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    Symmetry

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    David James B. Ignacio
    The document discusses symmetry in textiles and fabrics. It defines different types of symmetries and symmetry groups. It then analyzes the symmetry of patterns from different ethnic groups in the Philippines.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Symmetry

    Uploaded by

    David James B. Ignacio
    11 views2 pages
    The document discusses symmetry in textiles and fabrics. It defines different types of symmetries and symmetry groups. It then analyzes the symmetry of patterns from different ethnic groups in the Philippines.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    The document discusses symmetry in textiles and fabrics. It defines different types of symmetries and symmetry groups. It then analyzes the symmetry of patterns from different ethnic groups in the Philippines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11 views2 pages

    Symmetry

    Uploaded by

    David James B. Ignacio
    The document discusses symmetry in textiles and fabrics. It defines different types of symmetries and symmetry groups. It then analyzes the symmetry of patterns from different ethnic groups in the Philippines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 2

    Symmetry is an underlying mathematical principle for the analysis of a

    repeated pattern in a textile or fabric.

    A symmetry is an isometry which sends a pattern to itself.

    Isometries are geometric transformations that keep the distance between


    points unchanged or invariant.

    • Four types of isometries in the plane:


    1. A translation moves every point of the plane through a fixed
    distance in a particular direction specified by a given vector.
    2. A reflection moves every point of the plane to its mirror image
    about a fixed line called an axis of reflection.
    3. A rotation, on the other hand, moves every point of the plane
    through a fixed angle about a fixed point called the center of
    rotation.
    4. A glide reflection is a combination of a translation and a
    reflection, defined by specifying a reflection axis and a
    translation vector parallel to the axis of reflection.

    • Three classes of symmetrical patterns;


    1. A finite pattern, is a repeated pattern that does not admit any
    translational symmetries. There are two types of finite
    symmetrical patterns. One that admits only rotational
    symmetries or one that has both rotation and reflectional
    symmetries.
    2. Frieze patterns, are patterns along a strip that have
    translational symmetries in one. Frieze patterns are usually
    found in the borders of a cloth.
    3. Plane crystallographic patterns or planar patterns are
    repeated patterns that have translational symmetries in two
    directions.

    The set consisting of all symmetries of a


    finite pattern, frieze pattern or a plane
    crystallographic pattern, form an
    algebraic structure called a group under
    the operation composition of isometries.
    This is called the symmetry group of the
    respective pattern.
    Common Motifs on a Funerary Textile

    Matmata designs. It has symmetries consisting of reflections with vertical


    and horizontal axes and 180° rotations with centers where the reflection
    axes meet. Its symmetry group is a plane crystallographic group of type
    p2mm.

    The finangulawan has symmetry group of the frieze is the frieze group 1m.
    Ibaloy headcloth. The symmetry group of a frieze is mm.
    Ibaloy belt. A frieze pattern shown has the same type of symmetry group
    mm.
    Bontoc

    • Uwes pinakawha. The planar pattern with matmata motifs has


    symmetry group p2mm. It has reflectional symmetries with axes that
    intersect at a point which is a center of a 180 rotational symmetry.
    The frieze patterns consisting of tiktiko ∧ motifs has symmetry group
    m1.
    • Pinagpagan. Each frieze pattern has reflections and 180° rotational
    symmetries with axes and centers positioned in the same manner as
    the horizontal frieze patterns described earlier. The symmetry group of
    each frieze pattern is mm.
    • Fanchala. These blankets do not have repeating patterns.

    Itneg

    • Binakul. The symmetry group of the planar pattern is of type p2mm.


    • Dinapat.
    • Pinilian. Its symmetry group is a plane crystallographic group of type
    p1. There are no rotations, reflections, or glide reflection symmetries.

    Kalinga

    • Sinanbituwon. It has symmetry group p2mm.


    • Binaliwon. The frieze pattern is of symmetry type mm.

    Ibaloy

    • Kuabaw. A frieze pattern has mortars (X) as motifs and has symmetry
    group mm with vertical and horizontal reflectional symmetries.
    • Dil-e. A frieze pattern, with human motifs, has symmetry group mm.
    Meanwhile, the symmetry group of the planar pattern is of type pm.
    • Aladdang. There are two reflection symmetries with vertical and
    horizontal axes that intersect at the center of the pattern, which is a
    center of a 180o rotational symmetry.

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