always occupies the most comfortable
easy chair when he comes home tired from the
i8 MODERN WOMAN
City. What need have we to add to the list of
his offences? He
is a selfish man.
Modern women assure us that, through the
selfishness of men, they are unable to live their
own lives. The man who pays the piper calls
the tune, and women have to dance to it. In
the blissful millennium of " the economic free-
dom of women," which I, for one man, hope to
realise, women will change all this. What
living one's own life means
precisely I have
never discovered. No man can live his own

life, if he is poor or married. No woman can
live her own life, if she wishes to set men an
example of unselfishness.
Let us take a few common instances of the
alleged inordinate selfishness of men. Edwin
and Angelina have been married a year, and the
question of the annual holiday is discussed by
" " I would
them. Mydear," remarks Edwin,
like to go to Bournemouth for our holidays.
There are good golf links there."
Angelina looks solemn. She is silent while
Edwin dilates on the joys of Bournemouth.
Presently she speaks; her forehead is ruffled, and
her voice is curious, distant, and polite, like that
of a stranger. Selfish Edwin is astonished.
"What, you don't want to go to Bourne-
mouth ? "
'9
" You know I wanted to to Hastings."

go
" But I hate Hastings."
" Has it never struck hate
you that I may
Bournemouth? 'As a matter of fact, I have
often said that Bournemouth is detestable."
Edwin is
glum for several moments.
"
Well, my dear," he resumes, I'll
go to
Hastings if you like, but you know I shan't
enjoy it."
"
Oh,you won't enjoy it, for goodness' sake
if
don't go. I don't want to

drag you to Hastings
against your will. I'll
go to Bournemouth.
. . .
It is always the woman who has to give in."
Angelina emits a deep, hollow sigh, and folds

her hands resignedly upon her lap, looking the
very picture of martyrdom. Edwin mutters,

takes up the newspaper, and goes away to sulk.
Yes, I
suppose Edwin, in this case, is abomin-
ably But how do you describe Ange-
selfish.
lina's Her mere asseveration that it

conduct?
is
"always the woman who has to give in"
proves that she is both inaccurate and selfish.
Edwin unless we must believe him to be an
utter brute " "
very often gives in to Angelina.
But she does not choose to remember this. It
would be treachery to her principles to remember
it.
Deeply dinted into her brain is the im-
pression that men are selfish, and that women
20 MODERN WOMAN
always give in to them in the long-run. She
must be faithful to this feminine creed.
" There is more in married life
quarrelling
about whether a window shall be open or shut
than from any other cause," said a woman to
me. I think it is the minor issues that cause
the most friction between average married folk.
The conflict of egoisms is not so often urged
upon great causes as upon comparative trifles.
And, unless both the man and his wife are
capable of constant compromise, we witness

scenes of domestic discord and fury. To "
give
in" gracefully and with dignity is not an easy
art in any form of partnership. It is, however,
a most necessary accomplishment.

Another accusation levelled by women against
men is that of coarseness and sensuality. I do
not deny that a large number of men are coarse
in thought and speech. Most men are plainer
and ruder than women in their conversation.
But if coarseness is the masculine note, vulgarity
is the prevailing feminine note, in allusion to
certain vital subjects. Men jest indecently
about the physical relationship of the sexes, and
in all classes of society, sex is a topic of flippant,
unseemly, and extremely stupid conversation.

Women, as a rule, are not coarse-minded; they
do not engage in obscene jokes about the cor-
poreal aspect of the love-passion, but many

women talk of love with a rn'ixture of cynicism
and vulgarity that is akin to grossness.
The coarseness of men and the flippant vul-
garity of women in the discussion of love are
phenomena of so-called civilised communities,

wherein decent frankness in sex matters is in-
hibited by prudery. In those countries where
religion is harsh, and the priest in the ascendant,
blasphemy is a common offence. Men deride
sacred things, and take the name of the holy
in vain, whenever religion is oppressive and a
menace to the enjoyment of worldly pleasures.
Mystery and taboo surround religions, and the
same mystery and prohibitory restrictions upon
open discussion surround the deeply important
subject of sex.
Human perversity finds a relief and pleasure
in jesting upon those topics, which society has
set aside as unmentionable
except in furtive
whispers. Hence coarseness in men, and levity
in women, in the everyday allusion to love
between the sexes, is a reaction against an
unnatural and injurious reticence. Impurity of
is common in both sexes. It is only
thought
its
expression that differs. I can point to many
men and women who are pure in body, but I
have met very few who are pure in thought.
22 MODERN WOMAN
In regard to sex we are in a most unwhole-
some and diseased state of mind, and until our
minds are purged from the twin evils of prudery
and coarseness, moral reform is impossible in
that great field of thought and action controlled
by the sex-impulse. We need to substitute
clean plain-speaking for the sly whisper, the
foolish veiled allusion, the unclean joke, and
the indecent snigger.
The sensuality of men is a frequent reproach.
Here, again, only a question of difference

it is
between the sexes in the manifestation of plea-,

sure in indulgence of the senses.
the In a
highly complex state of civilisation sensuality

is increased by constant stimulation and a
heightened imagination. There is a false view,

often advanced by preachers and writers, that
savages are exceedingly lascivious and grossly

sensual. Savages, living under healthy primi-
tive conditions, are continent, and even ascetic,
in comparison with cultured races living in ease
and luxury. The amative passions of the refined
man or woman are very frequently in a state
of hyperaesthesia through a hundred stimulating
influences.
The love of women for dainty food, soft beds,
luxurious and well-warmed rooms, pretty
dresses, and personal ornaments is sensual.
Jeremy Taylor gave thanks to God for his

sensual pleasures, and if we are healthy-minded
we shall do the same. There is no cause for
shame in the satisfaction which we derive from
a well-prepared and
relishing dinner, a glass of
wine, or a cigar. If we believe in a beneficent
Creator, we insult His wisdom by pretending

that the pleasure of the gustatory sense is sinful
or unworthy. If we believe in the intelligence
of Nature, we should surely recognise that our
nervous systems were given us as a means of
recording pleasureable as well as painful sensa-
tions.
Wholesome satisfaction of the desires of the

senses is so commonly confused with disordered
desires that we prate about " sensual pleasure "
as something abnormal or evil. Women are
more prone than men to talk this kind of cant.
In a large measure, the teaching of the
Catholic Church is the source of this unnatural
recoil against perfectly harmless, and indeed
beneficial, enjoyment of the senses. The pro-
scriptions and penalties have defeated their ends;
and in the reaction men have become more and
not less sensual, through the fanatical teaching
of absolute chastity as a high virtue.
In The English Woman, an instructive book
by David Staars, a Frenchman, the author says
24 MODERN WOMAN
that women
look upon men as big children. I
have often heard this comparison of men with

children uttered by the Modern Woman. In
a very healthy and admirable manner men are
children. They retain the freshness, keenness,
and simplicity of childhood longer than women.
They have more hobbies than women; they play
oftener and more naturally, and they are less
concerned to appear on their dignity.
A woman soon ceases to be youthful because
she is so conscious of the fact that she is a
woman, and so palpably anxious to avoid appear-

I have noted this
ing skittish or ridiculous.
difference between the sexes when directing a
company of village players. The men and boys

threw themselves into a comic part with a simple
regard for acting. The women and girls were
afraid that they might appear ridiculous in the
eyes of their friends, and they were three times

as self-conscious as the menplayers. They had
no wish to be funny; they wanted to look pretty
and, at the same time, dignified. The explana-
tion is that woman is condemned to pose; she
cannot permit herself to be childish, and she dare
not romp after eighteen at the latest.
In a man's club known to me, I often see
portly members of
fifty
or sixty
romping like
schoolboys, and the spectacle delights me. It

is a splendid thing to retainsome of the high

spirits of boyhood. Remember, too, that the
genius is akin to the child. You do not insult
"
a man by calling him a great boy." It is not
a mark of a feeble intelligence to take pleasure

in simple things. It is often the sign of a great
mind, and this may be easily proved by collecting

a few facts upon the recreations of learned and
illustrious men.
When we consider that most of the big affairs
of life are in the hands of men, and that the
world has jogged along fairly well, we need not
feel affronted when women declare that we are
"only children."
In their feminine way, women are as
own
childlike as men.
Their talk is generally sillier
than ours; they are full of puerile conceits, and
they are, in their own manner, quite as frivolous
as their brothers. Go into the main streets of
the West End of London upon any afternoon,
and you crowds of women of every age
will see
blocking the traffic on the pavements, while they

gaze at the useless whim-whams and bits of
ribbon in the shop windows. Yet if a man goes
fishing, or plays games, these women will smile
pityingly, and call him " a big child."
Irascibility is another specific failing ascribed

by women to men. But men have not the
26 MODERN WOMAN
monopoly of and I seriously
this characteristic;
doubt whether they are, on the whole, as irritable
and prone to outbursts of ill-temper as women.
Breakings-out in our asylums are commoner in
the female than the male wards. I can see very
little difference between the bluster of a choleric
man and the anger of a nerve-tired, hysterical

woman. In both cases we have an explosion,
and generally the explosion is more prolonged
in the case of the woman, though it
may be less
violent.
This brings us to the consideration of
feminine nagging, its cause and nature. The
widespread prevalence of scolding among
women has given rise to many cynical aphorisms
upon a woman's tongue and the sting in it.
Our ancestors invented the brank, or scold's
bridle, an instrument of penance worn by con-

tentious wives as a cure for nagging.
Nagging is a form of feminine energy.

Woman's tongue is fluent and glib, and she is
fond of employing that organ. Often she scolds

automatically, as it were, as a thrush sings in a
wet dawn. Most women tend to scold unduly.
The working woman uses the most dire and
terrible threats towards her children, without
any intention of carrying them into practice.
It relieves her feelings to nag at someone, just
as a sharp storm of temper and " a good swear "

relieves the irritated man.
Unfortunately women prolong their scold-
ings. They go on and onin a lively torrent
of words, gaining fresh energy as they proceed.
Nagging women are not infrequently murdered

by their husbands; they are very often beaten.
There are naggers in all classes. In polite
society, a nagging woman is as incisively insolent

as her sister of the slums, though her phrases
are more refined. The cold, educated nagger
is the worst of all. The hysterical woman,
sooner or weeps and collapses, or becomes
later,
a temporary lunatic, and resorts to physical
means of displaying her indignation.
Nagging is not wholly a vice. It is a phase
of the maternal instinct of reproof and dis-
cipline. The impulse to nag must be regarded

as common and normal in women, and it is only
when the nagging is incessant and excessive that
it
degenerates into a morbid vice. The best
way to manage a nagging woman is to agree
with her that you are a perfect brute and wretch;
and then to laugh at her. If that fails, fly from
her presence.
Woman is more emotional than man. This
is shown in many ways; but nothing proves it
better than the attitude of women towards

28 MODERN WOMAN
religion, and drama and fiction.
their taste in the
Women are said to be more pious than men.
They are certainly more attracted and influenced
than men by the emotional element, the rituals
and the ceremonies of religions. On the other
hand, the founders of creeds are, among women,
a very insignificant proportion as compared with
the founders of new faiths among men.
Women are the strongest supporters of the
clerical system, and the best friends to the priest.
Students of ecclesiastical history are in a position
to state whether the clergy have been the best
friends of women. From St. Paul downwards,
the teaching of the Church has not tended to
uplift the status of women, and in many direc-

tions that teaching has very seriously hindered
the ideal of sex-equality and a sane association
of the sexes.
Women are not attracted by the more rational
and ethical forms of religion. They desire
" emotion " in their
worship, and this emotion
is
very closely allied to the sentiment of love.
Women cheated of the chance of love turn
naturally to religion as a solace and an outlet.
The autobiography of Soeur Jeanne des Anges,
of Loudun, is a human document that casts a
strong light upon the association of religious

mysticism and the emotion of love.
In art it is
highly essential that the appeal
shall be made to women.
largelyWoman is
responsible for poor and meretricious work in

painting, the drama, poetry, and novels. The
trail of a forced is over our art,
sentimentality
and we are gravely afraid of the expression of
real, stirring, and vital emotions. This is per-
haps more evident in the case of the English
novel which is written chiefly for the amuse-
ment of women than in other " works of art,"
so-called.
The " lord of creation," man, disports himself
in a sort of Fool's Paradise. He imagines that
woman is his subordinate. In one sense he is
not deluded; but in another sense he is a foolish
dupe. The tyranny of woman is tremendous.
Man can boast of superior physical strength, a
wider range of opportunity, and a more fair and
open field of labour than fall to the lot of
women. To say this is to state all, and it is not
so great and so advantageous to the man as it
appears.
The supremest object of Nature is the con-
tinuance of the species. Unconscious of the
tyranny of woman, man toils all his life in
obedience to Nature's behest, and to one main
end to protect the mother and her offspring.
:
From Nature's point of view this is

essentially
the whole duty of man.
30 MODERN WOMAN
Men think that they are chosen as husbands
for their handsome features, their mental quali-
ties, or their charm of disposition. This belief
is as vain as it is
widespread. Most women
select their lover with careful deliberation, and
proper regard to his capacity as the faithful
breadwinner and the protector. Only a few
women are dominated in their choice of a hus-
band by fervid and romantic passion, the emo-
tion that almost deprives many men of reason.
Under an economic system that hinders women
from earning their own livings, or at the best
gives only the scantiest wage, how can we expect
the majority of women to take any view of mar-
riage but the arithmetical or the businesslike?

Custom and conventional morality deny to
women the happiness of love and the joy of
motherhood, unless they can secure men who
will maintain them and their children in comfort.
Man is the instrument of woman; he is
shaped
and used for her ends, and in the interest of the
species. He imagines that he is the wooer, the
captor,and the predominant partner after mar-

riage. Very few men realise the autocracy
under which they are doomed to live. Their
lordship is a delusion and a sham dignity. They
are only the obedient accomplices of women,
acting unconsciously in a conspiracy designed

by crafty Dame Nature.
CHAPTER III.
THE DUEL IN LOVE.
NATURE takes care that most men and women

shall fall in love ;
and all normal human
beings, from the age of sixteen to fifty, and
sometimes after that age, are susceptible to the
profound emotion of sex-love. Everyone
should fall in love at least once in his or her
lifetime, for those who have not known love are,
in the moral, emotional, and intellectual expe-
riences, lamentably incomplete. I distrust
persons who say that they have never been

swayed by this passion; and I like them least
of all when they vaunt the fact as a sign of
superiority or of wisdom.
Why do you ask me to admire you because
you are a fish, with fish emotions, a defective
nervous and circulatory system, and a lack of
imagination ?
These fish-men and fish-women are to be
pitied. Leave them
to the real or pretended
enjoyment of their cold-blooded superiority, and

31
32 MODERN WOMAN
do not take them too seriously. They go about
the world prating their fish-like
warnings and
counsels to the warm of blood; while they affect
to sneer at those fine emotions that they cannot
feel, and tell
you that sentiment is absurd. I
cannot say to what purpose these fish-persons
have been evolved, but I suppose they play some
part or another in the economy and scheme of
Nature. Nevertheless, if you love woman, as
you should do, and have a feeling for poetry
and a soul for romance, avoid the fish-men and
fish-women.
The greatest teacher is Love. I
defy all the
sciences, arts, and philosophies to compete with
it. Bernard Shaw may tell his young Fabians
that "love is a mawkish sentiment." But,
never mind; wiser men than Shaw have realised
that this same sentiment is the greatest thing in
life.
Fortunately, nearly all the world loves the
lover, and therein the world is wise. It is easy
enough to compose cynical aphorisms about
Love, or Socialism, or Religion, or any of the

massive passions and ideals. It is not so easy
to understand the force, import, and influence

of these things. And to some unhappy men,
calling themselves artists and thinkers, apprecia-
tion of love is denied. Their blood is as water.
A young man in love is an almost awful
spectacle. I can see nothing to laugh at in the

serious form of monomania that possesses him.
Only fools, blasphemers, and libertines laugh at
love. A young man in love may be the most
deluded of mortals; but for love's sake let us
not shatter his ideal with our mirth or our
cynicisms, for an eternal voice speaks within him,
and the finest and the noblest aspirations of
which he is capable are becoming manifest.
I am struck with the purity of a very large

number of youths. An ardent and romantic
young man in love is exalted and beatified. His

conception of love is even purer than that of a
maiden. He would not soil the purity of his
love with a single carnal thought. He is the
greatest idealist under the sun. To him the
maiden is more than queen; he ascribes to her
a hundred graces and virtues; and his heart is
fullof worship. In her presence he trembles
and is fearful with adoration. His tongue is
tied, and there is vehement agitation in his
breast.
Alas ! that he should so often fall in love with
a shallow-minded, prosaic, hard type of maiden,
who cannot possibly share his romantic passion.
Is it not because " sweet seventeen " is fre-
quently the least romantic age, that young men

34 MODERN WOMAN
become passionately enamoured of women who
are no longer young?
A boy often conceives a violent affection for
a middle-aged married woman. He finds in her
those qualities for which he yearns, charms of
kindness, sensibility, and softness which are lack-
ing in the young girls of his acquaintance. Love
in ayoung man is more impetuous and volcanic
than in a young woman. Many other matters
besides the attractiveness or the ardour of her
suitor enter into the thoughts of the average
English girl. She has been schooled to keep

her head; she must love with discretion and due
heed to other things besides romantic fervour.
The middle-aged women who charm boys
know how to love. They have been educated
in the passion, and they are therefore in sym-
pathy with lovers. A

young woman, without
experience, is
apt to look upon a deeply
enamoured young man as a lunatic. She is
tempted to make fun of him. I know a pathetic

"
case in which a young shop-boy was over head
and ears in love," as the saying is, with a girl
of about his own age. Anxious to appear as
gallant and gay as a lover should, he took
especial pains with his ablutions and his clothes
whenever he went to " walk out " with his
sweetheart. One day, in a gush of ardour, he
"
confessed to the girl that he always put on his
.best trousers" when he came to see her. The
girl burst
into hearty laughter. For her there
was no pathos in this admission; she saw only
the ridiculous where she should have recognised
the sublime.
How would an older woman have received
this confession ? I do not think she would have
laughed at the ingenuous wretch, and made him

smart with dismay and shame. She would have
realised that the boy was a genuine lover, eager
to please her in everything, solicitous that he
might appear externally pleasing in her eyes. A
mother-feeling of which a young girl is devoid
in relation to a lover would have welled within
her, and I can see her plant a kiss on that poor
lad's well-soaped cheeks.
Women, if you have any respect for purity

of heart, do not sneer at the fresh young flower
of love that springs from the breast of a poetic
young man. Be tender and merciful, even if
you are amused or bored. You will learn ere
long that love is a rare and precious thing, and

you may have cause to sigh at another's coldness
or cruelty. It is evil to make light of love and
to deride its clumsy
sincerity in the young.
The very vehemence with which men love
renders them somewhat inartistic as lovers.
36 MODERN WOMAN
With women it is different. Professor William
Thomas has an instructive -passage upon
woman's share in love-making in his Sex and
Society :
" The means

of attraction she employs are so
highly elaborated and her technique
is so finished
that she is really more active in courtship than

man. We speak of man as the wooer, but
falling in love is really mediated by the woman.

By dress, behaviour, coquetry, modesty, reserve,
and occasional boldness she gains the attention
of man and infatuates him. He does the court-
ing, but she controls the process."
Here, then, is another instance of man's sub-
servience to woman. Even in love he is not the
chief partner in thegame; he is swept along by
a mighty physical and psychic force, and becomes
the prey of the woman. This is what every
woman knows. And the power thus entrusted
to her by Nature is very often used tyrannically.
Love caused the death of many gallant knights
in the days of chivalry, and woman's cruel exer-
cise of her ascendancy in love causes much
suffering, and even death, to-day.
" From Samson and Odysseus down, history
and story recognise the ease and the frequency
with which a woman makes a fool of a man,"
writes Professor Thomas. " The male
protec-
tive and sentimental attitude is indeed incom-

patible with resistance."
This is very true.
Men endure torments, insults, cruelties, and
injustices from women that they would quickly
resent in their own sex. Woman continually
" " man for her own purposes, and man
exploits
submits.
Are women, then, incapable of a noble, fer-
vent, and constant affection? No, they are
sometimes as romantic and reckless in their love
as men. One woman's bosom is composed of
adamant; another's is tender, yearning, and
pitiful. It is not a fundamental sexual charac-
teristic that inhibits so
many women from loving
with the intense ardour of an amorous man.
Woman's coolness in love, her passivity and
placidity, arise often from artificial sources. A

man-poet speaks of love as "woman's whole
existence," but this is not universally accepted
by women, nor taught to them as a primary trait
of their natures. On the contrary, the prevail-
ing feminine attitude towards love is shame-

faced, apologetic, timorous. It is considered
" " for a
to avow that she is
unmaidenly girl
consumed with her love for a man. She is
taught to conceal such natural and beautiful

impulses, and the whole trend of her education
in the home and outside of it is towards making
38 MODERN WOMAN
her a finished hypocrite in this relation. Never-
theless, she is reared for marriage as her destiny.
A George Sand or a Laurence Hope may
write passionately of love; but such women are
rare, not only as artists, but as lovers. This dis-
passionate attitude towards love characterises the

work of a large number of women novelists.
Either from timidity, or from a lack of expe-
rience, they write upon the strongest passion of
humanity as though men and women were dis-

embodied ghosts, instead of warm flesh and
blood.
The " sexual
frigidity, or anasthaesia," of a
great many women appears to be an inherited
quality; but we must always remember that such
a state of been induced and fostered
feeling has
by artificial means for many ages, and is probably
not a fundamental and specific feminine charac-
teristic. When we consider that the mothers of
the community are deemed "modest" and
" "
womanly in proportion to their ignorance of
their own physical life and their natural desires,
it is not difficult to understand how this
repul-
sion has assumed the guise of an abnormality.
Is it not quite conceivable, if we were reared
in the belief that it is
wrong to savour our food,
and that to enjoy the acts of eating and
drinking
is
gross or that the
disgusting, gustatory,
salivary,and digestive functions would become

disordered ? No man can be healthy who
spurns his food. On what a much higher and
more the other appetite in ques-
is
psychical plane
tion. It is hardly comparable with the alimen-
tative impulse, being altogether more massive,
and intimately connected with the mental and
the spiritual.
I refer to this alleged coldness
of
women,
because it is one of the causes of conjugal un-
happiness. Fire and marble are often attracted
one to the other by intellectual and moral
qualities; and, with no deep understanding of
their own needs, the passionate unite with the
passionless. The result is daily before our eyes.
We ascribe every reason but the right one to
the infelicity that so frequently accompanies such
unfortunate unions. Not one man or woman
in a hundred faces the question boldly and
sanely. The tendency everywhere is to deceive
oneself and to deceive others upon this vital
matter,among many others.

The more thoughtful of our novelists those
who hold the artistic faith that fiction should
be a criticism of by means of a true pre-
life
sentment of the emotions now and then select

this somewhat common characteristic of women
for treatment. I call to mind Thomas Hardy,
40 MODERN WOMAN
Frank Harris, and H. G. Wells as English
novelists who do not burk the subject. In
Tono-Bungay we have a very living portrait of

this type of woman. Marion speaks of certain
natural and necessary phases of love as
" horrid."
She represents a large class of women; a class

to be pitied, understood, and educated, and not
condemned, for they miss many of the finer

emotions through the inculcation of false views,
and are hardly responsible for their morbidity.
This is an aspect of the antagonism of the
sexes which will be properly studied in the
future. I
say unhesitatingly that the recoil is
the source of more domestic misery than can
be reckoned, to say nothing of the vice that it
It has been
causes. plainly recognised by Forel
and other scientific investigators; but the average
sociologists and writers on the marriage question
either avoid the phenomenon or fail to
perceive
its manifold bearings.
Whether women love differently from men
by nature or through training, the fact cannot be
disputed that this difference in love is a preva-
lent cause of disagreement, and even of down-
right hostility. This disharmony is more likely
to arise after than before
marriage; for love-
making, in England at any rate, is conducted
in such a distant and sedate manner that the
lovers hardly know whether they are courting
or talking about tennis. They do not know
to quarrel; their minds
enough of one another
are clogged with illusions, and they are both, so
" best behaviour." Of
to speak, on their course,
there are during the engagement; but these
tiffs
are usually slight skirmishes, and not to be

" scenes " that are
compared with the terrible
only too common in married life, when, one by
one, the illusions have vanished like seed-down
in a gale of wind.
A long betrothal has this advantage that it
affords time for the lovers to cast aside the pose

of best behaviour, and to reveal themselves as
the very human and frail creatures that they are.
If you are frequently in the company of a
woman during a three or four years' engagement,
the probability is that you will quarrel with her
make it " kiss with
periodically, up, again tears,"
and live affectionately for another spell
of
dormant egoism. Both you and the woman of
your heart will by these means learn something
at least of one another's foibles and defects of
temperament; and if you are philosophic, you

will resolve to bear and forbear in marriage.
Otherwise, your wooing will have a fatal ter-

mination one of these fine days, and there will
be either that farcical-pathetic return of love-
42 MODERN WOMAN
lettersand presents, mutual promises of friend-
ship and respect, and so forth, or a tragic explo-
sion and an avowal of contempt, and possibly
hatred.
Most women like long engagements. They
seriously profess that courtship is more delightful
than marriage, and they fear that they will lose
the docile, patient, unselfish lover in the hus-
band. I suppose this is an instinctive feeling;
but it
suggests a somewhat quaint distrust, and
is, in a sense, an imputation on the suitor. Men
do not fall out of love in marriage so quickly
as is commonly supposed. I know that cynics
liken wedlock to the tomb of love; and that
sour monitors are prone to advise the maiden
that it is well to keep the whip-hand over the
cringing supplicant for as long as possible; but

these grim persons are not wholly reliable as
authorities upon marriage.
Prolonged engagements are almost always a
mistake. It is very difficult for weak, average
men and women to pose as angels for a pro-

tracted period. Also long repression in the
ardent is not beneficial. The fish-order of
human beings may wait for one another for years
with impunity.
How shall a man manage the modern woman
as a lover? If all modern women were alike,
thisquestion could be answered very briefly.

But although the women of to-day sing from
a loud and dominating keynote, they possess
tones of different quality and sweetness. When
the prevailing note of independence is
sung in
a high, shrill voice, reflect calmly, O man, before
you sign away every tittleof your manhood.

There are men who like to be ruled by the
women they love; there are men who can tolerate
being dominated; and there are others who hate

the idea of being under petticoat government.
I can only tender meagre counsel to the
my
third order. The first do not need any advice.
They are quiet, tractable, somewhat feeble souls,
who are nevertheless rational and shrewd enough
to apprehend that their destiny is to be a strong
woman's husband. They are aware of certain
limitations themselves, which will be
within
counterbalanced by the virility of the woman
who condescends honour them by asking for
to
their life-long attachment and contented servi-
tude. There are a few men perhaps not so few
as we think who like to be bullied, oppressed,
and trodden underfoot by their lovers and wives.
Possibly Nature evolves these types for the
definite end of
advancing the masculine woman;
for there is no question that a
compliant spouse
is a very useful auxiliary of the Napoleonic
44 MODERN WOMAN
woman, born to command and conquer. The
Over- Woman and the meek man are often happy
together. I
may say, however, that once or
twice in my life I have heard the meek man
swear under his breath.
The man who can tolerate a domineering lover
may become reconciled to his position by the
exercise of firmness and patience. He must
stand up for his rights at an early stage in the
courtship, or he will lose for ever his charter of

freedom.
Let us suppose that his Gwendolen dislikes
bull-dogs; that he wishes to keep a specimen of

those unaesthetic animals; and that she has set
her heart upon a cat and Pekinese terrier.
Must the bull-dog be given up? I fear so, if
Gwendolen makes it a point, and Horatio desires

domestic concord. But Horatio must not for-
swear bull-dogs without protest. Let him raise
an objection against cats plus dogs. He can
endure one or the other, but not both at the
same time. Let him urge that if Gwendolen
cannot upon any consideration receive a bull-
dog into the bosom of the family, he really can-
not accept a cat as well as a Pekinese terrier.
Submit the matter to arbitration, and be firm.
After all, you can make shift with a fox-terrier,
if the bull-dog is not to be thought of; but do
not assent to the cat as well as the Pekinese

terrier. Don't be wrecked before you are out
of port.
You smile at my illustration, and think it
ridiculous. But I assure

you that if, in the
antagonism of the sexes, you cede your small
privileges too easily, you will find that the Over-
Woman will not leave you much to call your
own in the
way of liberty of action. She will
treat you like a child, not
unkindly; but in a
maternal, fussy way that it is
especially irritating
to many strong-willed men. When strong
women do not regard us as big children, and
alternately cocker us and scold us, they look
upon us as selfish brutes or contemptible fools.
The modern woman is
evolving on the lines
of intelligence, forcefulness, and independence,
and, whether men like it or not, the absolute
sway of the human male is moribund in every
class except the lowest. The doll-like, insipid
incarnation, admired by some men, is hope-
still
lessly doomed to disappearance under the new

conditions.
I cannot think of any phase of human evolu-
tion thatis
proceeding so rapidly under our eyes
as the advance of woman towards sex-equality.
If the modern man fails to observe this, he is
lamentably deficient in observation and percep-

46 MODERN WOMAN
tion. Men who realise and face the fact know
that they must choose a companion, and not a
plaything only. In the long-run the good that

will accrue to men and to the race will be enor-
mous; but in the transition stage both sexes are

bound to suffer much.
Weare confronted with both growth and
decay, and just as these changes are inseparable

from more or less pain in the human organism,
so are they inseparable from pain in the com-
munity.
The young generation of educated women
clamouring at the door, are no more unfeminine
or unsexed than the women of the time of Eliza-
beth, who learned Latin and talked upon intel-
lectual subjects with men. The same cry of

" unfeminine " was doubtless heard then. It
has been heard in every century, and it is not

the invention of latter-day journalists, but the
age-old plaint of men, whose jealousy of

woman's progress is one of the plainest pages
of human history.
The present is the era of the man-contemning,
man-hating woman. There is not a woman's
club in London wherein you will not hear
avowed dislike of men among a fairly large
number of the members. What is the cause of
this
seemingly unnatural attitude? Is it a real
or a spurious contempt? In most cases it is a
form of protest against life in

general, with man
as the scapegoat for all that is amiss in the status
of woman. In some instances mere fashion,
it is a
a form of feminine cynicism, which means very
little. Sometimes the aversion is real and deep.
Women who sincerely hate men are scarce.
Those who say that they have a poor opinion of
men, and a contempt for them, are somewhat
numerous. The typical man-detesting woman
the true type is not
always, as depicted in
fiction and the comic papers, a sort of human
hybrid, with a moustache, a manly physique, and

an affectation of man's clothing. She is not always
an ugly woman, with an unpleasing voice, and
dressed like a dowdy. On the contrary, she is
sometimes beautiful and very attractive to men,
though sexually abnormal.
It is
singular, but true, that women of the
man-despising order are often amative, and the
heroines of a series of love-affairs. Frequently
they have been loved devotedly; they have made
easy conquests of men's hearts. can only We
set down
it to strange human perversity that
women who are much loved, and men whom
many women love, are apt to exhibit very strong
sex-hostility.
Practised and hardened flirts in both sexes
48 MODERN WOMAN
usually cherish no high ideal of the opposite sex.
They have wasted the most precious thing in
life in mimic passions and spurious attachments;
they have played so long at love that love itself
has deserted them. There is a large element of
emotional vice in flirting.
You cannot tamper
with love without suffering psychic injury.
There is, of course, harmless flirtation, and flir-
tation that impairs the power to love. If you

play and long with love, he will turn and
trifle
revenge himself by flying away, never to return.

The battered butterflies of women are mostly
cynical about love. They are pests. Having
wasted their youth in philandering, they degene-
rate in middle-age into stinging insects, malig-
nant, disappointed, jealous, and delighting in

scandalous gossip. No longer finding joy in
flitting from flower to flower, they sneer at real
passion and profess contempt for lovers.
Sometimes the man-hater is an ill-favoured
woman, a cold woman, or a shrew, who has
missed love through her own fault, or through
misfortune. plainThe woman whom men do
not desire often a jewel that has not been
is
discovered by the purblind. Often, on the other

hand, she is
ill-tempered, stupid, and unattrac-
tive mentally as well as physically.
The cold woman frequently becomes a
militant man-hater, and especially so when she

isbeautiful. Her bosom rankles with resent-
ment against the undiscerning fools of men who
have passed her by in spite of her charms. She
does not realise that exterior beauty alone is not
always magnetic. If her coldness is congenital
and incurable she is to be pitied, and not cen-
sured by the more fortunate.
Among the great army of the sex, the regi-

ment of aggressively man-hating women is of
full and signs of the times show that
strength,
being steadily recruited.
it is On its banner is
" Woe to Man " and its call to
emblazoned, ;
arms is shrill and loud. These are the women

who are "independent of men," a motley host,
pathetic in their defiance of the first principles
of Nature, but of no serious account in the bio-
logical or social sense. The women who will
compose the Matriarchate of the future will not

be man-haters. They will probably spoil men
with yearning protective kindness, as men have
tended to spoil women in the past.
A great factor in the antagonism of men
towards women is the fear of the Unknown.
When a savage first heard a clock strike the hour,
he threw it down in a frenzy of fright, and
smashed it to pieces. This dread and hatred
of the mysterious and apparently inexplicable is
50 MODERN WOMAN
a common human trait, not only observed among
primitive folk, but prevalent in a high degree

in Mayfair and Kensington, as well as in Bethnal
Green.
Woman has always been associated with
mystery, taboo, and sacred ritual.
holy The
writings of every religion, from the most primi-
tive to the most cultured and elaborate, show
very clearly how men have dreaded the influence

of women in most of the affairs of life, due to
the widespread attribution of beneficent magical
powers to the sex.

The average modern man cannot easily rid
himself of the old superstitious regard for
woman. I know many men who exhibit dis-
tinct fear of women, and avoid their company
" because
as often as possible, they don't know
how to talk to women, and don't understand
them." Some of these men would be described
by women as " poor dears." They are often
very virile, masculine, and physically courageous

men. But woman they are
in the presence of
tremulous, tongue-tied, and appalled.

The man who understands woman best, and
fears her the least, possesses a
strong trace of
the feminine soul. This is not saying that he
is emasculated, or feminine in an abnormal sense;
he may be quite normally
a man in body and
mind. But he has in his brain and heart those

qualities of understanding and sympathy which
are more feminine than masculine. In like
manner, the women who are happiest in their
comprehension of men, and are described by men

as good companions, either in wedlock or in
friendship, have an element of masculinity in

their minds and bosoms.
CHAPTER IV.
THE WAR IN WEDLOCK.
MARRYING is somewhat out of fashion nowadays,

and Cassandra voices are raised against the
time-honoured institution of wedlock. When
we were children our parents were still young,
for men and women married at an
early age a
few decades ago. But to-day marriage is
deferred, as a shrewd man of business defers the
payment of a bill upon which there is no dis-
count. We want to secure all the enjoyment
that the capital of single freedom affords, even
though we regard marriage as our ultimate and
almost inevitable fate.
It was not so fifty years

ago. Young men
and damsels married in their twenties, and often
before; they were less prudent than the modern
generation, more sentimental, and more hasty
in this important decision. Now
a man waits
until he is at least thirty-five or forty, while a
woman refuses to rush into the matrimonial
toils at twenty. It is more difficult to get mar-
52
ried to-day than it was in the time of our fathers

and mothers.
The deferment of marriage is due largely to an
economic hindrance. In the days of crinolines
the middle-class standard of living was modest,
even humble, when contrasted with the standard
of our day. The merchant, the professional
man, and the moderately prosperous shop-keeper
often lived at the warehouse, office, or shop.
He spent very little upon ostentation. It is one
thing to hire a gig for an occasional jaunt to

Richmond; it is another thing to keep a motor-
car and a chauffeur.
Everything in our time is more costly in the

long-run, including wives, than in the Early
Victorian period. Cheap food and cheap clothes
do not count against the increase in rents and the
hundred-and-one expenses which are considered
essential to the keeping-up of a position of
respectability. No one, artist, author, lawyer,
or tradesman, can afford to appear impecunious
to-day. We are ten times more commercial

than we were sixty years ago, and the commer-
cial spirit has invaded the sanctuary of love.
Our grandmothers recklessly married poor mer-
chants, lawyers, and doctors, and were content
to live in streets that are now considered mean
and intolerable. To earn a living now, it is
54 MODERN WOMAN
necessary to make show of monetary
a continual
success. A man's worth is judged by his house,
his apparel, his expenditure; in fact, by every-
thing except his higher attainments and his

virtues.
Another check upon early marriage is the
incessant attack upon that state directed by
" teachers " of all social essayists, jour-
sorts,
nalists, novelists, and dramatists. The diatribes
enough to scare them for

fired at the celibate are
life from entering into unions that are described
as " slavery," " unequal," " oppressive,"
"
para-
sitical," and " immoral." Every publishing
season brings forth a crop of pessimistic novels,
treating the theme of unhappy wedlock in the

most sombre of hues.
Nevertheless, there are still instances of ideal
marriage. Happy wedlock is the greatest

moralising influence in society, and the chief
felicity that life affords to men and women whose

natures are attuned to love and conjugality.
The reason why many of us are unhappy in
so
marriage is because we do not regard love as

a fine art. A
capable and triumphant suitor
imagines that he can dismiss the guise of the
lover, and assume the toga of the husband after
a few months of dalliance and tenderness. A
bride who has brought a lover to her net
imagines that he will be always reconciled to the

conjugal cage, and that she has no further need
for those gentle arts which she exercised during
courtship.
There is more need for love-making in wed-
lock than in the betrothal days. God bless us
all, we are children who want to be noticed,
and played with
flattered, petted, As soon as I
a husband ceases to admire his wife for her

features and her other charms, or her domestic
economy, or her mental parts, or her goodness,

or what not, he losing the lover attitude and
is
merging into a state of mere toleration. When

a wife neglects those gentle offices that count for
so much in daily life, and ceases to take interest
in her husband's opinions and hobbies, she is
forgetting that love can only be kept aglow by

art and tact.
In ideal marriage there is a truce to sex-
antagonism. The universal element of discord

is
ignored as though it had no existence. Such
"
remarks as How like a woman " are not heard !
on the lips of the man; and his wife refrains

from censures upon the opposite sex. Call it
hypocrisy, if
you like. Which will you choose :
this state possibilities of peace

of truce with its
and happiness, or that strenuous life wherein

is full play?
sex-hostility given
56 MODERN WOMAN
Perfect conjugality depends upon adaptability,
mental and physical. How seldom do a man
and a woman attain the twin-joys of
delight in
the mind and body of one another. Is not this
possible consummation within reach of more
men and women?
Yes : but before ideal marriages are common
men need to learn what women want, just as
women need to study what men desire. How
this is to be learned under the present system
of social intercourse between the sexes, with its
decrees against honest speech, its hundred hypo-
crisies, dissimulations, and lies, is more than I
can answer.
The War in Wedlock
is one of the fiercest
conflicts between the sexes. It makes

waged
hells of thousands of homes; it fosters sexual
vice; it paralyses the finest powers of men and

women ; ithas a terrible effect upon the children ;
and it is the cause of grave mental and physical
injury. Let us endeavour to understand

the chief causes of warfare in the conjugal
state.
A man of the ordinary stamp falls in love with

a woman who consents to become his life-long
partner. Both the man and the woman are often
obsessed by delusions about love and
marriage;
they are swept along by their affections, and they
think that the flood will carry them safely to a
quiet haven.
What does the average man know of the soul
of the woman whose head rests upon his breast
and whose arms encircle him? What does he
know concerning the physical nature of this
human being, whose organs, functions, and
desires are in so many respects widely different
from his own ? My answer is, " Almost
nothing."
What does the woman know of the real inner
life and emotions of the man to whom she has
pledged herself ? How much does she know of

his physical life
" Almost
and function? My answer is
again, nothing." Yet these two chil-

dren of Adam have planned to live together in
the closest of all human intimacies, and to bring
other souls into the world!
The War in Wedlock arises most frequently
from the profound ignorance of one sex con-
cerning the other, an ignorance that is fos-
teredby our conventions, and even commended
by misguided teachers and parents. The great
" one half of " women should not
life," which
know," is a locked volume to the maiden, who

suddenly finds herself, to all intents and purposes,
fettered for life to a man who can force her to
his wishes, even with the use of cruelty, and
still
keep outside of the law of the land.
58 MODERN WOMAN
The " man of the world," the man who has
" seen number of
life," may have had a experi-
ences, some and some injurious, but he
beneficial
has at least a certain amount of knowledge. But
the knowledge that he has gained from the demi-
monde is useless as an equipment for under-
standing the soul and the desires of a chaste and

ignorant woman. His mind is probably porno-
graphic; the mind of the woman is an almost
white surface, with here and there a faint impres-
sion, but no more. Even if he is chaste, he is
still, in the majority of cases, scarcely fit to
become the sole protector of a woman's person,
soul,and destiny.
To all but the most dull, unimpressionable,
and imperceptive of men and women, marriage
is a continual revelation. It is a revelation of
oneself and of one's partner that never ceases.
I know married folk whose so-called content-
ment is of two turnips growing side

like that
by side.These are not the men and women

who really live. Tens of thousands of people
miss life
altogether. I
speak now of human
beings who, by heredity and habit, are forced
to feel and to think. These are the mortals to
whom life
presents its painful problems as well
as its sweetest raptures. And to them the ques-
tion of how to make the best of marriage is a
vital one.
Education, in its broadest sense, is one

remedy for the ignorance of the sexes concerning
" "
one another; but our conception of education
is confined to books, and has only a slight bear-
ing upon many of the large things of life.

There must be freer social intercourse between
the sexes before we can diminish sex-misunder-
standing and sex-antagonism. Mixed clubs of

men and women are helping to break down
the old fatuous barriers. Co-education in
youth another step in the right direction.

is
Anything that hinders the segregation of the

sexes tends to lessen this lack of understanding
between men and women, and lends hope that
the sex-union of the future will be happier than
it is to-day.
We should insist that fundamental physio-
logical facts should be taught, first

lovingly in
the home, and afterwards by scientific
teaching in
the colleges. I know that both the pornographic
and the prudish persons, who swarm in every
class of society, will jeer at, or veto, this proposal;
and that cant in its most frantic forms must be
fought before this reform is established.
All that promotes the
understanding of the
sexes one for the other should be
encouraged
in the
young man and woman. Art, the drama,
poetry, and fiction may be used to serve this
60 MODERN WOMAN
purpose. But all false art must be excluded.
Biological science is of great service in revealing
the mysteries of organic life, and in showing
the processes of Nature in the reproduction of
plants and animals. By such means we may in

future time escape from the horrible welter of
indecency and prudery in which we now live,

and emerge as a new race of clean-minded men
and women.
Marriage in the future will be more attrac-
tive to celibates than it is
to-day. The contract
will not be cruel in its exaction of cohabitation
for persons who have ceased to love. There
will be facilities for complete and honourable
separation, with no hindrance to a second union,

and no imputations against those who wish to
sunder an insupportable rivet. When more
women partially or entirely support themselves,
marriage will not be so widely regarded by
women as a means of subsistence. Women will
marry for love; they will be in a position enabling

them to marry for this natural reason, instead
of for one or another of a score of reasons, such
as a desire to be supported in ease and idleness,
or the need of a roof, or to escape from relatives,
or to avoid the reproach of old maidenhood.
There has been much discussion upon " free
love" during the past thirty years. I cannot
now rehearse even a small part of all that

accredited writers and reformers have written
and uttered on this question. Free love is for
those who find any other kind of love intoler-

able, and I see no reason why these members of
the community should be forced into the Pro-
custean bed of indissoluble wedlock. The free
union has had its trial; and we are in a better
position to judge of its chances of success than

even our grandfathers, when Godwin united
with Mary Wollstonecraft.
Free love in communal life has not proved a
victory for the advocates of the socialisation of
affection. From Oneida Creek to various experi-
ments our country the record is invariably one
in
of On the other hand, the free unions
failure.
of isolated pairs of men and women often prove

happy. These are simply conjugal alliance*
without religious sanction or legal registration.
It is my own belief that men and women who
can be happy in " free love " of this kind can
also find happiness in conventional marriage.
But this does not settle the question as to what
shallbe done for the polygamous man and the
polyandous woman, who are devoid of the con-
jugal instinct.
Antagonism in marriage is often shown by
husbands and wives who are, in their innermost
62 MODERN WOMAN
hearts, attached to one another. It is apt to be
displayed, and sometimes in a violent manner,
by very fervent lovers. For a spell hate takes
the place of love; the curse falls from lips that
have clung in kisses, and the hand that has often
soothed raised in anger.
is What a terrible
transformation! Such scenes upheave all the
foundations of our fine theories, and make us
pause, dismayed and shocked.
A who has had opportunities for
doctor,
studying human nature in various quarters of
the globe, tells me that, according to his own
observation, assault is quite common in married
life in all classes of society. We can scarcely
dispute this statement. Hysteria is a wide-

spread disease among modern men and women,
but commoner in women than in men. The
hysterical woman is often attractive, mentally
and physically; she is sensitive, affectionate,
impulsive, vivacious, and variable. Most of

the saints, heroines, martyrs, artists, and
poetesses who have achieved great things have
been more or less hysterical. Many eminent
men have also exhibited symptoms of the hys-
terical tendency.
Hysteria is by no means an unmitigated evil.
But in certain acute manifestations it leads to

" scenes " between lovers and husbands and
wives, and is the cause of violent quarrels,
physical violence, and even murderous assaults,

especially when the man as well as the woman
is affected by the loss of control over the inhibi-
tory centres. Artistic natures are often highly
hysterical, and in the unions of the artistic we

have endless instances of " domestic fury." On
the other hand, some of the marriages between
persons of the artistic temperament have proved

idylls of exalted and romantic
love.
Many women perhaps most will tell you

that the man who can, even in passion, raise his
a woman
" utter
hand to is an brute," and that
" " of this kind is There
cruelty unpardonable.
is no justification for such a sweeping asser-
tion. men by women are
Physical attacks upon
extremely common, and every doctor who has
had hospital experience will confirm this. In a
large proportion of alleged cases of cruelty
on
the part of a husband, the wife is the aggressor.
I know a man in a
good position in society who
relates that he has been bitten, scratched, struck
in the face, and kicked by the women he has
loved. Thousands of men could tell the same
tale.
Among the working class men are often
taken to the infirmaries suffering from wounds
inflicted by their wives in fits of temper. We
do not hear of these cases, because if a man
64 MODERN WOMAN
were to charge a woman with assault, his evi-
dence would be received with jeers, and it is
probable that a facetious magistrate would advise
him to go home, and not to be a fool, etc.
An irritable, excitable, strong-willed woman
will often incite a man to "assault" her. A
dispute arises, and she flies into a passion, up-
braids, cries, and denounces her husband in
stinging terms. If he goes from the room, she
follows him, railing still louder, and annoying
him to the point of madness. Unless the man
has colossal power of control, his nervous irrita-
bility breaks loose, and he slaps the woman or

holds her wrists, and tells her not to behave like
a child. The woman then shrieks that the man
isa hooligan and a brute, and that she does not
care if all the neighbours know it.
Very often
the woman is the first to strike; and it is absurd
to pretend that a robust woman, under the
influence of anger, cannot hurt or injure a man.
I shall not be in the least
surprised if, after
reading this, many of my critics accuse me of
deliberately defending or advocating wife-beat-
ing. But I do not intend to refrain from plain-
speaking under of misconception.
fear The
facts are lamentable, but they are facts to be set
down "without prejudice." We
hear terrible
accusations of brutality and cruelty against men.
We hear very little of the frightful provocation

that men receive from women before they lose
control. In justice one must admit that a nerve-
tired, much-tried woman, continually worried
by physical ailments, a large family, and a diffi-

cult husband should have due allowance made
for her explosions of wrath. But what of the
pampered, wealthy, spoiled women, whose irrita-
bility arises from nervous breakdown occasioned
by luxury and ennui? These are to be pitied,

but not excused.
In the War in Wedlock many womenact with
deliberate cruelty, and display the same
" brutal "
" Hard words break no
impulses as men.
bones," it is true; but biting tongues stab the
heart, and the effect of their stabs is more lasting
and painful than blows. Some women indulge
" rows " and " scenes." The
periodically in
outbursts are sudden and violent, like an August
thunderstorm, and the cause is often difficult to
trace. After the tempest the woman is often
penitent and loving. At heart she is a good

woman; and the man who has been abused or
beaten should take her in his arms, and confess
that he ought to have been more
patient and
tactful.
It is aHerculean labour of patience to manage

a
dominating, contentious, and obstinate woman,
66 MODERN WOMAN
Most men do not attempt the task. A
phleg-
matic husband has neither the inclination nor the
energy for such a stupendous business. His

ideal is peace at any price, and when his wife
fumes, he folds his arms and listens in silence.
He will yield almost any point in order to secure
peace. A choleric man, with a masterful dis-
position, essays to manage such a woman, and

occasionally succeeds. Most often he fails, and
" scenes " arise with a sort of
rhythmical recur-
rence, and continue until death or a mutual
separation severs the torturing link.
Amodern woman of the contentious type is
often amenable to reason and love. If she will
only listen quietly a process that is painful to

her you may firmly, rationally, and kindly con-
vince her that she not always in the right; that
is
you have no desire to play the bully, nor any

intention of allowing her to bully you; that you
will compromise on certain points, but not on
others; and that you respect her, and gave the
fullest pledge of that respect when you chose
her from among all the women known to you

as the mate after your own heart. A woman
who will not listen to such a manifesto must be
endured, or dismissed from your life. Probably
you will be unable to cut the knot, for even the
most contentious, fractious, and intractable of
women possess subtle and talismanic attractions

for certain men. Nothing is left then but to
suffer and be strong.
Weare often told that there should be no ques-
tion of " management " in marriage. No doubt
there are instances of husbands and wives whose
managing of one another is so slight, or so
extremely tactful, that the process is not apparent.

But of the mass of human beings in wedlock this
is not so. There is
usually a predominant
partner. No man should feel ashamed of being
directed in most of his affairs by a wise, loving,
and faithful wife. But few men can live hap-
pily with a female drill-sergeant.

To say that there is no managing in marriage
is to deny one of the plainest facts of life. Most
women are born managers of men. And if men
want to retain any of that freedom, which is at
present their alleged exclusive privilege, they

must learn how to manage women.
Let me take horse-breaking as an illustration,
an art in which I have gained some experience.
A good trainer of young horses should never
blunder in his psychology. He must study his
colt as one studies the idiosyncrasy of a child.
Some horses are prone to sulk; some are given to
kicking; some are gentle, but obstinate, some

are hot-tempered, and so on. One fractious
68 MODERN WOMAN
horse can be cured by judicious severity; another
will be ruined by the whip. Broadly speaking,
in the management of men, women, children,
servants and
animals, the whip should be a
symbol rather than an instrument. The whole
art of control is in psychological observation and
tact. Brute force is usually, perhaps always, the
clumsiest and least effective method. I know
that force is
very English; but it is nof argument
and it is seldom reasonable.
I have said that women are born-managers of
men. Naturally, the maternal duties make
them directors and disciplinarians. But they are
mostly rule-of-thumb managers, and not
thoughtful students of human nature, with a
scientific method. They rely on force, just as
most men rely on force; but a woman's exercise
of force differs from a man's exercise of force.
A woman her force largely through an

uses
appeal to the best that is in man, and she has

learned how to employ this force with tyrannous
effect. When woman
has done wrong, she
a
wins back her ascendancy over the outraged and
injured husband by appealing to his protective
instincts. She weeps; she uses rare art in excit-
ing pity, and only the callous can resist her.
You cannot trample on that clinging, trembling,
sobbing creature, whose tears wet your neck,

and whose little heart throbs against your bosom.

You give in.
Ignominiously ? Yes, sometimes,
because she is often entirely in the wrong, and
is
just an artful, naughty, spoilt child, who is
determined that she will win you over.

Even strong-minded women who indignantly
"
repudiate a suggestion of wheedling," know
quite well in their heart of hearts that their final
appeal to the protective, cherishing instinct of

a man form of wheedling, an exercise of
is a
force. Woman's
last attack is always on this
highly vulnerable part of a man's emotional

being. There are occasions when a man must
preserve a front of steel to these attacks. To
yield, when instinct and conviction urge stern
refusal, is to commit an error that may darken
the whole of life for the man as well as the
woman.
always well for a man to remember of
It is
what plastic stuff he is made. The fine delicate

fingers of the woman for whom
he possesses an
infatuation can mould him into a shajpe that
he may not be able to recognise as his own
image. This is why many great men, with high
ambitions and ideals, philosophers, reformers,
artists, statesmen, and soldiers have remained
single, and avoided the risk of this moulding

at the hands of women. Have not all the great
70 MODERN WOMAN
religious teachers recognised that the married
man's chief desire is how he shall please his
wife ?
"Woman is essentially implacable, like the

" however well she
cat," writes Nietzsche, may
have assumed the peaceable demeanour." Iras-
cibility, "touchiness," and an apparent liking
for wordy combat are very common womanly
failings. The cause is often physical, and con-

nected with the very complex sexual life of
woman. Men should be patient with women,
for women suffer in bearing the race from girl-
hood to advanced middle-age.
On the other hand, a show of force, even a
touch of cruelty, is necessary in the management
of certain hysterical women. It is often insin-
cerity that causes women to accuse men of

roughness. A reasonable amount of harshness
frequently appeals to a refractory woman more
than gentle suasion. The men most loved by
women are not often the gentlest of men. The
female expects a measure of roughness in the
male. But the man who can be rough must
also be kind at heart. "The stroke of death
is as a lover's pinch, which hurts and is desired,"
says Shakespeare's Cleopatra.
There is plenty of evidence to prove that
women do not, as a whole sex, resent judicious
harshness in a lover. They know well them-

selves how to inflict mental pain upon men, and
do not shrink from doing so. When men
reverse the process a sensible woman is not sur-
prised. She may even be highly gratified.
There is a Russian proverb, " A dear one's blows
hurt not long." In parts of Hungary peasant
women do not believe that they are loved until
their husbands give them the first box on the
ear. Most women, if they are honest, will
admit that they like to be subjugated now and
then by a strong man. The breaking down of
a woman's natural instinct of resistance by a
vehement lover a process that few
is women
resist for long, or afterwards resent. Every
romantic girl dreams of being abducted by
a powerful man, who sternly commands, but, at
the same time, is ready to risk danger and pain
in her protection. The universal role of women
in courtship is that of the pursued, even when
pursuit is a tame rehearsal of actual marriage by
force and capture.
No man can hope for success in love or hap-
piness in wedlock if he makes light of the funda-
mental needs of women, and fails to study them
closely. W. S. Gilbert is
quite right :
Every Jack must study the knack

If he wants to make sure of his Jill.
72 MODERN WOMAN
Be warned, however, that what will please
the masculine type of woman will probably
affront the tender, feminine type. There is a
good deal of luck in love; but there is also much
need for science. Love, like fly-fishing, looks
easy enough. You try it, and find out your
mistake.
Most women are pleased and flattered by the
deference of their husbands, but some women
much prefer a man with robust asperity. If
you cannot discover which attitude appeals to

the woman of your choice, you are wanting in
discernment. But, then, woman, with her
tendency to variability, often changes from day
to day, and what pleases her in the
morning may
offend her at night. Women keep us
certainly
very busy studying to delight them, and some-
times all our efforts are in vain.
A little coldness, a neglect, or an excita-
little
tion of the instinct of jealousy are often bene-

ficial when a woman is
petulant, fractious, and
much concerned with the fact that she is a
woman. She will not hesitate to discipline you
by such methods, if you fail in pleasing her.

Therefore, apply her own tactic. If she still
cares for you, she will change her mood and come
to her senses, although she may at first make a
display of sheer indifference.

Be not over-kind when a young wife sulks

and puts you into Coventry. Let her alone for
a while. Don't go up to her in a supplicating
attitude, unless you want a stinging snub. Go
to your club, or take a woman friend to the
theatre.
It all sounds beautifully simple!
CHAPTER V.
THE FEUD IN THE FAMILY.
MANY dissensions arise in family life between

the parents concerning the upbringing of chil-
dren. These disagreements are likely to in-
crease under the new conditions, because the
daughter in revolt a very wilful and resolute
is
young person. She apt to set both parents

is
at defiance, and to cause discord between them.

Under the moribund family order the daughter
is,to a large extent, sacrificed for the advance-
ment of the son and for the comfort of the father
and mother. A girl's vocation is marriage, and
one need not be educated and highly trained for
domestic life. That has been the basis of
parental control of daughters.
But the modern young woman is
changing all
that. She talks of a life of independence; she
often wishes to escape from the home, and to
earn a living for herself; and she scouts the idea
that marriage is the sole end and aim of a
woman's life.
74
Among the prosperous middle-class at least

twice as much is spent upon the education of
sons as upon that of daughters. Among the
lower middle-class there is not much to expend
upon the education of either boys or girls, but

even in this status the boys as a rule have a better
schooling than the girls. Daughters are rebel-
ling against this inequality. They demand the
same chances in life as their brothers, and if these
chances are denied them, they are not unnaturally
discontented.
When men talk of the intellectual incapacity
of women, they usually lose sight of the fact
that women have been debarred from the exer-
cise of their capacity. For a long time to come
women will have to fight against the prejudice
of men in this respect and ;
the war will be waged
bitterly in the family circle. Even Nietzsche,

the hero of a school of " Intellectuals "
young
of both sexes, has written monstrous nonsense
upon clever women and woman's aptitude for

learning. This demi-god of the intensely-
diverting admirers of the doctrines of Beyond

Good and Evil, is
unstinting in his sneers at
the woman with brains. " When a woman has
scholarly inclinations there is

generally some-
thing wrong with her sexual nature." Women
are to be treated in " Oriental style"; and the
76 MODERN WOMAN
men who approve of sex-equality are described
" masculine
Nietzsche as
by shallowpates."
Men have said in all ages " Woman is :
stupid; therefore do not waste time in educating

her." And women, accepting the opinions of
men have actually
as the line of least resistance,
played the part of being stupid in order to please

their fathers, brothers,and husbands. Nowa-
days women up arms
are against this system.
in
It is high time for rebellion. But this revolt
does not conduce to the peace of the home. I
can point to a score of families wherein this feud

is
raging at the present time. Ann Veronica,
by H. G. Wells, is a true picture of the struggle
that women are making against the absolutism
of the parent.
The British Papa is one of the causes of this
warfare. He is
paying for the sins of his sex
and his ancestors, and one cannot help feeling
a little
sorry for him. Worthy soul, his breast
is in a fearful flutter! Maud has joined the
Suffragettes; Grace has left home, and insists
upon earning a living as typist; Agnes is intel-

lectual and
" advanced " she is a
; Fabian, and
talks terrible social heresies. Poor papa feels
the solid foundation of his villa at Balham heav-
ing beneath him, and sees all his preconceptions

of the proper sphere of woman toppling about
his bald crown. Truly, this is a situation full

of pathos. It is so old, so very common; and
yet the papas of each succeeding generation
never grow used to it.
My dear British Papa, though one-half of my
brain recognises the sadness of your position,
the other half bids me rejoice that you are being
set at defiance. You have had a long, long
reign as domestic pacha, and in your crass unin-
telligence you have committed great wrong.
You have kept your womenfolk under lock
and key; you have discouraged your daughters
from all forms of self-expression except the
maternal, and hindered the development of
women in a hundred ways.
In this matter the British Papa has been
assisted by his more or less docile ally, the British
Mamma. Woman has always aided and abetted
man in the suppression of Woman. A woman
here and there has tried to assert her
rights in
the face of both masculine and feminine inhibi-
tions;but the bulk of women, living
dependently
upon men for a means of subsistence, have been
forced to obey the leadership of man. The
process has given rise to antipathy between the
sexes, both overt and covert.
Parents are conspirators against their
daugh-
ters' freedom.
They may be unconscious of
78 MODERN WOMAN
the conspiracy, and their aim may be the safe-
guarding of the brood. Nevertheless, the

object is to set daughters aside as beings entirely
different from sons, and to rear them in a system
of harem-like seclusion. The knowledge which
is
purposely withheld from daughters is precisely
that knowledge of which they, as potential
mothers of the race, stand most in need. The
tragedies that arise from the ignorance
of women
are so common that a dispassionate onlooker is
moved to wonder whether the conventional up-
bringing of the sex is a fantasy born in the brains
of lunatics. I rarely converse on serious sub-
jects with women without hearing a history of

suffering and error directly traceable to the way
in which they were educated in the home and
the school.
The Advanced Daughter, with all her faults
of priggishness and a lack of consideration for
the prejudices of old-fashioned parents and rela-
tives, is a more promising and altogether finer
type than the bread-and-butter misses of the last
generation. She is better fitted as the com-

panion of intelligent men; she is
likely to bear
healthier children, and to train them rationally,
and she isof greater service as a citizen. Her
rampant attitude is somewhat repellent, but this
is inevitable. She is out on strike; her mood
is defiant, pugnacious, assertive. She belongs

to the next age, and she is a fanatical pioneer.
The Advanced Daughter insists upon her
right sound education. She refuses to
to a
spend her time in dressing and practising arts

for the captivation of men. As soon as possible
she escapes from the home environment, goes
into the world, lives in her own flat or apart-
ments, earns her living, seeks the company of
intellectual and serious men and women, and
erects the standard of Liberty. Her manner
with men is
apt to be patronising, and she is
anxious to make men apprehend that she can do
without them. She is, however, susceptible to
love, and when she falls in love, she is not half-
hearted, but frank in her attachment.
A young woman who resolves to live her own
life has to pay the penalty of revolt. She will
suffer in breaking away from home-ties and
influences, especially if she is attached to her
parents. Her father counsels, commands, and
threatens; her mother weeps upon her neck.
The Advanced Daughter is
deeply moved; but
she is resolved, and she goes her own way. A
vast undiscovered country is before her; she is
led on by a fascination partly made up of fear
and partly of curiosity.
When I see these earnest maidens setting forth
80 MODERN WOMAN
from Tooting, with the light of wonder in their
eyes and their lips firm-set, I am reminded
of
Santa Teresa wandering out of Avila to seek
persecution in the country of the Moors.
Voices from the wilderness lure them; great
vistas open before their gaze; and they go out
to face life's brunts and to taste its joys.
The Advanced Daughter is nurtured upon
Ibsen, Bernard Shaw, Nietzsche, Graham Wallas,
and Fabian tracts. Ideas are seething in her
busy little brain. She is desperately intellectual.
One day she tells you that she is prepared to
die for the cause of Women's Suffrage. Next
week she be immersed in economics, or
will
vegetarianism, or free love. She theorises in

season and out, and sees the world as a vast
theatre for her social reforms. Her untiring
energy impels her to meetings, debates, lectures,
classes, and gatherings of youthful and very
cocksure " Intellectuals." She absorbs " views "
as a sponge absorbs water. Her tongue is
glib
and faster than her thoughts, which are often
inchoate. She will solve you half, at least, of
the riddles of the universe.
"I don't mean to marry," she says, with a
" I want to live my own life."
ring of disdain.
She regards wives as " chattels " or " squaws."
She only admires man " on the intellectual side,"
and she her sex-attractions by

tries to disguise
her hair, wearing
dressing dowdily, neglecting
square-toed boots, and assuming inelegant poses.
But she contrives, nevertheless, to attract men
of a certain type. Her
admirers are something
like herself, and that is why they understand
her and know her blind side. They are not like
the clumsy Philistines who treat her deferen-
tially because of her

sex.
The Advanced Daughter's chosen men-com-

panions are the adroitest flatterers in the world.
They lead up to intimate topics by highly
intellectual discussions upon Bernard Shaw, the
Court Theatre, the Budget, and the compulsory
cultivation of waste lands, in which they permit
the Advanced Daughter to roundly contradict,
correct, and instruct them. They sit at the feet
of their monitress in respectful attention, and
artfully wedge in compliments upon her vast
superiority to the average woman, her intellec-
tual courage, her example to the frivolous of her
sex, and her splendid unconventional morality.

It is an interesting
spectacle, this philandering
of the young " Intellectuals." They would deny
that they are making love; but the whole ruse
is
transparent. The Advanced Daughter pre-
tends that she hates to be admired for her eyes
or her hair; the Advanced Son knows, however,
82 MODERN WOMAN
that sooner or later she will resent this indiffer-
ence to her physical charms, and he studies how
to praise her person by the intellectual method.
Sometimes a strong, healthy rascal of a wooer
comes along, grips the Advanced Daughter's
waist, carries her off, and utterly subdues her
by his animal force and physical attractions.
For, after all, the Advanced Daughter is a
descendant of Eve. And as Kipling says, " The
colonel's lady and Judy O'Grady are sisters
under their skin."
The escape from home life and its trammels
has been made easier in many large towns by
the establishment of clubs for women, and clubs
admitting both men and women. These insti-

tutions were unknown about thirty years ago,
but they are now common in London. Their
influence, on the whole, has been for good.
Mixed clubs improve the manners of men, and
teach them more about women; while they tend
to dispel some of the silliness of women, and
to break down the sex-barrier. Scandals arise
occasionally, but scandals also arise in nunneries

and chapel congregations.
Women now use their clubs as men use them.
They have their smoking-rooms; they drink
wine, and sometimes whisky-and-soda. The
Advanced Daughter is almost always a club-
AND HOW, TO MANAGE HER 83
woman, and some women spend hours of every

day in their clubs. I have not heard that hus-
bands and babies are neglected as a consequence,
though such instances may have arisen. At any
rate,mixed clubs have brought men and women
together on an equal footing, and tended to
lessen the conventional segregation of the sexes.
An Advanced Daughter says " Come to :
my
club." You obey, and you are entertained at
tea in the smoking-room, and sometimes
allowed to smoke a pipe. Your hostess talks
at home
cleverly, if not profoundly; you feel
far more at home than in a drawing-room and
the time passes pleasantly and profitably. The
more of these clubs the better for men and
women. They will aid in lessening sex an-
tagonism.
The clubs for women only are not so whole-
some as the mixed clubs. Whenever those of
the same sex get together, some of their less
pleasing qualities manifest themselves.

Men
tend to a freedom and a frankness, which would
be salutary where they decent and serious, while
women assembled together talk hypocritically
and one another with feminine morbidities.
infect
As part of the management of the Modern
Woman, I advise fathers and husbands to en-
courage their womenfolk to join a mixed club.

84 MODERN WOMAN
A woman constantly mewed up in the home be-
comes narrow in her outlook, irritable, and sub-
ject to discontent and depression. The mass of

women living in the suburbs and in country
towns suffer from a want of social intercourse.
CHAPTER VI.
THE STRIFE IN BREADWINNING.
THE battle of the sexes, in obtaining the means of
subsistence, has assumed a menacing aspect. Men

complain that they are being ousted from profes-
sions and trades by women, and that women's
" In a
labour lowering the standard of wages.
is
short time," they say, " there will be no occupa-

tions left for men except the hardest and
roughest kinds of toil." For a long period men

jealously guarded against this encroach of
women into fields of industry, but women
entered the fields one by one, and now they are
rushing in everywhere.
This change is It demon-
very significant.
strates the widespread desire of women to be-
come economically independent of men; and it
denotes that the modern woman is by no means a
degenerate creature, but one possessed of a high

degree of energy and a great capacity for work.
Some of us will remember the days when a hun-
dred forms of employment were barred to women.
We can recall the bitter, even brutal, opposition
85
86 MODERN WOMAN
offered by men to the admission of women to
the medical profession. The behaviour of men
time was stupid and cowardly.
at this shall We
probably witness a repetition of this conduct
when women demand to practise law.
Why should not women be solicitors and bar-

risters? Miss Christabel Pankhurst, a woman
of great intellectual ability and of fine character,
isfully capable of holding her own with any of
our counsels. The time is coming when women
will sit with men on the judicial bench. And
one day our grandchildren will see a woman as
Premier.
Women are now employed in all kinds of
occupations that were once closed to them. Those

who have benefited most by the innovation are
the large employers of labour, who offer wages
to women which men would spurn. Women
are frightfully sweated in almost every pro-
fession and trade, and they are only
beginning
to realise that they must combine for the pro-
tection of their interests.
I am
entirely opposed to the view of Bebel
and his school that woman should be practically
absolved from labour. Half of women's
troubles are due to an insufficient
employment
of their brains and hands. more women
If
worked, many of the problems of society would

be solved, and women would be healthier and
happier. The upper and the rich middle-class

women are usually parasites of man. Their one
trade is to please men a very proper and Orien-
taloccupation, according to Nietzsche.
Women
"
who have other objects in life besides adorning
the home," and increasing the population, rebel
against this view. Child-bearing and rearing do

not absorb the whole of a woman's energies.
Besides, many women are unmarried, and have
not enough domestic duties to fill their lives.
Many women are quite capable of physical
toil, and they are better in body and mind when
using their muscles 'han whenliving in idleness.
The most beautiful women and the most robust
I ever saw are the field-labourers of Northern
Portugal. One cannot travel in that district

without gaining conviction that these women are
gayer in spirit, more healthy and well-developed,

and more aesthetic than the fine ladies of Oporto
and Lisbon. I am not defending the ill-
remunerated labour of our chain-and-nail makers
in merry England, but I challenge the view that
woman is
naturally unfit for muscular exertion.
Sex-rivalry in breadwinning must be studied
as a phase of sex-antagonism. So long as men
were the sole breadwinners, they owned the
sovereign position in the home. A
wife who is
wholly dependent for food, shelter, and clothing
88 MODERN WOMAN
upon the earnings of a husband is a species
of pauper. Her sole asset is her power of
attractingand holding the man who provides

for her and the children. Naturally, the
Nietzschean philosophers would keep her in this
more or less
splendid bondage.
Does not strike the male opponents of the
it
employment of women in business that, in spite

of the seeming rivalry, men are, in the
long run,
but little injured by the competition? Most
men desire wives,and more men would marry
early in life had they the means of supporting a
family. If women workers threaten to lessen
the number of industrial openings for men, they
also bring grist to the domestic mill, and thus
the competition is freed from one of its chief
menaces. Obviously, a wife with a trade costs
less to keep than one who contributes nothing
towards the household expenses.
The stage is a profession that affords an illus-
tration of the economic equality of men and
women. Actors are often married to actresses,
and both the husband and the wife support
themselves. The system works well enough
not only in this profession, but in many others.
Men and women who work side by side tend
to lose a part of their natural antagonism. It is
most important that women should be occupied;

otherwise they grow fretful, depressed, and

morbid. Give your wife plenty of work to do,
and let this be a rule in your policy of manage-
ment. Not long ago an elderly husband re-
marked to me, " While my wife was having
babies she was quite contented and happy, and
found full employment. Now that the children
have grown up, she is
capricious, dissatisfied
with life, and full of worries."
Women should work hard, but care should be
taken that they do not overtax their strength.
Men can amuse themselves with hobbies and
games, as I have said before; but women are
singularly unresourceful in this matter. They

have only needlework to fall back upon as an
occupation for long hours of leisure, and needle-
work is not a wholesome employment. A
woman who knits or crochets cannot escape
from herself, as a man does when he plays at
golf or goes fly-fishing. She thinks too much
about her " soul," her trials, her fading beauty,
the defects of her husband, and a host of
matters. Needlework is
provocative of
" nerves." This employment is compatible with
deep, serious introspection, and most women are
far too introspective by nature.
Encourage your wife to work in a garden.

dig, and hoe, and use
t her a lawn-mower.
90 MODERN WOMAN
Housework is very good for women. I know
who have found themselves
ladies in much
better health after
dismissing one or all of their
servants, and undertaking the work of the home.
The middle-class woman is apt to love idleness.
As a result she grows bored, ill-tempered, and
hard to live with. When a woman has noth-
ing to employ her mind, she becomes vividly
conscious of the awful fact that she is a woman.
If a woman will not work, you should en-
courage her to play. Let her join hockey and
tennis clubs; teach her to scull, fence, box any-
thing that will develop her physical strength and
tone up her nervous system. A want of
exercise is the bane of many women, especially
in town life. I never go into the company of
the average overfed, dyspeptic, neurasthenic
middle-class women without longing to set
them to do three hours' turnip-hoeing every day.

It is necessary to emphasise woman's need to
work and to play. An idle wife is an unhealthy
wife, and an ailing woman is often very bad com-
pany. The bicycle has proved a great boon to
women. means persuade your wife to
By all
cycle with you as often as possible. Keep her

from " needlework "
away fancy by all the
means in your power. Insist firmly upon the
cold or tepid bath daily, and see that she takes
brisk exercise out of doors in all weathers. Many

women are like
pampered cats, they love to lie
overwarm, and they are fastidious in their diet.

If you take such a creature into your home, you
will have antime with " nerves," hysteria,
ill
mental depression, headaches, various forms of

malaise, nagging, and doctors' bills.
In " civilised "
all countries, the struggle in
breadwinning drives a large number of women
into that very ancient profession which we
scarcelycare to name. The " social evil " is a

flagrant example of the conflict of the sexes. Its
chief cause, on the authority of eminent Euro-
pean investigators, isthe dependent position of

woman. There is
" the courtesan
undoubtedly
type"; but I think that Lombroso and other
writers have over-stated the widespread
tendency of women to adopt this profession
naturally. The source is principally economic.
My personal inquiry has been fairly wide, and

my conviction is that poverty is most often the
i
dire incer ive.
Novery wide distinction can be drawn be-
tween the dependent woman who, without real
affection, solves the problem of her poverty by
marriage, and the woman who

enters the pro-
fession of mercenary polyandry. Both are vic-
tims; both ?re impelled by the same basic
G
92 MODERN WOMAN
economic heed. Loveless wedlock for subsis-
tence is the fate of tens of thousands of women.
It is a fate that will not be endured for ever.
The Woman Movement is
principally a battle
for the economic equality of men and women,
and when women are economically free, only
the congenital, courtesan types, and the idle
degenerates will sell themselves to men.
The women who resort to this trafficmay be
taken as symbols of sex-antagonism. They are
outlaws at war with men, upon whom they
prey. Men say that they are " a necessity " ; but
men take the utmost care that these necessary
ministers to their desires shall receive no social
recognition for their services. On the contrary,

the courtesan is doomed to live in a state of
helotry. She is treated with ignominy, even
cruelty; she is the loneliest woman in the com-
munity. Womenavoid her as a pest, and men

are rarely her friends on an equal basis. It was
different in ancient Greece.

This great, neglected question, so little under-
stood by the sociologist, so scrupulously avoided
by the average man and woman, will engage the

most capable minds in the society of the future.
It is a question of the deepest importance. That
is why we shirk or obfuscate it. The evil will
probably live, in one form or another, to the end
of time; but it be greatly lessened when the

will
monetary dependence of women is removed. I

assure women that one of the soundest methods
of establishing greater sexual purity is not
preaching chastity, nor suppression, nor police
intervention, nor rescue work, but the insistence
upon opening out employment for women at
wages that will lift them above want.

CHAPTER VII.
THE BATTLE IN POLITICS.
THE Christian English gentleman, reared in

the doctrine of St. Paul concerning the subjec-
tion of women, can scarcely imagine a state in
which womenare the directors of legislation, the
heads of families, the dominant sex. tells He
you that such a condition is unthinkable; it
never has been, and never will be. The average

Christian English gentleman is, however, not
addicted to deep reflection upon social problems,
and in nine cases out of ten, he knows next to
nothing of the moral codes, manners, and mar-
riage customs of other nations. His eye is fixed
upon England, and usually upon one little
corner of it. He talks about "
thinking
Imperially." He is anything but cosmopolitan
in his outlook o.i human life.
Men of this parochial bias vehemently oppose

the elevation of women, and fear the rule of
woman as a final social catastrophe. They are
ignorant of the fact that, among many of the
94
most of ancient races, the Matriarchate

civilised
was the custom of the country for hundreds of
year; and that the headship of woman is in
existence to-day among many peoples of the
earth. Among the Etruscans, Athenians, Cam-
panians, Arcadians, Lycians, and other communi-

ties the women were the directors. Men
assumed the names of fheir wives upon mar-
riage; they yielded all their possessions to the
woman, asking only for simple maintenance, and

a decent burial at the end of their lives. The
primitive Teutons adopted the matriarchal
system. To-day the custom survives in
Malabar; among the Khassias, the Pani Kotches,

and certain tribes of British India. good My
Christian English gentleman, do try to think
Imperially These things are done under the

!
British flag.
For long ages paternity was regarded as of
small account. Physiologically, it is of quite
secondary importance. Race and family sprang
from the mother, not the father. The highly
intelligent Nairs of Malabar afford to-day
an
example of the modern Matriarchate. "No
people have more fully appreciated the maternal
family nor developed it more logically than the
Nairs," writes Elie Reclus, in Primitive Folk.
It is curious to note that, under the
96 MODERN WOMAN
men complained, as women
matriarchal system,
complain to-day, of the subordinate position
they occupied. We
find also that men spoke
with formal deference to women, adopting the
kind of courtesy which survives among men
to-day towards women, but from a different
motive, for it was the deference of the owned
towards the owner. In Mexico we read of a
father who could not sell
any produce, such as
corn, without the consent of his daughter, who

kept house for him. To-day in France, where
the mother has far more authority than in Eng-
land, we find traces of the matriarchal rule.
Under the patriarchal system, woman lost her
superior position, and suffered also physically.
No longer expected to labour side by side with
men, she became less robust. Her worst state
of physical deterioration is seen in the
higher
middle class of Europe to-day among the corset-
wearing, nervous, dyspeptic types that abound in
all
large cities. Christianity is
partly responsible
for the institution of the modern patriarchal
system, and under the rule of men, the position
of women became subordinate, and wholly depen-
dent. Both systems have their evils; but one or
the other is inevitable, in spite of all our dreams
of true equality of the sexes. The ascendancy
of woman may be the new state into which we
are passing. A revived Matriarchate has

terrors for some men, probably for the vast
majority. But I know many thoughtful men
who anticipate the change and experience no
fear.
Man's jealousy of woman has been fought
and overcome inmany relations. Is it not quite
possible that men in the future will gladly
relinquish all the cares of office and the
control of family affairs to their women-
folk? It is certainly not an unthinkable con-
dition. Women are battling in the present
time with a zeal and indomitable energy which
must make the judicious reflect. The Feminist
Movement not local and sporadic; it is per-
is
meating Western Continents, and has

the
reached the countries of Islam. According to
Pierre it
Loti, has penetrated the Turkish
harems; and a gentleman who has travelled
much in Turkey tells me that the women of the
country are in sympathy with the ideals of
advanced English women. Even in Spain,
where Moorish traditions survive, women are
awakening; and the Spanish woman once
aroused is the incarnation of revolt. At a great
industrial struggle in Barcelona, a few years ago,
the strikers were led by a girl of eighteen, who
showed remarkable powers of organisation and
leadership.
98 MODERN WOMAN
It may be
urged that many great thinkers "have
been anti-feminist. Many great minds believed
in astrology, witchcraft, magic, and other
exploded superstitions and
myths. the On
other hand, there is a long list of men of
eminent culture, from Plato and Tacitus to John
Stuart Mill, who have pleaded for the recogni-
tion of woman's fitness for other duties besides
child-bearing and the management of the house.

"This sex, which we keep in obscurity and
domestic work," writes Plato, in his Republic,
"is it not fitted for nobler and more elevated
functions? Are there no instances of courage,
" Plutarch
wisdom, advance in all the arts ?
counselled that women should be educated
equally with men, and claimed intellectual and

moral equality. Seneca was also a feminist.
And yet the average man in England is aghast
at the prospect of giving women a Parliamentary
vote, while the idea of extending legislative
office to women arouses his derision or anger.
Unfortunately, the average Englishman is as

much astray in his appraisement of the poten-
tialities of- women as the two arch-Philistine
apostles of misogyny, Schopenhauer and
Nietzsche. The two thinkers
influence of these
has had baneful effect upon the judgment of
certain of the young Intellectuals of to-day.
Schopenhauer's famous essay on Woman is

the outpouring of a pessimistic sensualist who
had missed love. The mother of the philo-
sopher married without affection; she was
described as " without heart and soul."
Schopenhauer was never in love. His amours

were those of a specialist in sensuality, and he
left an account of his erotic adventures, which
were not intended for publication. I

yield to
none in admiration for this genius, whose
literary style alcne is a continual joy, and whose
theories are of the deepest interest. But
Schopenhauer was a sheer Philistine in his
attitude towards women.
Friedrich Nietzsche, a savage anti-feminist,
was temperamentally akin to Schopenhauer. He
knew but little of women and less of love.
Many of his moral opinions and metaphysical
meanderings are very instructive and entertain-

ing. Heis not a transcendent thinker, still less
a god of intellect. Nietzsche quite failed to

perceive the present evolution of women. His
views were Oriental and sensual, and concerning
women he expressed himself with brutal
ignorance. He takes George Sand and

Madame de Sta'el as the ideal emancipated
women, set up as models by women, and knocks
them down as " counter arguments against
ioo MODERN WOMAN
feminine emancipation and autonomy." These
illustrious women were
highly erratic geniuses,
with the imperfections and morbidities of the
all
male genius. They are rarely cited by women

as ideal types of womanhood.
"There is
stupidity in this movement" (the
" an almost
freeing of women) writes Nietzsche;
masculine stupidity, of which a well-reared
woman who is always a sensible woman
might be heartily . Woman
ashamed. . .
must be preserved, cared for, protected, and

indulged, like some delicate, strangely wild, and
often pleasant domestic animal." Men who
think that woman is something more than a
" " a
dangerous cat," and pleasant domestic
animal," are described by the courteous
as the " idiotic friends and
metaphysician
corrupters of woman amongst the learned asses
of the masculine sex."
When I want to laugh, I read Nietzsche's
ravings about women in Beyond Good and

Evil. His diatribes are as entertaining as the
utterances of certainAdvanced Daughters, who
"
speak of man as the enemy," and lay about
them with a flail immediately " man " appears
upon the stage.
Balzac, one of the profoundest students of
the human heart, said " A
woman that has
:
received a masculine education possesses the

most brilliant and fertile qualities with which to
secure the happiness of her husband and her-
self." But even Balzac was infected with the
Oriental feeling towards women. forbade He
his own nieces from reading his novels, with
the exception of Vrsule Mirouet, which he
wrote expressly for them fearing to enlighten
them upon life because they were women.
Balzac does not lie, as do nine out of ten
novelists, about women's passions, and therein
he is illuminating; but he appears to have
"
guarded against a broadening masculine educa-
tion
" for the women of his own kin.
Woman has been deified as the Mother of
God, worshipped as queen, revered as priestess,
honoured as teacher, respected and protected for
her maternal function. Why should she be de-
barred from serving the State as a maker of
laws ? There is no logical answer to this ques-
tion. The reply of sex-antagonism is : " She
would become unsexed." No man considers
himself unsexed by following the occupation of
a draper, a cook, a nurse, a tailor, or a confec-
tioner, employments which could be well under-

taken by women. But every silly clown of a
fellow begins to cackle when a cultured and
capable woman claims the right to take part in

the control of a municipality or a state.
102
In the battle for

moral, intellectual, and
political freedom excesses have always been com-
mitted. Emancipation is not won by platitudes,
but by vehement measures, and often by violent
revolt. Women, smarting under a sense of
injustice, often exhibit sex-hostility in an
extreme form. The shallow onlooker of the
male sex declares that the iratewomen on the
platform, and the women who resort to
physical force, are to be judged as unfit for a

share in the framing of the laws of their
country. The modern woman, with a pas-

sionate political bias, and the conviction that
she is defrauded of a common human right,
is no more ridiculous in her manifestations of
dissatisfaction than men under similar out-
breaks. The most ridiculous figure in the
present war of women for the Suffrage is the
grotesquely implacable Mr. Asquith, whose
rampant sex-antagonism blinds him to a score
of fatal issues that will arise through his false
show of firmness. A tactful politician would
have received not one, but half a dozen deputa-
tions of Suffragist women, on the simple ground
of expediency. Mr. Asquith, posing as the
Strong Man, is a spectacle to arouse Titanic
laughter. Hedone more to injure the

has
Liberal cause than any politician of modern
times.
I am no advocate of rioting and disorder.

But, in the name of common fairness, how can
we blame women for resorting to the time-
honoured custom of warfare when other
measures fail?
We pride ourselves on being a martial race,
and our jingoes insist that the militarist spirit
should be fostered. And, in a hundred in-
stances, Englishmen have gained their ends and
brought governments to their knees by the
method of mob-compulsion. A notable
is the Gin Riots of 1736, when loyal
example
Britons shouted " No gin, no king " ! This
noble cause was fought because the excise duty
on the national nectar had been raised to twenty
shillings per gallon.
For two years the out-
raged populace rioted, and the Guards were
called out to quell the mobs. Sir Joseph Jekyll,
the framer of the Bill, was threatened with his
life, and sixty soldiers protected his house from
the incensed people. These demonstrations

and riotings were successful; the Gin Act was
repealed, and the public won by means of
violent agitation. Would the gin-drinkers
have gained the day if they had relied upon
pacific and " constitutional " methods ? I
believe not.
The Women's Suffrage campaign is, after all,
104 MODERN WOMAN
of quite as great importance as cheap gin agita-
tions. For fifty years constitutional means have
been employed by women, and for fifty years
men have flouted the petitioners, and deluded
them with specious promises. In the hour of
exasperation, after extreme provocation, women
are using force. It would be more than can
be expected of human nature if they acted

otherwise. Has not Mr. Balfour declared that
there a limit to the patience of an outraged
is
public? In this encounter women have shown

less antagonism than men. For half a century
they have waited patiently for the right to vote.
The lesson of the Suffrage war is that women
possess a very remarkable power of organisa-
tion, an ingenuity in tactic, a supreme zeal, and
a high degree of courage. Delicately-born,
refined, and cultured women have suffered gibes,
insults,and imprisonment, and even assault,

while men have looked on complacently, and
" unsexed women."
muttered the old cant about
As well endeavour to stem the tide of an ocean
as to thwart the irresistible workings of human
evolution. The times portend a widespread
uplifting of the status of woman. There are
palpable signs that human evolution in the
Western nations is
proceeding more rapidly
among the females than the males. Physically,
the women are becoming stronger and taller.

Intellectually, they are progressing with wonder-
ful speed.
The fear of petticoat rule and the intellectual
superiority of women is deep-rooted in the breast

of man. But the roots are slackening their hold.
Men are learning that a beautiful body is no
compensation for a childish intelligence. The
plain, clever woman has more magnetism than
the pretty, foolish woman. It is
quite true that
wise men have often been seduced by physical
charms alone. Goethe married a doll, and soon
wearied of her society. Heine wedded with an
working girl, and bitterly lamented his
illiterate
error of judgment. A pretty woman with an

mind is far more difficult to
undeveloped manage
than a less comely woman, with a reasoning
faculty and a knowledge of human nature.

Woman's potentiality remains undeveloped
through neglect, through repression, and
through scarcity of opportunity. We have so
mismanaged women that they have, in vast

masses, become curiously automatic, fixed in
their ideas and views, and appallingly dull-
witted. There is a host of incredibly narrow
silly women in England,
and an amorphous tribe,
with scarcely an intellectual trait, an aspiration,
"
or an ideal. They suckle fools and chronicle
106 MODERN WOMAN
small beer " ; they live on an animal plane, and
eating, sleeping, and decking themselves

form
their daily round. There are whole streets and
suburbs of such women.
It is always more difficult for a woman than
for a man
to escape from a bad environment.
Unconventionality costs more to women than to

men, because there are a hundred social laws for
women which men can disregard with impunity.
Originality in men is looked upon with dispas-
sion at least, and is often admired. In women
originality is almost a crime. Harriet Mar-

tineau thrusts her manuscripts under her needle-
work when callers come. It is
" unfeminine "
for a woman to write. Mary Somerville is
forced to work in secret because science is not a

"womanly" study. A little
girl romps like a
boy. She is told that little girls must not play

in a natural manner. These inhibitions could
be multiplied to any extent. Need we wonder
that girls grow up into mere things of sex,
creatures that have lost almost all the finer human
attributes? And this is the status, this is the
upbringing, advocated as proper for the mothers

of the race!
Let us briefly review the opinion of modern
thinkers upon woman's capacities in the fields
of politics, social work, and intellectual labour.
107
Many years ago Burdach observed that women

are probably more fitted for political responsi-
bility than men. The same thought was ex-

Mill. " races and
pressed by J. S.
Among all
in all parts of the world," writes Havelock Ellis,

" women have ruled brilliantly and with perfect
control over even the most fierce and turbulent
hordes. Among many primitive races also all
the diplomatic relations with foreign tribes are
in the hands of women, and they have some-
times decided on peace or war. The game of
politics seems to develop many feminine quali-
ties in those who play at it, and it may be paying
no excessive compliment to women to admit the

justice of old Burdach's remarks. Whenever
their education has been sufficiently sound and
broad to enable them to free themselves from
fads and sentimentalities, women probably
possess in at least as high a degree as men the
power of dealing with the practical questions of

politics. Professor G. L. Duprat, in his Morals,
" Woman becomes more and more
says :
capable
of work and sustained effort. The competition
of the sexes in the studio, in teaching, and in
all the liberal professions is
beginning to be quite
appreciable. In particular she brings into her
intellectual activity qualities of subtlety, pene-
tration, and vivacity, which, in spite of a

io8 MODERN WOMAN
generally well-marked mental instability, make
her assistance in the work of civilisation of
increasing value."
M. Lourbet, in Le Probleme des Sexes^ writes,
"The apparent inferiority of woman is acci-
dental, provisional, and external in the indefinite
evolution of humanity, this inferiority having
its
principle in the physical minority."
On the assumption that women who desire
"
emancipation are masculine," Otto Weininger
who was anything but a feminist states :
" Men will have to overcome their dislike for

masculine women, for that is no more than a
mean egoism. If women ever become mascu-
line by becoming logical and ethical, they would
no longer be such good material for man's pro-
jection."
So long as the element described by Nietzsche
as the " abysmal antagonism
" exists in the rela-
tions of men and women, men will strive to

hinder the intellectual advance of women.
There will be a great struggle in the near future,
in which sex-jealousy and sex-rivalry will rankle
and manifest themselves. In this strife women
will almost lose temporarily many of their graces
and feminine attractions, and stand up as

doughty intellectual Amazons at open war with
men.
Do not imagine, O man, that your long

supremacy can endure for ever. You will fare
ill in this encounter unless you calmly recognise
that the only way to manage the determined
militant woman is by arbitration and com-
promise. You can't manage her with a club.

She never was managed with a club. Ask the
nearest savage if I am
wrong. You have fostered
inwoman an art of cunning with which no living
man can cope in the
long-run. Even Mr.
Asquith will be vanquished by the wily and in-
domitable Suffragettes.
CHAPTER VIII.
CAN THERE BE PEACE ?
Is the great Sex War interminable? This is a
question that concerns the sociologist, the re-

former, the politician, and the man in the street.
A house divided against itself cannot stand;
and a state of society with the sexes at variance,
divided in aims and ideals and sundered by mis-
understanding, is insecure. The antagonism in
love and in family life has now spread into the
arena of commerce and industrialism, and into
the realms of politics. The " eternal feminine "
"
baffles us. Woman,
always a tormenting joy,"
as Havelock Ellis has it, is one of the chief
problems of the age.

As I write this, we are witnessing a revolt in
Spain, which plainly points to the growing power

of woman throughout Europe. Spain is one of
the least progressive of
European countries, and
yet Spanish women, in spite of the Oriental rule
which has hindered their advance for centuries,
are the principal agitators in a rebellion that
no
AND HOW TO MANAGE HER in
threatens to upheave the whole legislative system
of the nation. The women of Spain have de-
clared that their husbands and sons shall not
be sent to the war. It is an uprising of women,
and the more remarkable when we realise that
thousands of Spanish women cannot read or
write. Reflect upon what might be achieved
if all the cultured women of a nation united for
a political end! No monarch, no parliament,
no army could withstand them. Man's protec-
tive instinct and his love for woman forbid open
physical warfare with her. Hence woman's

strength largely her weakness.
is
Peace within the home and in the State are

imperative. Internecine strife is a cause of in-
security and of reaction in either sphere. To

establish peace, or, at least, to lessen animosity,
is essential to the future
well-being of the com-
munity. This can only be achieved by a general
rout of all the flagrant misconceptions of the
sexes regarding one another. Men
must study
to understand woman, and howmanage her. to
Militant women must modify their views upon

the injustice, selfishness, and oppressive tenden-
cies of men, qualities that they tend to exag-
gerate.
When the average man discourses upon
woman, he is wont to affirm that Nature intended
ii2 MODERN WOMAN
her to do this, or not to do that, without any
previous necessary investigation in physiology.

The theory, for example, that women are in-
capable of intellectual equality with men, by

reason of their smaller brains, has now been
proved fallacious and worthless. Brain size and

brain weight are in proportion to bodily size and
weight. It is the opinion of latter-day physio-
logists that the average brain weight of women

is not smaller than that of men, in proportion
to body weight. Many men of action have had
small brains. Gambetta had a small brain. If
" brain
it is a
question of mass," women are
better off than men, for their brains are relatively
bigger.
But of what use are our organs if they are
neglected and atrophied? The "worse than
South Sea isle taboo " that has cramped women's
intelligence has induced wasting of the brain
potentiality. The
stupid usages of costume and
the neglect of robust exercises have wasted and
deformed the physique of women. Many men
suppose that the pinched waists of civilised
women are normal and natural! Many men
think that it is natural for a woman in health
to tire upon slight bodily exertion.
The functional periodicity is often brought
forward as a serious handicap upon woman, and
cited as a reason why she

is
likely to fail, or
break down recurrently, in a life devoted to
business, social affairs, and politics. Disturb-

ances of a physical and mental character un-
doubtedly occur periodically in women; but
many of the disorders are the result of injudi-
cious living, a lack of hygienic knowledge being
exceedingly common amongst the sex.
Maternity offers a more serious bar to

woman's activities outside of the home. But
the puerperal period is not the whole of a
woman's life, and many women have small
families, or remain childless all their lives.
Man sees woman throughglamour of poetry
a
and romance, and it is well that he does so, for
social life is impossible without ideals and illu-
sions. Nor is man's perception all fantasy and
" unsubstantial
the pageant of a dream."
Woman is aesthetically delightful. She has been
framed in this wise by Nature, with a very
definite purpose. Her long silken hair, whether
of gold or sable, is a joy to behold. Her face
is often beautiful, and never without its charm
for the lover; while her body, with its glorious
curves and delicately-textured flesh, imbues a
man with a sense of delight, and even of wor-
ship, for its superb grace.
Woman's mind and soul are enchanted regions
ii4 MODERN WOMAN
into which we love to peer and enter. Her
childish innocence calls for our tender affection,
and we learn great lessons from her woman's
native philosophy. She consoles, she heals, and
she inspires man.
But man has to live in the most intimate of
all human with this being, whose
relations
charms and whose virtues dazzle and enthral
him. He is bound to know more of woman
than his senses convey, and he cannot always
remain love-dazed and enraptured. His mate
is not always gracious and kind; her daily life
is not always serene through the exercise of her
sweet reasonableness. She is often perverse,
difficult, intractable, spiteful, unmanageable, and

" Souvent
exasperating. femme varie"
"
Why do women vary in this
quick, perplex-
"
ing manner ? is a
question that every husband
asks himself sooner or later. This variability is
not altogether the work of Satan. Much of it
is inevitable, uncontrollable, like the changes of

the moon. Accept this as an axiom, and when
you are distraught by woman's caprice, unkind-
a
ness, and ill-temper, remember that you also are

dominated, though in a lesser degree, by func-
tional processes. Remember that a nervous
woman often acts like an insane person when
over-tired or hungry. A hungry woman is an
angry woman. We have all heard the prescrip-
" Feed the brute." Let us never forget
tion,
that women are quite as irascible as men when
" Feed the
suffering from hunger. Therefore,
darling."
Alack of control over the temper in women
is often associated with a
physical cause, which
makes control more than normally difficult. It
is well to bear this in mind, and to be
prepared
for outbursts. Bad temper is also a result of
blood pressure on the brain; so that anything
which lessens that pressure, and draws the blood-
flow to other parts of the body, is beneficial.
Exercise is essential to the health of most
women ;
but nervous, excitable women fre-
quently over-exert themselves in walking,
cycling, or tennis. On the other hand, a tur-

bulent maniac may be quieted if he can be in-
duced to labour in the fields; and a moderate
amount of physical activity is excellent for a
neuropathic woman.
It is not always sheer perversity and feminity
that cause a woman to blow hot and cold by
turn. This must be understood by every lover
if he wishes to manage his Jill with a minimum
of discord. If a woman
unresponsive, do not
is
persist in
your ardour. The mood will change.
Bide your time. There are mysterious physio-
logical laws controlling this matter.
u6 MODERN WOMAN
In love men and women should cry a truce
to that fatal reticence which characterises the
social intercourse of the two sexes. They
should be frank and open; they should learn
each other's secret and intimate
thoughts and
desires. It is not
enough to know that a woman
is a good domestic manager, an amiable friend,
and the possessor of a comely figure. You are
starting on a very long journey alone with this
companion, and in the first stages you will learn
more of her innermost nature than you can con-
ceive during courtship. Yet many men per-
haps most start on their
conjugal journey
through with only the haziest apprehension
life
of the true, hidden emotions and desires of their

partners.
A community in which the majority of the
educated and forceful women are in conflict with
men in danger of dissolution.
is Woman must
be allowed to develop on her own lines, and
portentsshow clearly that those lines are diverg-

ing from the old track. If woman is to be
managed at all, she can only be managed by

acceding to all her reasonable political demands
with a good grace. Evolution is stronger than
politicians.
Woman has ruled in the past in many parts
of the world, and she may rule again. Professor
Lester Ward writes of this consummation as

certain. For good or ill, women are rapidly
winning to a status of social equality. The
Matriarchate may follow. And the human male
may be doomed to the fate of the male bee and
spider. Who can tell?

I remember reading a magazine article by
J.T. Nisbetj in which he declared that the nation
which heeded the counsels of its women had
better put up its shutters at once as a dying
concern. What nonsense! Here was a writer
of the firmest convictions who had never been
to the trouble of reading a few facts of
biology
and ethnology. Nations have listened, and do
still listen, to the counsels of their women.
There is not a political pie in Europe without
women's fingers in it.
Perfect equality is a fine ideal. like to We
picture a partnership in business or in marriage,
wherein both partners devise and act as equal
agents. Is such absolute unity possible? I
fear that it is only a dream of perfection. In the

vast majority of human associations there is a
head, a leader, a predominant partner. Man has

been the head of the two sexes for long ages.
Woman'scry for equality is

probably a sub-
conscious demand for supremacy. I know that
women emphasise the fact that they cannot do

ii8 MODERN WOMAN
without men, and that they only desire an
equality of rights. Obviously, women cannot
do without men; but it does not f6llow that they
will accept equality with men as the final goal of
their striving.
Mary Wollstonecraft was careful to point out

that she did not wish women to have power over
" but over themselves." This has been
men,
reiterated by many militant modern women.
Indeed, we are often assured that woman, and
not man, is the worst enemy of woman. It may
be that, in many cases, the woman herself is

her own worst enemy, and that her sufferings
arisefrom within herself and are only remotely
connected with external circumstances.
The deep introspective tendency of woman
often becomes a tyranny to herself. She is
morbidly addicted to taking her internal
machinery to pieces, and looking at it, until it
bewilders or frightens her. These are the
women who talk constantly about themselves,
their souls, their heart-needs, their pent-up
griefs, and their weird longings. They are
often deficient in a sense of humour, and there-
fore very hard to manage. The type has been
well studied by Van Eeden, in The Deeps of
Deliverance.
The failure of the old civilisations of Greece
and Rome was largelydue to the wastage of

women's powers. Education was the privilege
of the courtesan class alone. For centuries
women have been educated only to please the
opposite sex. The novels and essays of the

seventeenth and eighteenth centuries contain
fullest proof of this narrowing influence.
"The education of women should be always
relative to that of men," wrote Rousseau. " To
please, to be useful to us, to make us love and

esteem them, to educate us when young and
take care of us when grown up, to advise, to
console us, to render our lives easy and agree-
able these are the duties of women at all times,
:
and what they should be taught in their infancy."

The setting of woman on an entirely different
plane from that occupied by man has always
seemed to me a most curious social phenomenon.
Women are far more like us in their passions,
moral outlook, and aspirations than the bulk of
both men and women imagine. That there are
specificmasculine and feminine traits is undeni-
able; but the division has been drawn too
widely,
and many so-called "feminine characteristics"
are the products of an unnatural condition.
In our mismanagement of one-half of our
population, we have ignorantly determined that
woman has but one duty and one function.
120 MODERN WOMAN
What madness! We do not rear our mares
simply to breed colts. We have also other uses
for our horses than as sires.
The way of peace is through the annihilation

of the prejudices and preconceptions to which
I have frequently referred in these pages.
41
Never shall peace and human nature meet
Till, free and equal, man and woman greet
Domestic peace."
If Woman, after her long subjugation, were

suddenly freed, and raised to such power as men
now possess, we might reasonably anticipate
disaster to society. But there is little fear of
such a sex revolution. The transformation of
woman will not be sudden, as from the waving
of a fairy wand, but a tedious and painful process
in which both sexes will suffer.
May the fates in their mercy still leave us

Woman, the essential WOMAN, with at least some
traces of those gifts and attractions that we, as
sons of Adam, rejoice in !
May Destiny shape
her and us in such fashion that we learn to love
more and to torment one another less.
THE END.
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of canvas and absolute truth to life are the primary qualities of great
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day. . . . He goes on turning out one brilliant novel after
another, steadily accomplishing for Devon what Mr. Hardy did for
Wessex. This is another of Mr. Phillpotts' Dartmoor novels, and
one that will rank with his best. . . Something of kinship with
'King Lear' and
'
Pere Go riot.' " Chicago Record Herald.
"The Balzac of Dartmore. It is easy and true to say that Mr.

Phillpotts in all his work has done no single piece of portraiture
better than this presentation of Philip Ouldsbroom. . . triumph A
of the novelist's understanding and keen drawing. . . Dart- A
moor background described in terms of an artist's deeply felt
appreciation. Ne<w York World.
"No other English writer has painted such facinating and colorful
word-pictures of Dartmoor's heaths and hills, woods and vales, and
billowy plains of paliid yellow and dim green. Few others have
attempted such vivid character-portrayal as marks this latest work
from beginning to end." The North American.
"A strong book, flashing here and there with beautiful gems of
poetry. . .
Providing endless food for thought. . . in- An
tellectual treat." London Evening Standard.
The Haven cloth. I2mo. $1.50
"The foremost English novelist with the one exception of Thomas

Hardy. . .His descriptions of the sea and his characterization
of the fisher folks are picturesqne, true to life, full of humorous
philosophy." JEANNETIEL. GILDER in The Chicago Tribune.
"It is no dry bones of a chronicle, but touched by genius to life

and vividness.
"
Louisville, Kentucky, Post.
"A close, thoughtful study of universal human nature."

The Outlook.
" One of the best of this author's many works." The Bookman.
THE COMPLETE WORKS
OF
WILLIAM J. LOCKE
"LIFE IS A GLORIOUS THING." W, J. Locke
"If you wish to be lifted out of the petty cares of to-day, read one
of Locke's novels. You may select any from the following titles
and be certain of meeting some new and delightful friends. His
' *
characters are worth knowing. Baltimore Sun.
The Morals of Marcus Ordeyne The Demagogue and Lady Pbayre

At the Gate of Samaria The Beloved Vagabond
A Study In Shadows The White Dove
Simon the Jester The Usurper
Where Love Is Septimus
Derelicts Idols
12mo. Cloth. $1.50 each
Twelve volumes bound in green cloth. Uniform edition in box.

18. 00 per set. Half Morocco $50.00 net. Express prepaid.
Simon the Jester

(Profusely illustrated by James Montgomery Flagg)
' '
"It has all the charm and surprise of his famous Simple Septimus.
It is a novel full of wit and action and life. The characters are all
out-of-the-ordinary and splendidly depicted; and the end is an
artistic triumph a fitting climax for a story that's full of charm
* *
and surprise. American Magazine.
The Beloved Vagabond

" 'The Beloved Vagabond* is a gently-written, fascinating tale.
Make his acquaintance some dreary, rain-soaked and find
the vagabond nerve-thrilling in your own " evening
heart.
Chicago Record-Herald.
Septimus (Illustrated by James Montgomery Flagg)

the joy of the year.
" American
"Septimus is Magazine.
The Morals of Marcus Ordeyne

"One and much-to-be-desired stories which keep one
of those rare
divided between an interested impatience to get on and an irresis-
tible temptation to linger for full enjoyment by the way." Life.
Where Love Is
" One of those unusual novels of which the end as as the
" Ne<w York Globe.
is good
beginning.
WILLIAM J. LOCKE
The Usurper
" Contains the hall-mark of
genius itself. The plot is masterly in
conception, the descriptions are all vivid flashes from a brilliant
pen. It is impossible to read and not marvel at the skilled work-
manship and the constant dramatic intensity of the incident, situ-
ations and climax." The Boston Herald.
Derelicts
" Mr. Locke tells his story in a very true, a very moving, and a
very noble book. If any one can read' the last chapter with dry
eyes we shall be surprised. Derelicts is an impressive, an im-
'
portant book. Yvonne is a creation that any artist might be proud

of." The Daily Chroniclt.
Idols
" One of the very few distinguished novels of this present book
season." The Daily Mail.
"A brilliantly written and eminently readable book."
The London Daily Telegraph.
A Study in Shadows
'Mr. Locke has achieved a distinct success in this novel. He has
struck many emotional chords, and struck them all with a firm,
sure hand. In the relations between Katharine and Raine he had
a delicate problem to handle, and he has handled it delicately."
The Daily Chronicle.
The White Dove
44
an interesting story. The characters are strongly conceived
It is
and vividly presented, and the dramatic moments are powerfully
realized." The Morning Post.
The Demagogue and Lady Phayre

" Think of Locke's clever books. Then think of a book as differ*
ent from any of these as one can well imagine that will be Mr.
Locke's new book." New York World.
At the Gate of Samaria

" William if not unusual.
Locke's novels are nothing
J. They are
marked by a quaint The
habitual novel reader inevi-
originality.
tably is grateful for a refreshing sense of escaping the common-
place path of conclusion." Chicago Record- Herald.
GILBERT K. CHESTERTON
Heretics. Essays, izmo. $1.50 net. Postage 12 cents.
"Always entertaining." New York Evening Sun.
"Always original." Chicago Tribune.
Orthodoxy. Uniform with "Heretics."

izmo. $1.50 net. Postage 12 cents.
"Here is a man with something to say." Brooklyn Life.

"A work of genius." Chicago Evening Post.
the most important religious work that has ap-
'
"'Orthodoxy is
peared since Emerson." North American Review.

"Is likely to produce a sensation. An extraordinary book which
will be much read and talked about." New York Globe.
All Things Considered. Essays on various subjects,
such as;
Conceit and Caricature; Spiritualism; Science and
Religion ; Woman, etc.
$1.50 net. Postage 12 cents.
"Full of the author's abundant vitality, wit and unflinching
optimism." Book News.
The Napoleon of Netting Hill. \imo. $1.50.

"A brilliant piece of satire, gemmed with ingenius paradox."
Boston Herald.
George Bernard Shaw. An illustrated Biography.
1 2 mo. $1.50 net. Postage 12 cents.
The Ball and the Cross. 12*10. $1.50.
Gilbert K. Chesterton. A Criticism.

Cloth. 1 2 mo. $1.50 net. Postage 12 cents.
An illustrated biography of this brilliant author ; also an

able review of his works.
"The anonymous author is a critic with uncommon discrimination
and good sense. Mr. Chesterton possesses one of the best attri-
butes of genius impersonality." Baltimore News.
ANATOLE FRANCE
"Anttole France is a writer whose personality is very strongly re-
flected in his works. . . . To reproduce his evanescent grace
and charm is not to be lightly achieved, but the translators have
done their work with care, distinction, and a very happy sense of
the value of words." Daily Graphic.
"We must now all read all of Anatole France. The offer is too
good tr be shirked. He is just Anatole France, the greatest
living writer of French." Daily Chronicle*
Complete Limited Edition in English

Under the general editorship of Frederic Chapman.
&vo., special light-weight paper,wide margins, Caslon
type, bound in red and gold, gilt top, and papers from
designs by Beardsley, initials by Ospovat. $2.00 per
volume (except John of Arc), postpaid.
Balthasar Pierre Noziere

The Well of St. Clare The White Stone
The Red Lily Penguin Island
Mother of Pearl The Opinions of
The Crime of
Jerome Coignard
Jocasta and
Sylvestre Bonnard
the Famished Cat
The Garden of Epicurus
The Aspirations of
Thais
Jean Servien
The Merrie Tales of The Elm Tree on
Jacques Tournebroche the Mall
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My Friend's Book
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The Wicker-
The Comedian's Tragedy Work Woman
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Life and Letters (4 vols.) Profitable Tales
CAPTAIN DESMOND
BY
MAUD DIVER
Author of the Trilogy of East Indian Life, Three Novels of
Anglo-Indian Army Life, as follows :
CAPTAIN DESMOND
THE GREAT AMULET
CANDLES IN THE WIND
Cloth, tamo. $/.jo each
London Morning Post : "Vigor of characterization accom-

panied by an admirable terseness and simplicity of expres-
sion. ... A brilliant and convincing study of an
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directness makes one better for reading it."
PaU Mall Gazette : " A

very sound piece of work, which
introduces us to a writer of ability, insight and observation."
The Bookman: "Mrs. Diver not only takes the reader

inside realAnglo-Indian life as it is lived by people who
have more to do than 'play tennis with the ten command-
ments,' but invests the complications of marriage with pro-
found interest. This finest of all fine arts, the art of living
together, is the theme of her story, and we could not wish a
healthier or more original study of the problem. It is a
genuine pleasure to come across a story of such ability and

vitality."
The Athen&um : " Mrs. Diver excels in
representing the
better side of Anglo-Indian life, in bringing vividly before
us its strenuousness, self-sacrifice and loyalty. . . Such
wide issues as Frontier warfare, cholera camps and Hima-
layan exploration play a large part in the action, and are
handled with sympathy and power."
THE GREAT AMULET
By MAUD DIVER
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The Times: "Mrs. Diver has had opportunities for studying the
strong, silent man of action at close quarters, and has all an artist's
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The scene is once more the Punjab and the Frontier, and some of the
characters in Mrs. Diver's previous novel, "Capt.Desmond, V.C.," ap-
pear again. ...
A powerful, interesting book, which strikes the
reader as sincere and actual."
The Outlook: "A very fine and vital piece of work. Mrs. Diver
knows her Indian life to the heart, and has a rare gift of conveying a
sense of it to the reader, alike in its everyday duties and its moments
of exalted heroism. Specially noteworthy is her dealing with the loyal,
inarticulate comradeship of men; her book is a book of friendship.
After so many cynical studies of Anglo-Indian life, it is no small plea-
sure to come on so gallant and true-hearted a story, one which depicts
the nobler side of men and women doing England's work on the bor-
ders of her Empire."
Pall Mall Gasette: "An Anglo-Indian study which not only gives
no place to society scandal, but also presents, unostentatiously, the
most inspiring aspect of Empire-building. In her many-sided descrip-
tions of the natural beauties of India, and in her presentation of Indian
frontier life Mrs. Diver has few equals among contemporary writers.
But the central merit of The Great Amulet lies in skilful characteriza-
tion. Quita Mautice, a remarkable and complex personality, is abso-
lutely true to life the virtues and failings of her rare kind present a
;
portrait unerring in every respect. Lenox, also an unusual individual,

approximates closely to one man's picture of another. Hardly one
touch suggests the woman's hand."
The Argonaut (San Francisco): "The Great Amulet is a notable

novel. One of the very few that leave a deep impression on the
mind. . . The author never
writes anything that is dull or super-
fluous. always enthusiastic, and can always hold the attention
She is
from beginning to end."

An American Love-Story
MARGARITA'S SOUL
BY
JOSEPHINE DASKAM BACON
[INQRAHAM LOVELL]
Profusely Illustrated. Sixteen full-page half-tone illustrations.
Numerous line cuts, reproduced from drawings by J. Scott
Williams. Also Whistler Butterfly Decorations.
Cloth. 12mo. $1.50
"Filled with imaginative touches, resourceful, intelligent

and amusing. An ingenious plot that keeps the interest sus-
pended until the end, and has a quick and shrewd sense of
humor.** Boston Transcript.
"Areviewer would hesitate to say how long it is since a

writer gave us so beautiful, so naive, so strangely brought up
and introduced, a heroine. It is to be hoped that the author
' '
is already at work on another novel. Toronto Globe.
"May cause the reader to miss an important engagement

or neglect his business. A
love story of sweetness and purity
touched with the mythical light of Romance and aglow with
poetry and tenderness. One of the most enchanting creatures
in modern fiction." San Francisco Bulletin.
"It is extremely entertaining from start to finish, and

there are most delightful chapters of description and romantic
scenes which hold one positively charmed by their beauty and
' '
unusualness. Boston Herald.
"Sentimental, with the wholesome, pleasing sentimentality

of the old bachelorwho has not turned crusty. Thack- . . A
erayan touch." Ne*w York Tribune.
at the outset by the boldness

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of the situation. . . We
should be hard put to it to name a
better American novel of the month." The Outlook.
M. P. WILLCOCKS
The Way Up cloth. I2mo. $1.50
This novel is one that touches three burning questions of the hour
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study of certain social tendencies of to-day and possibly to-morrow.
The Wingless Victory cloth. I2mo. $1.50

"A of passion, of frailty, of long temptation and of
moving drama
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keeping on the shelves, even by the classics, for it
is painted in colors which do not fade." Times.
" Fresh and
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for any reader to come across this book." Standard.
"A "
splendid book. Tribune.
A Man Of Genius Ornamental Cloth. 12mo. $1.50

"Far above the general
"
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MRS. JOHN LANE

According to Maria cloth. 12ms. $1.50
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is She is shrewd and
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and straight at many really vital social weaknesses. Future social
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linquents and social critics alike may read with pleasure and profit."
London Morning Leader.
The Champagne Standard
Cloth. 12mo. $1.50 net. Postage 12 cents.
" Mrs.
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ing married in England, is in a position to view British society as an
American, and American' society as a Londoner. The result is this
very entertaining book.
'
Neew York Evening Sun.
DOLF WYLLARDE
I2ma $1.50 each
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New York Globe.
Mafoota
A Romance of Jamaica
" The
plot has a resemblance to that of Wilkie Collins' The New-
'
Magdalen,' but the heroine is a puritan of the strictest type the ;
"
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As Ye Have Sown
" A brilliant story dealing with the world of fashion."
Captain Amyas
" San Francisco Examiner.
Masterly."
" Louisville Courier-Journal.
Startlingly plain spoken."
The Rat Trap

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The Story of Eden
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Spectator.
Rose-White Youth.
%* The love-story of a young girl.
The Pathway of the Pioneer.
%* The story of seven girls wno have banded themselves
" together
mutual help and cheer under the name of Nous Autres."
for
represent, collectively, the professions open to women of no
They
deliberate training, though well educated. They are introduced to
the reader at one of their weekly gatherings and then the author
proceeds to depict the home and business life of each one individ-
ually.
EMERY POTTLE
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Allheal Dialogues on Aspirations and Duties
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* '
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MODERN WOMAN

OF G*UF. L8S&ARY. LOi

AN AGE LONG CONFLICT.

THE WARFARE TO-DAY.

THE DUEL IN LOVE.

Falling in Love Its Effect upon Men Its Influence

THERE has been no period of human history

type of ravishing beauty, as the voluptuous

purely ideal conception of a maiden, who would

But woman has the malice of both.

St. Augustine asked why women were born at

virtues, advocated the withholding of culture

they are all characterised by a spirit of contempt

secretly at war with men. The wiser among

stupidity, selfishness, and tyranny of their

spouses, and cultivated the arts of cunning and

them " with a stick no bigger than his thumb."

The instinctive impulse of woman to tease,

torment, and revenge herself upon her owner,

that form of the antagonism of the sexes which

struggling, biting, kicking. Maori girls are

upon him is a survival of the ancientcustom

exquisite satisfaction in the infliction of both

height in many young girls when a young man

types of cultured women, the impulse shrinks

not without fear on the woman's side. Fear is

a stimulant, like pain in certain forms; and there

logical use, and nearly all women experience

When I allude to the cruelty of women, I

do not mean that kind of cruelty which men

mother-feeling is protective and pitiful towards

pathetic, than men; but under stress they are

women among savage tribes who torture and

by a sense of injury inflicted upon their class

they do not excel, as a sex, in the use of the

where I lived for a few years was a mechanic,

was the rest and open-air remedy. But if his

palpable results. If she wishes to plunge you

you by a sweet exercise of her intuition

can only say that the sexes torment one another

by precise calculations, nor by means of an

THE WARFARE TO-DAY.

" MEN don't understand us." How many

heard it reiterated times without number, and

siftthe evidence of men against women. The

" are." I have

variance with the happiness of him who harbours

state is selfishness," we must all, men and

What concerns us for the moment is whether

heavy a share in this guilt of self-love.

Tooting a middle-aged citizen of the male sex,

eternally panting to catch the 9.14, which takes

go by the name of books, writing, calculating,

woods, with a stone axe in his hand, looking

was in childhood. Instead of retiring at fifty-

five, which he could do if he stinted his wife

day common one. And yet we know well

enough that he will not escape the reproach of

never discovered. No man can live his own