Lesson 7: Major Issues Affecting

the Poor and the Marginalized

Poverty
• Refers to the state of being extremely poor and
lacking the means to see to one’s basic needs. This
issue remains a major challenge in the Philippines,
as a large portion of the population still experience
poverty.
Other Issues of the Poor and Marginalized
1. Violation of Indigenous People’s Rights
2. Housing Concerns
3. Violence Against Women
4. Violence Against Children
5. Extrajudicial Killing
Violation of Indigenous People’s Rights
Housing Concerns
Violence Against Women
Violence Against Children
Extrajudicial Killing
Lesson 8: The Role of the
Youth in Community Action
The Youth and Community Action

• According to the Youth in Nation-Building Act,

the youth is composed of individuals who are
15-30 years old. They make up around one-
third of the Philippine population.
Factors Affecting Youth Participation in the
Community
• Education

• Values

• Parental Involvement
Factors affecting youth from participating in
community activities

•Insufficient recognition of their abilities

and contribution
•Limited opportunities to become involved
in government affairs
Cultivating Attitudes, Values, Mindsets and
Priorities

•Attitude
•Values
•Mindsets
•Priorities
Attitude

•Made up of affective, behavioral,

cognitive components.
Values
• refers to the beliefs or ideals shared by the
members of the group. The values will serve as
the basis of what is desirable or not to the
group. Values can also influence one’s attitude.
Mindsets
• Defined as a set state of mind. The mindset of
the youth regarding their role in their
communities can be conditioned by the
environment.
Priorities
• Are things that are often regarded as more
important than others.
 Youth in Community Change : #NowPH
• (Not on Our Watch Philippines) a project formed in
partnership of the National Youth Commission
(NYC), the Climate Change Commission (CCC), and
the YesPinoy Foundation. Launched in 2015,
#NowPH encourages the country’s youth to
participate in the worldwide movement against
climate change.
Lesson 9: Selected Cases of
Community Action Initiatives
Community Action Initiatives

• Are a way of government, along with other

organizations, to cater to the needs of
communities. It is anchored by objectives that
are based on specific concerns that groups in
the area want to address.
 Community Action Initiatives Planned by the
Government
• Philippine Open Partnership National Action
Plan- was created to fulfill and formalize initiatives in
reforming the government.
Community Action Initiatives Planned by the
Government
• The Homeless People’s Federation Philippines,
Incorporated (HPFPI)- implemented projects to
help those who have lost their homes due to
disasters. It has organized projects to assist the
communities in preparing for and recovering from
disasters.
Community Action Initiatives Planned by the
Government
• Community Action Extension Programs in
State Colleges and Universities – launched
community action extension programs that involve
the use of technology to improve farm productivity
and attaining Livelihood Enterprise Development to
reduce poverty.
 Community Action Initiatives Planned by the
Government

• Comprehensive Community Initiatives- involve

partnership conducting several interrelated and
simultaneous activities.
Examples of Comprehensive Community
Initiatives

1. UNICEF trainings for

health workers
Examples of Comprehensive Community
Initiatives
2. Sanayan sa Kakayahang
Industriyal (SKIL) which focuses on
technical skills training such as
welding, automotive mechanics and
refrigeration
Examples of Comprehensive Community
Initiatives
3. Sanayan sa
Kakayahang
Agrikultura (SAKA)
which assist out-of-school
youth from poor families
in gaining employment
and livelihood
opportunities.
Human Rights
Lesson 10
 What are Human Rights?
• In the Philippines, it is defined as the civil and
political rights of a person.
• It is introduce in the 1987 Phil.Constitution
• Human rights embrace moral standards of any
member of a community
• Human rights allow a person to live with
dignity and in peace, away from the abuses
that can be inflicted by abusive institutions
or individuals. But the fact remains that there
are rampant human rights violations around the
world.
• In the Philippines, the rights of Filipinos are expressed in
Article III of the 1987 Philippine Constitution.
• This is called the bill of rights which includes 22 sections
that present the Filipinos citizen’s rights and
privileges.
• The constitution is expected to protect the Filipinos in
relations to these rights

• December 4 to 10 of each year is marked as National

Human Rights Consciousness Week via Republic Act No.
9201.
• December 10 is also considered as the United Nations
Human Rights Day. It commemorates the day the UN
General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights in 1948.
• No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due
process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of
the laws.
• The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable
except upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order
requires otherwise, as prescribed by law.
• No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or
prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment
of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or
preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be
required for the exercise of civil or political rights.
• Private property shall not be taken for public use without just
compensation.
• No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due
process of law.
• No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax.
 Who oversees the fulfilment and protection of
human rights in the Philippines?

• Human rights are both rights and obligations, according to the

UN. The state – or the government – is obliged to “respect,
protect, and fulfill” these rights.
• Respect creates commitment from state that no law should be
made to interfere or curtail the fulfillment of the stated human
rights. Protecting means that human rights violations should be
prevented and if they exist, immediate action should be made.
• In the Philippines, the Commission on Human Rights (CHR)
primarily handles the investigations of human rights violations.
However, it has no power to resolve issues as stated in
the Supreme Court decision in 1991.
Do criminals or those who break the law still
enjoy human rights?
• Criminals or those in conflict with the law are still protected by rights
as indicated in many legal documents such as the Philippines’ Criminal
Code and UN’s Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of
Prisoners.
• In 2002, the CHR issued an advisory after the debate sparked by
Davao City Mayor Rodrigo Duterte's statement during a crime summit
in Manila. He said extra-judicial or summary killings remain "the most
effective way to crush kidnapping and illicit drugs.“
• However, according to the CHR, summary or extra-judicial executions
of criminals or suspects are prohibited under the Philippine
Constitution as these violate several sections such as Article III Section
1, which states that “no person shall be deprived of life, liberty or
property without due process of law nor shall any person be denied the
equal protection of the laws."
• Article II of Section 11, which provides that “the State values the
dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human
rights.“
• Meanwhile, Section 19 of the Bill of Rights clearly states that any
punishment against a prisoner or detainee shall be dealt with by law
and through due process. It also says that no “cruel, degrading or
inhuman punishment” may be inflicted – even death.
Conclusion
• Nearly 75,000 people filed for recognition as victims of
human rights violations during the administration of
President Ferdinand Marcos in 2014. Martial Law is
regarded as the “dark years from 1972-1986 due to a huge
record of abduction and torture, among others, under the
dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos.
Gender equality
Lesson 11
What is gender equality?

• Similar to sexual equality

• Entails the idea that all human
beings, both men and women, have
the freedom to develop themselves
in terms of their personal abilities
and choices
• Global Gender Gap Report in the World
Economic Forum published in 2016 presented the
levels of gender equality in various countries. The
Philippines improved in its rank with regards to
gender equality, being the highest in Asia and 7th out
of 144 countries.
Areas explored in terms of gender equality
1. Economic Participation
2. Educational Attainment
3. Health and Survival
4. Political Empowerment
forms of gender inequality
•Women work
longer than
men
forms of gender inequality
• Ownership
Inequality
forms of gender inequality
• Survival Inequality
forms of gender inequality
•Gender Bias in
the Distribution
of Education and
Health
forms of gender inequality
•Gender Inequality
and Freedom of
Expression
forms of gender inequality
•Gender Inequality
with Respect to
Violence and
Victimization
1. Include gender inequality in the curriculum to address gender
equality issues.
2. Provide strategic interventions at all levels of programming and
policy making in the country that include reproductive health,
economic empowerment, educational and political environment.
3. Accept the concept, as suggested by most researches, that
working with men and women, boys and girls in promoting
gender equality will contribute to achievement of health and
development outcomes

Initiatives to fight gender inequality

Lesson 12: Partnership building with
local groups
 • key towards effective management
• leads to different people and organizations
working together and addressing common
interests and concerns.

what is partnership?
four stages in developing partnership

Forming Normalizing Storming

Performing
stage stage stage
stage
1. There will be more efficient use of financial resources.
possible outcomes once partnership is established
2. A spirit of sharing and cooperation is attained.
3. More creative ideas.
4. There is distribution of tasks.
5. There will be wider support to meet the community’s
objectives
1. it takes time, skills, and effort to be able to build a successful
Challenges
management in that may arise in partnership
partnership.
2. It will take effort and patience to maintain the motivation and
enthusiasm of the group.
3. Communication with partners should be strengthened and
maintained
• it is important to involve in the right people.
strategies to build successful partnership
• The members of the community should have initiative
and responsible.
• the group should have clear and attainable goals.
ways to gather information on local groups

•media
•libraries
•interview/informal conversations
•telephone surveys