Quantitative Research Final Paper Group6

EFFECTS OF VARIOUS SOIL TYPE ON PLANT GROWTH
A Quantitative Research
presented to the Senior High School Faculty of
STA. CRUZ ACADEMY OF LUBAO, INC.
Sta. Cruz, Lubao, Pampanga
in partial fulfillment of the requirements in

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Mariano, Jack M.
Pascual, Ace S.
Pineda, John Angelo M.
Lansangan, Gian Darryll T.
Carpio, Vincent P.
Manalansan, Princess Kate
Grade 12- Corinthians
Jaires May A. Degamo, LPT

Research Adviser
Date of Completion
1
ABSTRACT
Plants need a few key things to grow. Those things are nutrients, water, and
sunlight. Usually their nutrients come from the soil they are growing in. Plant growth
is influenced by soil structure in a variety of ways. Roots grow the fastest in very
friable soil, but their uptake of water and nutrients may be limited due to insufficient
contact with the soil's solid and liquid phases. This contact is much more intimate in
hard soil, but the roots' growth is strongly inhibited, resulting in poor foraging ability
and the plant eventually running out of water or nutrients. However, even hard soils
contain continuous macro pores that provide niches for roots to grow in.
Different soils might have various effects on the function of plant growth. In this
study, three soil types (sand, loam, clay soil) were used to study their effects on
tomato plant.
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all we would like to thank our Almighty God for showering us wisdom and
strength throughout our research work to complete the research successfully. We
would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to our research adviser Ms. Jaires Mae A.
Degamo, LPT for her unending support and patience that she gave us throughout this
research. Her determination, sincerity and kindness inspired us to finish our research
work. She has taught us the determination and patience to carry out the research and
to present the research works as clearly as possible. We are genuinely grateful for
what she offered us. We just want her to know that she is the best Research adviser
that we ever had. And we owe her a lot.
We are extremely grateful for our parents who supported us and giving us their
love, prayers and sacrifices in our research study.
Lastly, I thank my fellow researchers for giving their best, sacrifices and full
support to the group, also for the stimulating discussions, for the fun that we had in
the whole research study and of course to our sleepless nights we were working
together just to finish the whole research study.
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE..........................................................................................................1
ABSTRACT............................................................................................................2
ACKNOWLEDGMENT.........................................................................................3
TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................................................................4
CHAPTER
1 The Problem and Its Background
Introduction............................................................................................5
Conceptual Framework/Theoretical Framework...................................6
Statement of the Problem.......................................................................8
Significance of the Study.......................................................................8
Scope and Delimitation..........................................................................8
Definition of Terms................................................................................9
2 Review of Related Literature
Review Related Studies.........................................................................10
Review Related Literature.....................................................................13
3 Methodology
Research Design....................................................................................15
Materials................................................................................................15
Research Instrument..............................................................................16
Data Gathering Procedure.....................................................................16
Data Analysis........................................................................................16
4 Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data................................17
5 Results and Discussion..........................................................................19
Conclusion.............................................................................................20
Recommendation...................................................................................20
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................22
CURRICULUM VITAE.........................................................................................23
4
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
1.1 Introduction
Plants require a few essential elements in order to grow. Nutrients, water, and
sunlight are examples of these things. Typically, their nutrients came from the soil in
which they grow.
The soil is always one of the first things that we look for when starting a new
garden or when we want to plant some seedlings in pots and bottles.
The soil consists of living organisms, minerals, and organic matter. The organic
matter in the dirt comes from decaying material like dead animals and rotting plants.
Minerals come from crushed rocks, and so the type and amount of mineral in the soil
depend on the rocks found in that geographic area.
The living organisms that make up soil will include things like bacteria and
worms. Everything from the organic matter to the living organisms in the ground
affects plant growth.
Thus, different soils might have various effects on the function of the plant growth
promoting microorganism (PGPMs) which could promote plant growth and foliar
chemical contents. (Yuwatida Scripontan et.al., 2014)
The researchers choose the topic Effect of Various Soil Type on Plant Growth
because they want to know the right soil for the plant to grow faster.
5
1.2 Conceptual Framework/ Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework
The paradigm presents the variables that will be considered in the research.
Figure 1 below shows the conceptual framework of the research.
Figure 1. The Conceptual Framework of the Study
The effects of various soil type will be described in the research in terns of
three sub-variables: (a) sand; (b) loam; and (c) clay. In the research, this variable
is seen to possess a hypothesized relationship on plant growth. This hypothesized
relationship is represented by the two-headed arrow connecting both variables.
Theoretical Framework
6
This chapter includes the review of related theories of previous researches

relevant to this topic. It provides additional information and background
knowledge to enhance the study. This chapter is intended to help further
understand the research in its entirety.
Related Theories
According to Liebig, an German Scientist formulated the Law of the

Minimum theory, which states that if one of the essential plant nutrients is
deficient, plant growth will be poor even when all other essential nutrients are
abundant.
In addition, Jenny, suggested a slightly different way of considering the factors

of soil formation and their effects "Factors of Soil Formation". Jenny's model
(idea) is consistent with others in that it indicates five factors of soil formation: (1)
climate (cl); (2) organisms (o); (3) topography (r); (4) parent material (p); and (5)
time (t). Because the factors define the state and the history of soil systems, they
are referred to as state factors, and the whole idea is called the state factor
approach.
However, Dokuchaev, was a Russian geologist and geographer who is credited

with laying the foundations of soil science.He is commonly regarded as the father
of soil science,considers the soil as a natural body having its own genesis and its
own history of development, a body with complex and multiform processes taking
place within it. The soil is considered as different from bedrock. The latter
becomes soil under the influence of a series of soil-formation factors (climate,
vegetation, parent material, relief and age). According to him, soil should be
called the "daily" or outward horizons of rocks regardless of the type; they are
7
changed naturally by the common effect of water, air and various kinds of living
and dead organisms.
1.3 Statement of the Problem
This study will examine the effects of various soil type on plant growth.
Specially, it attempts to answer:
1. How is the effect of different soil such as:
1.1 Sand;
1.2 Loam; and
1.3 Clay
on plant growth?
2. Which soil is best for plant growth?

3. Is there an effect of mixture of all three main types of soil on plant growth?
1.4 Significance of the Study
The results of the study will be great benefit to the following.
To the farmers, the results of the study will enable them to determine what is the
best soil for planting.
8
To the people buying different soils, the study will help them to choose the right
soil.
To the future researchers, this research will give them an information of what will
be the effect of various soil type on plant growth and for them to further expand this
study.
1.5 Scope and Delimitation
This study aims to know the aspect that effects of various soil type on plant
growth. This study includes the soil and the plant in terms of their types.
1.6 Definition of Terms
The following terms are further defined either operationally or conceptually:
Various Soil Types – the different types of soil.
Plant Growth – defined as the increasing of plant volume and/or mass with or without
formation of new structures such as organs, tissues, cell or cell organelles. (V.
Brukhin, N. Morozova) 2011.
Plant rotting – any of several plant diseases, caused by any of hundreds of species of
soil-borne bacteria, fungi, and fungus like organisms. (Britannica)
Organic Matter – the large source of carbon-based compounds found within natural
and engineered, terrestrial, and aquatic environments. (Wikipedia)
Living Organisms – an organism is any organic, living system that functions as an

individual entity. (Wikipedia)
Geographic Area – a demarcated area of the Earth. (The Free Dictionary)
9
Friable Soil – The Spruce (2019), is soil that has the crumbly texture ideal for the
underground activity that is the foundation of success with most plants.
Soil Formation - as defined by the Queensland Government (2016), they are produced
from rocks (parent material) through the processes of weathering and natural erosion.
Garden Favorites – plant favorites to grow in the garden.
Bedrock – solid rock underlying loose deposits such as soil or alluvium. (Oxford
Languanges)
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Related Study
Foreign Sources
As mention by Ranganayaki (2005), the global necessity to increase agricultural

production from a steadily decreasing and degrading land resource base has placed
considerable strain on the fragile agro-ecosystems. Current strategies to maintain and
improve agricultural productivity via high-input practices places considerable
emphasis on 'fail-safe' techniques for each component of the production sequence
with little consideration to the integration of these components in a holistic, systems
approach. While the use of mineral fertilizers is considered the quickest and surest
way of boosting crop production, their cost and other constraints deter farmers from
10
using them in recommended quantities. In recent years, concepts of integrated plant

nutrient management (IPNM) have been developed, which emphasize maintaining
and increasing soil fertility by optimizing all possible sources (organic and inorganic)
of plant nutrients required for crop growth and quality. This is done in an integrated
manner appropriate to each cropping system and farming situation. Improvement in
agricultural sustainability requires optimal use and management of soil fertility and
soil physical properties, both of which rely on soil biological processes and soil
biodiversity.
As explained by Passioura (2000), soil structure affects plant growth in many

ways. Roots grow most rapidly in very friable soil, but their uptake of water and
nutrients may be limited by inadequate contact with the solid and liquid phases of the
soil. This contact is much more intimate in hard soil, but then the growth of the roots
is strongly inhibited, so that their foraging ability is poor, and the plant may
eventually become short of water or nutrients. However, many soils, even if hard,
contain continuous macropores that provide niches for the roots to grow in. The
presence of such macropores increases the extent of the root system, but because the
roots are clumped within them, the rate at which the roots can extract water and
nutrients from the soil between the macropores is considerably slowed. These
macropores also provide niches for microorganisms, both symbiotic and pathogenic,
so that the response of roots to different tillage treatments may differ markedly on this
account alone. Soil structure not only affects the ability of roots to grow and to supply
the leaves with water and nutrients; if adverse, it also induces them to send hormonal
signals that slow the growth of the shoot, even if they are currently able to take up
adequate water and nutrients.
According to Caplan and Yeakley (2006), the characterization of IAPs and the
study of the environmental factors underlying their success are therefore pivotal to
develop effective IAP control measures.Beyond climate, soil characteristics are
11
believed to play an important role in the survival and performance of alien plants and
therefore in successful invasion.
Furthermore, Loncaric(2008), stated that microorganism activity as well as

nutrients solubility and availability are some of the most important processes that
depend on pH. For instance, in acid soils, most micronutrients are more available to
plants than in neutral-alkaline soils, generally favoring plant growth.
As mention by Sripontan et. al. (2014), on her study “Effects of Soil Type and
Plant Growth Promoting Microorganism on Cabbage and Spodoptera litura
Performance” different soils might have various effects on the function of plant
growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) which could promote plant growth and
foliar chemical contents. The result showed that PGPMs significantly increased plant
growth. Moreover, the commercial growth medium treated with PGPMs produced the
highest biomass. The interaction effect between PGPMs and soil types was significant
for the water content; whereas the anti-nutrient compound was affected by the soil
type only.
Local Sources
As explained by Dr. Lois Berg Stack et. at. (2011), on his study ”Soil and Plant
Nutrition: A Gardener’s Perspective”, soil is composed of both minerals (derived
from the rock under the soil or transported through wind or water) and organic matter
(from decomposing plants and animals). The mineral portion of soil is identified by its
texture. Texture refers to the relative amounts of sand, silt and clay in the soil. These
three terms refer only to particle size, not to the type of mineral that comprises
them. Sand is familiar to most of us, and is the largest textural soil size. Sand grains
can be seen with the naked eye or with a hand lens. Sand provides excellent aeration
and drainage. It tills easily and warms up rapidly in spring. However, it erodes easily,
12
and has a low capacity for holding water and nutrients. Clay particles are so small that
they can only be seen through an electron microscope. Clay soils contain low amounts
of air, and water drains slowly through them. Clay is difficult to till, and warms up
slowly in spring. But, it tends to erode less quickly than sand, and it has a high
capacity for holding water and nutrients. Silt is sized between sand and clay.
Individual silt particles can be seen through a lower-power microscope. It has
intermediate characteristics compared to sand and clay.
According to (Marco Trevisan 2019), soil pH is, therefore, described as the

“master soil variable” that influences myriads of soil biological, chemical, and
physical properties and processes that affect plant growth and biomass yield.
As explained by Asio (2018), the paper reviews the available information on soil
degradation which is a major agricultural and environmental problem in the
Philippines. Soil erosion appears to be the most widespread process of soil
degradation and is also the most studied. Other important but less studied soil
degradation processes include loss of nutrients and organic matter, salinization,
acidification, pollution, compaction, and subsidence. Studies reviewed have shown
that the widespread degraded upland soils possess chemical and physical constraints
for crop growth like acidic or calcareous chemical condition, low organic matter and
nutrient contents, shallow solum, presence of toxic substances and compaction. There
is a need for more data on the physical and socio-economic characteristics of
degraded lands to aid in the formulation of appropriate soil management strategies to
support biodiesel production in these unproductive lands which is now being
promoted by the Philippine government.
2.2 Related Literature
13
Soil Type
According to the College of Agricultural Sciences (2017), entitled “Introduction to

Soils: Soil Quality”, soil texture is an important soil characteristic that influences
many aspects of soil quality. The textural class of a soil is determined by the
percentage of sand, silt, and clay. Soils are usually made up of a mix of the three
particle sizes. Sand particles are relatively large, clay particles are very tiny in
comparison to sand, and silt particles are medium-sized. Clay and silt particles hold
more water and plant nutrients along their surfaces than sand particles. Soil texture is
an inherent property of a soil, and does not change under different management
practices. Soils can be classified as one of four major textural classes: (1) sands; (2)
silts; (3) loams; and (4) clays. These are based on the proportion of particle sizes
found in each soil.
As stated byNhelson and Rhodes (2019), Soil texture is not the only variable in
determining soil quality, but it is one of the main things to take note of about a soil
just like sandy, clay and loam soil.
Howerver Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center and the United States Botanic
Garden (2021) stated that how coarse or fine soil feels depends on the size of the
mineral particles. Sand, silt and clay the major mineral particles are responsible for
the size and number of soil pore spaces. Pore space determines the amount of air and
oxygen in soil, the drainage rate and soil’s capacity to hold nutrients.
Plant Growth
As explained by J. B. Passioura (2002), “Soil Conditions and Plant Growth”,

plants can respond to soil conditions in ways that can not readily be explained in
terms of the ability of the roots to take up water and nutrients. Roots may sense
difficult conditions in the soil and thence send inhibitory signals to the shoots which
harden the plants against the consequences of a deteriorating or restrictive
environment, especially if the plants’ water supply is at risk. Generally, this behaviour
14
can be interpreted as feedforward responses to the soil becoming too dry or too hard,
or to the available soil volume being very small as with bonsai plants, or to roots’
becoming infected with pathogens.
However Vinje (2018), stated that tomatoes are not super fussy about what type of
soil they are grown in. As with most garden vegetables, they do well in well-drained,
and healthy loam. Loam soil helps the tomatoes to grow faster and several inches of
organic compost or aged animal manure into the upper 4-8 inches of soil before
planting.
In addition, Salem M. Al-Amri (2013), a field experiment was conducted to

investigate the effect of seed presoaking of shikimic acid (30, 60 and 120 ppm) on
growth parameters, fruit productivity and quality, transpiration rate, photosynthetic
pigments and some mineral nutrition contents of tomato plants.
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the researchers present methods and procedure that are used in
conducting the study.
15
3.1 Research Design
This study is quantitative in nature and the researchers used experimental

method. As it aims to identify the cause and effect of a hypothesis. Researchers
can further analyze this relationship to determine more in-depth ideas.
Experimental research makes an ideal starting point. The data you collect is a
foundation on which to build more ideas and conduct more research.
Kendra Cherry (2020), cited that in the experimental method, researchers

identify and define key variables, formulate a hypothesis, manipulate the variables
and collect data on the results. Extraneous variables are carefully controlled to
minimize a potential impact on the outcome of the experiment.
Dr. Saul McLeod (2012), stated that an advantage is that experiments should be
objective. The views and opinions of the researcher should not affect the results of
a study. This is good as it makes the data more valid, and less biased.
3.2 Materials
Because this is an experimental study, the substances we used are as follows:
Three types of soil:
● Sand
● Loam
● Clay
Plant seeds:
● Tomato seed
16
3.3 Research Instruments
Observation is the main instrument used in gathering the needed information. An

observation research instrument is one in which a researcher makes observations and
records of what is being experimented with.
3.4 Data Gathering Procedure
We alloted our time, efforts and coorperation in observing our experiment. As

we know that garden favorites are fast growing plants. We use tomato seeds to see
if it is working to the three types of soil which is the sand soil, loam soil, and clay
soil.
3.5 Data Analysis
We focused on plants that we can use in three types of soil which is the loam soil,
sand soil, and clay soil. We researched and asked farmers what plants grow faster and
that plant is the tomato. After we find out that the tomato just grows fast, we started
our experiment.
CHAPTER 4
17
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the presentation, analysis and interpretation of data gathered
from the result obtained from the experiment of Effect of Various Soil Type (Loam
Soil, Clay Soil, and Sandy Soil) on Plant Growth (Tomato Seeds)
Soil Type 1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week Result
Loam Soil
Clay Soil
Sandy Soil
18
The primary goal of our experiment is to determine the effect of different soil types
on plant growth.
We first dried the tomato seeds by soaking them in the sun for two days. On
November 12, 2021, two days after soaking the tomato seeds in the sun, we began
planting in various types of soil, including sandy soil, loamy soil, and clay soil. To
plant the tomato seeds, we dug an inch into the soil and placed it in a less-focused
area of the sun.
Only a week later, tomato seeds sprouted in the sandy and loamy soils, but not in
the clay soil, so we waited another three days for tomato seeds to sprout. Three days
later, nothing sprouted in the clay soil, so we decided to plant again. We simply
sprinkled tomato seeds on top of the clay soil the second time we planted tomato
seeds in it.
A week later, tomato seeds germinated successfully in the clay soil, and we
continued to monitor them until we noticed that the tomato plant was withering in the
clay and sand soils but still growing in the loam soil.
CHAPTER 5
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The chapter contains detailed presentation and discussion of data analysis and the
results of this study.
The effect of different soil such as sand, loam, and clay on plant growth.
19
A soil that's low in nutrients will keep the leaves small and the root system smaller.
Conversely, soil that's rich in nutrients will make the roots grow bigger since it has
more room to grow, giving more nutrients for the plants.
The sand soil showed good reaction but it did not last long until the tomato plant
withered. Loam soil showed good results in all of them and it grew well the tomato
plant. On the other hand, clay soil results were not good in the tomato plant perhaps
because the clay soil was compact and it caused the withered of the tomato plant.
Best soil for plant growth.
Based on our experience in our experiment the soil that we can say the best for
plant growth is the loam soil.
The effect of mixture of all three main types of soil on plant growth.
We can say that the mixture of all three main type of soil is the loam soil because
loam soil contain sand, silt and clay in such proportions that stickiness and
non-adhesiveness are in balance - so the soils are mouldable but not sticky. Loams are
the "friendliest" soils to cultivate. And we can say that it has a good effect on a plant
because it is full of nutrients that are good for a plant.
The soil is always an important consideration in gardening. As a result, it is critical

to provide the best for your plants in order for them to receive the nutrients, minerals,
water, and oxygen that they require to grow. Although there are modern farming
methods that do not require soil, such as hydroponics, it is still necessary if you want
to do some "truly" organic farming.
20
CONCLUSION
In this study, we found out that among the three representatives types of soil tested
such as sand, loam, and clay. The loam soil displayed the best above all of them.
Loam soil hold the combination of sandy and clay soil and it contains more nutrients,
and it is more moisture compared to sandy and clay soil. Thus, this type of soil was
suitable in planting veggies.
RECOMMENDATION
This study demonstrates the specific effects of various soil type in plant growth
and it gives information not only to the farmers but also to the people who want to
plant garden favorites in their backyards. They conducted this study so that it can
share their ideas and knowledge.
The researchers encourages the heads on the Department of Agriculture to have a
free training and seminar to the different provinces of the Philippines especially those
who focused on agriculture because it might help them to plant more healthy
vegetables.
Based on the findings and the conclusions drawn from this research, the
proponents offer these recommendations for the following:
i. To the people buying different soils;
21
i.i This will help them to buy the perfect soil that they will need for
planting veggies.
ii. The future researchers;
ii.i This study will give them information about the effects of various soil
type in plant.
REFERENCES
22
https://www.saps.org.uk/saps-associates/browse-q-and-a/623-what-are-the-effects-of
-different-soils-eg-clay-potting-mix-peat-sand-garden-soil-etc-on-plant-growth
https://www.iowaagliteracy.org/Article/Plant-Growth-in-Different-Soil-Types
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.01335/full
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5327428/
https://extension.umaine.edu/gardening/manual/soils/soil-and-plant-nutrition/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279953252_Effects_of_Soil_Type_and_Pla
nt_Growth_Promoting_Microorganism_on_Cabbage_and_Spodoptera_litura_Perfor
mance
https://agreenhand.com/how-does-soil-affect-plant-growth/
https://garden.lovetoknow.com/wiki/Which_Soil_Is_Best_for_Plant_Growth
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1343943X.2015.1128087
https://www.gardeners.com/how-to/what-type-of-soil-do-you-have/9120.html
https://learn.eartheasy.com/articles/know-your-garden-soil-how-to-make-the-most-of-your-
soil-type/
23
APPENDIX A
CURRICULUM VITAE
MARIANO, JACK MAGHIBON
Purok #3 Prado Saba ,Lubao, Pampanga

Email Address: [email protected]
Contact No. : 09663721243
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Place of Birth : Prado Siongco, Lubao, Pampanga
Date of Birth : April 29, 2004
Age : 17 years old
Gender : Male
Citizenship : Filipino
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Catholic
Languages/Dialects : English and Filipino
FAMILY BACKGROUND
Father’s Name : Juancho Mariano
Occupation : Truck Driver
Mother’s Name : Imelda Mariano
Occupation : House Wife
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Primary : San Isidro Elementary School

San Isidro, Lubao, Pampanga
2010-2016
24
Junior High School : Baruya High School

Rafael Baruya, Lubao, Pampanga
2016-2020
Senior High School : Sta. Cruz Academy of Lubao Inc.

Sta. Cruz Lubao, Pampanga
On-going
PASCUAL, ACE SALAZAR
SitioMasipag Prado Sionco, Lubao, Pampanga

Contact No. : 09275822281
Place of Birth : Mariveles, Bataan
Date of Birth : July 24, 2004
Age : 17 years old
Gender : Male
Religion : Catholic
FAMILY BACKGROUND
Father’s Name : CatalinoPascual
Occupation : Truck Driver
Mother’s Name : EvengelinePascual
Occupation : Lady Guard
Primary : Prado Siongco Elementary School

Prado Sionco, Lubao, Pampanga
25
2010-2016
Junior High School : Prado Siongco High School

2016-2020

On-going
PINEDA, JOHN ANGELO MIGUEL

SitioPulo Prado Sionco, Lubao, Pampanga
Contact No. :09954385547
Place of Birth : Sta Cruz Lubao Pampanga
Date of Birth : December 29, 2003
Age : 18 years old
Gender : Male
Religion : Catholic
FAMILY BACKGROUND
Father’s Name : Juanito Pineda
Occupation : Tricycle Driver
Mother’s Name : Angelina Pineda
Occupation : HouseWife
Primary : Prado Siongco Elementary School

2010-2016
26
Junior High School : Prado Sionco High School

2016-2020

On-going
27

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EFFECTS OF VARIOUS SOIL TYPE ON PLANT GROWTH

EFFECTS OF VARIOUS SOIL TYPE ON PLANT GROWTH

in partial fulfillment of the requirements in

Grade 12- Corinthians

Jaires May A. Degamo, LPT

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1.2 Conceptual Framework/ Theoretical Framework

Figure 1. The Conceptual Framework of the Study

This chapter includes the review of related theories of previous researches

According to Liebig, an German Scientist formulated the Law of the

In addition, Jenny, suggested a slightly different way of considering the factors

However, Dokuchaev, was a Russian geologist and geographer who is credited

1.3 Statement of the Problem

1. How is the effect of different soil such as:

2. Which soil is best for plant growth?

1.4 Significance of the Study

The results of the study will be great benefit to the following.

1.5 Scope and Delimitation

1.6 Definition of Terms

The following terms are further defined either operationally or conceptually:

Various Soil Types – the different types of soil.

Living Organisms – an organism is any organic, living system that functions as an

Geographic Area – a demarcated area of the Earth. (The Free Dictionary)

Garden Favorites – plant favorites to grow in the garden.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Related Study

As mention by Ranganayaki (2005), the global necessity to increase agricultural

using them in recommended quantities. In recent years, concepts of integrated plant

As explained by Passioura (2000), soil structure affects plant growth in many

Furthermore, Loncaric(2008), stated that microorganism activity as well as

According to (Marco Trevisan 2019), soil pH is, therefore, described as the

2.2 Related Literature

According to the College of Agricultural Sciences (2017), entitled “Introduction to

As explained by J. B. Passioura (2002), “Soil Conditions and Plant Growth”,

In addition, Salem M. Al-Amri (2013), a field experiment was conducted to

3.1 Research Design

This study is quantitative in nature and the researchers used experimental

Kendra Cherry (2020), cited that in the experimental method, researchers

Because this is an experimental study, the substances we used are as follows:

Three types of soil:

3.3 Research Instruments

Observation is the main instrument used in gathering the needed information. An

3.4 Data Gathering Procedure

We alloted our time, efforts and coorperation in observing our experiment. As

3.5 Data Analysis

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Soil Type 1st Week 2nd Week 3rd Week Result

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

results of this study.

Best soil for plant growth.

plant growth is the loam soil.

The soil is always an important consideration in gardening. As a result, it is critical

suitable in planting veggies.

share their ideas and knowledge.

The researchers encourages the heads on the Department of Agriculture to have a

proponents offer these recommendations for the following:

i. To the people buying different soils;

ii. The future researchers;

MARIANO, JACK MAGHIBON