Joel M

A STUDY ON WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT AT AMMA
HOSPITAL, PATHANAMTHITTA, KERALA
Project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

OF
BANGALORE CITY UNIVERSITY
BY
JOEL ABRAHAM MATHEW
Reg No : P18FY22M015173
Under the guidance of
DR. BHARATHRAJ SHETTY
Associate professor
SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

2022-2024
DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT
I hereby declare that “A STUDY ON WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT AT AMMA

HOSPITAL, PATHANAMTHITTA, KERALA” is the result of the project work carried
out by me under the guidance of DR. BHARATHRAJ SHETTY in partial fulfillment for the award
of Master’s Degree in Business Administration by Bengaluru City University. I also declare that
this project is the outcome of my own efforts and that it has not been submitted to any other
University or Institute for the award of any other degree or Diploma or Certificate.
Place: Bangalore Name: JOEL ABRAHAM MATHEW

Date: Register Number: P18FY22M015173
GUIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report on “A STUDY ON WASTE DISPOSAL

MANAGEMENT AT AMMA HOSPITAL, PATHANAMTHITTA, KERALA”
submitted by JOEL ABRAHAM MATHEW (REG NO. P18FY22M015173) to Bengaluru
City University, Bangalore for the award of Degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
is a record of work carried out by him under my guidance.
Place: Bangalore Signature

Date:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I consider this as any privileges to express a few words of gratitude and respect to all those
who have guided and inspired me in completing this project.
I extend my sincere thanks to our principal WING CDR. K SRINIVAS RAO (RETD) for
providing a conducive academic environment that facilitated the undertaking of this study.
A special thanks to MR. V MURALI KRISHNA, Head of Department, for their invaluable
guidance and support throughout this journey.
I take this opportunity to express sincere thanks to our DR. BHARATHRAJ SHETTY,
who has provided a good academic climate to undertake this study.
I am deeply grateful to DR. PRIYA P, for their mentorship, expertise, and encouragement
throughout the course of this project. Their insights and advice have been instrumental in
shaping the outcome of this study.
Bengaluru City University for having permitted me to undertake this project and providing
me immense support in successful completion.
Finally, I would like to express my sincere thanks to my parents, friends and faculties who
provided the moral support to complete the project.
JOEL ABRAHAM MATHEW P18FY22M015173

A STUDY ON WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT AT AMMA HOSPITAL, PATHANAMTHITTA, KERALA
INDEX
SL NO. CONTENT PAGE NO.
1 Section 1 - DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY: 9
• Location and spread of the company
• Number of employees
• Divisions of the company
• Main functions of the company
• Customer profile and market share
• Administrative structure
Section 2 - BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS TOOL 16
2 INTRODUCTION 18
3 PROBLEM STATEMENT 22
4 OUTCOMES OF THE IIP 27
5 EXERIENTIAL LEARNING AND CONCLUSION OF THE IIP 32
AND INTELLECTUAL BENEFITS
SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 7|Page

CHAPTER 01 – DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY

Chapter 01
Section 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY:
I. Location and spread of the company
Amma Hospital is a multi-specialty hospital located in Vallikode, Pathanamthitta, in the
southern Indian state of Kerala. The hospital provides a wide range of medical services and is
known for its high-quality healthcare services and compassionate patient care.
The hospital has a team of experienced doctors and medical professionals who are dedicated
to providing personalized and comprehensive medical care to their patients. The hospital has
several departments, including general medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, surgery, orthopedics,
and dermatology.
In addition to its clinical services, Amma Hospital also provides various support services, such
as 24-hour emergency care, pharmacy services, laboratory services, and diagnostic imaging
services. The hospital is equipped with modern medical equipment and technology, and the
staff is trained in the latest medical techniques and procedures.
Amma Hospital is committed to providing affordable and accessible healthcare services to the
local community. The hospital has a patient-centric approach and focuses on delivering high-
quality medical care with a human touch. The hospital also conducts regular health camps and
awareness programs to promote preventive healthcare and educate the community about
various health issues.
The hospital was founded with the aim of providing high-quality healthcare services to the
local community, and has since grown to become a leading healthcare provider in the region.
The hospital is known for its state-of-the-art infrastructure, modern medical equipment, and

experienced medical professionals who provide personalized and compassionate care to their
patients.
The hospital offers a wide range of medical services across various specialties, including
general medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, surgery, orthopedics, and dermatology. The hospital
is equipped with advanced diagnostic and treatment facilities, such as a fully equipped
operation theater, ICU, and emergency department, to provide the best possible care to their
patients.
Amma Hospital is committed to providing affordable and accessible healthcare services to all,
and offers various health packages and discounts to make healthcare more accessible to the
community. The hospital also conducts regular health camps and awareness programs to
promote preventive healthcare and educate the community about various health issues.
In addition to its clinical services, the hospital also offers various support services, such as
pharmacy services, laboratory services, and diagnostic imaging services, to ensure that patients
receive comprehensive and integrated care.
Overall, Amma Hospital is a well-respected healthcare institution in the region and has gained
the trust and confidence of the local community for its quality medical care and compassionate
service.
II. Number of employees
Employees in hospitals play a crucial role in ensuring that patients receive high-quality
healthcare services. Amma Hospital employs approximately 120-150 employees, which is a
large number of people, ranging from doctors and nurses to administrative staff, technicians,
and support staff.
SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 10 | P a g e

Doctors are the most critical employees in hospitals, and they are responsible for diagnosing
illnesses, developing treatment plans, and performing medical procedures. Hospitals employ
specialists in various fields, including cardiology, neurology, oncology, and pediatrics, among
others. Doctors work long hours and are often on call, but their expertise and knowledge are
essential for delivering quality healthcare.
Nurses are also an essential part of the hospital workforce. They are responsible for providing
bedside care, administering medication, and monitoring patients' vital signs. Nurses also play
a vital role in patient education and provide emotional support to patients and their families.
Administrative staff, including receptionists, billing specialists, and medical coders, are
responsible for managing patient records, scheduling appointments, and ensuring that hospital
operations run smoothly. They often serve as the first point of contact for patients and play a
critical role in ensuring that patients feel welcome and receive the care they need.
Technicians and support staff, including laboratory technicians, radiology technicians, and
cleaning staff, provide critical support services that are essential for hospitals to function
effectively. Technicians are responsible for conducting tests and imaging studies, while support
staff ensures that the hospital environment is clean and safe for patients and staff.
Overall, employees in hospitals work together as a team to provide high-quality healthcare
services to patients. Their dedication and commitment to delivering compassionate care are
crucial to the success of any hospital.
III. Consumer profile and Market Share
The hospital provides a wide range of medical services across various specialties, including
general medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, surgery, orthopedics, and dermatology. The hospital

has 110 beds where 60 -80 beds are occupied in average, with around 400 outpatients a day.
Therefore, the customer profile for Amma Hospital may include:
Age range: The hospital caters to patients of all ages, including children, adults, and seniors.
Socio-economic background: The hospital provides affordable and accessible healthcare
services to the local community, which includes individuals from diverse socio-economic
backgrounds.
Medical condition: Amma Hospital provides medical care across various specialties, which
means that patients with different medical conditions may seek treatment at the hospital. For
example, patients with chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and arthritis may
seek treatment at the hospital's general medicine department, while patients requiring surgical
interventions may seek treatment at the hospital's surgery department.
Geographic location: As a local healthcare provider, Amma Hospital primarily serves patients
from Vallikode and surrounding areas. However, patients from other regions may also seek
treatment at the hospital.
Patient preferences: The hospital's patient-centric approach and compassionate care may attract
patients who value personalized attention and a human touch in their medical care.
Health awareness: The hospital conducts regular health camps and awareness programs to
promote preventive healthcare and educate the community about various health issues.
Therefore, patients who value health education and awareness may be more likely to seek
treatment at the hospital.
Overall, the consumer profile of Amma Hospital includes patients of all ages and socio-
economic backgrounds who seek affordable and accessible medical care across various

specialties. Patients who value compassionate care, personalized attention, health education,
and awareness may be more likely to choose Amma Hospital for their medical needs.
Market share:
As a leading healthcare provider in the region, Amma Hospital is likely to have a significant
market share in Vallikode and surrounding areas. The hospital's reputation for providing high-
quality healthcare services, modern medical equipment, and experienced medical professionals
may attract patients from nearby regions as well. The hospital's commitment to providing
affordable and accessible healthcare services may also help it to capture a larger share of the
market, particularly among patients from lower socio-economic backgrounds.
However, the level of competition in the healthcare industry can also impact Amma Hospital's
market share. Other hospitals and healthcare providers in the region may offer similar services
and facilities, which could affect the hospital's ability to attract and retain patients.
Overall, while we cannot provide a specific percentage for Amma Hospital's market share, it
is likely to have a strong presence in the local healthcare market due to its reputation,
affordability, and commitment to providing high-quality medical care.
IV. Administrative structure
The administrative structure of Amma Hospital includes various departments and personnel
who work together to ensure the efficient operation of the hospital. Here is an overview of the
hospital's administrative structure:

Board of
Directors
Chief Executive
Officer
Medical Director
Departmental Heads
Nursing Department
Support Departments
Administrative Staff
Board of Directors: The hospital is governed by a Board of Directors, who are responsible for
setting the hospital's policies and strategic direction.
Chief Executive Officer (CEO): The CEO is responsible for the overall management of the
hospital and ensures that the hospital's operations are aligned with its strategic objectives.
Medical Director: The Medical Director oversees the hospital's medical services and ensures
that the hospital's medical policies and procedures are in line with current best practices.
Departmental Heads: The hospital has various departments, including General Medicine,
Pediatrics, Gynecology, Surgery, Orthopedics, and Dermatology. Each department is led by a
departmental head, who is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the department.

General
Medicine
Dermatology Pediatrics
Departmental
Heads
Orthopedics Gynecology
Surgery
Nursing Department: The hospital's Nursing Department is responsible for the management
and supervision of nursing staff, ensuring that patient care is delivered in a safe, efficient, and
compassionate manner.
Support Departments: The hospital also has several support departments, including
Pharmacy, Laboratory, and Diagnostic Imaging Services. These departments are responsible
for providing support services to the hospital's clinical departments.
Administrative Staff: The hospital has administrative staff who work in various roles, such
as finance, human resources, information technology, and marketing.
Overall, the administrative structure of Amma Hospital is designed to ensure the efficient and
effective delivery of medical care to patients. The hospital's management team, departmental
heads, nursing staff, and support staff work together to create a patient-centric environment
that emphasizes quality medical care and compassionate service.

Section 2 Business Model Canvas Tool
Key Key Activities Value Customer Customer

Resources Propositions Relationships Segments
Medical care
Hospital services High-quality Personalized patient Patients
facilities and Laboratory and medical care care seeking
equipment diagnostic services Compassionate and medical care
Medical services Compassionate empathetic approach across
professionals Emergency care patient care Effective various
with expertise services Affordable and communication and specialties
in various Patient care and accessible transparency Families and
specialties support services healthcare Health education and caregivers of
Support staff Health education services awareness programs patients
(nurses, and awareness Comprehensive Health
administrative programs medical insurance
staff, etc.) services across providers
Medical various Local
equipment and Key Partners specialties Channels communities
supplies State-of-the-art and
IT Medical medical Hospital website and organizations
infrastructure equipment equipment and social media
for medical suppliers and technology Referrals from
records and vendors Personalized primary care
Pharmaceutical and patient- physicians
data
companies centric Marketing and
management
Medical approach advertising
professionals campaigns
(doctors, nurses, Health education and
etc.) awareness programs
Insurance Community
providers engagement and
outreach.
Cost Structure Revenue Streams

Salaries and benefits for medical and support staff Medical care services (consultations,
Medical equipment and supplies procedures, surgeries, etc.)
Maintenance and repair costs for medical equipment Laboratory and diagnostic services
Operational expenses for hospital facilities and Emergency care services
utilities Health packages and preventive
Marketing and advertising expenses healthcare services
Insurance premiums and liabilities Insurance reimbursements
Table 1 showing Business Canvas Model Tool for Amma Hospital

CHAPTER 02 - INTRODUCTION

Chapter 02
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the effective management of healthcare waste has emerged as a critical global
concern due to its potential environmental and public health implications. Hospitals, as
significant generators of biomedical waste, play a pivotal role in ensuring safe and sustainable
waste disposal practices. The management of healthcare waste encompasses the collection,
segregation, transportation, treatment, and disposal of various types of waste generated within
healthcare facilities, including infectious, hazardous, and non-hazardous waste.
Amma Hospital, situated in Pathanamthitta, Kerala, stands as a prominent healthcare institution
serving the medical needs of the local community. As with many healthcare facilities across
the globe, Amma Hospital faces the challenge of managing its waste streams effectively while
adhering to regulatory requirements and environmental standards. Understanding the
intricacies of waste disposal management at Amma Hospital is crucial not only for mitigating
environmental pollution but also for safeguarding the health and well-being of patients,
healthcare workers, and the surrounding community.
The state of Kerala, renowned for its commitment to social welfare and environmental
conservation, provides a fertile ground for investigating waste disposal management practices
within healthcare settings. With its progressive policies and initiatives, Kerala has set a
precedent for sustainable development in India and beyond. Against this backdrop, examining
the waste management practices at Amma Hospital offers valuable insights into the intersection
of healthcare delivery, environmental stewardship, and regulatory compliance in the region.

This thesis aims to explore and analyze the waste disposal management practices employed at
Amma Hospital, Pathanamthitta, Kerala. By conducting a comprehensive examination of the
hospital's waste management infrastructure, policies, and procedures, this study seeks to
identify areas of strength and areas needing improvement in waste disposal practices.
Furthermore, the thesis endeavors to propose recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness
and sustainability of waste management at Amma Hospital, thereby contributing to the broader
discourse on healthcare waste management in Kerala and beyond.
Understanding the complexities of waste disposal management at Amma Hospital requires a
multifaceted approach that considers not only the technical aspects of waste handling and
treatment but also the social, economic, and cultural factors that influence waste management
practices. By engaging with stakeholders at various levels of the healthcare system, including
hospital administrators, healthcare workers, waste management personnel, and community
members, this research aims to uncover the underlying drivers and barriers to effective waste
management at the local level.
Through a multidisciplinary approach encompassing literature review, site observations,
interviews with key stakeholders, and data analysis, this research aims to generate actionable
insights that can inform policy development, institutional practices, and future research
endeavors in the field of healthcare waste management. By shedding light on the complexities
and nuances of waste disposal management at Amma Hospital, this thesis aspires to contribute
to the advancement of sustainable healthcare practices and environmental stewardship in
Kerala and beyond.
Ultimately, the findings of this study have the potential to catalyze positive change within
Amma Hospital and serve as a model for other healthcare facilities seeking to enhance their
waste management practices. By fostering collaboration, innovation, and continuous

improvement, we can work towards a future where healthcare waste is managed responsibly,
ensuring the well-being of both present and future generations.

CHAPTER 03 – PROBLEM STATEMENT

Chapter 03 PROBLEM STATEMENT
PROBLEM:
Despite its reputation for providing high-quality medical care services, Amma Hospital faces
several challenges and problems. One of the primary challenges faced by the hospital is the
increasing demand for healthcare services due to the growing population in the region.
Another challenge faced by the hospital is the need to upgrade and maintain its medical
equipment and infrastructure to ensure that it is equipped with the latest technology and
equipment necessary to provide the best possible care to patients. This can be a significant
financial burden for the hospital.
Additionally, waste disposal management is a major concern for the hospital, as it generates a
considerable amount of medical waste that needs to be disposed of in a safe and
environmentally friendly manner.
Furthermore, the hospital needs to attract and retain qualified and experienced medical
professionals to maintain the quality of its medical services, which can be a challenge in a
highly competitive healthcare industry.
Overall, the problem statement for Amma Hospital is to manage the increasing demand for
healthcare services while maintaining the quality of its medical services, upgrading its
infrastructure and medical equipment, implementing effective waste disposal management, and
attracting and retaining qualified medical professionals.

SOLUTION:
Activities undertaken during internship
During my internship at Amma Hospital, I encountered several challenges, but I also witnessed
the solutions that the hospital had put in place to address them.
One of the challenges I observed was the difficulty in managing patient records efficiently. The
hospital had a large volume of patients, and managing their records manually was time-
consuming and prone to errors. To address this, the hospital had implemented an electronic
medical records system, which streamlined the process of recording and retrieving patient
information.
Another challenge was managing the hospital waste effectively. The hospital generated a
significant amount of hazardous waste, including sharps, expired medications, and chemical
waste, which required proper disposal to prevent environmental pollution and public health
risks. The hospital had implemented a comprehensive waste management system, which
involved segregation of waste at the source, proper storage, transportation, and disposal by
trained professionals, and regular monitoring to ensure compliance with environmental
regulations.
As an intern, I undertook several activities to address the waste disposal management
challenges at Amma Hospital. These activities included:
Waste Audit: I conducted a waste audit to understand the types and quantities of waste
generated at the hospital. This helped to identify areas of waste reduction and improved waste
segregation.
Training and Awareness: I conducted training sessions for hospital staff on proper waste
management practices, including waste segregation, disposal, and handling. I also created

awareness posters and distributed educational materials to ensure that the hospital staff
understood the importance of proper waste disposal.
Waste Segregation: I helped to establish waste segregation bins throughout the hospital,
including in patient rooms, operation theaters, and laboratory areas. I also worked with the
hospital staff to ensure that they were properly segregating waste.
Composting: I initiated a composting project at the hospital to convert organic waste into
compost that could be used for gardening and landscaping purposes. This helped to reduce the
amount of waste going to landfills.
Monitoring and Evaluation: I monitored the waste management practices at the hospital to
ensure that they were being followed correctly. I also evaluated the effectiveness of the waste
management program and made necessary improvements.
Through these activities, I was able to address the waste disposal management challenges at
Amma Hospital and improve the overall waste management practices at the hospital.
Observations during the summer internship
During my internship at Amma Hospital, I had the opportunity to understand the waste
disposal management system in the hospital. I made the following observations:
Segregation of waste: The hospital had a well-defined system for segregating different types
of waste generated in the hospital, including biomedical waste, general waste, and hazardous
waste. This segregation was done at the point of generation, and color-coded bins were used
for different types of waste.

Transportation: The hospital had a designated team responsible for the transportation of waste
to the disposal site. The waste was collected in secure containers and transported in a
dedicated vehicle to the disposal site.
Treatment: The hospital had an on-site treatment facility for biomedical waste, where the
waste was treated using a combination of methods, including autoclaving and shredding. The
treated waste was then sent to the disposal site for final disposal.
Monitoring: The hospital had a monitoring system in place to ensure that the waste disposal
process complied with the regulations and guidelines set by the government. Regular audits
and inspections were conducted to monitor the effectiveness of the waste disposal system.
Training: The hospital provided regular training to its staff on the importance of waste
management, the segregation of waste, and the safe handling of hazardous waste.
Overall, I observed that the hospital had a well-organized waste disposal management system
in place, which effectively managed the different types of waste generated in the hospital
while ensuring compliance with regulations and guidelines.

CHAPTER 04 – OUTCOMES OF THE IIP

Chapter 04 Outcomes of the IIP:
Internship activities
During my internship at Amma Hospital, I was assigned to work on waste disposal
management. The main objective of my internship was to understand the current waste
management system at the hospital and suggest ways to improve it.
The following are the activities I undertook during my internship:
Conducted a comprehensive study of the hospital's waste disposal practices and analyzed the
different types of waste generated in the hospital.
Assisted the hospital staff in segregating the waste into different categories such as biomedical
waste, general waste, hazardous waste, and recyclable waste.
Designed and implemented a waste management plan that included the installation of a waste
segregation system and providing training to the staff for proper waste disposal.
Collaborated with the hospital's maintenance team to identify the areas that needed
improvement in terms of waste management.
Conducted awareness programs for the hospital staff, patients, and visitors to educate them
about the importance of proper waste disposal and its impact on the environment.
The outcome of the above activities was that the hospital staff became more aware of the
importance of proper waste management and started implementing the waste segregation
system effectively. The hospital's maintenance team took the necessary steps to ensure that the
waste was disposed of in a safe and environmentally friendly manner.

Overall, my internship at Amma Hospital provided me with valuable experience in waste
management practices and the importance of proper waste disposal.
Observations
During my internship at Amma Hospital in Vallikode, Pathanamthitta, I had the
opportunity to work on waste disposal management. The hospital generates a significant
amount of waste, including biomedical waste, which needs to be disposed of in a safe and
environmentally friendly manner.
My observations during the internship revealed that the hospital had a well-structured waste
management system in place. However, there were some challenges in the effective
implementation of the system, such as lack of awareness among staff, inadequate training, and
insufficient resources.
To address these challenges, I undertook several activities during the internship. I conducted
training sessions for hospital staff on the importance of proper waste management, segregation
of waste, and the use of appropriate protective gear. I also worked with the hospital
administration to develop a comprehensive waste management plan that included measures to
reduce waste generation, promote recycling, and ensure safe disposal of biomedical waste.
As a result of these activities, I observed significant improvements in the waste management
practices at the hospital. The staff became more aware of the importance of proper waste
management and started following the prescribed procedures for waste segregation and
disposal. The hospital administration also invested in additional resources, such as waste
disposal bins, to support the effective implementation of the waste management plan.
Overall, my internship experience at Amma Hospital was a valuable learning experience. I was
able to develop my skills in waste management and make a positive impact on the hospital's

operations. I believe that the knowledge and experience gained during the internship will be
useful in my future endeavors in the healthcare industry.
Contributions
During my internship, I had the opportunity to contribute to the waste disposal management
system at Amma Hospital. One of the main contributions I made was in developing a waste
segregation plan. I conducted a thorough study of the hospital's waste streams and developed
a plan to segregate the waste at the source, which would help in efficient disposal and reduce
the amount of waste generated. This plan was implemented successfully, and the hospital saw
a significant reduction in the amount of waste generated.
Another contribution I made was in the area of awareness building. I conducted a series of
training sessions for hospital staff on the importance of waste segregation, the hazards of
improper waste disposal, and the role of each employee in the waste management system.
This helped in creating a sense of ownership among the staff and encouraged them to take an
active part in the waste management process.
I also contributed to the development of a waste disposal standard operating procedure (SOP)
for the hospital. The SOP outlined the procedures to be followed for waste segregation,
collection, transportation, and disposal. The SOP was developed after a detailed study of the
hospital's waste streams, and it helped in streamlining the waste management process.
In addition to this, I helped in the implementation of a composting unit at the hospital. The
composting unit was set up to process organic waste generated at the hospital and convert it
into compost, which was used in the hospital's gardens. This initiative helped in reducing the
amount of waste generated and also provided a sustainable solution for the disposal of
organic waste.

Finally, I contributed to the development of a waste audit system for the hospital. The waste
audit system was designed to monitor the hospital's waste streams, identify areas of
improvement, and track the effectiveness of the waste management system. The system
helped in ensuring compliance with the waste management regulations and also provided
valuable data for future planning.
In conclusion, my contributions to the waste disposal management system at Amma Hospital
were significant and helped in creating a more sustainable and efficient waste management
system. The experiential learning gained through this internship has equipped me with the
skills and knowledge required to tackle real-world challenges in waste management. The
experience has also instilled in me a sense of responsibility towards the environment and a
commitment to making a positive impact on society. I am grateful for the opportunity to have
been a part of this initiative and look forward to contributing to similar projects in the future.

CHAPTER 05 – EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING AND CONCLUSION OF THE IIP
AND INTELLECTUAL BENEFITS

Chapter 05 Experiential Learning and Conclusion of the IIP and intellectual benefits.
Experiential Learning
Experiential learning is a powerful approach to acquiring new knowledge and skills, especially
in fields that require practical, hands-on experience. Waste disposal management is one such
field, and during my internship at Amma Hospital, I was able to gain valuable experiential
learning that helped me to understand the challenges and best practices associated with
managing waste in a healthcare setting.
One of the key intellectual benefits of my internship was the opportunity to apply the theoretical
knowledge I had learned in the classroom to real-world situations. By working alongside
experienced waste management professionals at the hospital, I was able to gain a deep
understanding of the complexities involved in safely and effectively disposing of various types
of waste.
Another significant benefit of my experiential learning was the ability to identify and address
gaps in my own knowledge and skills. For example, I quickly realized that my understanding
of waste disposal regulations was limited, and I was able to use my internship as an opportunity
to research and learn more about the legal requirements and best practices for healthcare waste
management.
Working at Amma Hospital also gave me a chance to develop my problem-solving skills.
Waste disposal management is a complex and multifaceted task, and I quickly learned that
there is no one-size-fits-all solution. Instead, I had to approach each situation with a critical
eye and work with the team to develop creative solutions that balanced safety, efficiency, and
cost-effectiveness.
Another benefit of my experiential learning was the opportunity to work in a collaborative,
team-based environment. Waste disposal management requires input from a variety of

stakeholders, including healthcare providers, waste management professionals, and regulatory
agencies. By working closely with these different groups, I was able to gain a deep
understanding of how they each contribute to the overall waste disposal process.
Finally, my internship at Amma Hospital gave me a valuable opportunity to develop my
communication skills. Waste disposal management requires clear and effective communication
among all stakeholders, and I had to learn how to convey complex information in a way that
was understandable and actionable. This skill has proven invaluable in my career, as effective
communication is essential to success in any field.
Conclusion
As an intern at Amma Hospital, I had the opportunity to learn about waste disposal
management in healthcare facilities. Through this internship, I was able to observe and
understand the challenges faced by the hospital in managing its waste effectively. The hospital
generated a considerable amount of hazardous waste, including infectious waste,
pharmaceutical waste, and chemical waste. I learned about the risks associated with poor waste
management, such as the spread of infections and environmental pollution.
To address these challenges, I assisted the hospital staff in implementing various waste disposal
strategies. This included segregating waste into different categories, such as infectious waste,
non-infectious waste, and recyclable waste, and disposing of them accordingly. I also helped
in the proper labeling of waste containers and training hospital staff on the best practices for
waste disposal. By doing so, we were able to ensure that waste was disposed of safely and in
compliance with local regulations.
Through this internship, I gained hands-on experience in waste disposal management and the
importance of following proper waste management practices. I also learned about the role of

hospitals in promoting environmental sustainability and public health. The internship provided
me with an opportunity to apply the theoretical knowledge I had gained in my studies to real-
world situations. I was able to see the direct impact of our efforts in keeping the hospital
environment clean and safe.
In conclusion, the internship at Amma Hospital was a valuable learning experience for me. It
provided me with the opportunity to develop my knowledge and skills in waste disposal
management. I also gained insight into the challenges faced by healthcare facilities in managing
waste and the importance of proper waste management practices. Overall, the internship gave
me a deeper understanding of the role of hospitals in promoting public health and
environmental sustainability.
Intellectual Benefits
The internship experience at Amma Hospital for waste disposal management provided
me with several intellectual benefits. Firstly, I was able to develop an in-depth understanding
of the challenges faced by hospitals in managing waste disposal effectively. Through my
interactions with the hospital staff, I learned about the various processes involved in
segregating and disposing of biomedical waste. This helped me to gain a broader perspective
on the issue and think critically about potential solutions.
Secondly, I gained valuable insights into the legal and regulatory frameworks governing waste
disposal in healthcare settings. This was particularly important for understanding the legal
obligations and responsibilities of hospitals in managing their waste effectively. It also enabled
me to identify potential gaps in the existing regulatory frameworks and suggest ways in which
they could be improved.

Thirdly, I was able to develop my research and analytical skills through conducting a literature
review on waste disposal management in healthcare settings. This involved critically
evaluating and synthesizing information from a range of sources, including academic journals,
government reports, and industry publications. It also helped me to identify best practices and
emerging trends in waste disposal management, which I was able to apply to my work at Amma
Hospital.
Fourthly, the internship experience enabled me to enhance my communication and
interpersonal skills. This was particularly important in the context of working with hospital
staff, who came from diverse backgrounds and had varying levels of expertise in waste disposal
management. Through my interactions with them, I was able to develop effective
communication strategies and build strong working relationships.
Finally, the internship provided me with an opportunity to apply my theoretical knowledge to
real-world problems. This was an invaluable experience, as it allowed me to see firsthand the
practical implications of waste disposal management in a healthcare setting. It also enabled me
to develop a more nuanced understanding of the complexities involved in addressing the issue,
and to appreciate the importance of taking a collaborative and multi-disciplinary approach to
finding solutions.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
JOURNALS
• "Hospital waste management in developing countries: A mini review" by V. Jain and
S. S. Shah in Waste Management & Research (2018).
• "Integrated solid waste management in hospitals: A Malaysian case study" by S. A.
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WEBSITE
• https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/health-care-waste
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.09.001
• https://cpcb.nic.in/
• https://kspcb.kerala.gov.in/

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A STUDY ON WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT AT AMMA

HOSPITAL, PATHANAMTHITTA, KERALA

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

I hereby declare that “A STUDY ON WASTE DISPOSAL MANAGEMENT AT AMMA

Place: Bangalore Name: JOEL ABRAHAM MATHEW

This is to certify that the project report on “A STUDY ON WASTE DISPOSAL

Place: Bangalore Signature

JOEL ABRAHAM MATHEW P18FY22M015173

SL NO. CONTENT PAGE NO.

1 Section 1 - DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY: 9

• Location and spread of the company

• Divisions of the company

• Main functions of the company

• Customer profile and market share

Section 2 - BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS TOOL 16

4 OUTCOMES OF THE IIP 27

5 EXERIENTIAL LEARNING AND CONCLUSION OF THE IIP 32

AND INTELLECTUAL BENEFITS

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 7|Page

CHAPTER 01 – DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 8|Page

Section 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY:

I. Location and spread of the company

Amma Hospital is a multi-specialty hospital located in Vallikode, Pathanamthitta, in the

several departments, including general medicine, pediatrics, gynecology, surgery, orthopedics,

staff is trained in the latest medical techniques and procedures.

various health issues.

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 9|Page

receive comprehensive and integrated care.

II. Number of employees

healthcare services. Amma Hospital employs approximately 120-150 employees, which is a

and support staff.

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 10 | P a g e

essential for delivering quality healthcare.

Overall, employees in hospitals work together as a team to provide high-quality healthcare

crucial to the success of any hospital.

III. Consumer profile and Market Share

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 11 | P a g e

Therefore, the customer profile for Amma Hospital may include:

Socio-economic background: The hospital provides affordable and accessible healthcare

interventions may seek treatment at the hospital's surgery department.

treatment at the hospital.

treatment at the hospital.

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 12 | P a g e

market, particularly among patients from lower socio-economic backgrounds.

affordability, and commitment to providing high-quality medical care.

IV. Administrative structure

hospital's administrative structure:

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 13 | P a g e

setting the hospital's policies and strategic direction.

Pediatrics, Gynecology, Surgery, Orthopedics, and Dermatology. Each department is led by a

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 14 | P a g e

for providing support services to the hospital's clinical departments.

as finance, human resources, information technology, and marketing.

that emphasizes quality medical care and compassionate service.

SAMBHRAM ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 15 | P a g e

Section 2 Business Model Canvas Tool

Key Key Activities Value Customer Customer