KNITTI

NG
Kni
tti
ngisthepro
duct
io
no rfo
rma
tio
no ffa
bri
cbyt h
ei n
ter
lop
ingofon
eo rmorese
tso fy
arn.
Kni
tti
nghasbeenthet
radi
ti
ona
lmetho
do fpr
oduc
ingit
emssucha ss
welt
ers
,un
derwear
,hosi
ery
andbabybl
anke
ts.

Kni
tti
ngisav e
ryeffi
ci
enta ndvers
a t
il
eme t
hodo fmak i
ngf a
bri
c.Thev e
rsat
il
it
yh asresul
tedfrom
th
eus eofcomputeraid
e ddesi
gns yst
emswi t
he le
ctr
o n
icp at
ter
ningme c
hanismsa ndQSC( qui
ck
st
ylecha
n ge
)ma chi
nemo dif
ica
tionsthatpe
rmitrapi
da djust
me n
tforfashi
onch a
nge s
.Inaddit
ion,
micr
oc o
mp ute
rsa r
eus edi nama nnersi
milartot hatforpatte
rnwe aves
.El ec
troni
cc o
ntrol
s
i
denti
fyt
h est
it
chtypeforeachneedle,t
heyarntobeus edinthesti
tch,
andthetensiononthey a
rn.
El
ectr
oni
ck ni
tt
ingma c
hinesma keknit
ti
n gf
aste
r,mo r
ep r
a ct
ic
al,morever
sati
leandmo reeff
ici
ent,
wit
hfewerfabr
icfl
aws.Th e
sema chine
sma kechangingpa t
ter
nsmuc hsi
mp l
erandq ui
cker.

Ad
vantage
so fKn i
tt
ing
1. Aun iquea dvant
ageo fknitt
ingisthatcomp le
tep roduc t
ss ucha ss we aterandh osi
ery
canb eproducedorfashioneddirec
tlyonthek ni
tti
ngma c
h i
ne.
2. Th er ateofproducti
ono fknit
ti
ngma ch
inesisg r
ea t.Itisa b
o utfourtime sg re
atertha
n
looms .
3. Knitt
ingisveryeffi
ci
enta ndversati
lemethodo fma k i
ngf abr
ic.
4. Ot herma joradvantagesofknitsare(a)Inc omfort
:Co mfortrelat
e stoak nit
sa bi
li
tyto
ada p
ttot h
eb odymo veme nt
.(b)Ap pear
an c
er et
en ti
on :Thel oopss t
ructurec ont
ri
butes
outstandi
nge l
a s
ti
cit
y( st
retc
h( recove
ry)apa r
tfromt hee l
as t
icproper t
ieso fthefi
bres
andy arnsthatareused.Loopsc anchanges hapeb ylen g
then i
ngo rwid eni
n gtoproduce
str
e t
china nyfabri
cdirect
ion.
Becauseo ftheuniqueinterl
opeds t
ructureofknits,theya remo r
ep r
onet os pecif
icprobl
ems
suchass aggin
ga nds nagg
ing.Snaggi
n gisas er
iousproblemwi thkn i
tfabric
s .Wh enaf abr
icis
snagged,i
tp ul
lsouta ndstandsa wayf r
omt hesu r
faceo fthef abri
c .S kewi sac o mmo nwit
h
kni
te speci
all
yc i
rcul
a rknit
sb ecauseo fthewa yth e
ya rema de.Kn i
tt
edf ab r
icsh aveh i
gher
pot
enti
als hri
nkageth anwo venfabri
c.Kn i
tsarelikel
yt owr inkled uri
ngus e ,care,packin
go r
sto
rage.

Kni
tt
ingisafab
ric
ati
onpr
oce
ssi
nwh i
chnee
dle
sar
eus
edt
ofo
rm as
eri
eso
fin
ter
loc
kin
glo
ops
fr
omon eormo
reyarn
sorf
romaseto
fyar
ns.

Wa
le(
bla
ck)

Co
urs
e(g
ray
)

Kni
tst
ruc
tur
e

Ty
peo
fKn
itt
ing
Th
erea
retwot
ypesofkn
itt
ing
:Th
eya
re
 Fil
l
ing(
orweft
)kni
tti
ng
 Wa r
pkni
tt
ing

F
il
li
ngKn i
tt
ing:Thi
scanbedonebyhandorma ch
ine.Inhan
dk ni
tt
ing
,ayarniscast(
loo
ped)ont
o
o
nene e
dle;anothe
rneed
lei
sinser
tedi
ntothef
irs
tstit
ch.Theyar
nisposi
ti
onedaroun
dtheneedl
e
a
ndb yma ni
pulat
ingt
heneedl
ethenews t
it
chistakenof
fon t
otheseco
ndn e
e d
le.Thepr
oces
sis
r
epeat
edov e
ra ndove
ragai
nunti
lth
eproducth
asb e
e nco
mp le
ted
.

I
nma chi
nek ni
ttin
g,ma nyne e
dles(on ef oreachwa l
e)a resetint
oama chi
nea ndthesti
tc
hes
madeinaseri
eso fste
ps.Therearefi
v es t
ep si
nma chi
n eknit
ti
ng.Theyare
:
 Runnin
gp o
sit
ion
 Cle
ari
ng
 Feedi
ng
 Knockov er
 Pull
i
ng
 Runnin
gPo si
ti
on:Theneedlemo v esupa tt
heo l
ds t
it
chsli
desd o
wnt h
en ee
dle.
 Cle
ari
ng :Then eedl
eisini t
sh ig h
e stposi
ti
ona ndtheoldstit
ch,hasmo v
edd owntothe
needl
e’sb as
e.
 Feedi
ng:Th enewy arniscaugh tbyt heneedl
e’sho o
ka ndtheneedl
eb e
ginsit
sd o
wnward
st
roke
 Knockov er
:Theo l
dstit
chisremo vedfr
omt hene e
dle.
 Pull
i
ng:Th enews ti
tchisf o
rme da tthen e
edle’shooka n
dt hen e
edleisinitslo
we s
t
posi
ti
on.
Thefi
vest
epsa rerepea
tedinac o
n t
inuo usup -
anddownmo t
iontofo
rmak nit
.

Te
chn
ica
lfa
ce Te
chn
ica
lba
ck

We
ft/
fi
ll
i
ngk
nit
WarpKnit
ti
ng
Warpk n
itt
ings
tar
teda
bout1
775b
ycr
aneo
fEn gland.Wa rpknit
ti
ngp ro
ducesav erti
calloop
st
ruct
ure.It i
sama c h
inep ro
cesso fma k
ingfabr
icinaf l
at
fo
rm.Wa rp
- kni
tsareus ual
lydi
agramme dusi
ngap oi
ntpaper
not
ati
on. Appare
le ndusesforwa rpkni
tsin
cludeling
eri
ng,
under
wears, spot
swe ar
s ,ando ut
erwears. Wa r
p-Knit
sa re
used i
n cont
ract
-gradec arp
et,up hol
st
ery
,d rapin
ga nd
case
me nt f
a b
ric
s,Wa rp-kni
tsfab
ricsareusedf orme di
cal
i
mp l
ants suchasa r
ti
fici
alvei
nsandtiss
uessupportfab
ric
s.
 Te
chn
ica
lba
ck

Te
chn
ica
lfa
ce

Wa
rpk
nit
s
Tech
nical
face:Thisrefe
rstotheot
hersi
deofthefab
rica
sk ni
tt
ed
Thetec
hnica
lfaceoffabri
chasbett
erf
ini
sh.
Tech
nical
back:Thisisthei
nnersi
deofthef
abri
casitiskni
t
Fi
nerandmo r
ee xp
e n
s i
veyar
nsa r
eusedonthefac
es i
de.

Th
est
ruc
tur
e

Te
chn
ica
lba
ck Te
chn
ica
lfa
ce

Ne
edl
es:Knit
ti
ngisd onebyneedle
s.Thety
pesofneededare
:
 Spri
ng-b
eard:Th i
sma ybeus e
dtoproduc
efull
yfashi
onedgarment
sork
nitf
le
ecea
ndf
ine
yarnfabr
ic
s .
 Latchneedle
:Mo stfi
tt
ingknit
saref
ormedwiththel
atchnee
dle/
 Ad oubl
e-l
atch:Thi
sn ee
d l
eisusedt
oma kepurl
loops
.
 Thec o
mp ound:Theneedleisuse
dpri
ma r
il
yinwa r
pknit
ti
ng.

St
it
ches
Needl
ema k
ess t
it
chesorlo
ops.St
it
chnamesarebas
edo nt
hewaytheyar
emade.
Sti
tche
smaybe
op
eno rcl
osed
,d epe
ndingonh o
wt hest
ic
hisf o
rmed.Opens
ti
tc
h e
sa r
emo s
tcommoninf
il
li
ng
kn
itt
ing
.Inwarpkni
tti
ng,ei
the
rkindmaybefo
und,depe
ndin
gonthedesi
gnoft
hekni
t.
F
ours
ti
tcht
ypes
:
 Kni
tst
it
ch - Thisisthebasi
ss t
it
chusedtop ro
ducethema j
ori
tyoffi
ll
ing–
knitf
a b
ri
cs.
 Tucks
ti
tch - Th isisusedtocre
ateapatt
erninthefabr
ic
.
 TheFl
oalormi
sssti
tch- Thisisals
ous e
dtoc r
eat
eap at
terninthefa
bri
c.Thefl
oatsti
tc
h
isuse dwh e
ny arnsofdif
fer
entc ol
ourskni
tint ocreat
et h
e
desig
n .
 ThePurl
,o rr
eve
rse,st
it
ch– Thi
ss ti
tc
hf or
msaf a
bri
ct h
a tlook
so nb o
thside
sl i
ket h
e
techni
calbackofabasi
cknitf
abric
.Thefabri
cisre
versi
bl
e.Purl
 -
kni
tfab
ri
csaresl
owa
nde
xpe
nsi
vet
okn
itb
eca
uset
her
equi
red
s
peci
almach
ine.
Kn
itt
ingMa chin
es:Thek ni
tt
ingma chi
nesare
 Flatbedk ni
tt
ingma chi
ne:Thisknit
sav arie
tyoff abr
icswi dt
h s,butmo stf
latbedknitsareat
least100i ncheswide.Thesema chi
n e
sa reslowe rt
h a
nc i
rcularma chi
nes,buttheyp r
oduce
lessskewi nthefabr
icandcanf as
hionorshapega rmento rpr
o ductpar
ts.
Knitti
ngma chinealsoma ybed es
cri
bedb ythetypeoff abri
ct heyproduceforexamples i
mple
jer
s eyoramo re-c
omp l
exk n
itsuchasterr
yc l
oth
. Patt
ernedk nit
sa reproduc
edo njacquar
da nd
ma chines.
 Circul
ark ni
tti
ngma chi
ne:Producti
onisfasterwithcircular
,ma c
h i
nes.Theya r
ed es
c r
ibe
db y
thed iameterofthefabri
ct abl
etheyproduce.Circul
ark nit
ti
n gma chineproducefabri
cswith
signif
ic
a ntskewa ndpotent
ialpro
blemsinc ut
ti
n g,sewinga ndc ust
ome rsati
sfact
io
n.Circul
ar
ma chinesareusedtoma keyardage,
swe a
terbodies,p
a ntyhosea nds o
cks.
Di
ff
ere
nce
sbe
twe
enWa
rp-
kni
tan
dfi
l
li
ng(
orwe
ft)k
nit
ti
ng
Wa
rp-k
nit Wef
tknit
 Wa rp
-kni
tt
ingisfas
ter  Weftk ni
tisslo
w
 Wa rp
-kni
tisexpensi
ve  Les
se x
pen s
ive
 Areus ual
lyd i
agr
amme dus
ingap
oin
t-  Yar
nsr unh or
izont
all
y
p
apernota
tio
n  Loo
p sconn e
cthori
zontal
l
y
 Yarnsrunverti
cal
l
y  Mored esi
gnp os
sibi
li
ti
es
 Loopsconnectdi
agonal
ly  Fl
ato rci
rcula
rk n
its
 Flat
-kni
ts  Pr
od uced a s k nit shaped g
arme
nts
,
 Producedasyardageon
ly ga
rme ntpieces,o
ryardage.

Char
act
eri
st
ic
sofkni
tt
ing
Fa
bri
cd en
sit
y:Th
isisd ef
ine
dbyd
esc
ri
bi
ngt
hen
umb
ero
fst
it
che
s,n
oty
arn
s,i
nas
pec
if
ic
di
rec
ti
on.
Wale
sa r
everti
calcol
umn sofstic
hesinthek ni
tf a
br i
c.Cour
sesaretheh o
riz
onta
lrows.I
n
machi
nekni
tt
ing
,eachwa l
eisfo
rme dbyasi
ngleneedle.Fabr
icden
sit
yisof
tendesi
gnat
ed(g
ive
n
t
hename)aswalesbycours
es.Forexamp
le,
aT- s
h i
rtj
erseymighthav
e3 2wal
esperinc
hand44
co
ursesp
eri
nch.Thefab
ricwoul
dh aveadens
it
yo f32x44.
Graugeorcut:Thi
sindi
cat
esthefi
nene
s softhesti
ch.I
tisth
en umb erofnee
dle
sinasp
eci
fi
c
di
stanceonthen e
edlebaran
da sof
tene x
press
eda sneed
leperinch.Cut
sma ybeus
edi
nthe
te
xtil
eindus
trytodes
cri
bekni
tfa
bri
c.Thehigh
erthecuto
rgauge,t
h efi
nerth
efabr
ic
.

S
kewisanof
fgr
ainprob
lem.Ske
wo c
cur
swh ent
hefi
ll
in
gy ar
nisatanangelot
hert
han90
d
egr
eest
oth
ewarp.Th
isiscommonwi
thkni
ts
,esp
eci
al
lyci
rc
ulark
nit
sbe
caus
eo ft
hewayth
ey
a
remade
.

 Kni
tt
edfa
bri
csh avehigh
erpote
nti
alsh
rink
agetha
nwo v
enfa
bri
cs.
 Akni
t’
sbulk
ys t
ructur
ep r
ovi
desmanytrap
ped-
ai
rcel
lsf
orgo
odins
ulat
io
ninst
il
lai
r.
 Onawa r
m,h umidd a
y,knit
sma ybetoowar
mb eca
useth
eyconfo
rmtothebodyand
i
nsul
atet
oowe l
l.
  Kni
tsarel
essli
kel
ytowri
nkl
eduri
nguse
,car
e,pa
ckingors
tor
age
 I
twillb
edif
fi
cul
ttoide
nti
fyt
hete
chni
calf
aceoft
hefabr
ic
 Fl
oatsont
hetechni
calf
aceo
ffab
ri
careli
kel
ytosna
g
S
imi
l
ari
ti
esbet
weenkni
tti
ngandweavi
ng
 Bothar
eusedfo
ra p
parel
,f
urn
ish
ingandi
ndus
tri
alp
rod
uct
s
 Bothmakeuseofyar
ns
 Bothar
eproc
essofprod
uci
ngfab
ric
s.
Di
ff
eren
c esbetwe enknit
tin
gandwe av
ing
Weavi
ng Knit
tin
g
 The f abr
ic f orming p r
oce
ss i s b y  The F abric forming p r
ocess i
s b y
i
nterl
aceme ntofyarns. i
nterl
oping/i
nter
locki
ngofyarn
s
 Thereiswa rpandwe f
t  Thereiscourseandwa l
e
 Wed os i
zi
n ginwe av
ing  Wed owa xing
 Twoo rmo reyarnareused  Onl
yo ney ar
nisus e
d
 Lows tr
ength  Hig
hs tr
en gt
h
 Headles/f
ramea reused  Onl
yn eedleisused
 Verylessorn oelas
ti
cit
y  Hig
ha mo untofelas
tic
it
y
 Mored urabl
e  Lessdurable
 Absorblessmo i
sture  Absorbmo remoist
ure
 Morep ro
duc t
ioncost  Lessproducti
oncost
 Inwo venf abri
cstherearemoree n
ergyt
o  Inkn i
tt
edf abri
cs,yarnsdon otmov
ein
operat
e bot
hd ir
ecti
o n
s
 Wov e
n f abri
cs h a
ve l e
sser pote
nti
al  Lessenergytooperate
shr
inkage  Kni
ttedf abr
icsh aveh i
gherpot
enti
al
 Loomi susedinwe avi
ng shr
inkage
 Needleisusedink ni
tt
ing