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    Fnins 17 1302505

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    Fnins 17 1302505

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    Khumaira Santa
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    Fnins 17 1302505

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    of 2

    TYPE Editorial

    PUBLISHED 12 December 2023


    DOI 10.3389/fnins.2023.1302505

    Editorial: New theories, models,


    OPEN ACCESS and AI methods of brain
    dynamics, brain decoding and
    EDITED AND REVIEWED BY
    Jürgen Dammers,
    Institute of Neuroscience and
    Medicine, Germany

    *CORRESPONDENCE
    neuromodulation
    Yuzhu Guo
    [email protected]

    RECEIVED 26 September 2023


    Yuzhu Guo1,2*, Yang Li1 , Hua-Liang Wei3 and Yifan Zhao4
    ACCEPTED 04 December 2023 1
    School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 2 BAIoT
    PUBLISHED 12 December 2023
    Brain-Computer Intelligence Joint Laboratory, Beijing, China, 3 Department of Automatic Control and
    CITATION System Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, 4 Centre for Life-Cycle
    Guo Y, Li Y, Wei H-L and Zhao Y (2023) Engineering and Management, Cranfield University, Cranfield, United Kingdom
    Editorial: New theories, models, and AI
    methods of brain dynamics, brain decoding and
    neuromodulation. Front. Neurosci. 17:1302505. KEYWORDS
    doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1302505
    brain dynamics, brain connectivity, neuromodulation, brain decoding, neural coupling
    COPYRIGHT
    © 2023 Guo, Li, Wei and Zhao. This is an
    open-access article distributed under the terms
    of the Creative Commons Attribution License
    (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction
    in other forums is permitted, provided the Editorial on the Research Topic
    original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) New theories, models, and AI methods of brain dynamics, brain decoding
    are credited and that the original publication in
    this journal is cited, in accordance with
    and neuromodulation
    accepted academic practice. No use,
    distribution or reproduction is permitted which
    does not comply with these terms.
    The human brain is highly dynamic and complex, supporting a remarkable range of
    functions by dynamically integrating and coordinating different brain regions and networks
    across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Research on the human brain has become
    truly interdisciplinary involving medicine, neurobiology, engineering, and related fields. A
    thorough understanding of the mechanisms of neuromodulation actions is urgently needed
    for stimulation parameters optimization, response prediction, and consistent therapy. This
    Research Topic aims to combine top-down and bottom-up methods to produce robust
    results that allow for a meaningful interpretation in terms of the underlying brain dynamics
    with an emphasis on brain decoding and neuromodulation.
    Since the nonlinear, non-stationary, and complex couplings in brain activity, extremely
    rich information, including temporal, spatial, frequency, phase, and connectivity features,
    is embedded in every single measurement (Cao et al., 2022). Many methods are dedicated
    to extracting specific features from the measurement. Even though more and more end-
    to-end deep models have been utilized for brain activity decoding, including convolutional
    neural networks, graphical neural networks, attention models, capsule networks, generative
    models, and so on, revealing the underlying mechanisms is essential for clinical practices (Li
    et al., 2023), especially, neuromodulation. Hence, an important alternative is to study these
    features as a whole and study the complex couplings among a wide range of brain activity (Li
    et al., 2022).
    The collection of articles in this Research Topic showcases the diversity of theoretical
    and empirical developments across a wide spectrum of brain dynamics research into
    complex couplings. Although this Research Topic only accepts four articles following
    the review process, it still covers a surprisingly wide range of approaches. Liu et al.
    studied the cross-domain data augmentation and showed that combining spatial-
    temporal features can improve the richness of generated data and contribute to the
    identification of brain disorders; Kim et al. focused on the cross-frequency couplings
    (CFC) and the CFC- transcranial alternating current stimulation (CFC-tACS) was used to
    improve working memory performance and resulted in a significantly reduced response
    time; de Freitas Zanona et al. studied inter-stimulus coupling and showed that the
    somatosensory cortex (S1) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and sensory
    stimulation (SS) alone or in combination the S1 excitability was changed, but only

    Frontiers in Neuroscience 01 frontiersin.org


    Guo et al. 10.3389/fnins.2023.1302505

    their combination increased primary motor cortex (M1) was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (grant
    excitability; Guo et al. revealed the connections between retinal number 2023YFC2506600).
    microvascular changes and NMOSD.
    In summary, this Research Topic highlights multiple methods
    for capturing brain dynamics and coupling analysis with high Conflict of interest
    potential in a wide range of applications, such as brain disorder
    identification (Liu et al.), improvement of working memory The authors declare that the research was conducted in the
    (Kim et al.), treatment of stroke (de Freitas Zanona et al.) and absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be
    biomarker discovery (Guo et al.), and so on. The brain dynamics construed as a potential conflict of interest.
    and coupling analyses, especially, have far-reaching implications The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board
    on neuromodulation. member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact
    on the peer review process and the final decision.

    Author contributions
    YG: Writing—original draft. YL: Writing—review & editing. Publisher’s note
    H-LW: Writing—review & editing. YZ: Writing—review & editing.
    All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the
    authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated
    Funding organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the
    reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or
    The author(s) declare financial support was received for the claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or
    research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work endorsed by the publisher.

    References
    Cao, J., Zhao, Y., Shan, X., Wei, H.-L., Guo, Y., Chen, L., et al. Brain functional decomposition. Mathematics. (2022) 10:4406. doi: 10.3390/math1023
    and effective connectivity based on electroencephalography recordings: a review. Hum 4406
    Brain Mapp. (2022) 43, 860–79. doi: 10.1002/hbm.25683
    Li, Z., Chen, W., Zeng, X., Ni, J., Guo, Y., Zhang, H., et al. Dynamic functional
    Li, L., Luo, J., Li, Y., Zhang, L., and Guo, Y. Phase connectivity assesses the progression of Parkinson’s disease. Innovat Med. (2023)
    analysis of event-related potentials based on dynamic mode 1:100027. doi: 10.59717/j.xinn-med.2023.100027

    Frontiers in Neuroscience 02 frontiersin.org

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