CURRENT MENTAL HEALTH AND TREATMENT

THE DISTURBANCE in ISLAMIC

By :
Rika Rizkinia
Npm : 202112500172
Class : S5B

Abstract
Mental disorders if not handled properly, will get worse, and in the
can end burden families, communities, and the government. The
The method used in this paper is to use descriptive exploratory analysis,
through literature review and secondary data studies. The results of
the study shows that the study of the 2018 Riskesdas data revealed
that the prevalence of severe mental disorders in the Indonesian
population is 7% (per mile of the total population) and most were in
Bali, Yogyakarta, NTB and Aceh. The mental emotional disorders with
symptoms of depression and anxiety amounted to 9.8% and most
were in Central Sulawesi, Gorontalo, NTT and Maluku. The mental
health movement must prioritize prevention and the role of the
community to help optimize the mental functions of individuals. Mental
health is not only related to medical or psychological problems, but
also has a socio-cultural dimension to the spiritual and religious
dimensions. For this reason, not only medical treatment but also
religious handling, such as being a patient, getting used to implementing
and disciplining commendable habits, doing positive activities,
increasing confidence in certain values (truth, beauty, virtue, faith and
others), reading prayers, reading Al-Quran, remembrance of
remembrance and hadith of the Prophet, performing evening prayers,
associating with people who are good or evil, fasting, following Islamic
studies, follow recitations of recitation and jurisprudence, follow the
Assembly of Remembrance and learning Islamic Da'wah and science.

Introduction
Every day through information media, either print or electronically, news of crime and
tragedy always appears domestic violence, rape, harassment sexual violence, prostitution and
various other forms of crime. This illustrates the life of our society being sick. Society is
experiencing an identity crisis leading to a moral and spiritual crisis. More annoying Again, the
phenomenon of moral and spiritual crisis that has become widespread recently has apparently
not only affected adults, however has involved children. From the current condition of society, it
can be seen that mental health in each individual cannot generalized. This condition creates
even more urgency discussion of mental health that leads to how to empower individuals,
families, and
community to be able to find, maintain, and optimize mental health conditions in dealing with
everyday life (Dewi, 2012).
Prof. Drs. Subandi, M.A, Ph.D., an expert in psychiatry said that mental disorders and health
problems has quite complex dimensions. Not only mental health related to medical or
psychological problems alone, but also has a socio-cultural dimension to a spiritual dimension
and religious. (Matta, 2016). Good mental health enables people to realizing their potential,
coping with the stresses of life normal, work productively, and contribute to their communities
(WHO, 2013). According to Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 by the Ministry of Health,
around 9.8% or around 26 million of the 267 million people in Indonesia live with “disorders
mental emotional” or mental health disorders. If explained in more detail, it shows the
prevalence of the disorder Mental heaviness in the Indonesian population is around 7% per mile
andThe largest numbers are in Bali, Yogyakarta, NTB and Aceh who pointed. As for emotional
mental disorders with symptoms of depression and anxiety were 9.8% for age15 years and over
and mostly found in Central Sulawesi, Gorontalo, NTT and Maluku (Riskesdas, 2018).
The explanation above is an improvement on the research data
Basic Health (Riskesdas) in 2013 where shows the prevalence of emotional mental disorders
with symptoms of depression and anxiety by 6% for ages 15 years and above or around 16
million people. Whereas
the prevalence of serious mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, is
1.7% per mile. This means 1-2 people out of 1000 residents in Indonesia is experiencing serious
mental disorders. (Riskesdas, 2013).
Therefore, mental health disorders cannot be We underestimate it, because the current
number of cases is still sufficient worrying. There are around 450 million people suffering
mental and behavioral disorders worldwide. Estimated one in four people will suffer from a
mental disorder during their lifetime. According to the WHO Asia region Pacific (WHO SEARO)
number of cases of depressive disorders most in India (56,675,969 cases or 4.5% of the total
population), lowest in the Maldives (12,739 cases or 3.7% of population). Meanwhile in
Indonesia there were 9,162,886 cases or 3.7% of the population (WHO, 2017). Things that are
still being considered in handling Mental health disorders are a lack of services and mental
health facilities in various regions of Indonesia so many sufferers of mental health disorders
who have not handled well. Disorder treatment gaps people in Indonesia reach more than 90
percent. It means, less than 10 percent of people with mental disorders are receive therapy
services by health workers. (Riskesdas, 2018). The number of mental health services in
Indonesia limited, uneven distriCurrently, health service facilities provide services.
Currently, health service facilities provide services health in the mental health sector
consists of 50 RSJs and 1 RSKO in 26 of 34 provinces in Indonesia (8 provinces without RSJ), 151
of 445 RSUs with psychiatric services or amounting to 33% RSU, and 1934 (21.47%) of 9005
health centers that serve mental health. Then too he explained. Only 249 of the total 445 public
hospitals in Indonesia which can provide all kinds of treatments mental health and only 30% of
the 9000 community health centers in throughout Indonesia that has a health service program
soul. Mental health is still a serious problem in Indonesia (Health Development Directorate
Activity Action Plan soul, 2014). In Indonesia, only 6.1% of the population suffers from
depression undergoing medical treatment. Even though depression is the beginning symptoms
of more severe mental disorders that can come from various factors such as biological,
psychological and social. If it is not treated immediately, the number of cases of mental
disorders will increase is likely to continue to increase. Therefore it is important in Every country
has efforts to overcome the consequences this mental health disorder (Riskesdas, 2018).
According to Firmansyah (2017), there are three things that happen indicators of whether
humanity is mentally healthy or not, namely faith, knowledge, and good deeds or productive
actions. This matter explains that a person can maintain health mentally by using and exploiting
energy (intellectual or cognitive, emotional and motivational) as well as possible and lead to
realization humanity (productivity) which is not contradictory with the rules or morals/morals
regulated in Islam. Therefore, this paper aims to understand the mental health situation in
society now and handling the disorder in an Islamic manner.
METHOD
This article is an analysis of the situation using descriptive exploration. Information
sources consist of several, including the 2013 and 2018 Riskesdas surveys, reports results of
WHO activities, previous research on mental health topics, as well as regulations and policies
related. Also included are books, journals and related articles from electronic media. The things
discussed in this article are current state of mental health and treatment the disorder is Islamic.

THEORETICAL DISCUSSION
The main focus of attention is material objects Mental health is human, especially
related with human mental health problems, while the formal object concerns the problem,
how to work systematically and plan so that human mental health can be maintained in various
ways symptoms of mental disorders and mental illness. As is said Daradjat as an expert who
said, how to ensure that a healthy mental/soul can truly be realized, in the sense of avoiding
various symptoms of mental disorders (neuroses) and avoid them mental illnesses (psychoses),
which are the object main discussion of mental health (Daradjat, 1996)
According to WHO, mental health is a condition of a person's well-being individuals who
are aware of their own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, be able to work
productively and able to contribute to community (WHO, 2013).
Based on Law Number 18 of 2014 concerning Mental Health, mental health is defined as
a condition where an individual can develop physically, mental, spiritual, and social so that the
individual aware of one's own abilities, able to handle pressure, able to work productively, and
able to deliver contribution to their community (UU, 2014). Another expert, namely Daradjat
(1996) also explains that there are five definitions of mental health according to him, that is :
1. Mental health is preventing people from experiencing symptoms mental disorders
(neuroses) and from the symptoms of disease soul (psychose). This definition is widely
adopted among people psychiatry (mental medicine) which looks at humans from the
point of view of health or illness. psychiatry (mental medicine) which looks at humans
from the point of view of health or illness.
2. Mental health is the ability to adapts to himself, to people others and the society and
environment in which he lives. This definition seems broader and more general than the
first definition, because it is connected with social life as a whole. The ability to adapt is
expected creates peace and happiness in life.
3. Mental health is the realization of harmony which really is between the functions of the
soul, as well have the ability to face common problems and avoid them anxiety and
inner conflict (conflict). This definition shows that the functions of the soul such as
thought, feelings, attitudes, views and beliefs must be mutual support and work
together to create harmony of life, which distances people from nature hesitate and
hesitate, and avoid feeling anxious and inner conflict.
4. Mental health is knowledge and action which aims to develop and
 utilize existing potential, talents and characteristics as much as possible, so that it leads
to happiness of oneself and others, and avoidance of mental disorders and illnesses.
5. Mental health is the realization of harmony seriously between psychological functions
and the creation of adaptation between humans and himself and his environment,
based on faith and devotion, and aims to achieve a life that is good meaningful and
happy in this world and happy in the afterlife.

According to El-Quusy (1996) that, mental health ora healthy soul is perfect harmony or
integration between various functions of the soul accompanied by the ability to deal with mild
mental shocks, which usually occur in everyone people, besides being positive can feel
happiness and abilities. Mental health was also mentioned as mental disorders (neuroses) and
mental illnesses (psychoses) which starts from the inability of the person facing it his difficulties
are reasonable, or he is unable adapt to the situation he faces. Factor that affects self-
adjustment such as frustration (feeling pressure), conflict (inner conflict), anxiety (anxiety).
According to Al Farabi (in el-Quussy, 1996), Health or mental health comes from the
active human mind, if the mind is active in a healthy condition, then it is a healthy condition his
mind will be healthy. If the active mind is sick, then the condition his mental health will hurt.
According to Ibn Sina (in el-Quussy, 1996), as in the Syarif there are several statements
regarding mental health namely:
1. The desires and impulses of the soul follow the imagination. In it is imagination that
drives desire which are desired
2. The influence of the mind on the body, namely the influence of emotions and will. Ibn
Sina said based on medical experience, that it is actually physical sick people, just by
force His will, can be healed and so too with healthy people can be absolutely sick when
influenced by the thought that he is sick.
3. What a strong emotion, like fear can be damage the organism's temperament and cause
death, by affecting vegetative functions: “This happens when a judgment resides within
soul: judgment, as a pure belief is not affects the body, but it affects if This belief is
accompanied by feelings of joy and sadness.
4. Feelings of joy or sadness are states of being mental and both have an influence on
vegetative functions. Actually if the soul is strong enough, the soul can heal and hurt
other bodies without any means. Here Ibn Sina was very advanced and goes beyond
modern psychology, namely hypnosis and suggestion.

Classification of Mental Health Disorders

Various feelings that cause disturbance mental health, namely feelings of anxiety
(anxiety), envy, sadness, feeling inferior, angry, doubtful (undecided), and so on (Burhanuddin,
1999).
Mental disorders consist of various problems, with various symptoms. However, it is
generally characterized by several abnormal combination of thoughts, emotions, behavior and
relationships with other people. Examples are schizophrenia, depression, intellectual disability
and disorders due to drug abuse, bipolar affective disorder, dementia, intellectual disabilities
and developmental disorders included autism (WHO, 2017).
In medical science it is known as "psychosomatic" (psychological). Intended by the term
This is to explain that, there is close relationship between soul and body. If the soul exists in less
than normal conditions such as distress, anxiety, anxiety and so on, then the body also suffers.
According to DSM V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) in
2013, mental disorders can classified into the following 19 criteria:
1. Neurodevelopmental disorders
2. Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
3. Bipolar and related disorders
4. Depressive disorders
5. Anxiety disorders
6. Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
7. Trauma- and stressor-related disorders
8. Dissociative disorders
9. Somatic symptom and related disorders
10. Feeding and eating disorders
11. Elimination disorders
12. Sleep–wake disorders
13. Sexual dysfunctions
14. Gender dysphoria
15. Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders
16. Substance-related and addictive disorders
17. Neurocognitive disorders
18. Personality disorders
19. Paraphilic disorders

Prevalence of Mental Health Disorders in Indonesia

Increase in the proportion of mental disorders in the data it was found that the 2018
Riskesdas was quite significant if compared to Riskesdas 2013, increased from 1.7% to 7% (per
mile) or around 7,115 people. Prevalence of Disorders serious disorders such as psychosis or
schizophrenia are the highest in Bali (11%), Yogyakarta (10%), and NTB (10%), while those
lowest in Riau Islands (3%) (Riskesdas, 2018).
Furthermore, the prevalence of depression is around 12.3% or 77,342 people from the
subjects studied in Riskesdas 2018. Provinces with the prevalence of mental disorders the
highest emotional is Central Sulawesi (12.3%), Gorontalo (10%) and NTT (9%), while the lowest
prevalence is in the Province Jambi (1.8%) (Riskesdas, 2018).
Provinces with prevalence of mental disorders emotional also showed an increase from
2013-2018 in every city in Indonesia. For the highest areas found in Central Sulawesi (19.8%),
Gorontalo (18%) and NTT 16%) (Riskesdas, 2018).
The mental health assessment is a scaled survey national with a cross-sectional design,
non-intervention or observation and using measuring instruments as well the same method in
Riskesdas 2013, using Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) which consists of 20 items question.
Emotional mental disorders are categorized divided into 3, namely mild, moderate and severe
disorders. Survey implemented in 34 provinces, 514 regencies/cities in Indonesia. Preparatory
activities up to reporting
carried out from January 2017 to December 2018 (Riskesdas, 2018).
There is a statistically significant relationship between disability and emotional mental
disorders of respondents. This can be understood because someone has experienced it physical
disabilities and social disabilities, will be able to affect their mental condition. According to
Santrock as quoted by Wardhani, that physical conditions can causes mental problems and vice
versa Mental problems/difficulties can worsen physical symptoms (Wardani, 2016).
Public awareness in dealing with mental health disorders are still lacking. To date, people
with mental disorders in Indonesia are still treated wrongly, namely shackling. This is due to
because there is still negative stigma and discrimination against sufferers of mental disorders
are increasing number of people with mental disorders. From data Riskesdas 2018 shows that
only 9% of the population is received treatment for depressive symptoms and 91% did not
undergoing treatment. Proportion of households who have shackling family members with
serious mental disorders amounting to 14.3%, most of the population living in rural areas
(18.2%) as well as in the index quintile group lowest ownership (19.5%) (Riskesdas, 2018).
Things that are still being considered in handling Mental health disorders are a lack of
services and mental health facilities in various regions of Indonesia so many sufferers of mental
health disorders who have not handled well. Disorder treatment gap people in Indonesia reach
more than 90 percent. It means, less than 10 percent of people with mental disorders are
receive therapy services by health workers (Riskesdas, 2018).
The number of mental health services in Indonesia limited, uneven distribution and
variable quality. Currently, health service facilities provide services health in the mental health
sector consists of 50 RSJs and 1 RSKO in 26 of 34 provinces in Indonesia (8 provinces without
RSJ), 151 of 445 RSUs with psychiatric services or amounting to 33% RSU, and 1934 (21.47%) of
9005 health centers that serve mental health. Then too he explained. Only 249 of the total 445
public hospitals in Indonesia which can provide all kinds of treatments mental health and only
30% of the 9000 community health centers in throughout Indonesia that has a health service
program soul. Mental health is still a serious problem in Indonesia (Health Development
Directorate Activity Action Plan soul, 2014).

Islamic Management of Mental Health Disorders

WHO launched a vision of a health action plan mental 2013–2020 for the world that is
where health mental health must be more valued, promoted and protected. It is hoped that
mental disorders can be prevented and people who affected by this disorder obtain various
human rightspeople and access to high quality, culturally appropriate healthcare and social
services at the right time to encourage recovery, which makes it possible to achieve health at
the highest level and participate fully in society and in the workplace, free from stigmatization
and discrimination (WHO, 2013).
Mental health efforts in Indonesia can be interpreted as an activity to create a degree of
mental health optimal for each individual, family and society with promotive, preventive,
curative and approache comprehensive rehabilitation, integrated and sustainable by the
government, government region, and/or community (UU, 2014).
Currently, Law no. 18/2014 concerning Mental Health serve as a guide in the
implementation of mental health comprehensive. Determination of basic mental health services
and Referrals become mental health efforts that are implemented by building a mental health
service system tiered and comprehensive. Apart from the service aspect too designated as a
resource in the implementation, including human resources, service facilities, supplies,
technology and technology products, and funding. The implementation of mental health efforts
must be based on principles of justice, humanity, benefits, transparency, accountability,
comprehensive, protection, and non discrimination (UU, 2014).
This law is the basis for handling policies mental health in Indonesia to focus on
improving degree of community mental health and prevention of disorders life for those who
are vulnerable or at risk. Strictly speaking it is written that everyone and/or orders other people
who intentionally commit shackling, neglect, violence or other acts that violate human rights
people with mental disorders must be punished (UU, 2014).
Siswanto (2007) states that this has now happened a paradigm shift in the mental health
movement prioritizes the aspect of preventing disruption mental health and how the
community plays a role in helping optimization of individual mental functions. Concepts and
views regarding mental health and its problems influencing handling ranging from policy to
action taken.
The treatment given tends to be less effective as a whole, so a different approach is
needed more depth to help deal with distractions mentally. An approach that can be utilized is
to religious approach. The role of religion is very important for attention to mental health in
society. A mentality without religion will produce less impact Good. As for what is closely
related between religion and mental health is that mental health is very closely related
connection with religion because of the strength of a person's faith seen from how close
humans are to Allah SWT and without religion, life will not go well and smoothly (Susilawati,
2017).
In Indonesia, businesses and service benefits for mental health is still very limited,
because awareness People still have very little ability to master the soul in helping the
difficulties they face. For help services for mental health then Islam gives its role where Islam
creates a therapeutic therapy that is based on Islamic teachings and many played by religious
figures or teachers or orders which is considered to have spiritual advantages and apply and
organize these practices in one scientific framework and Islamic therapy (Wijiya, 1988). Periods
of illness can be said to be a testing process from the Almighty Creator Allah SWT, to see who
among his servants who are truly within faith and patience. Because it really is faith not only
verbal speech, but also implanted in the human heart and applied deeply form daily actions by
getting closer to the Almighty Creator. Islamic teachings recommend if you experience pain
either physically or mentally, people should immediately seek healing through medical
treatment to the experts as an effort that must be done for them every creature of Allah SWT.
The importance of therapy for humans is due to Many people have deviant behavior from
religious provisions, for example humans glorify things more the principle of the world's
delights rather than interests the afterlife. The world is the main goal, meanwhile the afterlife is
left alone. And most importantly This is because many people have been negligent Allah, at the
top complains about what he gets resulting in a decline in mental health. In a context like this,
humans can be directed to back to religion. Ramayulis (2002) explains that once humans are in
a state of helplessness, humans will lose grip and become resigned. In similar conditions,
religious teachings will help humans to rise from adversity and gives meaning to his life. There
are three activities which could potentially give someone an opportunity to find the meaning of
life for himself, namely:
1. Creative activities, working and creating, as well as carry out the duties as
well as possible respective obligations.
2. Belief and appreciation of certain values (truth, beauty, virtue, faith and
other)
3. The appropriate attitude to take in the circumstances and The suffering one
faces is inevitable

Al-Kindi (el-Quussy, 1996) also stated that

This mental/psychological disorder must be prevented as follows
prevent physical disorders. Repair and healing of the soul
it can be done by:
1. Be patient in improving yourself beyond patience
in curing physical disorders.
2. Get used to carrying out commendable habits trivial things.
3. Discipline these commendable habits in things that are difficult, then
improve more habit bigger than that.
4. If it becomes a habit, increase the level even higher, so that you can get used
to bigger things as well as smaller things.

Therapy in Islam is mentioned as a treatment process and healing of

ailments, whether mental, spiritual, morally and physically through religious
guidance based on the Koran. Empirically through guidance and the teachings
of Allah SWT related to mental, spiritual, moral and physical (Lubis, 2016). In
the Koran, healing is explained mental illness, one of the verses of the Koran
that contains The aspect of healing for mental disorders is in the surah Al-Isra'
verse 82 which reads: