HR CLASSES

BRANCH: VM
WORKSHEET BASED ON PASSAGES
Class 10 – English

I. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

The choices we make on a daily basis-wearing a seat belt, lifting heavy objects correctly or purposely
staying out of any dangerous situation-can either ensure our safety or bring about potentially harmful
circumstances. You and I need to make a decision that we are going to get our lives in order.
Exercising self-control, self-discipline and establishing boundaries and borders in our lives are some
of the most important things we can do. A life without discipline is one that's filled with carelessness.
We can think it's kind of exciting to live life on the edge. We like the image of "Yeah! That's me! Living
on the edge! Woo-hoo!" It's become a popular way to look at life. But if you see, even highways have
lines, which provide margins for our safety while we're driving. If we go over one side, we'll go into
the ditch. If we cross over the line in the middle, we could get killed. And we like those lines because
they help to keep us safe. Sometimes we don't even realize how lines help to keep us safe.
I'm not proud of this, but for the first 20 years of my life at work, I ignored my limits. I felt horrible,
physically, most of the time. I used to tell myself "I know I have limits and that I've reached them, but
I'm going to ignore them and see if or how long I can get by with it." I ran to doctors, trying to make
myself feel better through pills, vitamins, natural stuff and anything I could get my hands on. Some of
the doctors would tell me, "It's just stress." That just made me mad. I thought stress meant you don't
like what you do or can't handle life, and I love what I do. But I kept pushing myself, travelling, doing
speaking engagements and so on-simply exhausting myself. Finally, I understood I was living an
unsustainable life and needed to make some changes in my outlook and lifestyle.
You and I don't have to be like everyone else or keep up with anyone else. Each of us needs to be
exactly the way we are, and we don't have to apologize for it. We're not all alike and we need to find a
comfort zone in which we can enjoy our lives instead of making ourselves sick with an overload of
stress and pressure.
(a) The reason why living on the edge has become popular, is because of the
a. constant need for something different
b. population being much younger
c. exhausting effort to make changes
d. strong tendency to stay within our limits
(b) Choose the option that best captures the central idea of the passage from the given quotes.
a. It's all about quality of life and finding a happy balance between work and friends. -Philip Green
b. To go beyond is as wrong as to fall short. -Confucius
c. Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance, you must keep moving. -Albert Einstein
d. Balance is not something you find, it's something you create. -Jana Kingsford
© Which of the characteristics are apt about the writer in the following context: I know I have limits
and that I've reached them, but I'm going to ignore them and see if or how long I can get by with it?
(1) negligent (2) indecisive (3) spontaneous (4) reckless (5) purposeless (6) patient
a. 2 and 5 b. 3 and 6 c. 1 and 4 d. 2 and 3
(d) Complete the following from the passage:
Option Related Example in Passage

The importance of discipline and boundaries in

our lives

(e) The writer has used the phrase potentially harmful circumstances in this passage. What does it
refer to?
(f) Give two examples that show the correct use of unsustainable, as used in the passage
1. __________________________
2.___________________________
(g) The author attempts to ________ the readers through this write-up.
a. rebuke b. question
c. offer aid to d. offer advice to
(g) The author uses colloquial words such as yeah and Woo-hoo!. Which of the following is NOT a
colloquial work?
a. hooked b. guy
c. stuff d. stress
II. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
For millions of people in India, river Ganga is the most sacred river. It is considered as mother and
goddess. It is also a lifeline to millions of Indians who live on the banks of its course and depend on it
for their daily needs. River Ganga is the third largest river in the world by the amount of water that
flows through it. It is the longest river in India. The river water of Ganga is used for irrigation,
transportation and fishing. The Gangetic plain formed by river Ganga is one of the most fertile lands
on earth. This is why almost 10% of the world's population lives here and earns its livelihood. The
Ganga, in India, is the most worshipped body of water. The irony here is that in spite of being the most
worshipped river, it is also the dirtiest one. It carries metals thrown out by tanneries, waste produced
by industries and urban waste from different cities. All this has made river Ganga the fifth most
polluted river in the world. Another major reason that adds to the Ganga river pollution is the coal-
based power plants on its banks which burn tons of coal every year and produce a lot of fly ash. This
ash mixed with domestic wastewater is released into the river. This bad situation calls for an urgent
need to make efforts to reduce pollution and revive river Ganga. To achieve these objectives, the
Government of India has started a programme named "Namami Ganga Programme". The main pillars
of this programme are sewage treatment, river surface cleaning, afforestation, river front
development and public awareness. The importance of the success of "Namami Ganga Programme"
can be seen through the following lines: " If Ganga dies, India dies. If Ganga thrives, India thrives. No
Ganga, No India".

(a) Complete the following analogy appropriately, based on your understanding of the passage. We
can say that the situation of Ganga being polluted by those who worship it is comparable with the
tainted politicians who claim to establish the rule of law even because ________.
(b) Fill the blanks with the appropriate option from those given in brackets, based on your
understanding of paragraph 2.
The statement that, almost 10% of the world’s population lives here and earns its livelihood, is a
________ (fact/ opinion) because it is a ________ (subjective judgement/objective detail).
(c) Justify the following, in about 40 words.
If Ganga dies, India dies. If Ganga thrives, India thrives. No Ganga, No India.
(d) Based on the statistics, what was the highest/maximum contribution made by any state to the
cleaning programme? Was it the same for the successive year too?
(e) In the given diagram, identify the years when river Ganga was cleaned the maximum and
minimum.
(f)Select the option that correctly displays the pollutants carried by river Ganga as mentioned in the
passage. (Reference-Paragraph 2)
A. (i), (iii) and (v) B. Only (ii) C. Only (iii) D. (ii) and (v)
(g) Infer one positive and one negative feature of river Ganga as mentioned in the passage. (Answer in
about 40 words)
(h) Choose the ODD one about the Namami Ganga Programme. A. Sewage treatment and river surface
cleaning. B. Afforestation and riverfront development. C. Reduce pollution and revive the river. D. Mass
mobilisation and public awareness
III. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
1. Mountains have always been held in great awe by mankind. They have been a challenge to humans. Those
brave among us have always wanted to conquer them. You see, the more incredible the mountains, the
greater the thrill – a challenge to the bravery of the human race. Climbing mountains is an experience that is
hard to put into words. You are in a beautiful environment and, when you reach the top, you feel incredible.
But you also have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen – people are tired, it gets dark, it’s
harder. So, mountain climbing is undoubtedly one of the most popular adventure sports along with being
challenging and risky for the climber.
2. Without any perceived risk, there can’t be a feeling that any significant challenge has been surmounted.
Fair, but we have to bear in mind that mountaineering is not a sport that can be embraced without
preparation. The enthusiasts must develop in themselves the spirit of adventure, willingness to undertake
hardships and risks, extraordinary powers of perseverance, endurance, and keenness of purpose before
climbing a mountain. They should also know how to handle mountaineering equipment. Then comes the
penance of the rigorous training. This could very well be the lifeline up there. It helps inculcate and hone
survival instincts that allow the climber to negotiate perilous situations. There are numerous institutes in
India and abroad that offer such training.
3. Mountain climbers are unanimous in agreeing that unpredictable weather is what they fear the most.
There may be sunshine one moment and a snowstorm the other. At higher altitudes, snow is a regular
feature, and being decisive about setting up camps or proceeding further is crucial. The icy sheets after ice
storms make walking treacherous, while the powdery snow makes a mountaineer sink deep into the snow.
Up there, where the intention is to embrace Nature’s wonder, one realizes that it cannot be done without
facing its formidable glory. A true mountaineer may challenge the mountain, yet is always respectful to the
powerful forces of nature.
4. Summiting mountains carries its health risks such as oxygen and altitude sickness problems, frostbites,
swelling of hands and feet, fluid collection in the brain or lungs, and exhaustion. Yet, the gratification
mountaineers feel from mastering something so frightening, urges them to undertake these endeavors. We
may think that the mountaineers are fearless, experts say, “Not at all. It’s fear that keeps them so intrigued
with such arduous journeys.” Impulse and brazenness can be deadly foes. In the words of the Indian
mountaineer, Bachendri Pal, “The biggest risk ... is to not to take the risk at all. Remember that.”
(a) Why does the writer say that mountains inspire awe in humans? (Paragraph 1)
A. They present us with opportunities for exciting sports.
B. They evoke the wish in us, to master them.
C. They inspire in us, deeds of valour.
D. They represent peace and calm, to us.
(b) Select the option that corresponds to the following relation below: The more incredible the
mountains-the greater the thrill (Paragraph 1)
A. The higher the stamina-the lower the food intake
B. The more you laugh-the lesser your illness
C. The smaller the car-the bigger the advantage
D. The heavier the luggage-the higher the penalty
(c) Select the option that displays what the writer projects, with reference to the following: So,
mountain climbing is undoubtedly one of the most popular adventure sports (Paragraph 1)
A. doubt B. caution C. conviction D. denial
(d) Complete the following with a phrase from paragraph 1.
Opinion Reason
_____________________ Best experienced rather than described
(e) The writer compares training to penance in the line- Then comes the penance of the rigorous
training. (Paragraph 2)
State 1 point of similarity between training and penance.
(f) Based on your reading of the text, list 2 reasons why the writer says that mountaineering is
not a sport that can be embraced without preparation. (Paragraph 2)
A) ___________ B) ____________
(g) What connect does the writer draw out between unpredictable weather and setting up of
camps? (Paragraph 3)
(h) The writer says, “A true mountaineer may challenge the mountain, yet is always respectful to
the powerful forces of nature.” (Paragraph 3)
Select the reason the mountaineer is respectful to the forces of nature, up in the mountains.
A. survival B. experience C. tradition D. directive
IV. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Papaya is the healthiest fruit with a list of properties that is long and exhaustive. Papaya favors
digestion as well as cures skin irritation and sunburns. You can munch on it as a salad, have it cooked
or boiled or just drink it up as milk shake or juice. The most important of these virtues is the protein-
digesting enzyme in the milky juice. The enzyme is similar to pepsin in its digestive action and is said
to be so powerful that it can digest 200 times its own weight in protein. It assists the body in
assimilating the maximum nutritional value from food to provide energy and body-building materials.
Papain in raw papaya makes up for the deficiency of gastric juice and fights excess of unhealthy
mucus in the stomach, dyspepsia and intestinal irritation. The ripe fruit, if eaten regularly, corrects
habitant constipation, bleeding piles and chronic diarrhea. The juice is used as a cosmetic, removes
freckles or brown spots due to exposure to sunlight and makes the skin smooth and delicate. A paste
of papaya seeds is applied in skin diseases like those caused by ringworm. The black seeds of the
papaya are highly beneficial in the treatment of cirrhosis of the liver caused by malnutrition,
alcoholism, etc. A table spoon of its juice, combined with a hint of fresh lime juice, should be taken
once or twice daily for a month. The fresh juice of raw papaya mixed with honey can be applied over
inflamed tonsils, for diphtheria and other throat disorders. It dissolves the membrane and prevents
infection from spreading. The nutrients in papaya have also been shown to be helpful in the
prevention of colon cancer. Papaya's fiber is able to control cancer-causing toxins in the colon and
keep them away from the healthy colon cells. In addition, papaya's folate, vitamin C, beta-carotene,
and vitamin E have each been associated with a reduced risk of colon cancer. These nutrients provide
 synergistic protection for colon cells from free radical damage to their DNA. Increasing your intake of
these nutrients by enjoying papaya is an especially good idea for individuals at risk of colon cancer.

2.4 g Fiber 1.7 g

10.39 g Sugar 7.82 g
107 mg Potassium 182 mg
5 mg Magnesium 21 mg
4.6 mg Vitamin c 60.9 mg
54 IU Vitamin A 950 IU

a) Complete the following analogy appropriately, based on your understanding of the given passage.
We can say that Papaya as a fruit can be compared to that versatile player who can play the role of
an allrounder in a game, because _________
b) Fill in the blank with the appropriate option from those given in the passage. The statement that,
the juice, used as a cosmetic, removes freckles or brown spots due to exposure to sunlight and
makes the skin smooth and delicate, is a___________(fact/opinion) because it is a___________________
(subjective judgement/ objective detail).
c) Justify the following in about 40 words. Papaya assists the body in assimilating the maximum
nutritional value from food to provide energy and body-building materials.
d) Based on the given data, apple is richer in which two nutrients as compared to papaya?
e) According to the table, papaya has enough Vitamin C, Vitamin A, and many other nutrients. How
can the intake or consumption of these nutrients can help us? (Answer in about 40 words)
f) Select the option that correctly displays what ‘applied’ signifies. (Reference-Paragraph 3 & 4)

A. (i), (iv) and (v) B. Only (ii) C. Only (iii) D. (ii) and (v)
g) Infer one health and one skin benefit of consuming Papaya
h) Which of the following does not represent the usage or value of raw papaya?
A. It can be munched as a salad.
B. Its fresh juice mixed with honey can be applied over inflamed tonsils, for diphtheria and other
throat disorders.
C. It is highly beneficial in the treatment of liver cirrhosis.
D. It makes up for the deficiency of gastric juice and fights excess unhealthy mucus in the stomach
V. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
1. Crows are incredibly aware of their surroundings and have a way of observing humans.
Corvids-a family of birds including crows, magpies, and ravens develop relationship with human
beings. Once corvids accept the friendship, it is expressed by bringing gifts for their human
friends. This, crow lovers say, is a possibility but not a rarity. Some people feed crows as a
meditative practice.
2. Crow behavior varies from family to family and region to region. There are about 50 species of corvids
around the world, and they behave differently from each other. They’re not the only intelligent birds
around, but in general, corvids are smart in a way that resonates deeply with humans, because they're
good at some of the things that we are good at. Crows can think about their own thoughts. Crows can
 recognize individual human faces, associate them with friendliness or danger, and pass that knowledge
along to their pals.
3. Their social system is the most like the Western human civilization of any animal that we know of.
American crows have a family and a space that they defend, but they also have a neighborhood that they
pay attention to. And crows will interact with larger groups of crows that they don't know as well, sort of
the way how humans will engage with their communities beyond their closest relationships.
4. But they're also cautious. Crows have been paying attention to individual people more than perhaps any
other bird. PET scans reveal that when crows viewed human faces that they associated with threat or
care, the birds had increased activity in the amygdala, thalamus and brain stem-areas related to
emotional processing and fear learning. In response to threatening faces, areas that regulate perception,
attention and fleeing also lit up. Similarities to the human brain in this case are most striking.
5. They do have preferences in food. If you put out a pile of different foods, like a little buffet for the
crows, they're all going to kind of home in on something. All one needs are patience and routine. Crows
need to learn you're not a threat, that the food is safe, and that it will be there every day. Crows go viral
for bringing their human friend’s gifts. But the reality of being a friend to corvids reflects a deeper
responsibility.
6. Crow lovers have been encouraging humans to feed crows for decades. But there are ways for this
practice to go wrong and make them a nuisance. Leaving out too much food can lead crows to mob your
neighborhood constantly. Just as the crows talk to each other, human crow friends need to be aware of
how their habits affect their human neighbors.
I. The writer asserts in paragraph 3 that crows are socially responsible birds much like human beings.
Which of the following statements agrees with this assertion?
1. All 50 species of crows behave differently in different social settings.
2. Crows can be friendly with humans.
3. They pay attention to their neighborhood.
4. They interact with larger groups of crows from other areas.
5. American crows have a family and a space that they defend.
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 2 and 5 (c) 3 and 4 (d) 4 and 5
II. What makes the writer compare 'the social system of the crows is closest to the Western human
civilization of any animal known to humans' in the given lines from paragraph 3? Rationalize your
response in about 40 words.
III. Complete the sentence appropriately.
The author's observation that crows have been paying attention to individual people more than
perhaps any other bird is backed by –
IV. The passage includes some words that are either opposites of or similar to each other. From the sets
(a)- (e) below, identify two sets that belong neither to antonyms or synonyms.
(a) neighborhood and family space
(b) patience and routine
(c) threat or care
(d) communities and closest relationships
(e) emotional processing and fear learning
V. The writer says in paragraph 2 that corvids are good at detecting friendship as well as danger - some
of the things that we, humans are also good at but
VI. Based on the reading of the passage, examine, in about 40 words, how does the
author emphasize the most fascinating traits of crows.
VII. Evaluate the options below and pick out the one that is incorrect from the set and
does not correspond to crow behavior.
(a) They can handle vast quantities of food.
(b) Crows are territorial.
(c) They process different emotions just like humans.
(d) Crows are independent thinkers.
VIII. Mention two points to remember while feeding the crows.