The Alphabet & Vowels

The Alphabet is a standard set of letters (basic written symbols) that is used to write one or more lenguages.
Alphabet
A K U
B L V
C M W
D N X
E O Y
F P Z
G Q
H R
I S
J T

Vowels
A
E
I
O
U
The "TH." The "TH" (like in "theater" or "thing") • The "R." • The "L."
 GREETINGS
A greeting is a polite word or sign of welcome or recognition..
Formal Informal Verbos
Vacabulary
Hello! Hi! To live
Welcome! To meet
Good Morning. To greet
Good Afternoon. To see
Good Evening. To be
Goodbye/Goodbye for now. Later To do
Please…
Thank You. Thanks.
Thank you very much. Thanks a lot.
You’re welcome./Don't mention it. Not at all.
I'm sorry
I don’t understand.
Can you repeat, please? What?
Can you speak slower, please?
I don’t understand
Can you repeat that, please? What?
Can you speak slower, please?
See you later! See ya.
Have a nice day! Have a good one.
Same to you. Likewise/ You too.
Excuse Me
 Conversation
Formal Informal
A Hello, how are you?/ How are you doing? What’s happening? / What’s up?
B Hello, I'm very well./ I’m fine, thank you I'm good./I'mok.
B And you?/How about yourself?
A I'm…………………. What is your name?
B My name is…………………….
A Pleased to meet you. / Nice to meet you
B Pleased to meet you too. / Nice to meet you too
A Where are you from?
B I am from the Dominican Republic. Where are you from?
A I'm from the United States.
A Where do you live?
B I live in Cabrera.
A How old are you?
B I am ….… years old.
A What do you do? / What do you do for a living?
B I'm a student./I am a teacher.
A Do you speak Spanish?
B Yes, I do./No, I don't.
B I have to leave now.
A Ok, see you later! See ya
B Have a nice day! Have a good one
A Same to you Likewise/ You too.
 SCHOOL
Objects Others
pencil teacher
pen student
marker math (mathematics)
eraser science
board geography
paper physical education (PE)
book English
notebook history
ruler art
trash can (garbage can, waste basket) Mr. (Mister)
scissors Mrs. (Misses)
stapler Miss
pencil sharpener Ms.
tape Schedule
desk first
table last
chair morning
computer afternoon
clock evening
liquid paper (white-out) night
door lunch
window bell
chalk late
 NOUNS
A noun is a word (other than a pronoun) used to identifypeople, places, animals, things or ideas (naming word). They have no gender, but they have sigular and plural form.
Nouns Plural Nouns mayoría “-s” al final
teacher car elephant camera → camaras
dog party student pen → pens
ball house milk house → houses
table happiness Jason chair → chairs
Plural Nouns “f” o “fe”: la “f” o “fe” por “ves”. "vocal" + “y”: añadimos una “s”.
leaf → leaves boy → boys
wife → wives toy → toys
knife → knives key → keys
life → lives →
Irregular Nouns (Plural does not change) consonante + “y”: la “y” cambia a “i” y añadimos “es”.
fish → fish party → parties
sheep → sheep city → cities
→ company → companies
→ nacionality → nacionalities
Irregular Nouns (Plural changes, no rule to follow) “s”, “ss”, “sh”, “ch”, “x”, “o”: añadimos “es”.
man → men bus → buses
woman → women glass → glasses
child → children brush → brushes
person → people watch → watches
tooth → teeth box → boxes
mouse → mince tomato → tomatoes
 Proper Nouns
Names for people Days/Months Companies & Organizations Contries, Cities, Etc Holidays Nacionalities & Lenguages
John Smith January Starbucks Argentina Easter English
Alex Jones September Fiat France Christmas Japanese
Mary Garcia Monday United Nations New York Thanksgiving French
Mr. Henry Johnson Thursday Barcelona Russian
Ms. Nancy Frank St. Paul
Geographic Names Historic Events Book Titles, Films & Artworks Religions, Deities, Scriptures Title for People Monuments & Buildings
the Pacific Ocean World War II To Kill a Mockingbird (Matar un ruiseñor) Catholicism President Obama the Empire State Building

the North Pole the Industrial Revolution The Godfather (El padrino) God Doctor Norris the Coloseum

the Antarctic Black Friday Gone with the Wind (Lo que el viento se llevó) the Torah the White House
 PERSONAL PRONOUNS
A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.
PRONOUNS
Number Person Gender
Subjebtive Objective Possessive Reflexive
1st M/F I Me Mine Myself
2nd M/F You You Yours Yourself
Singular M He Him His Himself
Personal Pronouns 3rd F She Her Hers Herself
N It It Its Itself
1st M/F We Us Ours Ourselves
Plural 2nd M/F You You Yours Yourselves
3rd M/F/N They Them Theirs Themselves
Relative/Interrogative Pronouns Who Whom Whose
Whoever Whomever
Demostrative Pronouns Which/What/That/This/Thees/Those Which/What/That/This/Thees/Those
Indefinate Pronoun Everybody Everybody Everybody's
They act as subjects Show possession of
they act as objects
something else
Which/what flavor of ice cream do you want? Either is fine,
"Which" is more formal when asking questions that
but "which" is better.
requiere a choice between a number of items. You can
use what. Generally speaking, you can replace "which"
What do you want, ice cream?
with "what" and be ok grammatically. However, it
doesn't work the other way around. There needs to be a Which/what do you want for dessert?
context of choince. "Which" only worksin the context being presented with
choices.
 Examples
Subject She likes homework. Subject

Object The teacher gave me some homework Object

Pronouns Pronouns
Possessive This homework is yours Possessive

Reflexive Mike did the homework himself Reflexive

Possessive Adjetive The teacher corrected our homework Possessive Adjetive

Subject Subject

Object Object
Pronouns Pronouns
Possessive Possessive

Reflexive Reflexive

Possessive Adjetive Possessive Adjetive

Possessive
Adjetive
My
Your
His
Her
Its
Our
Your
Their
 NUMBERS
A Cardinal Number is a number denotating a quantity, how many of something there are, (one, two, three, etc), as opposed to an ordinal number (first, second, third, etc).
Cardinal Numbers
1 one 30 thirty
2 two 40 forty
3 three 50 fifty
4 four 60 sixty
5 five 70 seventy
6 six 80 eighty
7 seven 90 ninety
8 eight 100 a / one hundred
9 nine 101 a / one hundred and one *
10 ten 200 two hundred
11 eleven 1,000 a / one thousand
12 twelve 1,001 a / one thousand and one
13 thirteen one thousand one hundred
1,100
14 fourteen eleven hundred
15 fifteen one thousand eight hundred
1,800
16 sixteen eighteen hundred
17 seventeen 10,000 ten thousand
18 eighteen 100,000 a / one hundred thousand
19 nineteen 1,000,000 a / one million
20 twenty two million five hundred thousand
2,500,000
21 twenty-one * two and a half million
22 twenty-two
* Para formar decenas se añade un guión (-) después de la decenas y el número.
* Para unir las centenas con las decenas se unirán con “and”.
 Examples
102 a/one hundred and two
312 three hundred and twelve
5,010 five thousand and ten
6,279 six thousand two hundred and seventy-nine
2,222 two thousand two hundred and twenty-two
 NUMBERS
An Ordinal Number is a number that tells you the position of something in a list.
Ordinal Numbers
1st First 70th Seventieth
2nd Second 80th Eightieth
3rd Third 90th Ninetieth
4th Fourth 100th A/One hundredth
5th Fifth 101st A/One hundred and first
6th Sixth 200th Two hundredth
7th Seventh 1,000th A/One thousandth
8th Eighth 10,000th Ten thousandth
9th Ninth 100,000th A/One hundred thousandth
10th Tenth 1,000,000th A/One millionth
11th Eleventh
12th Twelfth
13th Thirteenth
14th Fourteenth
15th Fifteenth
16th Sixteenth
17th Seventeenth
18th Eighteenth
19th Nineteenth
20th Twentieth
21st Twenty-first
22nd Twenty-second
30th Thirtieth
40th Fortieth
50th Fiftieth
60th Sixtieth
 Colors
Color is the property possessed by n object of producing different sensations on the eyes as a result of way it reflectgs or emits light.
White

Black

Gray

Blue

Light blue

Dark blue

Red

Pink

Yellow

Orange

Brown

Green

Purple
 Examples
What color is your car?
My car is red.
What color is your house?
My house is yellow.
What color are her eyes?
Her eyes are green.
Is this orange t-shit yours?
That pink dress is hers.
The sky is blue.
The clouds are gray.
I love those black shoes
Red, white,and boom.
 Prepositions
Prepositions are a group of words that are used with a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show direction, location, or time, or to entroduce an object.

In / At / On (are the most common prepositions)

IN (: en, dentro, dentro de)

I live in Brighton.
The cat is in the box.
I found your address in the phone book.
My parents arrive in France on Monday.
We went to Mexico in May.
I always run in the mornings.
I will see my parents in a week.
She was born in 1976.

AT (: en, a, al, cerca de, tocando)

Uso (lugar): Se usa delante de edificios como casas, aeropuertos, universidades (para indicar que estamos dentro), antes de “top” (parte superior), “bottom”
(parte inferior), “the end of” (al final de), para indicar acontecimientos como reuniones, fiestas, conciertos, deportes, etc…, detrás de “arrive” (llegar) cuando
nos referimos a lugares que no sean ciudades o países.

He is at home.
I always visit my sister at work.
We eat at the table.
She will see him at the theatre.
Her name is at the bottom of the page.
When did you arrive at the airport?
Uso (tiempo): Lo utilizamos delante de la hora y de fiestas.
He runs every morning at 6.
I will see them at Christmas.

ON:( sobre, encima de algo, tocando)

Uso (lugar): Se coloca delante de nombres de lugares con base como mesas, suelos, etc…, cuando nos referimos a lugares de una habitación como techo o
pared y para indicar que alguien está dentro de un transporte público o en una planta de un edificio.

The pen is on the table.

They have a photograph of Paris on the wall.
I am on the bus.
Her apartment is on the second floor.
Uso (tiempo): Lo utilizamos con días de la semana, fechas y fiestas.
They went to Mexico on the first of May.
He runs on Mondays and Fridays.
I will see Luis on his birthday

Nota: Las preposiciones siempre están seguidas por un sustantivo, no un verbo (excepto en la forma de gerundio).
 Prepositions of Place
NEXT TO/BESIDE (al lado de, junto a)
Uso: Tanto “next to” como “beside” se pueden utilizar indistintamente. Utilizar una forma u otra dependerá del hablante y del contexto.
Las preposiciones de lugar se colocan detrás del verbo principal, que suele ser el verbo “to be” (estar, ser) en cualquiera de los tiempos pasados, presentes o
futuros y en sus formas tanto simples como compuestas.
The supermarket is next to (beside) the bank.
Sit next to (beside) me.

BY (cerca, al lado de, junto a)

Uso: Se puede utilizar en los mismos contextos que “next to” pero el significado de “by” es más como “cerca” en castellano.
I sit by the window.
Our house is by the river.

BETWEEN ( entre)
The shop is between the bank and the train station.
She is standing between Peter and John.

BEHIND ( detrás de)

The church is behind the school.
He is standing behind you.

OPPOSITE, IN FRONT OF ( contrario, en frente de, opuesto, delante de)

Usos: La diferencia entre estas preposiciones la notamos cuando estamos hablando de personas, “in front of” no implica estar delante y cara a cara, en
cambio “opposite” significa delante y cara a cara.
The hotel is in front of the station.
The bank is opposite the market.
Laura is standing in front of you.
She is sitting opposite me.

UNDER (debajo de)

The ball is under the chair.
The dog is under the tree.
The situation is under control

ABOVE (por encima sin tocar)

The clock is above the table.
All the above are correct.

Nota: La traducción literal puede llevar a confusión cuando la traducimos al castellano, ya que en castellano diríamos: “el reloj está colgado en la pared.” Si
quisiéramos especificar diríamos: “y por debajo en la misma pared está apoyada la mesa.”

BELOW (por debajo sin tocar)

The table is below the clock.
 Prepositions of Time
Las preposiciones de tiempo se utilizan para indicar cuando sucedió algo. Como vimos en la lección anterior, las tres preposiciones más comunes (“in”,
“at”, “on”), pueden ser utilizadas como preposiciones de lugar o preposiciones de tiempo. A continuación se presentan otras preposiciones comunes de
tiempo.
BEFORE (antes, antes de)
Uso: Se coloca detrás de verbos y nombres o sustantivos.
Call me before one. (Llámame antes de la una.)
They arrived before me. (Llegaron antes que yo.)

AFTER (después, después de, tras)

Uso: Se coloca detrás de verbos y nombres o sustantivos.
We will see you after the movie.
I arrived after them.

DURING ( durante)
Uso: Puede ir seguido de verbos y nombres o sustantivos.
Don’t talk during the movie.
I don’t like to watch television during the day.

FOR (durante)
Uso: Se coloca detrás de verbos y nombres o sustantivos. Aunque signifique lo mismo que “during” no tienen exactamente el mismo matiz. Éste se utiliza
para expresar un período de tiempo ya sean días, horas, meses o años.
I lived in England for three years.
He studied for the exam for one week.
 Prepositions of Movement or Direction
Nota: Vamos a aprender más sobre las preposiciones de tiempo en las siguientes lecciones sobre los diversos tiempos verbales

Las preposiciones de movimiento o dirección se utilizan para mostrar movimiento de un lugar a otro. Estas preposiciones se usan con mayor frecuencia con
los verbos de movimiento y se encuentran después del verbo.
TO (a, hacia, dirección a (siempre indica movimiento))
“To” es la preposición de movimiento o dirección más común.
Uso: Se utiliza “to” para mostrar movimiento en una dirección específica.
I go to school by bus.
You walk to work every day.
They came to the wedding.
Sofia flew to Canada.

ACROSS (al otro lado de; de un lado a otro)

Uso: “Across” se utiliza para indicar movimiento hacia el lado opuesto.
The boat will take you across the river.
You must walk across the street at the crosswalk.

ALONG ( a lo largo de)

He’s walking along the path.
The street runs along the seafront.

AROUND ( alrededor de)

You must drive around the city center to reach the cinema.
Let’s go for a walk around the park

DOWN ( abajo)
Uso: “Down” indica movimiento de una posición superior a una posición inferior.
I prefer to ride my bike down the hill.
We are going down to Florida this summer.

INTO (: en, dentro de)

Don’t go into your sister’s room!
We went into the shop on the corner.
 OFF (más distante, más lejano)
Get your feet off the sofa!
We get off the train at the next stop.

ONTO (en, sobre, por encima de, arriba de)

We can get onto the bus here.
The dog got onto the sofa.

OVER (sobre, encima de, arriba de)

The cat jumped over the dog.
You must cross over the bridge.

PAST ( por delante)

Walk past the theater on the right and the bank is on the left.
Go past Main Street and turn left at the next street.

THROUGH (a través de, por)

Uso: “Through” se usa para mostrar movimiento dentro de un espacio cerrado.
You must turn on your lights when passing through the tunnel.
She walks through the park on her way to work.

TOWARD[S] ( hacia, con dirección a)

Who is that woman running towards us?
Walk towards the sea and turn left at the first street.

UP ( hacia arriba)
Uso: “Up” se utiliza para indicar movimiento de una posicion inferior a una posición superior.
I don’t like riding my bike up these hills.
Get up here!
We climbed up the mountain this morning.
 Prepositions
Prepositions are a group of words that are used with a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show direction, location, or time, or to entr

In / At / On (are the most common prepositions)

IN (: en, dentro, dentro de)

I live in Brighton.
The cat is in the box.
I found your address in the phone book.
My parents arrive in France on Monday.
We went to Mexico in May.
I always run in the mornings.
I will see my parents in a week.
She was born in 1976.

AT (: en, a, al, cerca de, tocando)

Uso (lugar): Se usa delante de edificios como casas, aeropuertos, universidades (para indicar que estamos dentro), antes de “top” (parte s
(parte inferior), “the end of” (al final de), para indicar acontecimientos como reuniones, fiestas, conciertos, deportes, etc…, detrás de “ar
nos referimos a lugares que no sean ciudades o países.

He is at home.
I always visit my sister at work.
We eat at the table.
She will see him at the theatre.
Her name is at the bottom of the page.
When did you arrive at the airport?
Uso (tiempo): Lo utilizamos delante de la hora y de fiestas.
He runs every morning at 6.
I will see them at Christmas.

ON:( sobre, encima de algo, tocando)

Uso (lugar): Se coloca delante de nombres de lugares con base como mesas, suelos, etc…, cuando nos referimos a lugares de una habita
pared y para indicar que alguien está dentro de un transporte público o en una planta de un edificio.

The pen is on the table.

They have a photograph of Paris on the wall.
I am on the bus.
Her apartment is on the second floor.
Uso (tiempo): Lo utilizamos con días de la semana, fechas y fiestas.
They went to Mexico on the first of May.
He runs on Mondays and Fridays.
I will see Luis on his birthday

Nota: Las preposiciones siempre están seguidas por un sustantivo, no un verbo (excepto en la forma de gerundio).
 Prepositions of Place
NEXT TO/BESIDE (al lado de, junto a)
Uso: Tanto “next to” como “beside” se pueden utilizar indistintamente. Utilizar una forma u otra dependerá del hablante y del contexto.
Las preposiciones de lugar se colocan detrás del verbo principal, que suele ser el verbo “to be” (estar, ser) en cualquiera de los tiempos
futuros y en sus formas tanto simples como compuestas.
The supermarket is next to (beside) the bank.
Sit next to (beside) me.

BY (cerca, al lado de, junto a)

Uso: Se puede utilizar en los mismos contextos que “next to” pero el significado de “by” es más como “cerca” en castellano.
I sit by the window.
Our house is by the river.

BETWEEN ( entre)
The shop is between the bank and the train station.
She is standing between Peter and John.

BEHIND ( detrás de)

The church is behind the school.
He is standing behind you.

OPPOSITE, IN FRONT OF ( contrario, en frente de, opuesto, delante de)

Usos: La diferencia entre estas preposiciones la notamos cuando estamos hablando de personas, “in front of” no implica estar delante y
cambio “opposite” significa delante y cara a cara.
The hotel is in front of the station.
The bank is opposite the market.
Laura is standing in front of you.
She is sitting opposite me.

UNDER (debajo de)

The ball is under the chair.
The dog is under the tree.
The situation is under control
 ABOVE (por encima sin tocar)
The clock is above the table.
All the above are correct.

Nota: La traducción literal puede llevar a confusión cuando la traducimos al castellano, ya que en castellano diríamos: “el reloj está colg
quisiéramos especificar diríamos: “y por debajo en la misma pared está apoyada la mesa.”

BELOW (por debajo sin tocar)

The table is below the clock.
w direction, location, or time, or to entroduce an object.

sitions)

estamos dentro), antes de “top” (parte superior), “bottom”

nciertos, deportes, etc…, detrás de “arrive” (llegar) cuando

o)
o nos referimos a lugares de una habitación como techo o
o.

rbo (excepto en la forma de gerundio).

o a)
dependerá del hablante y del contexto.
estar, ser) en cualquiera de los tiempos pasados, presentes o

como “cerca” en castellano.

opuesto, delante de)

in front of” no implica estar delante y cara a cara, en
castellano diríamos: “el reloj está colgado en la pared.” Si
 THE VERB TO BE
To show same-time action, use the present tense
Personal Pronoun Indicative/Simple Present Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are

To show earlier action, use simple past tense

Personal Pronoun Indicative/Simple Past Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I was
You were
He was
She was
It was
We were
You were
They were

To show action to come, use simple future tense

Personal Pronoun Indicative/Simple Future Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I will be
You will be
He will be
She will be
It will be
We will be
You will be
They will be

Personal Pronoun Imperative Adjective/Clause/Additional Info

I -
You be
He -
She -
It -
We -
You be
They -
THE VERB TO BE
To show action happening at the time of speaking
Personal Pronoun Present continuous
I am being
You are being
He is being
She is being
It is being
We are being
You are being
They are being

To show action that was happening at the time of speaking

Personal Pronoun Past continuous
I was being
You were being
He was being
She was being
It was being
We were being
You were being
They were being

To show action that will be happening at the time of speaking

Personal Pronoun Future continuous
I will be being
You will be being
He will be being
She will be being
It will be being
We will be being
You will be being
They will be being

The infinitive is formed with the proposition "to".

TO BE

SEE NEGATIVE FUTURE

Se interviene la forma
positiva del verbo "to be" y
se agrega el signo the
interrogacion "?"
 THE VERB TO DO
Este verbo significa “hacer” cuando lo usamos como verbo principal. No hay una traducción directa en español para este verbo cuan
las frases negativas e interrogativas. También se puede usar en frases afirmativas para dar énfasis.

To do
To show same-time action, use the present tense
Personal Pronoun Indicative/Simple Present Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I do
You do
He does
She does
It does
We do
You do
They do

To show earlier action, use simple past tense

Personal Pronoun Indicative/Simple Past Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I did
You did
He did
She did
It did
We did
You did
They did

To show action to come, use simple future tense

Personal Pronoun Indicative/Simple Future Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I will do
You will do
He will do
She will do
It will do
We will do
You will do
They will do

SEE NEGATIVE FUTURE

 Affirmative Negative Contraction
I do I do not I don't
You do You do not You don't
He does He does not He doesn't
She does She does not She doesn't
It does It does not It doesn't
We do We do not We don't
You do You do not You don't
They do They do not They don't
HE VERB TO DO
cta en español para este verbo cuando se usa como verbo auxiliar. Este verbo auxiliar además es necesario para construir

To show action happening at the time of speaking

Personal Pronoun Present continuous Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I am doiing
You are doiing
He is doiing
She is doiing
It is doiing
We are doiing
You are doiing
They are doiing

To show action that was happening at the time of speaking

Personal Pronoun Past continuous Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I was doiing
You were doiing
He was doiing
She was doiing
It was doiing
We were doiing
You were doiing
They were doiing

To show action that will be happening at the time of speaking

Personal Pronoun Future continuous Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I will be doiing
You will be doiing
He will be doiing
She will be doiing
It will be doiing
We will be doiing
You will be doiing
They will be doiing

The infinitive is formed with the proposition "to".

TO DO
Se interviene la forma positiva del verbo "to do" y se
agrega el signo the interrogacion "?"
 Affirmative Interrogative Negative Interrogative
Do I ? Don't I ?
Do you ? Don't you ?
Does he ? Doesn't he ?
Does she ? Doesn't she ?
Does it ? Doesn't it ?
Do we ? Don't we ?
Do you ? Don't you ?
Do they ? Don't they ?
 To have
Este verbo significa “tener” cuando lo usamos como verbo principal y significa “haber” cuando se usa como verbo auxiliar. Aprende
es importante tener en cuenta que se puede usar este verbo en las dos situaciones y es un verbo irregular.

To show same-time action, use the present tense

Personal Pronoun Indicative/Simple Present Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I have
You have
He has
She has
It has
We have
You have
They have

To show earlier action, use simple past tense

Personal Pronoun Indicative/Simple Past Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I had
You had
He had
She had
It had
We had
You had
They had

To show action to come, use simple future tense

Personal Pronoun Indicative/Simple Future Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
I will have
You will have
He will have
She will have
It will have
We will have
You will have
They will have

SEE NEGATIVE FUTURE

Affirmative Negative Contraction

I have I do not have I don't have
You have You do not have You don't have
He has He does not have He doesn't have
She has She does not have She doesn't have
It has It does not have It doesn't have
We have We do not have We don't have
You have You do not have You don't have
They have They do not have They don't have
 To have
usa como verbo auxiliar. Aprenderemos más sobre el uso del verbo “to have” como auxiliar en la lección sobre presente perfecto. Por ahora
ular.

To show action happening at the time of speaking

Personal Pronoun Present continuous
I am having
You are having
He is having
She is having
It is having
We are having
You are having
They are having

To show action that was happening at the time of speaking

Personal Pronoun Past continuous
I was having
You were having
He was having
She was having
It was having
We were having
You were having
They were having

To show action that will be happening at the time of speaking

Personal Pronoun Future continuous
I will be having
You will be having
He will be having
She will be having
It will be having
We will be having
You will be having
They will be having

The infinitive is formed with the proposition "to".

TO HAVE
Se interviene la forma positiva del verbo "to do" y se agrega el
signo the interrogacion "?"
Affirmative Interrogative Negative Interrogative
Do I have ? Don't I have ?
Do you have ? Don't you have ?
Does he have ? Doesn't he have ?
Does she have ? Doesn't she have ?
Does it have ? Doesn't it have ?
Do we have ? Don't we have ?
Do you have ? Don't you have ?
Do they have ? Don't they have ?
auxiliar en la lección sobre presente perfecto. Por ahora

at the time of speaking

Adjective/Clause/Additional Info

ning at the time of speaking

Adjective/Clause/Additional Info

ening at the time of speaking

Adjective/Clause/Additional Info
 Regular Verbs
Infinitive form -s form past
to call greet construct calls called
to clean guess control cleans cleaned
to look harass copy looks looked
to talk hope count talks talked
to end identfy create ends ended
to wait interrupt cry waits waited
to kiss introduce cyrcle kisses kissed
to wash irritate dance washes washed
to live joke deliver lives lived
to love jump damage loves loved
to beg kick destroy begs begged
to sin kill divide sins sinned
to play lie drag plays played
to stay like earn stays stayed
to cry listen employ cries cried
to study marry encourage studies studied
to die measure enjoy dies died
to tie move establish ties tied
to say murder estimate
to cook need obey exercise
to open expand
to close offend explain
to enter offer fry
to exit paint gather
to laugh park hate
to pass pick help
to drink pray
to accept print
to add punish
to afford purchase
to allow push
to agree question
to announce race
to answer relax
appreciate remmeber
ask reply
arrive retire
advise return
admire rub
attempt select
achieve smoke
admit snore
approve stare
argue type
assit use
attack visit
behave wait
boil walk
borrow want
brush warn
bury worry
change yell
challenge
chase
cheat
chew
clap
complain
confess

wake beat get

think become give
teach bend go
take bet grind
stick bid grow
stand bind hang
sit bite hear
sing bleed hide
set blow hit
sell bring hold
see broadcast hurt
say build keep
rise burn kneel
ride cast know
read catch lean
put choose lend
meet cost let
make creep light
lose cut lose
lie deal make
leave draw mean
lead dream meet
keep drive misspell
hide fall overcome
lay feed overdo
go fight overtake
get find overthow
feel flee plead
fall fly put
eat forbit quit
drink forget rid
come forego ring
choose forgive saw
find fprsake see
buy fortell sell
break freeze send
begin shed set
run show sew
sing shoot shake
sit shine smitespeak
sleep shrink
slide shut speed
slit spit spill
smell spoil spread
spring stride tear
steal sweep understand
sting swell uphold
stink swim wear
wed win withdraw
write withstand withhold
yell
past participle -ing form
called calling
cleaned cleaning
looked looking
talked talking
ended ending
waited waiting
kissed kissing
washed washing
lived living
loved loving
begged begging
sinned sinning
played playing
stayed staying
cried crying
studied studying
died dying
tied tying
 THE ARTICLES
An article is a word used to modify a noun, technically an article is an adjective which is any word that modifies a
noun. Usually adjectives modify nouns theough description, but articles are used instead to point out or refer to nouns.

The Definite Article

THE (does not have a gender or a plural form)
The boy The boys
The book The books
The girl The girls
The
The table The tables
Can be preceded by the prepositions "of" or "to"
The days of the week.
I am going to the garden.
What is the name of the restaurant?
The coffee is hot.
He is the teacher.
Can you open the door, please?

The Indefinite Article

A/AN each of these articles is used toi refer to a noun, but the noun being referred to is not a specific person, place,
object or idea. (A is used before nouns beginning with a consonant or “u” or “eu and An is used nouns biginning with
vowels or "h" when this is silent)

A Mercedez from the car lot. An event in history.

A tire on my car. An element from the periodic table.
I have a blue pen. An advertisement on the radio.
A mexican woman. An American woman.
I don’t have a girlfriend. I have an idea.
She is a student. I saw an interesting documentary.
 DATES

Vocabulary Days of the Week

Day Monday
Daily Tuesday
Today Wednesday
Tonight Thursday ZERSDEI
Last night Friday
Yesterday Saturday
Yesterday night Sunday
Tomorrow
Tomorrow night
Week
Weekly
Weekend
Last week
Next week
The days of the week and the months of the year are always
written in capital letter.
 DATES
Vocabulary Months of the Year
Month January
Monthly February
Last month March
Next month April
Year May
yearly June
Last year July
Next year August
Century September
Calendar October
Schedule November
December
The days of the week and the months of the year are always
written in capital letter.
 THE SEASONS
A Season is a division of the year marked by a particular weather pattern and daylight hours, resultimg from the earth's changing position with regard to the sun.

Season Start-End Date Weather Pattern

Spring March 20th-June 20th Vegetation bigins to grow.
Summer June 21st-September 21st Increases to the hottest piont of the year
Fall (Autumn, UK) September 22th-December 20th Starts to cool down again, animal prepare themselves for the upcomingweather
Winter December 21st-March 19th Often brings chill. Some areas mgiht experience snow or ice, while others see only cold rain.

Holidays
Easter
Halloween
Christmas
Christmas eve
New Years's day
New Years's eve
 TIME
There are many ways of telling the time.
Time Written Time Spoken Time Spoken 2 Time Spoken 3
10:15 PM It's ten fifteen. It's fifteen after ten. It's a quarter after (UK past) ten.
7:45 AM It's seven forty-five. It's a fifteen to eight. It's a quarter to eight.
1:20 PM It's one twenty. It's twenty after one.
3:00 AM It's three (o'clock) in the morning. It's three am.
12:00 PM It's twelve o'clock. It's noon.
9:30 PM It's nine thirty. (UK It's half past nine.)
1:58 PM It's one fifty-eight. It's two to two.
12:00 AM It's twelve o'clock. It's midnight
2:57 PM It's two fifty-seven It's three to three.

What time is it?

What's the time?

Nota: En inglés británico se dice “quarter past” o “half past” y en inglés americano “quarter after” o “thirty” (no se
dice “half after”).
accountant actor
architect actress
baseball player astronomer
carpenter author
cashier baker
dentist bus driver
designer chef/cook
doctor cleaner
engineer electrician
lawyer farmer
mail carrier/postman fire fighter/ fireman
mechanic fisherman
nurse gardener
photographer hair dresser
police officer journalist
real estate agent judge
receptionist librarian
reporter lifeguard
salesperson model
scientist painter
secretary pharmacist
server pilot
soldier plumber
tailor politician
taxi driver psychiatrist
teacher surgeon
translator travel agent
waiter veterinarian (vet)
waitress
ankle tobillo
arm brazo hand mano
armpit axila head cabeza
back espalda heart corazón
bone hueso hip cadera
brain cerebro jaw mandíbula
breast seno leg pierna
belly button ombligo lip labio
cheek mejilla mouth boca
chest pecho/torso nose nariz
chin barbilla neck cuello
ear oreja shoulder hombro
elbow codo stomach estómago
eye ojo tooth diente
face cara teeth dientes
foot pie tummy barriga
feet pies wrist muñeca
forehead frente
hair pelo
Basic English lessons Subject
English Alphabet
English Numbers 1 to 100
Fruit and Vegetables pictures
Greetings and introductions
Basic English learning Basic words
Learning colours
Basic shapes
Personal Computer parts
Can - you English lesson
Jobs
Learning clothes
Body parts
Head parts
Computer accessories
Ordinal numbers
Types of food
A - An
 Description of the basic English lesson
Learning the Alphabet with words and images
English lesson learning numbers 1 - 100
Learning the Fruit and vegetables with words and pictures
Learning how to greet someone
Basic English lesson
Learning some basic colours
What shape is it?
Different parts of the computer
How to use the words 'can' and 'you'
Different types of jobs
Learning about clothes for men, women and babies
Arm, leg, knee ext. Learning about body parts
Learning head parts
Things you can use with a computer
Numbers used for ranking thing
Learn about meats, fruit, poultry and vegetables
Basic English - how to use each 'a', 'an'
 OTHER CONTRACTIONS
mother grandmother (grandma) What is
mom grandparents Who is
father grandson When is
dad granddaughter Where is
parents grandchildren How is
husband uncle Here is
wife aunt There is
son cousin That is
daughter nephew
brother niece
sister father-in-law
grandfather (grandpa) mother-in-law
sister-in-law brother-in-law
son-in-law
daughter-in-law
OTHER CONTRACTIONS
What's
Who's
When's
Where's
How's
Here's
There's
That's
bedroom refrigerator
bathroom stove
living room oven
kitchen sink
dining room cabinets
yard bed
swimming pool dresser
sofa toilet
armchair bathtub
TV (television) shower
table curtains
carpet rug
chair lamp