Q2 Typhoon

Ms. Genel R.
Yutuc
BASIC
METEOROLOGY
Weather, weather
lang yan!
What is
METEOROLOGY?
What is METEOROLOGY?
Meteorology is the science

that deals with the study of
the atmosphere, its
phenomena and all processes
particularly those of weather
and climate.
ATMOSPHERE
- delicate life-giving blanket of
air that protects the fragile
earth composed of dry air,
water in its three forms and
aerosols.
Layers of the ATMOSPHERE
-Troposphere: 11-12km, T dec, seat of
weather.
- Stratosphere: 12-50km, T inc, AKA
ozonosphere.
- Mesosphere: 50–85km, T dec to -80
degree Celsius.
- Thermosphere: 85-640+km, T inc. w/
height, beyond 1000 degree Celsius.
Water in the Atmosphere
Water Cycle Process

1. Evaporation & Transpiration –
Liquid to Gas
2. Condensation – Gas to Liquid
Deposition – Gas to Solid
3. Precipitation – Falling process
4. Infiltration – soil penetration
Surface Runoff – water flow
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE over land
Weather and Climate
➢ Weather is the state of
the atmosphere at a
given place and time
with respect to pressure,
temperature, wind,
rainfall, etc.
➢ Climate is the average weather condition of
a place over a long period of time.
Why is it important to understand weather?
AFFECTS HUMAN ACTIVITIES
AFFECTS INDUSTRIES & ECONOMY

Content Standards:
The learners demonstrate understanding of the
formation of the typhoons and their movement within the PAR.
Performance Standards:
The learners should be able to demonstrate precautionary
measures before, during, and after a typhoon, including following
advisories, storm signals, and calls for evacuation given by
government agencies in charge; participate in activities that
lessen the risk brought by typhoons.
Most Essential Learning Competency:
Explain how typhoon develops and how it is affected by
landmasses and bodies of water. S8ESIId-18
You can delete this slide when you’re done editing the presentation.
Module 2
Week 4
UNDERSTANDING
TYPHOONS
Trivia Question:
We hear weathercasters talk about
typhoons, hurricanes and cyclones
– so what’s the difference?
a) Typhoons are bigger than cyclones;
cyclones are bigger than hurricanes.
b) Hurricanes are stronger than typhoons
and cyclones.
c) Hurricanes, typhoons and cyclones occur
in different geographical areas.
The correct answer is C.
Typhoons, cyclones and

hurricanes are the same weather
phenomenon – the difference is the
geographical area where they
occur. They are tropical cyclones
with regionally specific names.
According to the Philippine
Atmospheric, Geophysical, and
Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA), about
20 tropical cyclones enter the
Philippine Area of Responsibility
each year.
What is a Tropical Cyclone?
● Tropical cyclones are warm-core low pressure systems associated
with a spiral inflow of mass at the bottom level and spiral outflow
at the top level.
● They always form over oceans where sea surface

temperature, also air temperatures are greater
than 26°C.
● It is defined as a non-frontal, synoptic-scale

cyclone developing over tropical and sub-tropical
waters at any level and having a definitely
organized circulation.
What is a Tropical Cyclone?
● In the Philippines, tropical cyclones (typhoons) are called
bagyo. The term “bagyo”, a Filipino word meaning typhoon
arose after a 1911 storm in the city of Baguio had a record
rainfall of 46 inches within a 24-hour period.
● In the North Atlantic, Eastern North Pacific and South Pacific

Ocean, they are called "hurricanes". In the bay of Bengal,
Arabian Sea and Western South Indian Ocean, the name is
"cyclonic". In the eastern part of the Southern Indian Ocean,
it is "willy-willy", and in the Western North Pacific Ocean
between 180° and 100°E they are called "typhoons"
Module 2
Week 4
UNDERSTANDING
TYPHOONS
Line of cross
1. The sun
sends 5. Some cooled 7. Thewhole section
incoming air sinks back cyclone rotates
solar radiation down helping because of the
to Earth which to create the Earth’s spin
EYE 4. This air cools as
warms our
oceans it rises, causing
condensation to
occur and clouds
to form
6. Air rushes in
from outside
the cyclone 3. This causes warm MOIST
creating winds air to rise through the air
2. This warms the oceans to a

critical 26°C
500 to
2000km
Tropical
Cyclone
(also known
as a typhoon
or hurricane)
Describe the
satellite image –
what do you
see?
Hurricane Maria, 2017. About 900 miles across.

Complete the diagram below by adding each word from the box into the gaps
Cross section through a tropical cyclone

Low shear
Spiral of fastest Line of cross
winds around the section
Anvil of
Cooler sinking
clouds
air
Spiral bands of
Abou
t12K
M
b Warm upwelling
ands air
Warm Ocean Water
500 to 2000km
Cross section through a tropical cyclone
Low WIND shear
Spiral of fastest Line of cross
winds around the section
Cooler EYE WALL Anvil of
sinking air
EY CUMULONIMBUS
E clouds
Spiral bands of
THUNDERSTORMSAbou
t12K
M
RAIN bands Warm upwelling
air
Warm Ocean Water 26°C+

500 to
2000km
KEY
Sea temperatures go 9
Map of major Tropical above 26°C Average
number of
Cyclones Direction of cyclone cyclones a
movement year
HURRICANES Local basin
name for
tropical
cyclones
NORTH EUROPE Typhoon

AMERICA Haiyan
TROPIC OF
CANCER (23.5°N)
TYPHOON
1 9 2S
AFRICA 2
3 6
HURRICANE
9
EQUATOR S
9 CYCLONES 7 9
TROPIC OF
CAPRICORN
(23.5°S)
TROPICAL CYCLONE
HAZARDS
Updated Tropical Cyclone Classification
Based on the classification of tropical cyclones being used in the warning systems intended for international users
and exchanges among the Typhoon Committee Members (Category 1-4, from Chapter 4, Typhoon Committee
Operational Manual, Meteorological Component, 2015 Ed.)
PAR
(Philippine Area of
Responsibility)
Points Latitude, Longitude
A 5oN, 115oE
B 15oN, 115oE
C 21oN, 120oE
D 25oN, 120oE
E 25oN, 135oE
F 5oN, 135oE
POINTS OF THE PAR

TROPICAL CYCLONE
EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
Tropical Severe Weather

Cyclone Bulletin
Advisory (SWB)
• SWB Alert
• SWB Warning
TROPICAL CYCLONE
Tropical Cyclone Advisory

• When tropical cyclone is still outside of the
Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) and it is
expected to enter the area within the next 3 days.
Weather Advisory
For other severe weather systems: southwest
monsoon, low pressure area (LPA), etc.
TROPICAL CYCLONE
Severe Weather Bulletin (SWB)
SWB Alert
• A tropical cyclone entered or developed
inside the PAR and has an impending threat
the country.
• No tropical cyclone warning signal (TCWS) is
in effect.
TROPICAL CYCLONE
Severe Weather Bulletin (SWB)
SWB Warning
• Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal Number One (TCWS#1)
is already in effect and has a real threat over certain areas
of the country
• When a tropical cyclone is predicted to make landfall or
pass close to the coastline in 24 hrs, SWB will be issued
every 3 hours until the TC has no effect over the coast and
landmass.
Severe Weather Bulletin
(SWB)
New Changes
• TC Information will be provided when

over the WN Pacific Ocean outside PAR.
• TC Advisory over green area.

Tropical Cyclone Warning Signals (TCWS)

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Ms. Genel R.

Meteorology is the science

Water Cycle Process

AFFECTS HUMAN ACTIVITIES

AFFECTS INDUSTRIES & ECONOMY

Typhoons, cyclones and

● They always form over oceans where sea surface

● It is defined as a non-frontal, synoptic-scale

● In the North Atlantic, Eastern North Pacific and South Pacific

2. This warms the oceans to a

Hurricane Maria, 2017. About 900 miles across.

Cross section through a tropical cyclone

Warm Ocean Water 26°C+

NORTH EUROPE Typhoon

POINTS OF THE PAR

Tropical Severe Weather

Tropical Cyclone Advisory

• TC Information will be provided when

• TC Advisory over green area.

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