Chapter 1 - Introduction To Rotary Drilling
Chapter 1 - Introduction To Rotary Drilling
Chapter 1 - Introduction To Rotary Drilling
PETROVIETNAM UNIVERSITY
DRILLING ENGINEERING
CHAPTER 1
Introduction to Rotary Drilling
1. Foreword.
2. History of Drilling.
3. The Drilling Team.
4. Drilling Rigs.
5. Drilling Rig Systems.
6. Marine Drilling.
7. Drilling Cost Analysis.
Engineering:
ü Engineering is the science of machines. It is primarily
connected with analysis of mechanisms involved, design,
construction, operation and maintenance of the machines.
Technology:
ü It is basically the science of Methods . When methods are
standardized we call them Techniques. When techniques
are used for commercial purpose, we call them
Technologies.
Seismic Survey
Mud Logging
(Lithological and textural description of formation from drill
cutting, hydrocarbon shows)
Coring
(Lithological and textural description from massive sample. Samples
used for lab analysis – porosity, permeability, capillary pressure etc.)
Well Logging
(Electrical, Radioactive and Sonic tools provide quantitative
assessment of fluid types and distribution)
Well Testing
(Following the well allows large representative samples of the reservoir
fluid to be recovered. Pressure response of reservoir allows extent,
producibility and drive mechanisms of the reservoir to be evaluated.)
Figure 1.2 – Drilling operations in the Chinook Field, Gulf of Mexico, Alaska and
Brazil’s Amazon jungle
Dr. Nguyen Van Hung Chapter 1: Introduction to Rotary Drilling
13
3. THE DRILLING TEAM
Drilling Manager
Technical
Driller
Discharge
Line
Mud
Tank
Suction Kelly
Line
Drill
Pipe
Degasser
Mud
Pump
Desilter
Drill Bit
q Special rigs that are built in a way that rig pieces, when
disassembled, will never exceed a certain weight, allowing
transportation by helicopter.
Figure 1.6- Rig with cantilever derrick Figure 1.7- Mobile Rig with portable mast
* Bottom-supported :
Drilling barges are widely used in areas such as
the Gulf of Mexico and the Niger basin marsh
areas, and in coastal waters immediately adjacent
to land areas.
* Bottom-supported:
-Fixed platforms (Fig. 1.15) are usually
of jacket-type construction and are
supported by piling. Normally, fixed
platforms are used for development of
fields in water depths up to 1,500 ft (460
m).
* Bottom-supported:
• Flatform: The rig is self-contained and carries all drilling
equipment, materials, life-support systems, and crew
quarters.
* Floating rigs :
a) Semisubmersible:
• Semisubmersible rigs generally are not
self-propelled.
Ø Spar platform:
The spar platform concept comprises a huge cylindrical steel hull
that supports both the drilling operations and production facilities.
Compartments on the upper portion of the cylinder provide
buoyancy, while water-filled tanks on the bottom give weight and
stability. The hull is attached to the seafloor by catenary mooring
systems.
Not shown:
Spar
4. DRILLING RIGS
Offshore Drilling Rigs
4. DRILLING RIGS
All rights reserved © 2008 PETEX® (Petroleum Extension Service), The University
of Texas
Q= ṁf H
ηsp :power efficiency
ṁf : fuel consumption
η sp = Psp / Q H: heating value
Q: internal-combustion engines
Drawworks
Cathead
Winch/tugger
Hook
Drum Break
Load Indicator
Fd
Derrick
Leg
Tf
Td
Dead
Fast Line
Tf
Line
W W W W W W
Ff n n n n n n
Fs
Draw
Works Anchor
whl C
D
A
B
W
drawworks
anchor
Figure 2.12 Derrick/mast of the hoisting system.
Shale shaker
Desilter
+Mud pits:
A series of open tanks, usually made
of steel plates, through which the drilling
mud is cycled to allow sand and
sediments to settle out. Additives are
mixed with the mud in the pit, and the
fluid is temporarily stored there before
being pumped back into the well. Mud
pit compartments are also called shaker
pits, settling pits, and suction pits,
depending on their main purpose.
+ Standpipe :
ü A vertical pipe rising along the
side of the derrick or mast.
ü It joins the discharge line leading
from the mud pump to the rotary
hose and through which mud is
pumped going into the hole.
All rights reserved © 2008 PETEX® (Petroleum All rights reserved © 2008 PETEX® (Petroleum
Extension Service), The University of Texas Extension Service), The University of Texas
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nj3rd3iGLLE
Figure 1.32- Surface/Land BOP Stack Figure 1.33- Subsea BOP Stack
Then, the BOP’s blind ram also is closed, keeping the well shut.
Drillstring
Spiral DC’s
Drillpipe on rack Hardbanding
DP vs DC
Box & pin end
Drillstring Handling
Elevators
Slips
Courtesy Devereux/Pennwell
DP vs DC
Courtesy Devereux/Pennwell
All rights reserved © 2008 PETEX® (Petroleum Extension Service), The University of Texas
Courtesy TESCO
Sequence
(RIH)
All rights reserved © 2008 PETEX® (Petroleum Extension Service), The University of Texas
6. MARINE DRILLING
Types of rigs: Unconventional
• Coil Tubing
• Casing while
drilling
Question 1
Question 1
Question 2
Question 2
Question 3
Question 3
Question 4
Question 4
Question 5
Question 5
Question 6
Question 6
Question 7
Question 7
Question 8
Question 8
CASING
PERFORATIONS
- Tubing
Tubing
PERFORATIONS
- Packer
Packer
PERFORATIONS
PERFORATIONS
Blast - Joint
PERFORATIONS -
2
No-Go Landing Nipple
(LN)
PERFORATIONS - 1
RESERVOIR
“NO-GO” NIPPLE
RESERVOIR
RESERVOIR (2)
SSD
RESERVOIR (1)
v Key Features
§ Independent production
through dual tubing strings
§ Blast joint protection across
upper interval
§ Both packers retrievable
§ Thru-tubing perforation of
lower zone possible
Landing Nipple
Pup Joint
Packer
Cross Over
Landing Nipple
Perforated Joint
No-Go, hang-off press gauge
Pup Joint
Wireline Re-entry Guide
v Key Features
§ Several zones produced
through one tubing string
§ Flow controlled by wireline
retrievable separation tool
§ Up to five zones have been
produced using this method
End