Describe A Process-First Lessons

Describe a process
Step 1: writing introduction
- (Cách 1)The pictures illustrate how (tea is produced)

- (cách 2)The pictures show the steps involved in (making tea)
- (cách 3)The diagram highlights the process by which (tea is produced)
- Overview: Overall/generally speaking, there are a total of (18) steps, starting
from...and ending with.....
- Overview: It can be quickly generalized that the proccess is divided into (two)
separate stages inclusive of....and.....
Step 2: linking stages
- First stage: (bước 1)

o The process commences with
o The first stage is
o Initially
o Eg: The process commences with sowing tea seeds by the farmer in
India and China = the first stage is when tea seeds are sown in india
and China.
- Next stage (bước kế tiếp)
o Once the previous step has been completed, ………………………
o Having (taken to the supermarket), tea boxes are then sold to
customers
o After picking the tea buds, the tea farmer then spread them on a rack
for drying
o After the picking stage, tea leaves are then spread on a rack for drying
o Next, subsequently, after that/ following this
- The final step (bước cuối)
o Once all the steps have been completed, ….
o The final stage is that
o Having accomplished all the previous steps, ……
Step 3: add extra information (mục đích của các bước)
- In order to (nhằm)
- So that (để)
- In an effort to (nhằm)
- In an attempt to
- Which
- Where
- When
Eg: tea buds are spread on a rack and put in the sunshine in order to be dried
Firstly tea seeds are sown in soil. Then, the sun shines, which causes the
seeds to grow into tea plants
Firstly tea seeds are sown in the soil. Then, the sun shines, causing the seeds
to grow into tea plants
Tea boxes are then transported to the supermarket where they are then sold
to customers
The diagram illustrates how black tea is produced via two different methods.
Overall there are a total of five steps from picking tea leaves to drying tea
products in oven.
The process commences with the picking of only tea bud and two top leaves
by the farmer so as to ensure the best quality of tea products. Once this step
has been accomplished, the collected leaves and buds are spread out on a
rack where air is allowed to pass through to make them wither by removing
60% of moisture.
In the subsequent step, two separate methods are adopted to produce two
kinds of tea. While the traditional one is to make loose tea by rolling flat and
breaking up tea leaves, resulting in enzymes to be released, the modern one
is taken to manufacture tea bag. This method involves cutting, tearing and
curling leaves in an attempt to create granular pieces.
In both methods, the following stage is oxidation and fermentation by

spreading rolled leaves on tiles or cement to allow enzymes to mix with air to
colorize leaves into copper.
Once all the previous steps have been completed, oxidized and fermented
leaves are then dried in oven or by hot air dryers, forcing flavor and aroma to
be produced and removing up to 97% of moisture.
Introduction
- ....Illustrate the process by which ......is manufactured/made......(cách 1)

- ....describe the steps involved in the manufacture of/the production of....
(cách 2)
- Overall: there are a total of ...steps from.....to........
Details
- Step 1/stage 1
o trucks transport flour to silos of storage (cylindical in shape)
o different amounts of flour ....deliver....to...mixer
- Step 2
o Water/oil ...added to the flour -> a mixture
- Step 3
o ......Flattened into dough sheets ..by rollers
- Step 4
o ....cut into dough strips
- Step 5
o ...converted into noodles discs
- Step 6
o ...dipped into cooking oil -> dried
- Step 7
o ...loaded into plastic cups
o Added with vegetables and spices
- Step 8
o ...labelled and sealed
o Distributed to outlets for selling to consumers
Connecting phrases (từ nối)
- Bước 1
o The first step commences with........./ The first step step starts
when..........
- Bước kế tiếp
o Following this, ............
o The subsequent stage is .........
o After the....step, ...............(After the mixing step, flour is then.........)
o When the previous steps have been completed, ...........
o Following the completion of the preceding steps, ...........
- Bước cuối cùng
o When all the preceding steps have been accomplished, ....
Lưu ý khi viết quy trình
- Nếu như quy trình do con người thực hiện (dùng động từ dạng bị động)
- Nếu quy trình diễn ra trong tự nhiên không do con người tác động (dùng
động từ dạng chủ động)
- Khi viết quy trình, chúng ta bắt buộc phải đùng thì hiện tại (hiện tại đơn và
hiện tại hoàn thành), không dùng thì quá khứ hoặc tương lai
- Ví dụ: Having been flattened out into dough sheets, they are then converted
into dough strips by the automatic cutter.

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Describe A Process-First Lessons

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Describe a process

Step 1: writing introduction

- (Cách 1)The pictures illustrate how (tea is produced)

Step 2: linking stages

- First stage: (bước 1)

Step 3: add extra information (mục đích của các bước)

In both methods, the following stage is oxidation and fermentation by

- ....Illustrate the process by which ......is manufactured/made......(cách 1)

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