CH # 02

ATOMIC STRUCTURE
 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQs)
Ch. # 02-Atomic Structure

MCQs with Minimum Difficulty Level

1. The negative charge on the cathode rays was established by:
A. William Crook B. J. Perrin
C. J. J. Thomson D. Rutherford
2. The negative charged particle was given the name “electron” by:
A. Rutherford B. Stoney
C. Berzelius D. Dolton
3. Positive rays are also called as:
A. Canal rays B. Gamma rays
C. Beta rays D. Cathode rays
4 Neutron was discovered by:
A. Chadwick B. Anderson
C. Rutherford D. Goldstein
5. Bombardment of alpha-particles on Beryllium (Be) atom emits neutron and this
process is called:
A. Natural radioactivity B. Artificial radioactivity
C. Discharge tube experiment D. Hund’s rule
6. The e/m value of the electron as determined by J.J Thomson is:
A 9.1 x 10-3 C Kg-1 B 1.6 x 10-19 C Kg-1
C 6.62 x 10-34 C Kg-1 D 1.7588 x 10+11 C Kg-1
7. Neutron was discovered by Chadwick in:
A. 1935 B. 1930
C. 1932 D. 1934
8. The energy levels in Hydrogen atom according to Bohr model are called:
A. Ground state energy level B. Orbits
C. Degenerate orbitals D. Orbitals
9. The value of Bohr radius for first orbit of H-atom is:
A. 0.529 x 10-16 cm B. 0.529 x 10-8 cm
C. 0.529 x 10-12 cm D. 0.529 x 10-10cm
10. For which species Bohr’s theory does not apply:
A. H B. He+ C. Li2+ D. Be
11. The α-particle is identical with:
A. A helium atom B. A doubly charged helium ion
C. Proton D. Fast moving nucleus
12. The value of the Rydberg’s constant is:
A. 1 .7904 x 107 m-1 B. 1.9768 x 10-7 m-1
C. 1.09678 x 107 m-1 D. 1.6 x 107 m-1
13. If a beam of sunlight is passing through the prism, then the type of spectrum
obtained:
A. Line emission spectrum
B. Line absorption spectrum
C. Band spectrum.
D. Continuous spectrum
14. Paschen series lines in spectrum are produced in:
A. Visible region B. Infra-red region
C. Ultraviolet D. None of above
15. Balmer series of lines are produced when electrons jump down into ------- orbit:
A. 1st B. 2nd C. 3rd D. 4th
16. Wavelength of visible spectrum is about:
A. 400 nm to 750 nm B. 300 to nm to 600 .m
C. 200 nm to 500 nm D. 400 nm to 850 nm
17. Line spectra is a characteristic of:
A. Molecules B. atoms
C. Radicals D. None
18. Which one of the following is not the unit of the wave number?
A. m-1 B. cm-1
C. mm-1 D. cm
19. The value of Planck’s constant is:
A. 6.62 x 10-34 J.s B. 6.62 x 10-27J.s
C. 6.62 x 10 -21 J.s D. 6.62 x10 -3 J.s
20. The shape of an orbital is governed by:
A. Magnetic quantum number B. Spin quantum number
C. Azimuthal quantum number D. Principal quantum number
21. The electrons in sub-shell are filled according to the formula:
A. 2n2 B. 2 (2 l+1)
C. (2 l+1) D. None of these
22. Orbitals having same energy are called:
A. Hybrid orbitals B. Valence orbitals
C. Degenerate orbitals D. d-orbitals
23. An orbital which is spherical and symmetrical:
A. s- orbital B. p- orbital
C. d- orbital D. f. orbital
24. Principal quantum number is denoted by:
A. n B. l C. s D. m
25. Maximum number of electrons in N-shell are:
A. 18 B. 8 C. 18 D. 32

26. Maximum number of electrons in 4f subshell are:

 A. 2 B. 8 C. 10 D. 14
27. The orbital having dumb-bell shape is called:
A. s-orbital B. p-orbital
C. d- Orbital D. f- orbital

MCQ’s with Moderate Difficulty Level

28. From the discharge tube experiments, it is concluded that;
A. Mass of proton is in fraction
B. Matter contains electrons
C. Nucleus contains negative charge
D. Positive rays are heavier than proton
29. The rays which are deflected towards positive plate in applied electrical field are
called:
A. Positive rays B. Cathode rays
C. Gamma rays D. X-rays
30. The charge on electron was determined by Millikan in his oil drop experiment and
its value is:
A. 6.023 x 10-23 C B. 1.602 x 10-23 C
C. 1.602 x 10-19 C D. 6.625 x 10-34 C
31. The nature of anode rays depends on:
A. Voltage applied
B. Nature of electrodes
C. Nature of discharge tube
D. Nature of residual gas in the discharge tube
32. Wave mechanical model of atom depends upon:
A. De-Broglie’s concept of duality
B. Schrodinger wave equation
C. Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
D. All of above
33. By applying a strong magnetic field to a source of spectrum, each spectral line
gets splitted up into a number of separate fine lines, this phenomenon is called:
A. Compton effect B. Stark effect
C. Zeeman effect D. Quantum effect
34. The process of splitting of spectral lines when atoms are subjected to strong
electric field is called:
A. Decay of spectral lines B. Photoelectric effect
C. Zeeman effect D. Stark effect
35. According to the Bohr’s model, the radius of the second orbit of Hydrogen atom is:
A. 2 Ao B. 2.1 Ao
C. 2.11 x 10-11m D. 2.11 x 10-12 m
36. In the ground state of an atom the electron is present:
 A. In the nucleus B. In the second shell
C. Nearest to the nucleus D. Farthest from the nucleus
37. The distance between adjacent orbits in hydrogen atoms as proposed by Bohr’s
model:
A. Increases from lower to the higher orbits
B. Decreases from lower to the higher orbits
C. Remains the same.
D. There is an irregular change
38. This spectrum is also known as the finger prints of an element:
A. Absorption spectrum B. Line spectrum
C. Continuous spectrum D. All of them
39. Series of lines produced when electron jumps into orbit n =1 from higher energy
level is called:
A. Paschen series B. Lyman series
C. Balmer series D. Pfund series
40. Spectrum in which there are sharp boundary lines between different colors:
A. Absorption spectrum B. Line spectrum
C. Continuums spectrum D. All of them
41. Brakett series of lines are produced when electron jumps down into------- orbit:
A. 1st B. 2nd C. 3rd D. 4th
42. The relationship between energy of a photon of light and its frequency was given
by:
A. De-Broglie in his dual nature of matter
B. Bohr in his model of atom
C. Rutherford in his α-ray scattering experiment
D. Plank in his quantum theory
43. Quantum numbers values for 2p orbital are:
A. n=2, l =1 B. n = 1, l = 2
C. n = 1, l= 0 D. n= 2, l = 0
44. Maximum number of sub-shells in K- Shell are:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
45. When 6d orbital is complete the entering electron goes into:
A. 7f B. 7s C. 7p D. 7d
46. The capacity of d-orbital for filling of electrons is:
A. 2 B. 10 C. 6 D. 14
47. The Azimuthal quantum number l = 2 then m can have values as:
A. +1, -1 B. + 1, 0, -1
C. +2, +1, 0, -1, -2 D. +3, +2, +1,0,-1,-2,-3
48. How many unpaired electrons are present in an atom of configuration1s2, 2s2, 2p4?
A. 4 B. zero C. 2 D. 3
39
49. The number of neutrons present in 19K is:
 A. 39 B. 18 C. 19 D. 20
50. When 4s- sub shell is complete, the new electron will enter:
A. 4 f – orbital B. 4 s – orbital
C. 3 d orbital D. 4 p- orbital
51. In “d”sub- shell the number of degenerate orbitals are:
A. 2 B. 3 C. 5 D. 7
52. The three p-orbitals are situated in space as:
A. Parallel to each other B. Perpendicular to each other
C. In a straight line D. none of above
53. Maximum number of subshell in M-shell are:
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

MCQ’S With High Difficulty Level / Critical MCQs

9 4 x 1
54. In the nuclear reaction: 4Be + 2He → 6C + on

The value of x should be:

A. 13 B. 12 C. 11 D. 6
55. When α-particles are sent through a thin metal foil, most of them go straight
through the foil because:
A. α-particles move with high velocity
B. α-particles are positively charged
C. Most part of atom is empty
D. α-particles are much heavier than electrons
56. When the electron is brought from infinity to the ground state of the hydrogen
atom, then the energy is:
A. Emitted B. Absorbed
C. Not Affected D. Increased
57. The radius of nth orbit of hydrogen atom is calculated by:
A. Planck’s Quantum Theory B. Pauli’s Exclusion Principle
C. Bohr Atomic model D. All of the Above
58. The velocity of photon is:
A. Independent of its wave length
B. Depends on its wave length
C. Equal to square of its amplitude
D. Depends on its source
59. According to Bohr’s theory, the angular momentum (mvr) of an electron is:
nh
A. B. nh π C. 3nh2 π D. 2nh π
2π

60. In an atom the electron:

A. Moves around the nucleus at random
B. Are embedded in space around the nucleus
 C. Are distributed as three dimensional charge
D. Are stationary in various energy levels
61. Which one of the following is not iso-electronic?
A. Mg+2, Be2+ B. N3-, O2-
C. N3-, F- D. F-, Al3+
62. The energy which is required to shift the electron of the Hydrogen atom from
ground state to infinite orbit is:
A. 1313.32 kJ atom -1 B. 1313.31 kJ mol -1
C. 0.00 kJ mol-1 D. 2.178 x 10-17 J atom-1
63. When an electron of charge “e” and mass “m”moves with velocity “v” about the
nucleus having charge “Ze” is in the circular orbit of radius “r” the potential energy
of electron is given by:
A. Ze2/4πεor B. -ze2/4πεor
C. Ze2/4πεor2 D. mv 2/4πεor
64. Which one of the following statement is not correct?
A. Rydberg constant and wave number have same unit
B. Lyman series of hydrogen spectrum occurs in the ultraviolet region
C. The angular momentum of the electron in the ground state of hydrogen atom
is equal to nh/2π
D. The Radius of first Bohr’s orbit in hydrogen atom is 2.116x10-8cm
65. The third line in the Balmer series corresponds to an electronic transition between
which Bohr’s orbit in hydrogen:
A. 5 → 3 B. 5→2 C. 4→3 D. 4→2
66. When electron jumps from n = 2, 3, 4 orbit to n = 1 the radiations emitted give
spectral lines:
A. UV region B. Visible region
C. IR region D. None of these
+
67. The spectrum of He is expected to be similar to that of:
A. H B. L i+ C. Na D. Ne
68. Which of the following electronic transition in hydrogen atom will require largest
amount of energy?
A. From n = 1 to n = 2 B. From n = 2 to n = 3
C. From n = 1 to n = ∞ D. From n = 3 to n = 5
69. The mass number of an element is 40 and atomic number is 20. The ratio of
neutrons to protons is:
A. 1 :1 B. 1:2
C. 2 : 1 D. None of above
70. The wave number of the light emitted from a certain source is 2 x 106 m-1,the wave
length of this light is:
A. 500 nm B. 500 x 103m
 C. 200 nm D. 5x10-7m
71. Properties of a wave are:
A. Wave length B. wave number
C. Frequency D. All of above
72. The sum of principal and Azimuthal quantum number for a certain orbit is four, the
orbit may be:
A. 3d B. 3p C. 5p D. 4d
73. When the Azimuthal quantum number (l) is 3, then “m” can have:
A. 5 values B. 7 values
C. 1 values D. 3 values
74. The sub shell which has highest energy is:
A. 4d B. 5d C. 6s D. 6p
75. On solving Schrodinger wave equation for hydrogen atom how many quantum
numbers have been derived:
A. One B. two C. Three D. four
2 2 5
76. An element “X” has the Configuration is 1s , 2s ,2p in its chemical reaction it is
most likely to:
A. Gain three electron B. Lose one electron
C. Lose 3 electron D. Gain one electron
77. Electronic configuration of species M is 1s 2s 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6 and its atomic
2+ 2 2

weight is 56.What is the number of neutrons in the nucleus of species M?

A. 20 B. 26 C. 28 D. 30
2 2 6 5 5
78. The electronic configuration 1s ,2s , 2p , 3s , 3p for an element has important
oxidation state:
A. +1 B. +3 C. -1 D. -2
79. The ionic specie having more electrons than neutrons is:
A. Mg2+ B. Na+1 C. F-1 D. O-2
80. The ion that is iso-electronic with Cl atom is:
A. CN-1 B. O+2 C. O2-1 D. N2+1

SHORT QUESTIONS BANK

Ch. # 02-Atomic Structure

Short Questions with Minimum Difficulty Level

1. Write three properties of cathode rays.
2. Write few properties of canal rays?
3. Discuss Chadwick’s experiment for the discovery of neutron in an atom?
4. What is Zeeman’s effect? Explain
5. What is stark effect?
6. Define the term orbital? Explain and discuss its shapes.
7. State Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle?
8. Define spectrum and its types?
9. Briefly describe hydrogen spectrum?
10. What is function of Principal Quantum number?
11. What is function of Azimuthal quantum number?
12. Define shell and sub-shell or orbitals.
13. What is Pauli’s Exclusion principle?
14. What is (n+l) rule?
15. What is Hund’s rule?
16. Which quantum number is also called sub-shell quantum number?

Short Questions with Moderate Difficulty Level

17. Why are the cathode rays produced in the discharge tube by applying a high
voltage?
18. Why is it necessary to decrease the pressure in the discharge tube to get the
cathode rays?
19. Explain the defects of Rutherford’s atomic model?
20. What is the relationship between?
(a) Energy and wave length
(b) Frequency and wave length
21. What Particles are formed by the decay of free neutrons?
22. Briefly explain Plank’s Quantum theory?
23. What is Moseley’s Law? Explain.
24. Explain briefly hydrogen spectrum on the basis of Bohr’s theory?
25. Define quantum numbers. What are its types?
26. Briefly explain different shapes of s , p , d orbitals..
27 What is electronic configuration and its rules?
28. Write the electronic configuration of 19K.
29. From the following, pick the impossible cases: 6s2, 6p8,7s3,3d11,4f15.
30. What is difference between orbit and orbital?
31. Describe the reason for the production of x-rays?
32. Calculate the value of a0 for H-atom?
33. Highlight the properties of Neutron?
34. How is the energy, frequency and wavelength of moving particles related to the
momentum of electron.
Short Questions with High Difficulty Level / Critical Questions
35. How can we calculate the mass of an electron by using e/m ratio?
36. How much heavier is the H-atom or compared to an electron?
37. Calculate the radius of 3rd orbit of electron in Hydrogen atom?
38. How much energy is required to make electron of H-atom to jump from n=2 to n=4.
39. According to Bohr’s model, the angular momentum of moving electron is
quantized. What do you mean by this?
40. Calculate the radius of first orbit of hydrogen atom and helium ion (He+1). Which
one has smaller radius? Give reason.
41. Calculate how much energy is required in:
(a) Order to remove electron of hydrogen atom
(b) Convert this energy into ʋ and ʋ
42. Calculate number of electron in s, p, d and f sub-shell from the formula.
43. The magnetic quantum number gives us the orientation of orbital in space. Justify.
44. Describe the allowed combination of n, l and m quantum numbers when n=4.
45. What is Auf-Bau’s principle for distribution of electrons in different orbitals?
46. Why 4s orbital is lower in energy than 3d orbital?
47. Pick the one with lower energy from each of the given pairs.
(a) 3d , 4s (b) 2p, 3s (c) 3d , 4p
48. Write the electronic configuration of 21Sc, 25Mn, 30Zn.
49. Differentiate between paramagnetic and diamagnetic substances.
50. Write the electronic configuration of the following:
i) 20Ca40 ii) 17Cl35 iii) 13Al27
51. Hydrogen atom and He+1 ion are mono-electronic system but size of He+1 is much
smaller than H atom. Why?
52. Bohr’s equation for the radius of nth orbit of electron in hydrogen atom is:
2 2
εoh n
rn = 2
πe m
(a) When the electron moves form n =1 to n = 2, how much does the radius
change?
(b) What is the distance travelled by the electron when it goes form n = 8 and
n =3?
53. Calculate the energy of electron of a hydrogen atom in the orbit for which the value
of n=3.

LONG QUESTIONS BANK

Ch. # 02-Atomic Structure

1. a) Explain the discovery of nucleus by Rutherford’s Experiment. (06)
b) Derive an expression for the energy of revolving electron in hydrogen
atom. (07)
2. a) Drive the equation for the radius of nth orbit of hydrogen atom using
Bohr’s atomic model. Also calculate radius of first and second orbit.
(07)
b) How much energy is required to make electron of H-atom to jump from
n=2 to n=4. (06)
3. a) How was the idea of atomic number derived from the discovery of x-
ray? Explain it with the help of Moseley law. (06)
b) Derive an expression for the energy of revolving electron in hydrogen
atom when it jumps from one energy level to another. (07)
4. a) Explain hydrogen spectrum on the basis of Bohr’s theory. How many
types of spectral lines does hydrogen spectrum evolve. (06)
b) Derive an expression for the energy frequency and wave number of
revolving electron in hydrogen atom when it jumps from one energy
level to another. (07)
5. a) Define quantum numbers? Discuss their types and significance. (06)
b) Explain in detail the defects of Rutherford’s atomic model. (07)
 ANSWER KEY FOR MCQs

Q.No An An Q.No
Ans Q.No. Q.No. Q.No. Ans Ans Q.No. Ans
. .

1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. D

7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. C

13. D 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. D

19. A 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A

25. D 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. B 30. C

31. D 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. C

37. A 38. B 39. B 40. B 41. D 42. D

43. A 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. C

49. D 50. C 51. C 52. B 53. B 54. B

55. C 56. A 57. C 58. A 59. A 60. C

61. A 62. B 63. B 64. D 65. B 66. A

67. A 68. C 69. A 70. D 71. D 72. B

73. B 74. D 75. C 76. D 77. C 78. C

79. D 80. C